the january 6 select committee officially subpoenas former president trump demanding documents and testimony. the move coming as trump ally steve bannon is sentenced to four months in prison for defying his subpoena. also tonight, president biden makes a new pitch to voters and a new prediction as well. he claims the momentum republicans are seeing will tilt back to the democrats in the final days before the midterm elections. and ukrainians removed last bodies from the largest mass grave found in a key eastern city. this as ukrainians is accusing russia of planning to attack a critical dam to create a large scale catastrophe. welcome to our viewers here in the united states and around the world. i'm wolf blitzer and you're in "the situation room." let's get right to our top story tonight. the january 6 select committee truly historic subpoena of former president donald trump. cnn justice correspondent evan perez is digging into details for us right any. so what is the committee specifically ordering trump to do? >> well this is a historic subpoena indeed. the january 6 committee is asking for the former president to turn over a broad range of documents by november 4th and to come in and sit for a deposition with committee staff and some members of the committee on november 14th. and they say that the former president of course was at the center of a historic effort to overturn the 2020 election. in justifying this subpoena, they point out, and i'll read you a part of the letter sent by the chairman and the two chairs of the committee. they say in part, you're at the center of the first and only effort by any u.s. president to overturn an election that would obstruct the peaceful transition of power culminating in a bloody attack on our own capitol. they're asking for a broad range of documents. i'll read you part of the list. they say they want any calls and any calls that were made by or directed by him on january 6. they're asking for records of calls to members of congress. records related to the proud boys and the oath keepers. communications that were looking to block certification of the 2020 election. communications about mike pence and of course anything related to the destruction of materials. and as part of these communications, one of the things that really stood out is the list of people that they're asking about. people like mike flynn who was of course the former national security adviser of the former president. he remained a strong ally of the former president and a key part of the effort to try to get the overturn of the election and to push these fraud claims. people like roger stone, steven bannon, rudy giuliani and jeffrey clark and john eastman. these are two key architects and allies of the former president as he was trying to find desperate ways to remain in power in those days after the election, wolf. >> but the key question remains, will the committee actually get the former president's testimony. >> well that remains to be seen. we don't think that the former president is of course going to just turn over everything. he has hired a lawyer to help litigate some of this. he has a number of options. one is that he could cooperate and turn over those documents and come in for a deposition. he has said at least on his social media platform that he's prepared to come in and do a live interview with the committee. of course the committee is not prepared to do it that way. the other option for him of course is to do what he's done before, which is to say that the committee is illegitimate and to try to fight this out in court and run out the clock. because he knows that this committee is facing, of course, the end of the term here coming up at the end -- following the mid midterm elections and come january it is likely they will not be around. >> evan perez reporting for us. stick around. i wan to bring in our reporter kaitlan pollance and norm eisen and jonathan wack. norm, first to you. how historic is this subpoena, a copy of which we received today and what stands out for you from the information the committee wants from former president trump. >> wolf, presidents have been both requested and subpoenaed to appear before congress in the past. but these circumstances are different because of the historic nature of the form he president trump's action, that the committee points to here. they don't quite come out and say it, but they lay out the factual predicate in their letters, wolf, for very serious possible federal crimes. indeed, federal crimes of obstructing an official proceeding in congress, and a conspiracy to defraud the united states that have been found likely by a federal judge in california. so when you have that evidence and a demand, a legally enforceable one, that the president appear, that is a clash for the history books. it is very significant. >> this letter they wrote to trump reads like a criminal indictment with all of the specific potential charges included. jonathan, committee also wants any communications related to the far right militia groups out there. do you think they already have insight into those relationships? >> well, i think that we -- that the committee does have insight into those relationships but what is interesting in the subpoena, when they talk about communications, they're highlighting or alluding to the fact that the former president, while he was in office was utilizing communication methods that were outside of the control of the u.s. government. typically presidents use secure communications controlled by the white house communications agency, a division of the military office at the white house. that is for national security purposes, that communication to nip is secured and encrypted at all times. in the subpoena, there is a deviation. they're asking for information from platforms such as signal, which is an encrypted platform but it is open to the public. it is private, nongovernment use. so to me that is really telling that there is something of evidentiary value that the committee may have that indicates that the form he president was communicating outside of typical norms for a sitting president. >> it is interesting, evan, that the subpoena that was officially released today to trump came on the same day that a key trump ally steve bannon was sentenced for refusing to cooperate with another select committee subpoena. tell us about that. >> well the fact remains, wolf, that steve bannon, like the former president, is defiant about the committee and of course the case of steve bannon, he's been sentenced today to -- to go to jail, right. but he is now going to appeal. he said he's going to appeal and he could end up serving four months. but they'll be some time from he even has to show up. the question for the former president is, is he going to take the same course. which is defiance, and which is to basically just thumb his nose at this committee. or will he at least try to talk to them and try to reach some kind of accommodation. >> it sends a powerful signal indeed, the sentencing of steve bannon. kaitlan, you're there just outside of the courthouse are bannon was sentenced today. does bannon's legal fight provide a road map for former president trump to repeat his delay tactics on this subpoena. >> reporter: wolf, it certainly could. when you have a situation like this where one branch of government is butting up against another one, calls in the judicial branch of government for help in this case, when that sort of thing, when toz branches are butting heads, it is never simple. steve bannon's case at trial it was very simple. he got a subpoena from the house an and he didn't show up and the people that were serving in the administration might have more broadly and he was convicted. and today he got his sentence. he's going to appeal. there are a lot of legal arguments that could arise and there are a lot of things courts could do. it gets even more complicated whenever this becomes something that donald trump, who was the former president, would be arguing about his time in office. and so we're just going to have to wait and see exactly what happens there in the court. although bannon -- or sorry, the house did get a boost from the judge today saying they are a valid committee and investigation is valid. >> everybody stand by. we're getting breaking news just coming into cnn. i want to bring in cnn supreme court reporter ariane de vogue. >> lindsey graham has just gone to the supreme court with an emergency petition. he's asking the justices to halt a subpoena issued requiring him to appear before that georgia grand jury. that grand jury that is looking into trump's loss in georgia. a lower court here said that graham had to answer some questions. that his lawyers are now coming to the supreme court saying that he shouldn't have to answer any questions under that speech or debate clause of the constitution. he said that senators are protected from some sorts of harassment, for when they speak, in committees or on the floor. but here a lower court judge said, yeah, you could be protected from some speech that has to do with your legislative duties. but the lower courts drew a line and said other speech, speech having to do with communications and coordination with trump officials, that's fair game. so he's come to the supreme court. the petition was filed with justice clarence thomas. who has jurisdiction over the lower court here. but he's likely going to refer it to the full court, wolf. >> we shall see what happens. stand by. norm, let me get your reaction as you heard senator graham say he shouldn't have to testify after the debate clause. how will they view this emergency request from the senator. >> i think that supreme court will take a dim view of senator graham's arguments, wolf. the speech or debate clause has limited application. and as now multiple federal courts have held in georgia and in the 11th circuit, it only applies to speech or debate related activities at the core of you're congressional -- your congressional duties. here senator graham is said to have engaged in a wider range of activities outside of his official business. i should say that i represented a group of distinguished former prosecutors in filing an amicus, a friend of the court brief that the lower court relied upon in finding, no, this is not an absolute bar to a senator testifying. we've known that ever since the case of mike gravel, the pentagon papers pace. the supreme court has held that. so nothing new here, wolf. he's not going to succeed. >> we shall see. thank you very much. coming up, why president biden is predicting a shift back towards democrats in the final days before the midterm elections. stand by. new information coming in. president biden signed the inflation reduction act into law this afternoon. ok, so what exactly does it mean for you? out of pocket costs for drugs will be capped. for 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car well, with carvana you can experience the new way to sell a car with less than three weeks to go before the midterms, president biden is predicted that democrats will gain momentum to keep control of congress. let's go to phil mattingly outside of the white house. phil, the president he's sounding pretty confident right now. did he explain why? >> reporter: it was a dose of optimism from the president on what has been a rather fluid and dynamic political picture over the course of the last several months. and the president acknowledging what is seeming to be clear over the course of the last several weeks, that the polls have started to move back towards republicans in the closing weeks of the midterm elections. but saying he thought there could be a shift. take a listen. >> back and forth with them ahead, us ahead, them ahead, back and forth. and the polls have been all over the place. i think that we're going to see one more shift back to our side in the closing days. election is not a referendum, it is a choice. and you could criticize my economic record and look at what i've inherited and what i've done and what they're offering. >> reporter: there was a prediction and a sharper tone from the president today. it is something that i'm told he's going to be continuing and ramping up in the weeks ahead. but whether it comes to that prediction, the president was pointing to the economy. what has been a vulnerability for democrats in these last several weeks. particularly because of soaring inflation. the implicit point the president seemed to be making is that gas prices once again are starting to go down. white house officials have been keenly eyeing them over the course of the last several weeks. very able to understand the very close correlation between gas prices, the president's approval and the democratic party approval and their prospects in the midterms. while the president is expected to rally in the weeks ahead, today was another day where he was focused on a specific policy issue and this also had very clear political undertones. the president at delaware state, a black university, talking about his executive order to cancel student loan debt. wolf, the president making news, announcing more than 22 million people have gone through the process to apply for student loan cancelation. but behind the process up to this point is this, white house officials have seen this is an issue that has resonated on a consistent basis with younger voters and younger black voters in particular. those are groups that the president and democrats really need to come out. the president clearly targeting them with his remarks on student loans today, wolf. >> turnout, turnout, turnout will be critical in the midterm elections. phil mattingly. thank you very much. and let get more. joining us is jeff zeleny. and errol lewis and the former republican congressman charlie dent. jeff, i want to begin with the prediction from president biden that we just heard that we'll see a shift back to democrats in the democrats' favor in the days leading up to the midterm elections. is that wishful thinking on his part. >> it is certainly optimistic on the president's part. but that is -- he's the leader of the party. would you expect him to have a optimistic message in the final couple of weeks. but there is reason to doubt that. the economic head winds and the inflation are quite strong as i travel across the country talking to voters. there are deep pocketbook concerns and issues. the president and the white house, they certainly are doing many things to try to show they are in control but the reality is that spending is a big concern on the minds of voters. so a lot of the help they are giving people, student loan debts are controversial in the sense that the government is spending so much money which is contributing at least to a small degree or a degree to inflation. so it is certainly possible. we do not know if the environment is locked in entirely. but the president being optimistic at the very least. perhaps wishful thinking sugging the environment will change between now and november 8th. and people are voting, millions of americans are already voting at this moment. >> they certainly are. not only inflation, but a lot of people are deepy worried there could be a recession down the road as well. errol, barack obama will hit the campaign trail in several key battleground states next week and he's rolling out new ads in support of pennsylvania democrat john fetterman. let's listen to hissen dorment. >> in pennsylvania you have some important choices to make this year, including who represents you in the u.s. senate. that is why i'm asking you to vote for john fetterman this election day. november 8th. so when the fate of our democracy and a woman's right to choose are on the line, i know john will fight for pennsylvanians. you could count on john fetterman. make sure he can count on you. vote democrat on november 8th. >> as you know, the former president barack obama, he's very intentional about when and how he wades into elections. so this is pretty significant, isn't it? >> oh, absolutely. barack obama has not done a whole lot of endorsements over the last four years, it is a couple of hundred candidates including some low level state ones. but he has a pretty high success rate. the rate i think fluctuates between 40 to 68 to 70%. so when he does focus on a race and he does give his support, it tends to mean something. he wants to have a good record for a lot of different reasons and i think in this case what he's saying is he thinks that fetterman is in a position to win and he thinks his endorsement would take a difference. and josh shapiro is doing quite well. so all of the things that -- that an endorsement would rely on are all lining up. it is a winnable race. fetterman is still ahead in the polls. although that margin is shrinking. he has a strong running mate at the top of the ticket. they should go all in. the democrats really need the state and the seat and they need this. >> and they could generate turnout which the democrats will need in pennsylvania and several of the other states. you know, charlie, charlie dent, while president biden was in pennsylvania yesterday, as you know he took a real dig at republican senator candidate dr. memez oz saying, and i'm quoting him now, delaware was smart enough to send him to new jersey. do you think these questions about oz's residency are of concern to voters out there? >> yeah, i do think the residency issue is important. but it is less important than it would have been in previous times because people are voting much more tribal manners right now. it is red team, blue team. and in fact, i think this race is a dead heat. the senate race. and fetterman has come under attack because of his role in the board of pardons and the criminal issue which is resonating particularly in the philadelphia region. and i could speak to having two kids there and all of the issues that are going on with the d.a. because of his lack of concern about public safety and fetterman being tied to him. so i think this is a dead heat and biden could take a shot at oz, but i think oz is in a very good position to win this race. >> interesting. guys, thank you very much. up next, children's hospitals across the united states right now are filling up as an unprecedented surge of a virus call rsv sweeps the country. the warning signs parents need to look out for. we'll have that and more right after the break.k. in the projects ththat power our economy. from thehe plains to the coast, we help americans invest for their future. and help communities thrive. my most important kitchen tool? my brain. so i choose neuriva plus. unlike some others, neuriva plus is a multitasker suppting 6 key indicators of brain health. to help keep me sharp. neuriva: think bigr. as a teacher living and working in san francisco, the cost of housing makes living and working here really difficult. proposition d is the only measure that speeds up construction of affordable new homes by removing bureaucratic roadblocks. so teachers, nurses, firefighters and workers like us can live where we work. while prop e makes it nearly impossible to build more housing join habitat for humanity in rejecting prop e, and supporting prop d to build more affordable housing for everyone. i love san francisco, but i'm working overtime to stay here. now is not the time to raise taxes. i'm voting no on propositions m and o, because the cost of everything is going up. san francisco collects more tax revenue than nearly any city in america. but our streets are dirty and public safety is not getting better. i'm working hard to live within my budget. the city should too. join me in voting no on m and o. now is not the time to raise taxes in san francisco. vote no on m and o. an unprecedented surge of a respiratory illness in young children is overwhelming hospitals across the united states right now. cnn brynn gingras is joining us at connecticut hospital where administrators are considering adding a field tent to handle the level of admissions. what are you hearing? what is going on? >> reporter: yeah, wolfk i'm in the area where that field tent would go should they pull the trigger on that. haven't done that quite yet. i think they're waiting to see the next couple of weeks how the flu spikes, because that is a major concern. they're not only seeing the rsv but te worry the flu numbers will go up. what they're seeing here is you described it perfectly, overwhelming for doctors, for nurses, for the hospital staff. this hospital tells us every night for last two weeks, wolf, 15 to 25 young patients come through the doors and have to spend the night on the hospital bed that's are meant for triage because they couldn't get admitted to the actual hospital. they're turning play room news actual hospital rooms. they are just really overwhelmed with a number they are seeingch another statistic that they have told us, this is the first month since june that the numbers of rsv cases have spiked higher than covid cases. and of course this is not just happening in connecticut. we're seeing this all across the country as a warning that the cdc gave us just yesterday. >> very disturbing indeed. what do the doctors there tell you, what may be the reason for this awful surge? >> reporter: yeah they're trying to pinpoint it, but what they're thinking is that two years ago we were in the middle of covid. this is a respiratory illness that is among young children. totally treatable. totally common. usually under two kids get it. because covid was just two years ago, kids were wearing masks and be being quarantined and now the masks have gone away and they're in schools and so maybe more susceptible to this virus. they are seeing a little bit older patients now, ages about two to five. >> brynn gingras, we'll stay in touch with you. thank you very much. let's get some analysis right now. i wan to bring in cnn medical correspondent dr. tara narula. thank you for joining us. why are we seeing the significant surge in those rsv cases right now? do you think this is the peak right now or will things get worse over the coming weeks? >> well, wolf, i want to take a step back to pre-covid and what brin said, this is a virus that most americans were infected with before the age of two. and while it doesn't confer life long immunity, it gives you some and that helps so the next time you see the virus you're less likely to get sick. what has happened for the past two years is all of the mitigation strategies have essentially created a new eco-system for the circulating viruses a situation where we're seeing a change in the seasonal occurrence. so we're seeing the onset much earlier and seeing what we call an immunity gap. we have a cohort of children who never got exposed to the virus and now they're seeing it. and they're potentially seeing it at older ages when their reactions may be different than how they got exposed at a yo you younger age and moms may have been less expose and it does not cross across the placenta that may have helped children. and we're seeing some of the surge. as far as what might happen in the coming weeks, i think nobody could really predict. we hope that we will see the peak soon and it will come down before winter. but even more reason to emphasize the importance of getting the flu vaccine for children and the covid vaccine so that we take off some of the pressure on the hospital systems that we're seeing and we decrease the potential severity of those illnesses should children get infected with the flu or covid. >> doctor narula, for parents out there and watching at home, what we're talking about, and they may have a sick child tonight, what are the warning signs of the serious rsv case. >> and any parent will tell you, when your child is sick there is nothing more scary. so we don't want to create fear but empower parents with knowledge. they should look for running nose, cough, fever and wheezing. a young infant may present with irritability, and decreased feeding or even breathing problems. if you see your child struggling to breathe, their nostrils are flaring and breathing from their belly and you could see ribs or neck muscles straining or not staying hydrated, that is a sign it is time to take them to the emergency room. pediatricians have tested because it could be hard to differentiate this from covid or the flu or some of the other viruses. so that is something else to keep in mind. but really important to point out for parents that usually kids do well with symptomatic treatment and hydration and support. and most will recover within one to two weeks. >> very important information. dr. narula, thank you so much for joining us. >> thank you. just ahead, the critical role of tech warriors in ukraine's resistance to the russian invasion. cnn goes inside of a secret drone workshop. that is next. energy is everywhere... even in a little seeeedling. which, when turned into fuel, can help power a plane. at chevrvron's el segundo refinery, we're looking to turn plant-based oil into renewable gasoline, jet and diesel fuels. our planet offers countless sources of energy. but it's only human to find the ones that could power a better future. when cold symptoms keep you up, try vicks nyquil severe. just one dose starts to relieve 9 of your worst cold and f symptoms, toelp take you from 9 cold a to none.toms, for max strength nhttime relief, nyquil severe: ♪ when moderate to severe ulcerative colitis persists... put it in check with rinvoq, a once-daily pill. when uc got unpredictable,... i got rapid symptom relief with rinvoq. check. when uc held me back... i got lasting, steroid-free remission with rinvoq. check. and when uc got the upper hand... rinvoq helped visibly repair the colon lining. check. rapid symptom 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scene in eastern ukraine. what is the latest? what are you seeing over there? >> hi, there, wolf. troubling developments there as what volodymyr zelenskyy is saying about the russians allegedly mining that dam which is a very critical one and could lead to catastrophic flooding if that dam is blown up. the ukrainian defense forces said there were two trucks placed by the russians on the dam jam packed with explosives ready to blow up any time. now we have to say that the russians say that this is all nonsense, that they don't intend to do that. but certainly the consequences would be catastrophic. but you're also right, wolf, up here in the east of ukraine, it is a very tough battle for the ukrainians. they're outnumbered by about five to one. and the russians have heavier weapons but the ukrainians are fighting back by being smarter and more nibble and using tech to level the playing field. >> as the crow flies, the front line is only a few hundred yards away. ukraine forces are both outmanned and outgunned here but holding on because they say their out-witting the russians. >> we've been given access where tech savviness is leveling the battle feel, the commander tells me. >> it is game changing kind of stuff. because we have no -- so much forces, no so much guns and bullets and so on. so we have to be smart or -- >> reporter: the place is run like a start-up. no idea is off limits. the soldiers work around the clock repairing and modifying and arming consumer drones. led by a young wiz known as the serpent. >> it is way better to know in advance an assault coming every meter, we're watching every centimeter here to help us save lives during an assault and withdrawal. >> reporter: the russians have around five times more troops here than kyiv. the brigade filmed this video they say shows russians charged toward ukrainian positions out in the open, disregarding the lives of moscow's own soldiers. >> there are a lot of them and they have a lot of weapons. we have creativity. >> in our platoon, i do bombs. >> reporter: and they have their weapons expert. a 19-year-old who goes by the call sign varnock and turned grenade news aerial bombs in his makeshift bomb factory. >> we roll them, it is a -- for drone dropping. >> reporter: he removed any excess weight and attached a pressure fuse. >> finished? >> no. we need -- and then some tape around. and then you take this on a drone and take this and just drop it. >> reporter: it is not just drones. the unit built this radio controlled gun turret and a kamikaze -- helping turn the tide here. >> we defend our positions and now we are -- we make counter offense and we are successful in it. >> reporter: like so much of the troop troops defending the town, they work to exhaustion thinking of ways to counter the assault despite a lack of heavy weapons and the private military company vagner is very active in the area and cnn has verified satellite images that indicate that vagner has built a giant barrier not far from here to the east. it is unclear why exactly they've done that. it is about two kilometers long and made of concrete pyramids. it is unclear whether they believe they will get pushed back and need those fortifications but certainly something a lot of people are keeping an eye on, wolf. >> thank you so much for that report. as i always tell you, stay safe over there. coming up, new fallout from of the prime minister liz truss. the british ambassador to the united states standing by live. she'll join us in "the situation room." that is next. anything else i can help you with?? like what? visionworks. see the difference. in the united king dom, the race to replace liz truss is heating up. we're now just one week away from a conservative party vote on naming a new leader. bianca nobilo has our report from london. >> reporter: liz truss will soon be out as britain's prime minister. around 200,000 conservative party members, a tiny fraction of britain's population, the same electorate responsible for appointing truss are expected to vote for her replacement by october 28th. three candidates lead the pack. rishy sunac and penny moreac and boor is johnson. sunac was runner-up to liz truss in the last leadership race. >> honesty and responsibility, not fairy tales. sflfrnlt he warned her tax cutting plans would send the economy into-free fall and akyers her of fairy tell economics words that have been vindicated. he's none the theless seen as a traitor playing a pivotal role in the final hours of boris johnson's premiership. penny mordent finished third in the previous contest. >> the prime minister is not under a desk. >> reporter: she stood in for truss to answer on the sacking of a employee and praised for the handling of the situation. given the factured situation, he could be seen as the unity candidate. a family face. boris johnson is expected to stand. just three months after his drawn out departure from number ten. >> like -- i am returning to my plot. >> reporter: and admirer of winston churchill who was prime minister twice, johnson went so far as to compare himself to cincinnatis in his speech and returning to power for a glorious second type. he whats forced to resign following months of controversy around lockdown parties and other scandals. he still facing an investigation into whether he lied to parliament about covid breaches >> at the moment i would lean towards boris johnson. >> reporter: he. johnson's father also made plane friday where his affiliations lay. >> i think i'm going to support boris. i'm pretty sure i'm going to support boris. i'm just speaking out as a voter. but i want to be sure that he's going to stick to the 2019 manifesto. >> reporter: johnson has never lost an election. allies will point to his 2019 victory as evidence he can unite the conservative party and prevent an electoral wipeout that could put the party in opposition for a generation. >> a powerful new mandate. >> reporter: wolf, in order to get into the coveted final two spots for the leadership contest, he will have to get 100 conservative mps and in the last hour rishi sunak has met that threshold. if they vote as expected, he will get one of those spots in the final two on monday. but who will occupy the other, that's the question? will it be the centrist penny mordaunt or the controversial prime minister, boris johnson, whose supporters say that he would love nothing more than to emulate a glorious job to the top like the heroes he admires. >> thank you. let's discuss all the latest developments out of the uk. joining us now, dame karen pierce, the british ambassador to the united states. ambassador, thank you so much for joining us. i want you and our viewers to watch what the london mayor khan told chour amanpour. >> our reputation has been diminished, every minute liz truss has stayed in office. people here this morning have been asking me what is going on in your country. on the one hand, you're showing global leadership for london. on the other hand, your country is a laughing stock. from the global south who say, listen, we used to look upon the uk as providing certainty and calm. you have the parliament. we look to you for moral leadership and we are a laughing stock. >> ambassador, what sort of impact does all this have on british diplomacy right now? >> i don't think it changes any fundamental, to be honest, wolf. i'd just like to point out mr. khan is a politician, labor politician, from the opposite party to the government, which is conservative. i'm an independent civil servant and career diplomat. so, i don't comment on the politics, but i can tell you as a diplomat that really it's made no difference to the fundamentals. britain is still here supporting ukraine, still here as the most reliable european ally on nato, still here with the city of london making great strides in financial services, still one of the six largest economies in the world, still a great place to invest, and still trying to work with partners, including the u.s., on the cost of living crisis. >> i, of course, know you're a diplomat and an excellent diplomat, to be sure, but explain to americans, specifically, how former prime minister boris johnson could seriously regain power so soon after being forced to resign in scandal? >> we simply have a very different system from america's political system. we have a prime minister and a head of state, who is a king. you have a president. we also have a political that british elector ates, when they vote, they vote for the next party to run the government and they vote for a manifesto, they give in election campaigns and they will then govern to. it's very different from america. so, when the conservative party won in 2010, even though it has changed its party leader, the party remains in power and the leader of the party at any particular moment becomes the prime minister. this is the system we've had for a very long time. it is the system that operated in the '70s when howard wilson gave way to jim callahan, both labor, when blake gave way in 2007 to gordon rand, both labor. when theresa may replaced david cameron, a conservative. it's just a very different system from america's. >> as you know, ambassador, russia has taunted the uk over all the chaos that's going on right now. what message does all of this turmoil in the uk send to vladimir putin, specifically as the west tries to navigate the war, putin's war on ukraine? >> well, we don't need electives from an autocrat like vladimir putin on democracy and how it plays out in britain, but i can assure you that whoever comes in as prime minister, britain is going to keep supporting ukraine, keep supplying defensive weapons, keep helping fund humanitarian causes in ukraine, and helping them with their economy. i'm going to carry on doing all of that with america and nato and otherallies. that's not going to waiver. we stand shoulder to shoulder with the ukrainian people. >> 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