the £20—a—week increase to universal credit — claimed by almost 6 million people — comes to an end today. australia is to stop sending asylum seekers to papua new guinea, ending its controversial detention regime. from next week, anybody who wants to get into a nightclub or large event in wales will need a covid pass to show that they have been fully vaccinated, or have recently tested negative. how a 200 million —year—old dinosaur fossil was discovered in the drawers of the natural history museum. hello and welcome if you're watching in the uk or around the world. boris johnson will close the conservative party conference today by declaring that his government has the guts to deal with issues in the economy and society that he says have been dodged by previous administrations. against a backdrop of labour shortages and warnings of empty supermarket shelves at christmas, the prime minister will pledge to move the uk towards high—wage, high—skill employment. our political correspondent, nick eardley, reports. this is fantastic. borisjohnson looks like he's enjoying himself. the conservatives worship him as an election winner. he promises them he's going to rewire the economy. but today the prime minister is also speaking to the country. and it's against a backdrop that makes some nervous — rising prices, a reduction in universal credit, problems with deliveries which could last for weeks. today mrjohnson will argue the economy needs to change — and that previous governments didn't have the guts to do it. he'll accuse his predecessors — which, remember, includes conservatives — of drift and dither. as he told breakfast yesterday, he wants to move away from immigration, towards higher wages and better conditions. borisjohnson will also talk about his big idea — levelling up — telling delegates it can take pressure off what he'll call "the overheating southeast of england", and offer opportunity to areas where people are left behind. it's a pitch of a better economy to come, but with very real pressures for many now — and more expected over the winter months — some will be looking for immediate action, too. earlier the justice secretary dominic raab emphasised the importance of a move to high skilled, high wage employment. we bounce back and build back stronger from this terrible pandemic, we've got the number ofjobs and new, rising, economic growth coming back at a fair lick. wages are also rising, if you look at the latest data. but we've got to make sure that we have an economy which is high skill, high wage, so that people can afford to deal with the cost of living, and not overly reliant on the easy addiction to cheap, unskilled labour from abroad. the conservative peer, lord wolfson, who's chief executive of the next fashion chain and a brexit supporter says there's real panic and despondency in the restaurant, hotel and care industries about labour shortages. in an interview with the bbc�*s nick robinson he hit back against borisjohnson�*s claim yesterday that business needs a shock to get it off its reliance on foreign labour. i think that approach leads to queues at petrol stations and pigs being unnecessarily shot. so i don't think that is a particularly constructive approach. i think a much more constructive approach is to say, well, if we think the problem is that businesses are bringing in people because they are cheap, then let's make them more expensive. so that business can bring in the labour that it desperately needs, but there will always be a huge incentive to employ people in the uk if those people are available. and so, rather than try and solve this problem with people throwing brickbats at each other, we sit down together, work through and design a system that delivers the best of both worlds, that delivers the skills we desperately need in the uk to keep the economy moving. but at the same time, make sure that uk workers are not being undercut or deprived of opportunities that they might otherwise want. let's get more on this from our chief political correspondent, ian what's a bit of a war of words between the government and many business leaders over this whole claim that british business is addicted to cheap foreign labour? that's right, if you cast your mind back to the brexit referendum campaign, borisjohnson made some rather derogatory remarks about business at the time, and he is finger wagging again at some businesses, which conservative supporters like lord wolfson do not like to hear. you will be saying in this speech, as we understand it, very much in line with what dominic raab was saying earlier, that businesses should not be using immigration as an excuse for their failure to invest in people, skills and machinery. and i think there's a saying in politics, don't let a good crisis go to waste. we are seeing a shortage of hgv drivers, some empty shelves, queues at petrol stations, but what the prime minister is going to be arguing is that this is simply, if you like, a temporary blip, that people keep their eyes on the horizon, we are moving to a high skilled, high economy, betterjobs for british people, and, if you like, this is a temporary transition. what others will say is if there are any higher wages going to delivery drivers, it is not because of productivity gains, it's not because of any increase in skills, it is simply due to an old—fashioned labour shortage. that is what is annoying some of the conservative�*s own supporters in the business world. this conference hasn't simply been about the economy. yesterday, priti patel said she wanted to do more to keep women safe from violence. today, the justice secretary was asked if misogyny should be made a hate crime. i misogyny should be made a hate crime. ~' ., ., , crime. i think we have often seen in the criminal— crime. i think we have often seen in the criminaljustice _ crime. i think we have often seen in the criminaljustice system, - crime. i think we have often seen in the criminaljustice system, over. the criminaljustice system, over decades, — the criminaljustice system, over decades, people trying to legislate away what is an enforcement problem. i think_ away what is an enforcement problem. i think insults and misogyny is of course _ i think insults and misogyny is of course absolutely wrong, whether it is a man_ course absolutely wrong, whether it is a man against a woman, or a woman against— is a man against a woman, or a woman againsta— is a man against a woman, or a woman againsta man. — is a man against a woman, or a woman against a man, but i don't think that— against a man, but i don't think that will— against a man, but i don't think that will tackle the problem in cases— that will tackle the problem in cases like the sarah everard case, which _ cases like the sarah everard case, which is _ cases like the sarah everard case, which is very serious and we take very— which is very serious and we take very seriously, or the wider challenge of getting more prosecutions through to a successful conviction, _ prosecutions through to a successful conviction, violence against women girls _ conviction, violence against women uirls. , , . .,.,, girls. interestingly, dominic raab takin: girls. interestingly, dominic raab taking some _ girls. interestingly, dominic raab taking some stick _ girls. interestingly, dominic raab taking some stick on _ girls. interestingly, dominic raab taking some stick on social- girls. interestingly, dominic raabi taking some stick on social media this morning for that line, essentially saying that misogyny is men against women or women against men. of course, hatred of women is the dictionary definition of misogyny. clearly, the main political point he was making is that the government has enough on the statute books to deal with this problem, he believes. what we are going to hear is not a lot of policy announcements, we are going to hear far more about the direction of travel of the conservative party. dominic raab, of course, effectively saying that we are going to take a tougher stance when it comes to secreting crimes. borisjohnson saying that he will be concentrating on people's priorities, their everyday lives, perhaps short—term difficulties, but in the longer term he will be saying that the conservatives can deliver a higher wage economy. also talking about the classic catchphrase of his, levelling up. you say is that people should not be geographically fated to be poorer than others, just depend on which part of the country they live in. a lot of argument will be made, a lot of hard, distinct policies. we are going to have to wait perhaps for the budget, before we see those. you wait perhaps for the budget, before we see those-— wait perhaps for the budget, before we see those. ., , . we see those. you very much indeed, iain we see those. you very much indeed, lain watson. — we see those. you very much indeed, iain watson, our _ we see those. you very much indeed, iain watson, our political _ iain watson, our political correspondent at the conservative party conference. the 20—pounds—per—week increase to universal credit is being withdrawn from today. it was brought in to support those on low incomes during the pandemic. the payment is claimed by almost six million people in the uk. borisjohnson has defended the cut, arguing that creating high wage, high skilled jobs was better than putting more money into benefits. but opposition parties and charities have warned that hundreds of thousands of people will be plunged into poverty. our social affairs correspondent michael buchanan reports. nicola flower used to work three jobs — as a seamstress, cleaner and shop assistant — until she was diagnosed with breast cancer two years ago. side effects of different treatments have weakened her body. the cut to universal credit is consuming her mind. i might have to wear more clothes, not have the heating on so much. i'm really worried about the joint situation because when it's colder you can feel it. i've noticed it the past couple of days, the difference. i'm going to need the heating on to keep myjoints warm. cornwall have some of the poorest—insulated homes in england, so the recent rise in energy prices will hit hard. a largely low—wage seasonaljobs market adds to the difficulties tens of thousands of people will face coping with the £20—a—week cut. unfortunately i lost myjob because i was cycling and hit by a car, fractured my leg. so i was on crutches. harriet duffy worked for a charity as a fundraiser. now harriet and her four—month old son noah, are living in temporary accommodation — life completely up—ended. i have no access to laundry facilities and things like this so at the moment i am using launderettes and living basically off microwave meals and things like that. so obviously that comes at an expense. and losing that extra sort of bit of income will be devastating. completely aware that this hasn't always been part of universal credit and it was only supposed to be temporary during covid but a lot of people have become reliant on it during this time. it's notjust the people on universal credit who are going to feel the impact of the cuts. the money they get, they typically spend in their own local economy — in shops, in cafes, on their own high streets — all of these places are going to feel the impact of £20 being cut. at the foodbank in camborne, volunteers expect an increase in demand. historically, cuts to benefits levels have often led to more requests for help. i think the problem is, when you're on a very low income, if you get another £20 a week it's really helpful. but you're never in a situation where you don't need that extra money. the uplift costs about £6 billion a year, and the government say that, with the economy reopening, manyjobs are available, so it's right to remove the temporary uplift. they've also made £500 million available to help the most vulnerable, and they want employers to pay higher wages — as some have — to ease the impact of the cut. michael buchanan, bbc news, cornwall. len shackleton is a professor of economics at the university of buckingham. he's also a research fellow at the free market think tank the institute of economic affairs. charities, unions, opposition parties, queueing up to denounce taking away this uplift in saying it is going to plunge families up and down the land into poverty. what do you say to that? you down the land into poverty. what do you say to that?— down the land into poverty. what do you say to that? you know, there are alwa s you say to that? you know, there are always peeple _ you say to that? you know, there are always peeple badly _ you say to that? you know, there are always people badly hit _ you say to that? you know, there are always people badly hit by _ you say to that? you know, there are always people badly hit by this. - you say to that? you know, there are always people badly hit by this. it - always people badly hit by this. it is moving to hear some of these testimonies. but looking at the bigger picture here, i think universal credit, and benefits generally, ought to be more highly targeted. there are people with real problems as a consequence of losing this £20 per month. but over half, about 60% of all claimants, are single people with no children. and about half of those are not paying rent, because they are living in a household which has other income sources. so i think it needs to be much more targeted than it currently is. there's also the fact that, if we were to keep this 6 billion cost here, that would only be part of it. because this would go on a year after year. furthermore, there were quite a lot of auxiliary benefits which were not given this £20 uplift, things like tax credits, things like contribution —based jobseeker�*s allowance. if you were to make this permanent, i think you would have to uplift those as well, and that would mean about £8 billion, which is baked into welfare state spending forevermore, and much to be operated year after year. i can see where the government is coming from on this. it does need to try to get a grip on public spending, at a time when we are running a budget deficit of probably £150 billion. , , £150 billion. opponents will say, and have said, _ £150 billion. opponents will say, and have said, actually, - £150 billion. opponents will say, and have said, actually, this - £150 billion. opponents will say, | and have said, actually, this goes against everything the prime minister talked about, levelling up. because, you know, the hardest hit in society are being hit again by taking away this uplift? it is in society are being hit again by taking away this uplift? it is true that some very _ taking away this uplift? it is true that some very disadvantaged i taking away this uplift? it is true - that some very disadvantaged groups are being hit by this. we come back to the point that i was making, really, that universal credit is too broad a benefit, really. we need to think carefully about, for example, better support for children, things like this, rather than just a generalised uplift. many of the gains from which are not in that kind of dire financial need, which some of the people we talked to earlier are. some of the people we talked to earlier are-— some of the people we talked to earlier are. ~ i. _ , ., ., earlier are. when you say it is too broad a benefit, _ earlier are. when you say it is too broad a benefit, the _ earlier are. when you say it is too broad a benefit, the original - earlier are. when you say it is too broad a benefit, the original idea| broad a benefit, the original idea with universal credit was that it rolled other welfare benefits into one and it was a more rationalised, streamlined system, more logical. do you not agree with the principle of universal credit? i you not agree with the principle of universal credit?— universal credit? i think anything which saves _ universal credit? i think anything which saves the _ universal credit? i think anything which saves the kind _ universal credit? i think anything which saves the kind of— universal credit? i think anything j which saves the kind of resources which saves the kind of resources which are involved, and i used to work in social services, the forerunner of the dwp, i know about the convocations of this. certainly, the convocations of this. certainly, the principle of universal credit was probably quite a good one. it has taken such a long time to roll—out, which suggests there are real problems with the idea, despite the intuitive appeal of it. the government _ the intuitive appeal of it. the government are _ the intuitive appeal of it. the government are saying that this is, you know, it is a time when they want to wean people off benefits. they want to get people into work. there are lots ofjobs out there, there was a suggestion that, actually, claimants could make up that £20 by going to work for a couple of hours a week extra. what did you make up that claim? weill. did you make up that claim? well, the person — did you make up that claim? well, the person making _ did you make up that claim? well, the person making that _ did you make up that claim? well, the person making that claim - did you make up that claim? fill the person making that claim didn't really understand the benefits system. it would have taken more than two hours of extra work to do this. but to come back to the justification originally, for this £20 uplift, universal credit, one of its chief aims is to try to get people off benefits, get them into work, get them into higher paid work, get them into higher paid work, get them to do more hours a week. this clearly became impossible during lockdown. there was also the situation where many people are on furlough, but not getting the full amount, their employers were not topping up, and universal credit would help here. now, that has changed. we are now back to a situation where we have over1 million vacancies. you know, people can find jobs much more easily than they could have done a year ago. ilen they could have done a year ago. len shackleton, thank you. professor of economics at of buckingham. the headlines on bbc news... boris johnson closes the conservative party conference with a promise his government has more "guts" than any before when it comes to the issues facing society and the economy. the £20—a—week increase to universal credit — claimed by almost 6 million people — comes to an end today. and how a 200 million year dinosaur fossil was discovered in the drawers of the natural history museum. australia and papua new guinea are ending the agreement which has seen asylum seekers sent to papua new guinea instead. rights groups on the united nations previously criticised the hardline asylum process, saying that it turns away migrants from its own shores to be housed in substandard conditions offshore, where many people suffered abuse. from sydney, shamai khalil explained the next steps. the two countries have decided, starting january 2022, papa new guinea will be fully responsible for the regional processing services of the regional processing services of the remaining asylum seekers in the country. they will offer them citizenship, they will offer them permanent settlement packages, and family reunification. if those remaining asylum seekers do not wish to remain in png, they will either be sent to the other place australia detains people trying to reach it by boat, or they could be resettled in a third country. it basically means that australia and png are no longer in a dealfor that australia and png are no longer in a deal for australia to send those asylum seekers to the country. this was, of course, part of the very controversial stop the boats policy got started in 2013. a very hardline policy which meant that anyone trying to get to australia by boat was sent to a detention centre on png. it was criticised by human rights activists, by the un, by the united states, for its harsh conditions. and also for the mental health act that it had on people. this detention centre on manus island has been closed down. it has been almost emptied of the many people there, almost all of them have gone. about 134 asylum seekers remain, and these are the ones which are now going to be processed by png. mario island, that remains another place. but overall, i think it is the beginning of a change, if you will, the australian government giving up one of those regional processing centres in this really controversial policy. the boss of facebook, mark zuckerberg, has hit back at criticism from a former employee turned whistleblower who testified in the us senate. frances haugen said the company's sites and apps have harmed children and fuelled division. mr zuckerberg said the argument that facebook deliberately pushed content that made people angry for profit was illogical. in a blog mr zuckerberg wrote... 0ur north america technology reporterjames clayton has more. eleanor and freya are both 14 and, like many teenagers, they're both on instagram. as a teenager you're looking at these people, like, all these models, and, you know, influencers — they are all very, very skinny and they have, like, a perfect body. and when you're looking at that and then kind of comparing yourself to it, it's, like, very... i think it could be really damaging. when you're, like, feeling at your worst, and then you go on instagram and see things that are, like, targeted at you because you've looked at these kind of things before... you see them, like — yeah, models, influencers, celebrities, things like that and you're just like, "oh, well, i'll never be like that." eleanor and freya's concerns are in fact shared by one rather important company — facebook, which owns instagram. in fact, leaked internal research found that teens who've struggled with mental health say that instagram makes it worse. the woman who leaked that internal report is called frances haugen — yesterday giving evidence in washington. the documents i have provided to congress prove that facebook has repeatedly misled the public about what its own research reveals about the safety of children. she also said that facebook�*s motives were driven by money, rather than the mental health of its users. i saw facebook repeatedly encounter conflict between its own profits and our safety. facebook consistently resolved these conflicts in favour of its own profits. here in silicon valley, facebook has pushed back, saying that some of the research presented is misleading, and despite the fact that instagram concluded that it could be damaging for children's mental health, it also says that it can have a positive impact. reacting to haugen�*s evidence was facebook�*s vice president of content policy, monika bickert. again, any time a single teen is having a bad experience, that's too much. one thing that shows that we are prioritising safety above profit is the very fact that we are asking these hard questions. facebook has said it's postponed a controversial project to create instagram for kids. but it's likely that the social network will face even more scrutiny and greater regulation in the us and further abroad. republicans and democrats don't agree on much, but taking action on facebook is one thing that has broad support. james clayton, bbc news. wales is the latest country to introduce covid passports for nightclubs and events. anyone going to a nightclub or other large events in wales will need a covid pass from next week, to show they have been fully vaccinated or recently tested negative. the measures were voted in by members of the welsh assembly. it was thought the motion wouldn't go through, but a surprise technical hitch meant the opposition failed to block it. tomos morgan has more. in the hour or so before yesterday's vote, plaid cymru pulled out of supporting the welsh labour government's proposals — meaning that the measure was due to fail byjust a single vote. but, come voting time, one conservative ms — who was due to vote against — was unable to log onto zoom to take part. we still have a member who's desperately fighting to get into zoom. and that meant, to some astonishment, the measure passed. from next week in wales, vaccine passes will be required for those attending an indoor non—seating event of more than 500, an outdoor event with no seating with more than 4,000, any event with more than 10,000, and those going to a nightclub. so how will this work in practice? well, despite the first minister suggesting that there would be an app available, like in england, there won't be here in wales. nightclub—goers and event—goers here will have to register through a web—based operating system, one that's been operating for the past three months. they'll begin the process by using their nhs login number and then they'll input whether they've had a double vaccine or a recent negative covid test. the government say event organisers should take reasonable measures to check people are eligible to enter, but anticipate night clubs should be checking everyone. nightclub owners say guidance on enforcement of the proposals are unclear, and there is speculation that the tories could challenge last night's result. tomos morgan, bbc news, cardiff. michael kill is the ceo of the night time industries association which represents businesses in the hospitality and entertainment sectors across the uk. earlier he gave me his reaction to last night's vote. there was a lot of work put into lobbying many of the ministers involved in the vote. somewhat outraged at the fact that one of the tory members was unable to vote and subsequently that tilted the vote in the favour of the government, and we are extremely frustrated with that. we will be working hard this morning to represent to the welsh conservatives, to see if we can get this challenged and push welsh government to look to go to a revote. because this is quite a pivotal position for us. it is going to affect a huge amount of businesses and a huge amount of people's livelihoods. lets talk to thomas morgan again. a technical hitch, but with huge ramifications. what happened in the welsh parliament, and what does it mean for the people of wales? it was mean for the people of wales? it was ruite mean for the people of wales? it was quite astonishing, _ mean for the people of wales? it was quite astonishing, up _ mean for the people of wales? it was quite astonishing, up until _ mean for the people of wales? it was quite astonishing, up until a - mean for the people of wales? it we; quite astonishing, up until a couple of hours before the vote yesterday, it looked like, well, the welsh government only needed one more member of the parliament to agree with the proposalfor member of the parliament to agree with the proposal for it to be voted through. they thought plaid cymru were going to back them. about two hours before the vote, plaid cymru members, is a block, decided they would vote against it. they didn't feel the proposals were going far enough. they feared there was room for exploitation, and really they wanted stronger reforms. so, they were going to vote against it. then it came to the vote, and now, as we know, one memberfor the know, one member for the conservatives, know, one memberfor the conservatives, gareth davies, he was not able to log on to zoom to vote. and that meant, due to the technicality, it was passed, really. so there have been a lot of members, especially on the conservative party and from the groups responsible, from hospitality industry, bemoaning what happened last night and saying that there should be a revote. also saying, should they really look at this hybrid model, having some members of the senedd in person, and others on zoom, because that issue last night had huge ramifications. today, members from many parties are saying, actually, having a revote would be unconstitutional, it would be grossly irresponsible to have another law, and not to support the law. it doesn't look like there will be another vote on the matter. but there will be discussions on this, i'm sure, for some time to come. what it does mean is, from monday, those people going out to nightclubs, going to big events in wales, will need to register online, and produce on the nhs website in wales that they have been double vaccinated, or that they have had a recent negative covid test. you wonder whether _ recent negative covid test. you wonder whether it _ recent negative covid test. you wonder whether it is really going to stoke opposition to this, the fact that there was this kind of bizarre technical hitch, one member who could not get onto zoom? exactly, as i sa , could not get onto zoom? exactly, as isa , i could not get onto zoom? exactly, as i say. i think— could not get onto zoom? exactly, as i say, i think what _ could not get onto zoom? exactly, as i say, i think what will _ could not get onto zoom? exactly, as i say, i think what will come - could not get onto zoom? exactly, as i say, i think what will come from - i say, i think what will come from this is more discussions on the hybrid model, as i mentioned, which is that there is some sort of split due to the covid restrictions. some members in the senedd, cardiff bay, some voting remotely. i spoke to another member yesterday who said that they had problems voting on zoom earlier in the day. so, this is potentially an issue that had already risen. this was a huge vote yesterday, the first one that the welsh government had gone to members of the senedd to get their input on. they hadn't done so in the past when it came to covid relations. they were very close to losing it. in the end, they did win it, but it was via the slight technicality. so, one would imagine that there might be further discussions on this hybrid model, as it has been a huge issue. but there will certainly be debates on this topic, because it is such a divisive one. on this topic, because it is such a divisive one-— on this topic, because it is such a divisive one. yes, an extraordinary event in the _ divisive one. yes, an extraordinary event in the welsh _ divisive one. yes, an extraordinary event in the welsh parliament. - divisive one. yes, an extraordinary i event in the welsh parliament. thank you very much indeed. scientists in france believe they can explain why some people infected with covid—19 develop chilblain—like lesions on their toes and even fingers. they say the phenomenon — known as "covid toe" — is a side effect of the body switching into attack mode to fight off the virus. the lesions are usually relatively painless and go away on their own but for some they can be very sore. scientists have discovered a new species of dinosaur that's related to the fearsome t—rex — but it was about the size of a chicken. the creature, called pendraig milnerae lived more than 200 million years ago in what we now know as south wales it's a discovery that nearly didn't happen because of a filing error, as our science correspondent laura foster reports. it's a killer roughly the size of a chicken, and it existed tens of millions of years before more well—known dinosaurs such as the t—rex and velociraptor came along. it would have had a very narrow and long snout, but otherwise, yeah, a typical theropod — walking on two legs, with a long tail and a mouth full of sharp, serrated teeth. but the clues to its existence have been hidden in the depths of the natural history museum since the 1950s — mistakenly filed alongside crocodile remains. there's not much of the animal. what we have is really fantastically preserved. it's only now the uk's earliest meat—eating dinosaur has been identified. this goes to show how vast the collections of the natural history museum are and we have so many specimens... you know, it's not always straightforward. discoveries like this are rare, but they give us a very important insight into the very early stages of dinosaur evolution. laura foster, bbc news, at the natural history museum in london. and i look at the latest headlines on bbc news... — a look. borisjohnson closes the uk conservative party conference with a promise his government has more "guts" than any before when it comes to the issues facing society and the economy. there has also got to be a question for the workers of this country, particularly those on middle incomes of how they got their wages that they need to deal with the cost of living? and we are absolutely committed to making sure they do. but brexit backing conservative peer and boss of next lord wilson says rising wages won't solve the whole problem and aggressively blaming businesses won't help. i problem and aggressively blaming businesses won't help.— problem and aggressively blaming businesses won't help. i think that that approach _ businesses won't help. i think that that approach leads _ businesses won't help. i think that that approach leads to _ businesses won't help. i think that that approach leads to queues - businesses won't help. i think that that approach leads to queues at l that approach leads to queues at petrol— that approach leads to queues at petrol station and pigs being unnecessarily shot, sol petrol station and pigs being unnecessarily shot, so i don't think it's particularly constructive. the £20—a—week increase to universal credit — claimed by almost 6 million people — comes to an end today. australia is to stop sending asylum seekers to papua new guinea, ending its controversial detention regime in the pacific nation. from next week, anyone who wants to get into a nightclub or a large eventin get into a nightclub or a large event in wales will need a covid pass tech show they have been fully vaccinated or that they have been recently tested negative — to show. and how a 200 million year old set of dinosaurfossils was and how a 200 million year old set of dinosaur fossils was discovered in the drawers of the natural history museum. the uk's media regulator, 0fcom, has set out new rules for video platforms like tiktok, twitch and snapchat. it's to get rid of racist content and child sexual abuse or terrorism. 0fcom research from last year found that a third of video—sharing platform users have witnessed or experienced hateful content. let's get more details from dame melanie dawes, 0fcom's chief executive. thank you very much indeed for being with us. tell us more about the kind of content that this is designed to stop. of content that this is designed to sto -. . ~ of content that this is designed to sto. ., ~' ,, of content that this is designed to sto. ., ,, i. ., of content that this is designed to sto, ., ~' y., ., ., stop. thank you for inviting me on. so, we stop. thank you for inviting me on. so. we are — stop. thank you for inviting me on. so, we are announcing _ stop. thank you for inviting me on. so, we are announcing new- stop. thank you for inviting me on. so, we are announcing new rules . so, we are announcing new rules today for video sharing platforms, as you were saying and if these are hugely popular, particularly with children and young people and we know that, in fact, 97% of 5—15 —year—olds are using them, often quite frequently. and while they bring amazing benefits, we do know you can quite easily come across hateful or violent or inappropriate videos online. in fact, when we talk to young people, 12 to 15—year—olds, half of them say they had some form of negative experience in the past year. so what our new rules will say is that platforms need to have clear rules on how content is uploaded. they need to enforce those rules properly. they need proper compliance and reporting, so if you see something you are worried about, you know where to go. and, finally, video sharing platforms that host aduu video sharing platforms that host adult material, pornographic material, must put in place age verification so under 18s are protected. fir verification so under 18s are protected-— verification so under 18s are protected. verification so under 18s are rotected. ., ., ., protected. or what? you are saying these are the _ protected. or what? you are saying these are the rules _ protected. or what? you are saying these are the rules but _ protected. or what? you are saying these are the rules but two - protected. or what? you are saying these are the rules but two people| these are the rules but two people break the rules, what are the punishments?— break the rules, what are the punishments? break the rules, what are the unishments? ~ ., , ., punishments? what we will be doing it ofcom, punishments? what we will be doing it 0fcom, this _ punishments? what we will be doing it ofcom, this is _ punishments? what we will be doing it ofcom, this is a _ punishments? what we will be doing it ofcom, this is a new _ punishments? what we will be doing it ofcom, this is a new regime - punishments? what we will be doing it ofcom, this is a new regime and l punishments? what we will be doing it ofcom, this is a new regime and i | it 0fcom, this is a new regime and i should say, we think, this is the first in the world to be doing this because the government moved really fast last year to put this system in place so we are up and running before any country in europe, other countries will be following us in the years to come, and because this is now in law, it means 0fcom will be going in and talking to every platform under our remit now about what systems and processes they have got in place and we will be asking them to have questions about whether or not those are adequate for the task, given the number of young people many of the platforms have on their sites. we will be publishing a really big report on this next year which will be the first of its kind that looks across the whole system and, if we see there are problems, we have the ability to fine companies and to take other steps to come you know, make sure that they do the right thing. {lilia come you know, make sure that they do the right thing.— do the right thing. ok, you said under your— do the right thing. ok, you said under yourjurisdiction, - do the right thing. ok, you said under yourjurisdiction, and - do the right thing. ok, you said| under yourjurisdiction, and that do the right thing. ok, you said i under yourjurisdiction, and that is people like tiktok and snapchat, but it excludes people like youtube and facebook, can you explain why? this is 'ust facebook, can you explain why? this is just about — facebook, can you explain why? this isjust about the _ facebook, can you explain why? try 3 is just about the particular way the legislation is set up, it is an eu bit of law, actually, and it means that facebook and google, youtube, will be under irish jurisdiction but it still means that, in the uk, we have tiktok, snapchat, twitch, quite a lot of platforms that are very widely used by children and young people, as well as quite a lot of aduu people, as well as quite a lot of adult sites which are about video content. i adult sites which are about video content. ., , ., _ , ., content. i mean, you might say you are the first — content. i mean, you might say you are the first to _ content. i mean, you might say you are the first to do _ content. i mean, you might say you are the first to do this _ content. i mean, you might say you are the first to do this but - content. i mean, you might say you are the first to do this but a - content. i mean, you might say you are the first to do this but a lot - are the first to do this but a lot of people will be saying this kind of people will be saying this kind of content has been around for a long time, why haven't you done this before? i long time, why haven't you done this before? ~ ., , ., long time, why haven't you done this before? ~ . , . . before? i think that is a fair question- — before? i think that is a fair question. we _ before? i think that is a fair question. we have - before? i think that is a fair question. we have seen - before? i think that is a fair. question. we have seen huge before? i think that is a fair- question. we have seen huge growth in the online platforms over the last few years, not just video sharing platforms but instagram, facebook and others and i think a lot of countries across the world are asking themselves the question, you know, how do we tackle this? how do we regulate this and keep the benefits, keep the innovation but also make sure there isn't harm that causes real issues for too many people? so the government is actually bringing forward a bigger framework yearfor the actually bringing forward a bigger framework year for the future, this is just the beginning framework year for the future, this isjust the beginning and, in 0fcom, we are starting out with a video sharing platforms, but it will build and grow over time.— sharing platforms, but it will build and grow over time. thank you very much indeed. _ and grow over time. thank you very much indeed, dame _ and grow over time. thank you very much indeed, dame melanie - and grow over time. thank you very | much indeed, dame melanie dawes, 0fcom chief executive. france has urged the european union to take strong action against the uk in a dispute over post—brexit fishing licenses. the french minister has threatened that bilateral cooperation between the countries could be at risk. it's a slippery issue, and one with a troubled history. fishing rights for european boats in uk waters were a key stumbling block in the brexit negotiations. and the situation has not been eased in the post—agreement world. paris is infuriated by london's refusal to grant what it considers as the full number of licences due to french fishing boats, allowing them to operate in british territorial waters. "great britain does not respect its own signature," says the prime minister, adding he will bring the matter before the eu council to demand intervention. and not only that... translation: i say this solemnly, l in front of you, we will question l all the conditions of the agreements reached under the supervision of the european union, and also, if needs be, we will question bilateral collaborations that we have with the united kingdom in multiple domains. such domains could include agreements between the two countries on energy, trade, borders, travel links or security. his words went down well with french lawmakers still angry over the uk's role in the security pact with australia and the us, that sidelined france. britain has denied that it's not been playing fair, saying that the fishing boats they rejected had not submitted the required evidence proving that they had fished in british waters before brexit. not always an easy task, especially for smaller boats. lord frost, the uk's brexit minister, denied the charges, saying that london had, in fact, been extremely generous to eu requests. arguments about fishing rates look set to rights look set to continue for some time, putting considerable pressure on an already strained relationship. gail maclellan, bbc news. the tensions over taiwan have been raised between president biden and the chinese leader, xijinping. mr biden said they'd agreed to maintain the current status, with the us not recognising taiwanese independence, and beijing not seeking to take the island by force. european union leaders are meeting in slovenia, and having tough discussions on europe's place in the world, as they seek unity on how to deal with superpowers china and the united states. it's the first eu gathering sincejune — and the chaotic withdrawal from afghanistan was also on the agenda. courtney bembridge reports. still smarting from a secret submarine deal between the us, australia and the uk, emmanuel macron told reporters that europe needs to consider its independence. translation: technologically, industrially, economically, - financially and also militarily, we must build a stronger europe. you know that is what i deeply believe in, a europe which takes its share for itself and which can choose its partners and work closely with historical allies. i am with the president of france... the biggest of those historical allies is the us. but things have been frosty since it signed a military pact which meant australia backed out of the lucrative submarine deal with france. on tuesday, the us secretary of state anthony blinken was in paris. he is the first american official to meet the french president since the row and he spoke to french tv. he speaks french. translation: we could have, we should have done better. in terms of communication. this is what president biden and president macron said when they spoke two weeks ago. but, above all, we sometimes tend to take for granted such an important relationship, a relationship as deep as the one between france and at the us. president macron was less enthusiastic. we will see. ijust believe in facts. i do hope, i do think it's feasible. i do think it's more productive for both of us. i will see. and i think we still are to discuss together mid—0ctober. we will catch up during the g20. and i think it will be the right occasion to see how we can re—engage. the president of the european council, charles michel, also stressed the need for europe to act in a more autonomous way. after the recent developments in afghanistan, with china in the indo—pacific, it's very clear, it's important to develop what i call the collective intelligence of the eu. first, we listen to each other, we listen to different arguments around the table and we try to co—operate and co—ordinate and, again, unity is a very strong european asset. that unity has often proved elusive, with disagreement within the bloc on how to deal with china and previous failures in coordinating common foreign and military policies. there will be plenty to talk about around the table. courtney bembridge, bbc news. the governor of california has once again called for an end to offshore drilling, following last week's massive oil spill off the southern coast of the state. gavin newsom said the spill underlined the need to end america's dependence on fossil fuels. from southern california, david willis reports. it's known as surf city, a 13—mile stretch of coastline that's come to define the california dream. now, though, the soft, sandy beaches have been disfigured by large black puddles of oil, after a ruptured offshore pipeline sent thousands of gallons of crude spewing into the sea. normally a mecca for sun worshippers, the huntington beach shoreline is now closed to tourists and is likely to stay that way until cleaning crews have finished removing thick globs of oil from the sand and rescuing imperilled birds and wildlife. at this time, we have recovered eight live birds that appear to be oiled, including three western grebes, an american coot and, as you know, one brown pelican that succumbed to chronic injuries. questions are being asked about why it took the texas—based company amplify energy, which owns the pipeline, 12 hours to report the spillage following complaints from local residents of a foul smell in the area. amplify says the pipeline could have been severed by the anchor of a passing ship. logjams resulting from the covid pandemic have led to an unusually high number of container vessels stationed offshore, as they wait to berth at local ports. california's governor has declared a state of emergency in the area and, after meeting local emergency workers, he reiterated a call for an end to offshore drilling. this is part of our past and we can moralise and talk about the good old days, we can talk about how important these rigs have been to the prosperity of this country and the middle class, but, at the end of the day, this is about the stale air of normalcy versus the fresh air of progress. officials are now using containment booms, floating barriers that help contain the spread of oil, in a bid to prevent more of it from washing up on the beach. but the spill has already brought boating and fishing in the area to a halt and closed one of the country's most popular stretches of coastline to visitors. david willis, bbc news, southern california. the headlines... borisjohnson closes the uk conservative party conference with a promise his government has more "guts" than any before when it comes to the issues facing society and the economy. the £20—a—week increase to universal credit — claimed by almost six million people — comes to an end today. australia is to stop sending asylum seekers to papua new guinea, ending its controversial detention regime in the pacific nation. the nobel prize for chemistry is about to be chemistry is about to be announced in stockholm. we will show you the scene live, where we are going to get the announcement in the next few minutes for the nobel chemistry prize and there are lots of options. could be a breakthrough in dna sequences, innovative gas storage, nano crystals or a second chance for the mrna covid—19 vaccine developers. the winner or winners of the prestigious nobel prize in chemistry about to be unveiled any moment now in stockholm. and we can get a bit more on this, we can talk to philip broad with whojoins more on this, we can talk to philip broad with who joins us now and he will guide us through what might happen at this award ceremony in the stair stockholm, talk us through the runners and riders? the nominations for the prize — runners and riders? the nominations for the prize are _ runners and riders? the nominations for the prize are extremely _ for the prize are extremely secretive, so we can't get a really goodidea secretive, so we can't get a really good idea of who the nobel prize committee are really looking at but there are a lot of people tipped to win nobel prizes, particularly this year, the mrna vaccines, so one of the prime kind of inventors of that technology, drew wiseman in the us, developing the ways to stabilise mrna to put it in this form of vaccine, that is a hot tip, not really being considered before, but there have been various that have been tipped for a long time, like metal organic frameworks, a whole class of materials that are extremely porous, good for separating or trapping gases. 0ne separating or trapping gases. one that has been in the running for a while is bioorthagonal, a way of chemistry inside the body that doesn't interfere with the body's systems and that gives us huge amounts of how biochemicals work — information about. sugars and proteins and how they are recognised by the immune system and that kind of thing, really fascinating chemistry and really has massive applications in terms of medicine, in terms of understanding how our bodies work. in the same kind of vein, bio inorganic chemistry, that is kind of the idea of chemistry that involves metals inside our bodies. some of the most important catalytic enzymes have metals at their centres, for example, with the transportation of oxygen or the systems that convert nitrogen into a usable form for plants in bacteria, so the bacterial systems that nitro fire and take out nitrogen from the air and turn fire and take out nitrogen from the airand turn it fire and take out nitrogen from the air and turn it into something that plans can use, or use metals... here they come. — plans can use, or use metals... here they come, philip, so _ plans can use, or use metals... here they come, philip, so let's _ plans can use, or use metals... here they come, philip, so let'sjust - they come, philip, so let'sjust listen in. they come, philip, so let's 'ust listen in. , ., , , listen in. they are 'ust putting their nametag _ listen in. they are just putting their nametag said _ listen in. they are just putting their nametag said now. - good morning and welcome to the royal swedish academy of sciences and this press conference about the nobel prize in chemistry. it is good to see so many familiar faces here today and let me also extend a special welcome to all of you that are watching this press conference on the intranet or on tv. i am your announcement, the secretary general of the academy and with me are two members of the nobel committee for chemistry. the academy met in session this morning again to decide on the nobel prize in chemistry and we are now ready to announce the result to you and to the world. i will read the announcement first in swedish, then in several other languages. then there will be comments on behalf of the nobel committee and an explanation behind the discoveries of the prize. this year's nobel prize is about an ingenious tool for building molecules. he speaks swedish. a the royal swedish academy of sciences has today decided to award the 2021 bel nobel prize in chemistryjointly the 2021 bel nobel prize in chemistry jointly to the 2021 bel nobel prize in chemistryjointly to benjamin list and david mcmillan for the development of asymmetric organo— catalysis. development of asymmetric organo- catal sis. ~ ., catalysis. well, there we are, benjamin _ catalysis. well, there we are, benjamin list _ catalysis. well, there we are, benjamin list and _ catalysis. well, there we are, benjamin list and david - catalysis. well, there we are, - benjamin list and david mcmillan. let's go back to philip, business editor of chemistry world, talk us through exactly why they have won this year's nobel prize for chemistry. this year's nobel prize for chemistry-— this year's nobel prize for chemistry. this year's nobel prize for chemist . , , ., ., ., chemistry. this is not one of the hotly -tipped — chemistry. this is not one of the hotly -tipped prizes _ chemistry. this is not one of the hotly -tipped prizes but - chemistry. this is not one of the hotly -tipped prizes but it - chemistry. this is not one of the hotly -tipped prizes but it is - chemistry. this is not one of the hotly -tipped prizes but it is a i hotly —tipped prizes but it is a fantastic area of organic chemistry, we are talking about making organic molecules, the kind of molecules that are based on carbon, nitrogen, the kind of molecules that we have in our bodies and interact strongly and these two guys had developed very interesting ways of doing that, there are two ways of doing this, it is asymmetric and it is organo— catalysis. the asymmetric part mean some of these molecules are handed, if you think we have a left—hand and right—hand, and you can't make them the same, you can't put them over each other and make them the same, but some molecules have the same property, they have a three dimensional shape that is not superimposed, they are mirror image forms of each other and those mirror image forms can have very different fx in terms of their chemistry, they can be used to control other reactions to make them asymmetric and they will interact with our bodies because almost all of our biomolecules also have this handedness, so asymmetric catalysis is extremely important if we are talking about making drugs, making biological molecules. the organic catalysis part of this, a lot of catalysis part of this, a lot of catalysis you would use a metal, palladium or gold or a whole variety of different metals you can use but what list and macmillan have done is do the same thing but using organic molecules, without the metal. i’m molecules, without the metal. i'm sure we could talk all day about this, but a huge knowledge there, i feel like i havejust sat this, but a huge knowledge there, i feel like i have just sat through an a—level chemistry lesson. feel like i have just sat through an a-level chemistry lesson.- a-level chemistry lesson. sorry, i not ruite a-level chemistry lesson. sorry, i got quite excited, _ a-level chemistry lesson. sorry, i got quite excited, it _ a-level chemistry lesson. sorry, i got quite excited, it is _ a-level chemistry lesson. sorry, i got quite excited, it is quite - got quite excited, it is quite closely related to my phd! taste got quite excited, it is quite closely related to my phd! we love our closely related to my phd! we love your excitement, _ closely related to my phd! we love your excitement, thank _ closely related to my phd! we love your excitement, thank you - closely related to my phd! we love your excitement, thank you so - closely related to my phd! we love. your excitement, thank you so much for talking us through that. let's talk about another prize now... the riba stirling prize, for britain's best new building, will be announced next week — in a live programme here on the bbc news channel. the shortlist includes an eco—friendly mopsque in cambridge, a boat museum in the lake district and a university building in south—west london. over the coming few days, we'll be looking at each of the six buildings on the shortlist. today is the turn of 15 clerkenwell close, a mixed—use office and residential building in central london. 0n construction, its limestone facade proved controversial — with the local council initially calling for the building's demolition, a decision later overturned on appeal. people might look at this building and think, oh, it's completely modern and contemporary, i've never seen anything like it. but, actually, the building methodology is as old as the megalithic architects, builders. my name is amin taha, i am chairman of groupwork, a firm of architects. we are in 15 clerkenwell close. it's a mixed—use building, it has office space in it and residential. this building is in many ways differentiated from others by the stone exoskeleton. the whole building is held up by stone alone, but, at the same time, it's going to be the externalfinish. what's it going to look like? what's the actual appearance of it? as we were visiting the quarries to decide what tone of limestone we might choose, the quarry master erected a column for us as a sample of what this might look like. next to that was what's called a master block, which is extracted from the quarry. it had fossils, ammonite shells, fossilised coral, all over the surface. that is the expression not only of the material itself, but also the process, the skill of the quarry master and the stonemason, expressed in the material and therefore the architecture. the advantages of an exoskeleton are the internal structure. that flexibility at the moment is a series of moving walls and doors. those doors can slide across and subdivide a larger room into smaller ones, which essentially means that, whatever you lay out internally for today, can be removed tomorrow. i think one of the beauties of the apartments as a whole is the scale of the reception space, the way the sound works, the relationship to the outside. you can stand on the balcony and have a drink of a summer's evening. every modern building in the uk that has a flat roof needs what is called a biodiverse roof today. you plant some grasses, some wild flowers, you might place logs, etc, in the hope of attracting some sorts of insects. you watching bbc news. a barn owl is said to be recovering well after it found itself in a sticky situation while out hunting in devon. the unfortunate bird is believed to have chased a mouse into a bucket of molasses on a farm, but promptly got stuck. it's now recovering after being saved, fed and kept warm. let's ta ke let's take a look at the latest weather, here is carol. hello, again. today's weather is much quieter than yesterday. mind you, that wouldn't be too difficult, we are looking at a drier and brighter conditions but there is still some rain in the forecast. yesterday's low pressure moving away into the north sea, the gusts we have currently easing and then we have currently easing and then we have the next system coming in from the atlantic. still some cloud down the east coast, we will hold onto it for east anglia and ascites but the win should ease, some dry weather and sunshine but the cloud building out to the west with a few showers in the south—west, the wind strengthening and rain arriving across northern ireland. temperatures today, 11—17. as we head on to the evening and overnight, once again we start with clear skies but our first weather front moves northwards and eastwards, taking rain with it, cloud across england and wales and our second weather front comes in, bringing more rain across northern ireland and western scotland. as a result, it's not going to be a cold night except for in the far south—east, where we hang on to clearer skies. this weather front is with us for the next few days. if you look at the colours on the chart, it indicates we are looking at higher temperatures until the front sinks southwards, it is a cold front sinks southwards, it is a cold front and back to business as usual on sunday. thursday, a lot of cloud around, some dampness on the hills and coasts in the west, the front bringing rain across northern ireland and scotland, blustery as well and temperatures widely16—21 degrees, so unseasonably warm for this stage in october. as we head into friday, we start with some low cloud, some mist and fog in central southern areas, it will be a mild start, a bit of cloud around once again but more sunshine than on thursday and still rain across parts of scotland and northern ireland, temperatures still widely above where they should be at this time of year. into saturday, still fairly cloudy in the south, some brighter breaks, the weather front sinking south has a weak feature will produce rain and then we start to see something fresher behind it, 14 in stornoway, 18, may be 19 as we pushed down into southern england and south wales. sunday itself, the front eventually clears, we are all in clearer conditions and it is looking more changeable into the new working week. this is bbc news. the headlines at 11. boris johnson will close the uk conservative party conference with a promise his government has the guts to reshape the economy towards a model of high wages and controlled immigration. there's also got to be a question for the workers for this country, in particularly those on low and middle incomes, of have they got wages that they need to deal with the cost of living and we're absolutely committed to making sure that they do. but brexit backing conservative peer and next boss lord wolfson says a rise in wages won't solve the whole problem and aggressively blaming business doesn't help. i think that approach leads to queues at petrol stations and pigs being unnecessarily shot. so i don't think that's particularly constructive approach. in the next half hour, borisjohnson will be delivering his speech at the conservative party conference in manchester. the £20—a—week increase to universal credit — claimed by almost 6 million people — comes to an end today. from next week, anyone who wants to get into a nightclub or large event in wales will need a covid pass to show they've been fully vaccinated or recently tested negative. and how a two hundred million year old dinosaurfossil was discovered in the drawers of the natural history museum. good morning and welcome to bbc news. uk prime minister boris johnson will close the conservative party conference today by declaring that his government has the ”guts" to deal with issues in the economy and society that he says have been dodged by previous administrations. against a backdrop of labour shortages and warnings of empty supermarket shelves at christmas, the prime minister will pledge to move the uk towards high wage, high skill employment. 0ur political correspondent, nick eardley, reports. this is fantastic. borisjohnson looks like he's enjoying himself. the conservatives worship him as an election winner. he promises them he's going to rewire the economy. but today the prime minister is also speaking to the country. and it's against a backdrop that makes some nervous — rising prices, a reduction in universal credit, problems with deliveries which could last for weeks. today mrjohnson will argue the economy needs to change — and that previous governments didn't have the guts to do it. he'll accuse his predecessors — which, remember, includes conservatives — of drift and dither. as he told breakfast yesterday, he wants to move away from immigration, towards higher wages and better conditions. borisjohnson will also talk about his big idea — levelling up — telling delegates it can take pressure off what he'll call "the overheating southeast of england", and offer opportunity to areas where people are left behind. it's a pitch of a better economy to come, but with very real pressures for many now — and more expected over the winter months — some will be looking for immediate action, too. borisjohnson is boris johnson is due borisjohnson is due to speak at 11:30am. we will bring you his speech in full here on bbc news so stay tuned for that. earlier the justice secretary dominic raab emphasised the importance of a move to high skilled, high wage employment in the uk. we bounce back and build back stronger from this terrible pandemic, we've got the number ofjobs and the economy rising, economic growth coming back at a fair lick. wages are also rising, if you look at the latest data. but we've got to make sure that we have an economy which is high skill, high wage, so that people can afford to deal with the cost of living, and not overly reliant on the easy addiction to cheap, unskilled labour from abroad. meanwhile the brexit supporting conservative peer, lord wolfson — who's chief executive of the next fashion chain says there's "real panic & despondency" in the restaurant, hotel and care industries about labour shortages. in an interview with the bbc�*s nick robinson — he hit back against borisjohnson's claim yesterday that business needs a shock to get it off its reliance on foreign labour. i think that approach leads to queues at petrol stations so i don't think that is a particularly constructive approach. i think a much more constructive approach is to say, well, if we think the problem is that businesses are bringing in people because they are cheap, then let's make them more expensive. so that business can bring in the labour that it desperately needs, but there will always be a huge incentive to employ people in the uk if those people are available. and so, rather than try and solve this problem with people throwing brickbats at each other, we sit down together, work through and design a system that delivers the best of both worlds, that delivers the skills we desperately need in the uk to keep the economy moving. but at the same time, make sure that uk workers are not being undercut or deprived of opportunities that they might otherwise want. we will be live shortly. we are expecting the prime minister plus make speech at half past 11. the £20 per week increase to universal credit is being withdrawn from today. it was brought in to support those on low incomes during the pandemic. the payment is claimed by almost six million people in the uk. borisjohnson has defended the cut, arguing that creating �*high wage, high skilled' jobs was better than putting more money into benefits. but opposition parties and charities have warned that hundreds of thousands of people will be plunged into poverty. 0ur social affairs correspondent michael buchanan reports. nicola flower used to work three jobs — as a seamstress, cleaner and shop assistant — until she was diagnosed with breast cancer two years ago. side effects of different treatments have weakened her body. the cut to universal credit is consuming her mind. i might have to wear more clothes, not have the heating on so much. i'm really worried about the joint situation because when it's colder you can feel it. i've noticed it the past couple of days, the difference. i'm going to need the heating on to keep myjoints warm. cornwall have some of the poorest—insulated homes in england, so the recent rise in energy prices will hit hard. a largely low—wage seasonaljobs market adds to the difficulties tens of thousands of people will face coping with the £20—a—week cut. unfortunately i lost myjob because i was cycling and hit by a car, fractured my leg. so i was on crutches. harriet duffy worked for a charity as a fundraiser. now harriet and her four—month old son noah, are living in temporary accommodation — life completely up—ended. i have no access to laundry facilities and things like this so at the moment i am using launderettes and living basically off microwave meals and things like that. so obviously that comes at an expense. and losing that extra sort of bit of income will be devastating. completely aware that this hasn't always been part of universal credit and it was only supposed to be temporary during covid but a lot of people have become reliant on it during this time. it's notjust the people on universal credit who are going to feel the impact of the cuts. the money they get, they typically spend in their own local economy — in shops, in cafes, on their own high streets — all of these places are going to feel the impact of £20 being cut. at the foodbank in camborne, volunteers expect an increase in demand. historically, cuts to benefits levels have often led to more requests for help. i think the problem is, when you're on a very low income, if you get another £20 a week it's really helpful. but you're never in a situation where you don't need that extra money. the uplift costs about £6 billion a year, and the government say that, with the economy reopening, manyjobs are available, so it's right to remove the temporary uplift. they've also made £500 million available to help the most vulnerable, and they want employers to pay higher wages — as some have — to ease the impact of the cut. michael buchanan, bbc news, cornwall. i will soon be speaking to karen isaac, she lost herjob in retail three years ago after being in a car accident and receives universal credit. this is boris johnson this is borisjohnson and his wife leaving their hotel. it is manchester, not succumb. they are heading to the conference centre. she spoke last night at an lgbt event and spoke of her and her husband's support for the lgbt community and he has his big speech today. he gave media interviews yesterday, trailing what he is going to be saying today, talking about the importance of high skill, high wage, high productivity economy. it is a message that has been echoed this morning by dominic raab, who has been out doing the morning interviews, no doubt to leave boris johnson those last moments to prepare for the speech to the conservative party conference. we certainly know the flavour of what he is going to be saying. he is due to speak in 20 minutes and we expect he will probably speak for about 40 minutes or so. let's get more on this from our political correspondent iain watson. this message has been getting louder and clearer to the course of the conference which is that their goal is to move the uk to a high wage, high skill, high productivity economy. how clear is it what that looks like? it is not entirely clear yet, actually. borisjohnson walked right behind us into the conference hall. he is walking into a specially built auditorium just for him. it is a ratherflimsy built auditorium just for him. it is a rather flimsy auditorium that the ministers have been speaking from but he will be on a much bigger stage and i think that in a sense symbolises the message. it is all about the big picture, what we have further down the line. if you want to sum it up, i guess he will be telling people in the audience to look at the stars not down at the gutter, in other words there are a whole range of problems with the economy at the moment, the shortage of hgv drivers, queues at petrol pumps, but he will be saying that this is a transitional phase almost away from a low wage, high immigration economy to a high wage, high skill economy in due course. i think the trouble is that at the moment if wages are going up, for example for delivery drivers, it is simply because of a labour shortage, not because of higher productivity, not because of higher productivity, not necessarily either because they are getting higher skills. it takes some time to train a workforce and what you have to try to tell people and what was not yet clear is how we get from this situation into the future because away from the conference floor around here at the fringe meetings, a lot of conservative grassroots activists are not at all angry, they are pleased he won the election with a thumping majority but they are a bit concerned about what will happen in the next six months if inflation goes up and the cost of living goes up goes up and the cost of living goes up and universal credit is being cut from today, so they are not quite sure yet what the little impact will be and borisjohnson is very good at rabble rousing and giving the audience a sense of optimism, but i think they will also be looking for some substance to. i am told that the speech will be pretty short on policy because we have a budget coming up in a few weeks and a spending review talking about higher wages and again we expect an announcement in due course, a higher minimum wage but he will not make that from the conference platform. we have to wait from that report from the low pay commission so this is about a sense of direction of travel rather than detailed policy but one thing that seems to be coming out, such as from lord wolfson, is he is incredibly good at taking the credit for things and he is also pretty successful at shifting the blame and some businesses are less than pleased that what we expect to be a section of the speech saying that businesses have used immigration to cover their own failure to invest in people, machinery and skills. some people are saying, hang on, you are the government and you should be doing more to get us through this crisis rather than simply blaming us. thank you. stay there because we will be back with you shortly. we are expecting to hear from the prime minister in 15 minutes or so. lets talk more about universal credit. i mentioned we would be talking to karen isaac. she is here now. she lost herjob in retail after being in a car accident three years ago and gets universal credit. thank you very much forjoining us. at £20 uplift which stops today was temporary. what difference did admit you well it was there?— you well it was there? hello. good morninu. you well it was there? hello. good morning- yes. _ you well it was there? hello. good morning. yes, it _ you well it was there? hello. good morning. yes, it made _ you well it was there? hello. good morning. yes, it made a _ you well it was there? hello. good morning. yes, it made a big - morning. yes, it made a big difference to me because i live rural and i have to rely on oil to heat my house and so unless you pay it off at the end of the financial year, you don't get a delivery basically so that extra £20 helps pay towards that. it is just many things. i mean, there is so much that it covers. £20 is not a lot of money to anyone who is in full—time employment but to someone who is on universal credit, trying to find work, it is a lot. so universal credit, trying to find work, it is a lot.— universal credit, trying to find work, it is a lot. so what choices will ou work, it is a lot. so what choices will you have _ work, it is a lot. so what choices will you have to _ work, it is a lot. so what choices will you have to make _ work, it is a lot. so what choices will you have to make then - work, it is a lot. so what choices will you have to make then once | work, it is a lot. so what choices - will you have to make then once the £20 goes? will you have to make then once the £20 noes? ., ., . ., . , £20 goes? one of the main choices i have made already _ £20 goes? one of the main choices i have made already is _ £20 goes? one of the main choices i have made already is reducing - £20 goes? one of the main choices i have made already is reducing my i have made already is reducing my electricity bill, which they were not very happy with because obviously it will make me owing a lot of money at the end of the term, so that is one thing and i willjust have to reduce the direct debit because at the moment what you get on universal credit doesn't really cover your basic needs anyhow. can ou cover your basic needs anyhow. can you explain — cover your basic needs anyhow. can you explain what you mean by the electricity? are you saying that you will not reduce your consumption but what you are paying so you will effectively accrue a bill?- effectively accrue a bill? both, reall . effectively accrue a bill? both, really- first. — effectively accrue a bill? both, really- first. i— effectively accrue a bill? both, really. first, iwill— effectively accrue a bill? both, really. first, iwill have - effectively accrue a bill? both, really. first, i will have to - effectively accrue a bill? both, i really. first, i will have to reduce which i always do. i am away is very careful with what i use but also it means that i will have to reduce the direct debit because i can't cover the amount that they want. this mornin: , the amount that they want. this morning, dominic _ the amount that they want. this morning, dominic raab was asked about people making a choice between heating and eating and he said that his not so and the best way that people can get out of poverty is to work. i know that you already work in a voluntary capacity. would you want to find a job that would give you an income?! want to find a job that would give you an income?— want to find a job that would give you an income? i have been trying to look for a job — you an income? i have been trying to look for a job for _ you an income? i have been trying to look for a job for a _ you an income? i have been trying to look for a job for a very _ you an income? i have been trying to look for a job for a very long - you an income? i have been trying to look for a job for a very long time. i look for a job for a very long time. i have been working with a charity and i also do voluntary work for them but i am 63. i am 64 in a couple of months. i should be getting my pension anyhow and i have health conditions so it is very difficult to find something and they say go and get these differentjobs. everyone is different and has got different needs and obviously yes i would love a job and to be able to do something. i hate being on universal credit like most people do. we don't want to be on it. but often even though there are all of these jobs there there arent ones to fit. and yes i would do training. i have done some training but you apply forjobs and i think it is because of my age. you don't hear anything. because of my age. you don't hear an hina. ~ , ., because of my age. you don't hear an hina. ., anything. when you say you hate bein: on anything. when you say you hate being on universal _ anything. when you say you hate being on universal credit, - anything. when you say you hatej being on universal credit, tellers anything. when you say you hate l being on universal credit, tellers a bit more about where you feel your life is currently.— life is currently. well, i feel that i have life is currently. well, i feel that i have let _ life is currently. well, i feel that i have let myself _ life is currently. well, i feel that i have let myself down - life is currently. well, i feel that i have let myself down being - life is currently. well, i feel that i have let myself down being on| i have let myself down being on universal credit at my age because my family were never on benefits are anything like that. i am the only one who has been but it is like a pack of cards. i had a car accident coming home from work and itjust has a knock—on effect and that old saying you are only two steps away from being on the street, it is so true and it can happen to so many people and i know that is the case with the work that turn to us do. they have been so many people in what they thought were secure jogs and because of coronavirus and whatnot they are in a similar situation to me. universal credit is for all such of people but i hate being on it. taste for all such of people but i hate being on it— for all such of people but i hate bein: on it. . ., ., ., ., being on it. we are waiting to hear from the prime _ being on it. we are waiting to hear from the prime minister _ being on it. we are waiting to hear from the prime minister at - being on it. we are waiting to hear from the prime minister at the - being on it. we are waiting to hear| from the prime minister at the tory party conference. this cut in universal credit comes on the day that he is addressing the conference. what would you say to him? 0bviously, conference. what would you say to him? obviously, there has been huge amount of pressure on the government to reverse the £20 cut and the government has stood firm. ijust government has stood firm. i 'ust think it is so �* government has stood firm. i 'ust think it is so sad i government has stood firm. i 'ust think it is so sad listening i government has stood firm. inst think it is so sad listening to the stories. it is affecting so many people and i think borisjohnson, i know he has got a job to do and he has got to get back some of the money that was spent over coronavirus but please do not take it from the poorest people, the most needy people. we are the people who should be getting the help and saying there are going to be lots of jobs, we need more than that, we need more support to get into work and that is all sorts of people and he needs to listen to what his country are saying because at the moment he pretends to listen and i relate and think he is. he really hasn't got a clue of what it is like for the normal person in the street. what would help you right now? aha, what would help you right now? job. ijob that i can do because i can't stand for long. i used to be in retail but i can't stand for long because i have fibromyalgia. along with a couple of other things. but i want to be self—sufficient. i don't like to ask for money. i come from a generation where if you could not afford something, you didn't take it. we are very proud and i don't like it at all and that is why i have come on here because there are so many people that you are think were fine are actually not and they are on universal credit but they are keeping their heads down and they are not letting people know and it is such a shame. it is are not letting people know and it is such a shame.— is such a shame. it is interesting listenin: is such a shame. it is interesting listening to _ is such a shame. it is interesting listening to speak— is such a shame. it is interesting listening to speak because - is such a shame. it is interesting listening to speak because when j is such a shame. it is interesting - listening to speak because when you say about the generation that you come from and the fact that you do not like being on universal credit and you want to be working, that is what the government wants to hear and yet you feel trapped under this. the element i do feel trapped. that benefit trap is so true. it is like a domino, when they go down and down and down. it is one thing starts it off, a car accident, and down. it is one thing starts it off, a caraccident, i and down. it is one thing starts it off, a car accident, i tried to do myjob and i couldn't imagine, so i had to give it up. and then you obviously are expected to get a job but the training is limited and at my age, to be honest, working in an office, even. iwould need to my age, to be honest, working in an office, even. i would need to have had many years of experience of that and often women are age weren't given the chance to do these things so i tried to go to university, i got accepted but i could not afford to go. that was a couple of years ago since the accident, to try to better myself, so the support isn't there. i think it is at age 60, but don't quote me, that you can get any support for being at university. so that was that, you know. that was something of a say that the government announced, that if you hadn't previously got a degree or some form of higher education, you could get that, but you don't think that would apply to you even you would like to do it.— would like to do it. well, i don't ofthe would like to do it. well, i don't of the rules _ would like to do it. well, i don't of the rules have _ would like to do it. well, i don't of the rules have changed - would like to do it. well, i don't of the rules have changed but i would like to do it. well, i don't of the rules have changed but a| of the rules have changed but a couple of years ago the cut of point was 60. if you had applied for a degree at 60, you could not do it. i tried but i was a single parent for a while and ijust could not get the child care because there wasn't any funding back in those days and i had to look after my elderly parents, so in my life there have been a lot of goings—on where i have not been able to do it. goings-on where i have not been able to do it. ., ., ~ i. goings-on where i have not been able todo it. ., ., ~ . to do it. karen, thank you so much for coming — to do it. karen, thank you so much for coming on _ to do it. karen, thank you so much for coming on and _ to do it. karen, thank you so much for coming on and speaking - to do it. karen, thank you so much for coming on and speaking so - to do it. karen, thank you so much i for coming on and speaking so openly about your situation. thank you very much. . ~ about your situation. thank you very much. ., ,, i. about your situation. thank you very much. ., ,, _ and there's detailed information about the end of the £20 boost to universal credit on our website where there are also links to providers of free guidance and advice —— including the one mentioned by karen isaac the turn2us charity. we will bring you the speech in full here on bbc news. he is due on stage in the next ten minutes and we were hearing from ian watson that the room has been specially built for him to give his speech. it is larger than the rooms that the cabinet ministers have been giving their speeches in so he is addressing a large, full audience there, as you can see in manchester and we will bring his speech in ten minutes or so as soon as it begins. the headlines on bbc news... boris johnson will close the uk conservative party conference with a promise his government has the guts to reshape the economy towards a model of high wages and controlled immigration. the £20 a week increase to universal credit claimed by almost 6 million people comes to an end today. and how a two hundred million year old dinosaurfossil was discovered in the drawers of the natural history museum. anyone going to a nightclub or other large events in wales will need a covid pass from next week, to show they have been fully vaccinated or recently tested negative. the measures were voted in by members of the welsh parliament. it was thought the motion wouldn't go through, but a surprise technical hitch meant the opposition failed to block it. tomos morgan has more. in the hour or so before yesterday's vote, plaid cymru pulled out of supporting the welsh labour government's proposals — meaning that the measure was due to fail byjust a single vote. but, come voting time, one conservative ms — who was due to vote against — was unable to log onto zoom to take part. we still have a member who's desperately fighting to get into zoom. and that meant, to some astonishment, the measure passed. from next week in wales, vaccine passes will be required for those attending an indoor non—seating event of more than 500, an outdoor event with no seating with more than 4,000, any event with more than 10,000, and those going to a nightclub. so how will this work in practice? well, despite the first minister suggesting that there would be an app available, like in england, there won't be here in wales. nightclub—goers and event—goers here will have to register through a web—based operating system, one that's been operating for the past three months. they'll begin the process by using their nhs login number and then they'll input whether they've had a double vaccine or a recent negative covid test. the government say event organisers should take reasonable measures to check people are eligible to enter, but anticipate night clubs should be checking everyone. nightclub owners say guidance on enforcement of the proposals are unclear, and there is speculation that the tories could challenge last night's result. tomos morgan, bbc news, cardiff. lets ta ke lets take you back to manchester. the audience are getting ready to hearfrom borisjohnson. we see 0liver dowden and we saw carrie johnsonjust a moment 0liver dowden and we saw carrie johnson just a moment ago and rishi sunak. they are gathering as they wait for the prime minister to address the tory party conference. we will be there when he begins. scientists in france believe they can explain why some people infected with covid 19 develop chilblain like lesions on their toes and even fingers. they say the phenomenon known as "covid toe" is a side effect of the body switching into attack mode to fight off the virus. the lesions are usually relatively painless and go away on their own but for some they can be very sore. we speak out to doctor ivan bristow. thank you forjoining us. it is one of those things that we are learning more and more about. tells more about what this condition is and how widespread it is. it about what this condition is and how widespread it is.— widespread it is. it has been a phenomenon _ widespread it is. it has been a phenomenon which _ widespread it is. it has been a phenomenon which we - widespread it is. it has been a phenomenon which we have i widespread it is. it has been a i phenomenon which we have seen widespread it is. it has been a - phenomenon which we have seen rise and initially it was thought to be just like winter chilblains that we normally get in the united kingdom and around the world but it became apparent very quickly that this was apparent very quickly that this was a phenomenon which was closely associated because most people such associated because most people such as children and young adults who tended to get it where exposed to covid infection and consequently there was a lot of debate but it has been generally accepted, as this paper shows, that covid—19 can have this unusual effect of causing chilblains, particularly in young adults and children.— chilblains, particularly in young adults and children. i know you are not of the religious, _ adults and children. i know you are not of the religious, but _ adults and children. i know you are not of the religious, but can - adults and children. i know you are not of the religious, but can you i not of the religious, but can you understand why it might be that it would be children and young adults who would be predominately affected by this? the who would be predominately affected b this? ., y who would be predominately affected b this? ., , , ., , ., by this? the theory is that it is to do with, by this? the theory is that it is to do with. as _ by this? the theory is that it is to do with. as you — by this? the theory is that it is to do with, as you mentioned, - by this? the theory is that it is to do with, as you mentioned, the l do with, as you mentioned, the immune system goes into overdrive actually detection of virus within the system. children and young adults are able to produce a chemical called interferon and it is this being produced in large quantities which has the effect of dampening the viral infection in one of the side—effects of this massive increase of interferon into the system is that within a few days the sufferer then ends up with chilblains, which is a side—effect of this chemical. bud chilblains, which is a side-effect of this chemical.— of this chemical. and does it naturally _ of this chemical. and does it naturally pass _ of this chemical. and does it naturally pass through - of this chemical. and does it naturally pass through or i of this chemical. and does it naturally pass through or is l of this chemical. and does it - naturally pass through or is there a way to treat it? for naturally pass through or is there a way to treat it?— way to treat it? for most people, covid toes _ way to treat it? for most people, covid toes will _ way to treat it? for most people, covid toes will naturally - way to treat it? for most people, covid toes will naturally just - covid toes will naturallyjust subside. they tend to be a symptom later on in the infection and most of the people who tend to have them have mild symptoms are no symptoms at all other than the chilblains and for the large majority of people, they do return to normal and heal within two to three weeks.- within two to three weeks. doctor ivan within two to three weeks. doctor ivan bristow. _ within two to three weeks. doctor ivan bristow, thank _ within two to three weeks. doctor ivan bristow, thank you _ within two to three weeks. doctor ivan bristow, thank you very - within two to three weeks. doctor| ivan bristow, thank you very much forjoining us. we are going to go back to manchester because we are minutes away now from the prime ministers speaking so let's bring in ian watson, who is waiting to hear that speech along with us. we kind of know what he is saying. 0ther likely to be any surprises? there are always surprises with boris johnson but i am not expecting this to be a policy laden speech. it is more about direction of travel and some of the key lines have already been trialled. he is saying that he has the guts to sort out some of the issues which have been subject to delay and dither in years gone by and i think this is quite interesting because he is a master of political reinvention, so his criticisms won't just of political reinvention, so his criticisms won'tjust be of the labour party, the labour opposition now, but of all previous governments, in other words distancing himself from david cameron and theresa may who didn't sort out social care. he says he will plan for that. and what is interesting about that political positioning is you one —— he won many seats from labour from areas which were people who did not see themselves as traditional tory party voters so he think that he can connect with them. he is also optimistic in his approach so there are lots of short—term difficulties, which you will know as you have been queueing up for petrol are trying to find things on the shelves but he will convince people that this is a temporary blip and further down the road there will be a high skill, high wage economy and there will be benefits from brexit which he championed. in the short—term, difficulties are part of the transition to a high skill and high wage economy and he will be talking about his favourite topic, levelling up about his favourite topic, levelling up and says that people should not be fated to be poorer than some people in other parts of the country and he will try to level up and bring investment to areas which feel left behind. all of this is familiar territory and one of the ways in which they will not be a huge amount of policy because there are some big decisions to be taken in the very near future decisions to be taken in the very nearfuture in a decisions to be taken in the very near future in a very formal way in the budget and there will also be a spending review. we are also going to get a report from the low pay commission on the minimum wage which is like that you be going up but borisjohnson will be saying that it is not simply the minimum wage which matters. if you have higher skills, then wages will go up in the long—term. in the short—term, his opponents will be saying that if any wages go up at the moment, such as delivery drivers, it is not because they have higher skills or it is higher productivity, it is because there is a labour shortage and that is the fault of his government. i can hear clapping. let's check that dot—mac no sign of the prime minister. we will pause for a moment. he is in a specially built auditorium. 0n moment. he is in a specially built auditorium. on a much bigger stage and his ministers were in a tiny little area during the week. they are all restricted to five or six minute speeches but they have built a big auditorium here and people were queueing up for most of the morning to try to get into see him so a lot of anticipation and if anything i think he will be for many of the grassroots of the party of course the star attraction. they will be expecting an entertaining speech as well as one that they would hope would be politically inspiring. looking inside the auditorium, it looks as if a video is playing but i think the premise will be coming on and will be expected to speak for about 30 or 40 minutes. this looks like the moment when he is going to appear. there he is. saw the prime minister walking through that specially constructed auditorium, surrounded by the tory party faithful, giving a kiss to his wife, and there is the home secretary priti patel, this is the moment he gives this speech to close the party conference. good morning, everyone. fantastic to see you all here. let's get going, let's get on with the job. it is amazing to be back here in person, and the first time since so many of you worked to defy the sceptics by winning councils and communities that the conservatives have never won in before such as hartlepool, and in fact, it's the first time since the general election of 2019 when we finally sent that corduroy communist cosmonaut into orbit where he belongs. and why is it that we are back today for a traditional conservative first match? it is because for months we have had one of the most open economies and societies, and onjuly the 19th, we decided to open every single theatre and every single concert hall and nightclub in england. —— a traditional conservative cheek—by—jowler. we knew that some people would still be anxious, so we sent top government representatives took nightclubs to show that anyone could dance perfectly safely, and wasn't he brilliant, my friends? let's hear it forjon bon govie, living proof that you all represent the most driving, hip happening and funky party in the world. and how have we managed to open up ahead of so many of our friends? you have we managed to open up ahead of so many of ourfriends? you know have we managed to open up ahead of so many of our friends? you know the answer. it is because of the roll—out of that vaccine. each u0 phenomenon, the magic potion invented an oxford university, bottled in wales, destructed at incredible speeds to vaccination centres everywhere. —— a uk phenomenon. i saw the army firing staple guns as they set up a huge vaccination centre. i saw needles go in like a collective sewing machine. they vaccinated so rapidly that we were able to do those crucial groups one to four, the oldest and most vulnerable, faster than any other major economy in the world. and although the disease has sadly not gone away, the impact on death rates has been astonishing. and i urge you all to get yourjabs, because every day, our vaccine defences are getting stronger and stronger. and all of you, everybody watching, you made this rule out possible. you need each other safer. so perhaps we should all thank each other. go on, try it. applause. try a cautious fist bump. because it is ok now. and we in turn thank the volunteers, the public health workers, the council workers, the pharmacists, but above all, our towering, unbeatable, unbelievable nhs. and as a responsible conservative government, we must recognise the sheer scale of their achievement, but also the scare to luke scale of the challenge ahead. when i was lying in st thomas hospital last year, i looked blearily out of my window at a hole in the ground, between the icu and another much older victorian section, and amid the rubble of brick, they seemed to be digging a hole for something or indeed someone, possibly me, but the nhs says me and the wonderful nurses pulled my chestnuts out of that pit. you said the nhs saved me. i went back for it is at the other day, and i saw that the hole had been filled in with three or four new studies of a gleaming paediatric unit. and there you have a metaphor for how we must build back better now. we have a deficit in the budget, and waiting lists will almost certainly go up before they come down. covid pushed out a great wave of cases. people did not or could not seek help, and that wave is now coming back, a tide of anxiety washing into every a&e and every gp. your hip replacement, your mother's surgery, and this is the priority of the british people. does anyone seriously imagine that we should not now be raising the funding to sort this out? is that you are within view conservatives? i can tell you something, margaret thatcher would not have ignored the meteorite that has just crashed through the public finances. she would have wagged herfinger and said, more borrowing now isjust higher interest rates and even higher interest rates and even higher taxes later. when this country was sick, our nhs was the nurse, front line care workers battled against a new disease selflessly, risking their lives, sacrificing their lives, and it is right that this party which is looked after its nhs for most of its history, should be the one to rise to its challenge. 48 new hospitals, 50,000 more nurses, 50 million more gp appointments, for two new diagnostic centres, and fixing those backlogs with real change, because the pandemic put colossal pressure on the nhs, but was also a lightning flash illumination of a problem we have failed to address for decades. in 1948, this country created the national health service, but kept social care local, which made sense in many ways, but generations of older people have since found themselves lost in the gap. when covid broke, the 100,000 beds in the nhs and 30,000 occupied by people who could have been cared for elsewhere, whether at home or in residential care, and we all know that this problem of delayed discharge is one of the major reasons why it takes too long to get the hospital treatment that your family desperately needs. and people worry that they will be the one in ten to suffer from the potentially catastrophic cost of dementia. wiping out everything they have and preventing them from passing on anything to their families. we conservatives stand by those who have shared our values. thrift and hard work, to face a total destitution in this brutal lottery of old age, in which treatment for cancer is funded by the state, and care for alzheimer's is not, or only partly. and to fix these twin problems of the nhs and social care, we aren'tjust going to siphon billions of new taxes into crucial services without improving performance, we will use new technology so that there is a single set of electronic records as patients pass between health and social, improving care and ensuring that cash goes to the front line and not on needless bureaucracy. when i stood on the steps of downing street, i promised to fix the crisis. this government that got brexit done, that is getting the covid vaccine lab done, it's going to get social care done and we will deal with the biggest underlying issues of our society and our economy, the problem is that the government has had the guts to tackle before, and i'm in the long term structural weaknesses in the uk economy. it is thanks to the vaccine roll—out we now have the most open economy and the fastest growth in the g7. we have unemployment 2 million lower than forecast, demand is social, and i am pleased to say that after years of stagnation, more than a decade, wages are going up, faster than before the pandemic began, and that matters deeply because we are embarking now on a change of direction that has been long overdue in the uk economy. we are not going back to the same old broken model, with low wages, low growth, low skills and low productivity, all of it enabled and assisted by uncontrolled immigration. and the answer to the present stresses and strains, which are mainly a function of growth and economic revival, is not too rich for that same old lever of uncontrolled immigration, to keep wages low. the answer is to control immigration, to allow people of talent to come to this country, but not to use immigration as an excuse forfailure to not to use immigration as an excuse for failure to invest in not to use immigration as an excuse forfailure to invest in people, in skills, then the equipment, the facilities, the machinery. 0r skills, then the equipment, the facilities, the machinery. or in the facilities, the machinery. or in the facilities and machinery they need to do theirjobs. the truck stops, to do theirjobs. the truck stops, to pick an example entirely at random, with basic facilities so you do not have to urinate in the bushes, and that is the direction in which this country is going now, towards a higher wage a high skill high productivity and yes, they are by a low tax economy, that is what the people of this country need and deserve. in which everyone can take pride in their work and in the quality of their work and in the quality of their work. and it'll take time, sometimes it will be difficult, but that was the change that people voted for in 2016, that is the change that people voted for again powerfully in 2019. and to to deliver that change, we will get on with ourjob of uniting and levelling up across the uk. the greatest project that any government can embark on. we have one of the most imbalanced societies and lopsided economies of all the richer countries. it is notjust that there's a gap between london and the south—east and the rest the country, there are 18 gaps within the regions themselves. what monkey glands are themselves. what monkey glands are the applying in ribble valley? what royaljelly the applying in ribble valley? what royal jelly are the the applying in ribble valley? what royaljelly are the eating that they live seven years longer than the people of blackpool, with 33 miles away? why does half of the population of york boast a degree, and only a quarter of doncaster�*s? that is not only a question of socialjustice, it is an appalling waste of potential and is holding this country back. because there is no reason why the inhabitants of one part of the country should be geographically fated to be poorer than others, or why people should feel they have to move away from their loved ones or communities to reach their potential. when thomas gray stood in that country churchyard in 1750 and wrote his famous elegy, he lamented the wasted talent of those buried around him, the flowers borne to blush unseen, the people who never wrote a poem because they never got to read, the simple full crew died illiterate and a new minute, which he knew was an injustice. let me ask you, maybe you know, where was he standing when he chewed his pensive quilt? anybody know? correct, he was standing in stoke. there may be under proposed parts of our country, but stuck poges is not now among them. it is now the eighth richest village in england. it has since levelled up to be one of the most productive regions in europe. stoke poges new store of course have its problems, but they are overwhelmingly caused by the sheer lust of other people to live in or near stoke poges. too little time with the kids, the constant anxiety that you're a memorial view of chalk downland is good to be desecrated by ugly new homes, and that is why levelling up works for the whole country, that is the right and responsible policy because it helps to take pressure off parts of the overheating south—east while simultaneously offering hope and opportunity to those areas that have felt left behind. and let's be clear that there is a huge philosophical difference between us and labour, because in their souls, they don't like levelling up. they like levelling down. they do. they like decapitating the tall poppies and taxing the rich until the pips squeak, they dislike academic competition, and i have seenin academic competition, and i have seen in my own eyes in islington, the like kids to run races when nobody actually wins. and i have to tell you, i don't think that is a good preparation for life, let alone for the olympic games. and if you insist on the economic theory behind levelling up, it is contained in the inside of a 19th—century italian figure who flooded from the cobwebbed attic of my memories, there are all kinds of improvements that you can make to people's lives, he said, without diminishing everyone else. rishi i am sure will confirm this. these improvements are the means of levelling up, and the idea in a nutshell is that you will find talent, genius, flair, imagination, enthusiasm everywhere in this country, all of them evenly distributed, but opportunity is not. and it is our mission as conservatives to promote opportunity with every tool we have. and it is still a grim fact that in this country, it is all about opportunity, but it is still a grim fact that in this country, some kids will grow up in neighbourhoods that are much safer than others, and some will be, as priti patel was the same, some will be sucked into gangs, some will be at risk of stabbing and shooting, some will be called only the one—way ratchet of the criminaljustice system. many others will not. and that means fighting crime, presumably sat on the beat, as we are, toughening sentences, rolling up the county lines drugs networks, as we are, 1100 of them gone already, giving the police the powers they need to fight these dealers in death and misery. that is what we want to do, and what is labour's answer? to decriminalise hard drugs, apparently, to let the gangsters off with a caution, an answer straight from the powder rooms of north london dinner parties, and nothing to do with the real needs of this country. it's true. crime has been falling, and notjust because we took the precaution of locking up the public for much of the last 18 months. but because you have a conservative government that understands the broken windows theory of fighting crime. i read a london article by some lawyer saying we should not bother about pet theft —— learn at article. i said to cruella de vil qc, if you can still a dog or a cat, but there is frankly no limit to your depravity. you know those people gluing themselves to roads, i do not call themselves to roads, i do not call them legitimate protesters, i say they are a confounded nuisance who are blocking ambulances, stopping people going about their daily lives, and i am glad priti is taking new powers to insulate them snugly in the present where they belong. —— in the present where they belong. —— in prison. what i found most incredible of all was the decision by labour, now left by lefty islington lawyers. —— now led. to vote against tougher sentences for serious and violent offenders. and on behalf of the entire government, i tell you this, we will not rest until we have increased the successful prosecutions for rape, because too many... applause. too many lying, bullying, cowardly men are using the law's delay to get a wave of violence against women, and we cannot and will not stand for it. —— to get away with violence against women. i know some tell us that we are being ungenerous and unfeeling in our attempts to control our borders, and i say, don't give me that, this is the government that stood up to try and announced we would provide a haven for british overseas nationals from hong kong, 30,000 have already applied, and i am proud to be part of a conservative government that will welcome 20,000 afghans, people who risk their lives to guide and translate for us, we are doing the right and responsible thing. and speaking of the great grandson of a taco in fear of his life, i know that this country as a beacon of light and hope for people around the world, provided they come here legally, providing we understand who they are and what they want to contribute, and that is why we took back control of our borders, and will pass the borders bill, because we believe there must be a distinction between someone who comes here legally and someone who doesn't. and though i have every sympathy with people genuinely in fear of their lives, i have no somebody whatsoever with the people traffickers who take thousands of pounds to send children to see in the frail and dangerous craft, and we must end this little trade. we must break the gangsters' business model. —— this will be full —— lethal trade. and this is not a sublime irony that even in french politics, there is now a leading centre—right politician: a referendum on the eu, who is now calling for france to take back control? that is what happens if you spend a year trying to argue with lord frost, the greatest frost since the great frost of 1709. we will fight these gangs at home and abroad, because their victims are invariably the poorest and the neediest. i will tell you what levelling up is. a few years ago, they started a school not far from they started a school not far from the olympic park, where anybody could send their kids, in an area that for decades has been one of the most disadvantaged in london. that school is brampton manor academy, that now sends more kids to 0xbridge than eaten, and if you want proof of what i mean by unleashing potential and by levelling up, look at brampton manor. —— it now sends more kids to 0xbridge than at eton. there is absolutely no reason why the because of this country should lag behind, why so many should be able to read or write or do basic mathematics at 11. top of the extra 14 billion rocketing and education come on top of the increase that means every two just salary of £30,000, we are announcing today a levelling up premium of up to up to £3000 to send the best maths and science teachers to be places that need them most. and above all, we are investing in our skills. our universities are well beaten, i owe everything to my tutors, one of the great glories of our economy. but we all know that some of the most brilliant and imaginative and creative people in britain, some of the best paid people in britain, did not go to university. and to level up, you need to give people the options, the skills, that are right for them, and to make the most of those skills and knowledge, you need urgently to plug all the other gaps in the infrastructure that are still holding people and communities back. as i have been saying over this wonderful confidence, when i became leader of this party, can you remember what percentage of households had a broadband? you have been paying attention. 7%, only 7%, you are absolutely right. and by the new year, it will be 68%. and thanks to rishi's super deduction, the pace is now excel massively, as companies thrust the fibre—optic vermicelli in the most hard to reach places. it is wonderful for the most hard to reach places. it is wonderfulfor years, the snp leader at westminster, ian blackford, has been telling the commons that he has nothing but a humble crofter on the isle of skye. now that we have fibre—optic broadband, be very high quality, we can inspect the library or perhaps the billiard room of ian blackford's croft. that is levelling up blackford's croft. that is levelling up in action. my friends, does not good enoughjust to rely up in action. my friends, does not good enough just to rely on zoom. after decades of dark decisions, our national infrastructure is way behind some of our key competitors. it is a disgrace that you still cannot swiftly cross the pennines by rail, a disgrace that leads is the largest city in europe with no proper metro system, so many places are not served by decent bus routes. transport is one of the supreme level are operas, and we are making the big generational change is by previous governments. we will link up previous governments. we will link up the cities of the midlands of the north, you'll restore the sinews, the a75 in scotland, the north wales covered up, the a1 north of berwick into scotland, and blocking those coagulated roundabouts, putting on 4000 more clean green buses made in this country, some of them running on hydrogen. and as we come out of covid, our towns and cities will be buzzing with life because we know that a productive workforce needs to spur that only comes with face—to—face meetings and water cooler gossip. if young people are to learn on the job cooler gossip. if young people are to learn on thejob in cooler gossip. if young people are to learn on the job in the way that they always have and must, we will and must see people back in the office. and that is why we are building back better with a once in essentially £640 billion programme of investment. —— once in a century. admitting neighbourhoods safer by putting on a gigabit broadband, schools, health care, we will enable more young people everywhere to share the dream of homeownership, the great ambition of the human race, that the left always privately share but publicly disparage. but we can do it. look at this country from the air, go on google maps, you see how our landscape has been plotted and piste and jigsaw together by centuries of the quests and litigation, a vast testament to security and type and trust in the law. and it is a confidence that is responsible for so much international investment. see how rich this country is growing, the billions of loving and incremental improvements to homes and gardens. you can see how beautiful it is, vast untapped moorland, hills and forests. we are going to the wild parts of the country, and concentrate a total of nature. —— rewild. 0tters are returning to reverse from which they have been absent for decades, leaders that have not been seen on some rivers since tudor times. if that isn't conservatism, i don't know what is. build back beaver, i say. although the beavers may sometimes build without local authority permission, you can also see how much room there is to build the homes that young families need in this country, not on green fields, notjustjammed in the south—east, but beautiful homes on brown field sites in places where homes make sense. and this government is helping young people to afford a home. it has been a scandal, a rebuke to always stand for, that over the last 20 years, the dream of home has receded, and yet under this government, we are turning the tide. we have not only build more homes than at any time in the last 30 years, we are helping young people onto the property ladder with our 95% mortgages, and there is no happiness like taking a set of keys and knowing the place is yours. and you can paint the front door any colour you like. as it happens, i can't paint my own front door any colour i like, it has to be black, but i certainly don't have to go very far to work. and if you don't have to go far to watch, your commute isn't too dreadful, if the job suits your skills and your wi—fi is fast and reliable, i will tell you something else, that housing, in the right place, and add an affordable price, will add massively, notjust to your general joie de vivre, but to your productivity, is how we solved the national productivity puzzle, by fixing the broken housing market, by plugging in the gigabit, by putting in a decent safe bus routes and all the other transport infrastructure, and in the skills, skills, skills. —— investing in skills. and that is how we help to cut the cost of living for everyone because housing, energy and transport are a huge part of our monthly bills, it is by fixing our broken housing market and sorting out our energy supply, more nuclear, becoming less dependent on hydrocarbons from abroad, by putting in those transport links, we will hold costs down and save you money and we will make this country and even more attractive destination for foreign investment. look at the pfizer manufacturing centre, the nissan investment. with these productivity gains, we will turbo—charge that advantage and help businesses to start and grow everywhere so let me come now to the punch line of my sermon on the vaccine. it was not the government that made the wonder drug. it was not brewed in the department of health. of course, it was 0xford department of health. of course, it was oxford university, but it was the private—sector that made it possible. assigned those vaccines are shareholders and bankers and deep pools of liquidity. it was capitalism that ensured we had a vaccine in less than a year. the answer is not to attack the wealth creators, it is to encourage them because they are responsible for the agreed increase in the country wealth that enables us to make was improvements and to level up everyone and to rub home my point, it is notjust that everyone and to rub home my point, it is not just that vaccination everyone and to rub home my point, it is notjust that vaccination has saved more than 120,000 lives, vaccination has allowed us to meet like this and blessed us with such rapid growth, with wages rises fastest for those on low incomes and thatis fastest for those on low incomes and that is levelling up in action. these vaccines have ensured that jabs becomejobs. the world's most effective vaccines have saved our open society and free market economy and it is our open society and free—market economy that have produced the world's most effective vaccines and that is the symmetry and the of the covid vaccine. science, innovation, capitalism is vital now for the challenge that we face, the challenge that the whole of humanity faces is now even more existential for our way of life. in just a few weeks, this country will host a summit of our generation in glasgow, when the resolve of the world is put to the test. can we keep alive the ambition of paris to stop the planet heating by more than one and a half degrees? government can't do it alone and taxpayers can't do it alone and taxpayers can't do it alone. the other day took a boat out onto the murray first to see this white forest of turbines term bearing —— towering over the water like the redwoods of california and you have no idea of their size until you see them up close. yc diameter of the london i and they are slicing through the air at more than 100 miles an hour. i met the young apprentices who had moved straight across from the world of oil and gas and they had the same excitement with working with wind and waves and whales and dolphins from the office window but they had that extra satisfaction that goes with knowing we are doing something to save the planet and get britain to save the planet and get britain to net zero x 2050 and that is the cemetery represented by these giant will mills, massive and innovative private sector investment and the government taking the tough decisions to make possible. that is the difference between this radical and optimistic conservatism and a tired old labour. did you watch them last week in brighton? hopelessly divided, i thought they looked. their leader like a seriously rattled bus conductor, pushed this way and that dot—mac not that they have bus conductors anymore. a seriously rattled bus conductor pushed this way and that by a mob of jeremy corbyn supporters or the skipper of a cruise liner that has been captured by somali pirates, desperately trying to negotiate a course and then changing his mind. remember labour flapping course and then changing his mind. remember labourflapping during the pandemic with all of the conviction of a damp tea towel. they refused to say that schools were safe, they would have kept us in the european medicines agency and slam the brakes on the vaccine roll—out, the labour leader attacked the vaccine task force for spending money on outreach for hesitant menorah to grips but it is hard to think of any better use of public money so let's forgive him on the basis that he probably didn't know what he was talking about. in previous national crises, labour leaders have opted to minimise public anxiety and confusion by not trying to score cheap party political points and sadly that was not the approach taken by captain hindsight, attacking one week, rowing in behind when it seemed to be working, the human weather vane, the chameleon, and in his final absurd act of opportunism he decided to oppose step four of the road map injuly, remember? that's right, folks. if you listened to captain hindsight today, you would still be locked down. we would not have the fastest growth in the g7. if columbus had listened to captain hindsight, he would be famous for having discovered tenerife. how utterly astonishing. how utterly astonishing. how utterly astonishing that in the last few weeks, labour should actually have voted against the funding that we are putting forward for the nhs and we need to remember how and why we have been able to get people through this pandemic at all, it is because we conservatives fix the economy, we repair the damage that labour left behind, every labour government has left with a point higher, everything one since the party was invented and today we are going to fix this economy and build back better than ever before. and just as we used our new freedoms to accelerate the vaccine roll—out, we are going to use brexit freedoms to do things differently. we are doing the borders bill, we have seen of the european super league and protected grassroots football, we are doing at least 83 super fertilised loans in which businesses will be able to plant newjobs across the uk and now we will go further, not only jettisoning eu rules that we don't need but using new freedoms to improve the way that we regulate and great growth areas of the 21st—century as we fulfil our ambition of becoming a science superpower, gene editing, data management, ai, cyber, quantum and we will be ever more global output. we have done already 68 free—trade deals including that great free—trade deal with her friends deals including that great free—trade deal with herfriends in the eu which they all said was impossible and after decades of bewildering refusal, we have persuaded the americans to import prime british beef, a market already worth £66 million. build back burger, i say! worth £66 million. build back burger, isay! how worth £66 million. build back burger, i say! how have the americans been able to survive without british beef for so long? if you want a supreme example of global britain in action, something daring and brilliant that would not have happened if we had remained in the eu, i give you or because. an idea so transparently right that the labour conference voted against it. i know there has been a certain raucous caucus but it is a recognition that the world assaulting on its economic access under trade in the indo pacific region is becoming more vital and thatis region is becoming more vital and that is why we sent our forces to perform manoeuvres there. it has dozens of f35 is, 66,000 sausages and not because we want to threaten anyone or be adversarial with anyone, but because we want to stick up anyone, but because we want to stick up for the rule of law that is so vital, the freedom of navigation and free trade and that is what brings us together. shared values. shared belief in democracy and human rights, a shared belief in the equal dignity and worth of every human being. very few countries could have pulled off the kabul air left, and astonishing feat by a braved armed forces. even fewer have the same moral priorities. no wonder the government brokered a deal such as this one did with astrazeneca so that the oxford vaccine has been distributed at cost around the world, more than a billion low—cost vaccines invented in britain, saving millions of lives. we are led by values, things that we stand for and we should never forget the people around the world admire this country for its history and traditions and they love the groovy new architecture and the fashion and the music and all the rest of it... the michael in the disco. they like it for the way that it emerges organically from a vast inherited conglomerate of culture and tradition and we conservatives understand the need for both and how each nourishes the other and we attack and deny our history at our peril. when they began to attack churchill as a racist, i was minded to ignore them because it is only 20 years ago since bbc audiences voted him the greatest briton of all time. because he helped to defeat a regime that was defined by one of the most vicious racism is the world has ever seen, but as time has gone by it has become clear to me that this isn't just a joke. they really do want to rewrite our national story, starting with the woakes. we really are at risk of a kind of know nothing, cancel culture iconoclasm and so we conservatives will defend our history and cultural inheritance not because we are proud of everything but because trying to edited now is as dishonest as a celebrity trying furtively to change his entry in wikipedia and it is a betrayal of our children's education. churchill's last to his cabinet dot—mac actually, all of his ministers. it was never be separated from the americans and he ended it with the observation, man is spirit. i think he was right there, don't you? i believe that through history and accident, this country has a unique spirit, the spirit of the nhs, nurses and the entrepreneurs. whose innovative flair means that there are three countries in the world that have produced more than 100 unicorns. do you know what i mean? it is a tech company worth more than $1 billion each and those three countries if you have been paying attention, they are the united states, china and the united kingdom. and those unicorns. those unicorns are now dispersed around the united kingdom in a way that is new to our country. it is fantastic to see that levelling up and we need the spirit of the nhs nurses and the entrepreneurs because each enables the other. and i mean the spirit of the other. and i mean the spirit of the footballers who took england into the final of a major knockout tournament for the first time in the lives of the vast majority of the people of this country. and probably looking around at all of you young thrusters, the majority of the people in this room. the spirit of emma raducanu, her grace and her mental resilience when the game was going against her. because that is what counts, the spirit of our 0lympians, it is an incredible thing to come yet again at the top four, a formidable effort for a country that has only 0.8% of the world's population, in spite of all of our best efforts. but when we come second, when we come second in the paralympics as well. that shows our values. not only the achievement of those elite athletes but a country thatis those elite athletes but a country that is proud to be a trailblazer, tojudge people not by where that is proud to be a trailblazer, to judge people not by where they come from but by their spirit and by what is inside them. that is the spirit that is the same across this country in every town and village and country that can be found in the hearts and minds of kids growing up everywhere and that is the spirit we are going to our nation. thank you. borisjohnson addressing tory party delegates at the conference in manchester, bringing that conference to a close, a standing ovation for the prime minister of that speech which lasted 45 minutes. let's get the thoughts of ian watson, who was watching along with us. what stuck out to you? it was a massive tour of the horizon. all sorts of policy areas from the environment to housing tojobs to areas from the environment to housing to jobs to the economy but i think insofar as it had a theme it was all about levelling up and what was all about levelling up and what was interesting was that he said it is an absolute disgrace that we do not have proper trans—pennine rail links. we are one of the most imbalanced societies amongst richer nations and we have to pinch ourselves a little bit and remind yourself that it is actually his party, the conservative party, that has been in powerfor 11 years. what was interesting was the ability to reinvent himself and say people voted for change in 2019 and he actually said that he was not going to delay or dither like previous governments distancing himself from david cameron and theresa may, not just from tony blair are indeed currently from keir starmer. in terms of looking forward, there are lots of short—term difficulties but you want to keep your eyes on the horizon, a high wage, high skill economy. leaders often have a certain turn of phrase. tony blair, education, education, education. david cameron, nhs. borisjohnson, skills, skills, skills. as i was saying, we did not expected to be full of policies but there was one symbolic policy, levelling up premium, getting the best science and maths teachers into schools that needed them, pointing out that there was a comprehensive school in london which sent for people to 0xbridge and heaton so giving some sort of vision of the country and what they thought it was going to be like. some of the stuff that went on best was blatant attacks on the opposition, attacking keir starmer. captain hindsight. he uses a very memorable turn of phrase. he said he was like the skipper of a cruise liner that had been hijacked by somali pirates. ithink liner that had been hijacked by somali pirates. i think you are suggesting that labour leaders find it difficult to change course. he said he was against the no nothing cancel culture which went down well. in terms of substance, the big idea is making sure that you can level up the whole country was still convincing some of those people who represent southern constituencies that it will not be at their expense. thank you. well, we are watching the conference hall empty. let's speak to 0livia essem. she's a 22 year old post graduate student from doncaster who stood as a tory candidate in the council elections in may 2021. welcome. thank you forjoining us. what did you think about the speech? 0verall, cautiously optimistic. i was quite happy, especially hearing about the levelling up. i am from the north. he spoke about a lot of things. i was most happy to hear about the £3000 premium for maths and science teachers because i think education is certainly one of the most important issues facing us at the moment. i would like to have heard him speak more about going forward from covid and not restricting our freedoms again forward from covid and not restricting ourfreedoms again but overall cautiously optimistic and quite happy with what he said so far. ., ., , , quite happy with what he said so far. ., ,. quite happy with what he said so far.., ,. far. cautiously optimistic does im -l far. cautiously optimistic does imply that _ far. cautiously optimistic does imply that your— far. cautiously optimistic does imply that your enthusiasm i far. cautiously optimistic does imply that your enthusiasm is | imply that your enthusiasm is tempered. you mentioned wanting to hear more about moving forward from covid. was there anything else that you would like to have heard? i you would like to have heard? i would like to have heard him rule out vaccine passports indefinitely and for him to have ruled out further tax increases and i would like to have him specifically address young people going forward because everyone sacrificed a lot and it has impacted young people a lot. ~ ., , ., �* and it has impacted young people a lot. ., ., ~ and it has impacted young people a lot. ~ ., �* ., ~ , lot. what you're talking about is the here and — lot. what you're talking about is the here and now, _ lot. what you're talking about is the here and now, the - lot. what you're talking about is the here and now, the situation | lot. what you're talking about is - the here and now, the situation you face right now. he was looking forward as ian watson put it the horizon. is there a disconnect and therefore you question yellow ——? you can look forward without thinking about now. how do we get from now to look into the future. it was a chance to speak to the british people about what is going to happen so i understand that he may not necessarily want to have dwelt on everything that is happening now too much but definitely i would like to have seen him to address it a little bit more in order to see how we will get from here to there in the future. . ~ get from here to there in the future. ., ~' , ., , get from here to there in the future. ., ,, i. , . ., future. thank you very much for “oininr future. thank you very much for joining us- _ future. thank you very much for joining us. let's _ future. thank you very much for joining us. let's go _ future. thank you very much for joining us. let's go back- future. thank you very much for joining us. let's go back to - future. thank you very much for joining us. let's go back to ian i joining us. let's go back to ian watson. he isjoined by someone. 0ver watson. he isjoined by someone. over to you. the excitement, yes. it is james sunderland, mp for bracknell. a snaring that speech about levelling up but away from the conference floor, some of the representatives are a bit concerned about what this means for the southland perhaps you are resonating with your own traditional support. it was a fantastic speech, something for everyone. not a person in the uk who would not get something out of that one of the speech. as an mp and east fracture, i am not concerned about levelling up. i think it is a brilliant thing. as we keep saying, levelling up does not mean that one region is somehow levelling down, it means that we are all levelling up and we are all investing opportunity right across the country. the and we are all investing opportunity right across the country.— right across the country. the prime minister said _ right across the country. the prime minister said it _ right across the country. the prime minister said it was _ right across the country. the prime minister said it was a _ right across the country. the prime minister said it was a disgrace - right across the country. the prime minister said it was a disgrace that | minister said it was a disgrace that we did not have proper trans—pennine rail links and it was also the most imbalanced of the welfare societies in europe. can you just remind me who has been in government for the past 11 years. who has been in government for the past 11 years-— past 11 years. well, the conservatives. - past 11 years. well, the conservatives. so - past 11 years. well, the conservatives. so he i past 11 years. well, the conservatives. so he isj past 11 years. well, the - conservatives. so he is attacking his own party? — conservatives. so he is attacking his own party? quite. _ conservatives. so he is attacking his own party? quite. this - conservatives. so he is attacking his own party? quite. this is - conservatives. so he is attacking his own party? quite. this is the j his own party? quite. this is the new government _ his own party? quite. this is the new government under - his own party? quite. this is the new government under new - his own party? quite. this is the i new government under new prime minister and how he is looking with fresh provides and we have a new cabinet, young and diverse cabinet, doing everything possible to work out where the holes are and then plug them. this is about opportunity and investment, about the future, about our young. it is a fantastic agenda and we have so much to look forward to. taste agenda and we have so much to look forward to. ~ ., , , forward to. we have blue skies here and his messages _ forward to. we have blue skies here and his messages to _ forward to. we have blue skies here and his messages to keep _ forward to. we have blue skies here and his messages to keep your - forward to. we have blue skies here and his messages to keep your eye | forward to. we have blue skies here l and his messages to keep your eye on the horizon. it will take some time for this to come through but it will be more skills and higher wages. right now, i am sure many of your constituents are feeling worried about inflation and the cost of living and he did not say how he would deal with current difficulties.— would deal with current difficulties. ~ ., ., ., difficulties. we have come to a ma'or difficulties. we have come to a major crisis. — difficulties. we have come to a major crisis, borrowed - difficulties. we have come to a major crisis, borrowed £410 i difficulties. we have come to a - major crisis, borrowed £410 billion and more so this is about putting right what we have had to do but we have invested in the economy, kept people's jobs going and there is work to do. it will not be a rosy picture. there will be troubled waters ahead but i am confident that this pragmatic government and i have heard loads of common sense today and i think they will do what is right. in and i think they will do what is riuht. , ., ., , right. in terms of values, he repeated — right. in terms of values, he repeated that _ right. in terms of values, he repeated that it _ right. in terms of values, he repeated that it is _ right. in terms of values, he repeated that it is a - right. in terms of values, he repeated that it is a low - right. in terms of values, he repeated that it is a low tax | right. in terms of values, he - repeated that it is a low tax party but at the moment we have the highest tax burden since 1949 and he went in there and justified it but that was not the bit of his speech i got the loudest cheer. ido. that was not the bit of his speech i got the loudest cheer.— got the loudest cheer. no, we are the -a got the loudest cheer. no, we are the party of _ got the loudest cheer. no, we are the party of low — got the loudest cheer. no, we are the party of low taxation, - got the loudest cheer. no, we are the party of low taxation, that - got the loudest cheer. no, we are the party of low taxation, that is l the party of low taxation, that is inevitable. we have the fastest—growing economy in the g7 and this has been a success story over the last 18 months and we have not fallen over because of covid. we will put tax varied needs to be, we need to reinvest in the economy and payback are dead and the fiscal challenges that we have and so this will not be an easy ride but we will do what is necessary. politics is not easy, it is about compromise, about making the right decisions and i am clear that this is the right prime minister to do that. {line i am clear that this is the right prime minister to do that. one more ruestion, prime minister to do that. one more question. perhaps — prime minister to do that. one more question, perhaps it _ prime minister to do that. one more question, perhaps it is _ prime minister to do that. one more question, perhaps it is slightly - question, perhaps it is slightly unfair, i don't know—how will be fewer, but was bond symbolic policy which was the idea of a levelling up premium to help kids who are not invested in education at the moment. can utilise how it might work? this is about can utilise how it might work? ti 3 is about education across the country, opportunity, making sure that kids in one area are not disadvantaged, all about the application of finance and money but there are many schemes about to come forward, white papers are coming out all of the time and with michael gove at the helm now, i am absolutely confident that we have the right men doing that. the redator the right men doing that. the predator is — the right men doing that. the predator is known for his turns of phrase and we are going to ask you to choose your favourite one. i think build back beaver and builds back burger were my favourites. you en'o ed back burger were my favourites. you enjoyed the — back burger were my favourites. you enjoyed the alliteration? he - back burger were my favourites. you enjoyed the alliteration? he is - back burger were my favourites. you enjoyed the alliteration? he is an i enjoyed the alliteration? he is an absolute show _ enjoyed the alliteration? he is an absolute show man _ enjoyed the alliteration? he is an absolute show man and - enjoyed the alliteration? he is an absolute show man and he - enjoyed the alliteration? he is an i absolute show man and he connects with the british people. it was a session and i have come down very upbeat and positive about the future. . ~ upbeat and positive about the future. ., ~' , ., , upbeat and positive about the future. ., ,, i. , . ~ future. thank you very much. the mp for ltracknell — future. thank you very much. the mp for bracknell there _ future. thank you very much. the mp for bracknell there suggesting - for bracknell there suggesting levelling up would be good for all parts of the country. that is a message which borisjohnson gave to the audience here. that is a message which he will be hoping will resonate with the wider public. that still remains to be seen but in some parts of the country, especially in southern england, i think from talking to some of the people who had been here at this conference, he still has a lot more convincing to do. it was interesting hearing your guest say that the prime minister is a showman and he connects with the british people. as you are discussing, the vision from the prime minister was very much about the future. i spoke to a young conservative activist who when i asked what she would have liked to have heard from the prime minister, everything that she mentioned was in the here and now, so how much does that long—term vision resonate when there are real issues that people are facing right now? i think certainly for his audience in that specially built auditorium, that that would resonate because people wanted to hear an optimistic message. they also wanted a little bit of time even though there are many difficulties at the moment to celebrate the fact that they have got a whopping 80 seat majority. of course, there was not an impression conference last year where they could do that but speaking to people away from the conference floor it was interesting that one person said to me i am a bit worried about this optimistic message. that doesn't resonate with people at the moment. they are feeling uncertain and worried about the future and concerns that what'll happen over the next six months with inflation and to their living standards and there is a fear that perhaps this becomes a little bit of a bubble that people can feel good about the longer term vision but perhaps people will not be listening to that longer—term vision unless they are told what will be done now to sort out the queues at the petrol pumps and get those deliveries back onto the supermarket shelves. and what we have had very clearly from the government to this conference is the message that what is happening now in terms of supply shortages is almost part of the strategy. what are the difficulties potentially in that as time goes on. well, as time goes on, we will soon find out whether this was correct or not. what certainly has been set at the moment and i think this is a classic line in politics is don't let a good crisis go to waste, so effectively what the prime minster is saying is we are in a transition period between high immigration, a low skilled economy to a high wage, high skilled economy to a high wage, high skill economy and wages will be going up and he said that they are already beginning to go up relative to before the pandemic and in five or six months' time, we will then be able tojudge whether or six months' time, we will then be able to judge whether he was right or whether actually wages in some areas may only be going up because of a good old—fashioned labour shortage, not because people acquire new skills, not because i was higher productivity in the economy, and if thatis productivity in the economy, and if that is the case then the proof we will see will be higher inflation and my goodness that does bring dangerous. i was asking rishi sunak about this yesterday at a fringe meeting and he was pointing out that if interest rates go up only by 1%, that would cost the government £20 billion. thank you, ian. sorry to cut ian off. it is time for the weather. hello again. after the torrential rain yesterday, today is drier and brighterfor most torrential rain yesterday, today is drier and brighter for most of us. we still have a legacy of cloud. the odd spot coming out of eastern england. strong winds continuing to ease and a lot of dry weather with some sunny spells. cloud building all of the time in the west, heralding the arrival of some rain and strengthening men's into northern ireland with some showers in the south—west. top temperatures of 17. tonight, some clear skies but cloud from the west. further rain across northern ireland and scotland. windy here as well. not particularly cold. clear across kent and east anglia. temptress could be for — five first thing in the morning. tomorrow, rain across northern ireland and scotland. gusty winds. a lot of clout, some brightness and drizzle across western and coastal hills. top temperatures of 20 or 21. and in the skills, skills, skills. —— investing in skills. this is bbc news. the headlines — borisjohnson closes the uk conservative party conference with his keynote speech. he claimed that he was tackling problems that no government has ever taken on before. the £20 per week increase the universal credit claimed by almost 6 million people comes to an end today. uk wholesale gas prices have soared up by 37%. the higher prices have put a number of energy firms out of business. from next week, anybody who wants to get into a nightclub or large event in wales will need a covid pass to show they have been fully vaccinated or have recently tested negative. and how a 200 million year old dinosaurfossil and how a 200 million year old dinosaur fossil was discovered in the drawers of the natural history museum. rees the prime minister has delivered his speech at the conservative party conference. he vowed to take the country towards a high a high wage high school high productivity economy, emphasising his commitment to levelling up, productivity economy, emphasising his commitment to levelling up, but he said there was a huge hole in finances and it is only responsible to raise taxes to fund health care. let's listen to some of his speech. we are not going back to the same old broken model, with low wages, low growth, low skills and low productivity, all of it enabled and assisted by uncontrolled immigration. and the answer to the present stresses and strains, which are mainly a function of growth and economic revival, is not to reach for that same old lever of uncontrolled immigration, to keep wages low. the answer is to control immigration, to allow people of talent to come to this country, but not to use immigration as an excuse for failure to invest in people, in skills, and in the equipment, the facilities, the machinery. or in the facilities and machinery they need to do theirjobs. the truck stops, to pick an example entirely at random, with basic facilities so you do not have to urinate in the bushes, and that is the direction in which this country is going now, towards a high wage high skill high productivity and yes, thereby a low tax economy, that is what the people of this country need and deserve. in which everyone can take pride in their work and in the quality of their work. and yes, it'll take time, sometimes it will be difficult, but that was the change that people voted for in 2016, that is the change that people voted for again powerfully in 2019. and to deliver that change, we will get on with ourjob of uniting and levelling up across the uk. the greatest project that any government can embark on. more reaction to borisjohnson's speech of the conservative party conference, our political correspondent ian watson is in manchester. correspondent ian watson is in manchester-— correspondent ian watson is in manchester. , , , manchester. yes, i the premise the same people _ manchester. yes, i the premise the same people voted _ manchester. yes, i the premise the same people voted for— manchester. yes, i the premise the same people voted for change - same people voted for change in 2019, these mps won their seats for the first time in 2019 from the labour party. the prime minister in that speech saying we are one of the most imbalanced society amongst richer nations, he was saying it was a disgrace that some of our transport of the structure was not good enough. i am going first of all by the mp for bishop auckland in the north—east of england. the premise to set out a vision of a country that was really not keeping up on some of our competitors. can you remind me who was in powerfor the last 11 years? it remind me who was in power for the last 11 years?— last 11 years? it has been the conservative _ last 11 years? it has been the conservative party, - last 11 years? it has been the conservative party, but - last 11 years? it has been the | conservative party, but some last 11 years? it has been the i conservative party, but some of these _ conservative party, but some of these problems around things like productivity are deep—seated and have been going back for generations, i think it is absolutely right that we are trying to tackle — absolutely right that we are trying to tackle us now, particularly bouncing _ to tackle us now, particularly bouncing out of the corona virus pandemic — bouncing out of the corona virus pandemic i_ bouncing out of the corona virus pandemic. i think the productivity is absolutely key, then it is why we need _ is absolutely key, then it is why we need to— is absolutely key, then it is why we need to unlock the potential our economy — need to unlock the potential our economy. 0verthe need to unlock the potential our economy. over the last 18 months, the economy has taken a hit, the government has done all it can to protect— government has done all it can to protectjobs and government has done all it can to protect jobs and people's level hits _ protect jobs and people's level hits we — protect jobs and people's level hits. we are seeing the second fastest — hits. we are seeing the second fastest economic growth in the g7, fastest economic growth in the 67, which _ fastest economic growth in the 67, which is _ fastest economic growth in the 67, which is great, but looking to the future, _ which is great, but looking to the future, we — which is great, but looking to the future, we need to look at how the economy— future, we need to look at how the economy works for people in our communities, which means we have the film communities, which means we have the right skills _ communities, which means we have the right skills agenda, getting people into proper high—speed well skilled jobs. _ into proper high—speed well skilled jobs. but _ into proper high—speed well skilled jobs, but also fostering an environment where businesses can invest. _ environment where businesses can invest, encouraging business investment to improve their productivity. i think we have a winning — productivity. i think we have a winning formula, but we cannot these changes— winning formula, but we cannot these changes overnight.— changes overnight. effectively reinventing — changes overnight. effectively reinventing the _ changes overnight. effectively reinventing the conservative l changes overnight. effectively - reinventing the conservative party, said they were voting for change and getting away from the delay in stutter, so that i david and theresa may as well, wasn't it, notjust tony blair and gordon brown? —— attacking david cameron and theresa may? attacking david cameron and theresa ma ? a , attacking david cameron and theresa ma ? , ., , attacking david cameron and theresa ma? ,, may? many of us are obsessed with olitical may? many of us are obsessed with political history. — may? many of us are obsessed with political history, we _ may? many of us are obsessed with political history, we need _ may? many of us are obsessed with political history, we need to - may? many of us are obsessed with political history, we need to look i political history, we need to look at how— political history, we need to look at how we — political history, we need to look at how we move into the future. the prime _ at how we move into the future. the prime minister has set out a really optimistic— prime minister has set out a really optimistic vision today, a few new policy— optimistic vision today, a few new policy announcements, a bit of critique — policy announcements, a bit of critique that there wasn't enough policy— critique that there wasn't enough policy announcement, because we are already— policy announcement, because we are already getting on with the policy and have — already getting on with the policy and have been getting it right throughout, things like a premium to encourage _ throughout, things like a premium to encourage the best teachers to go to some _ encourage the best teachers to go to some of— encourage the best teachers to go to some of the deprived areas to help in science — some of the deprived areas to help in science and maths. that some of the deprived areas to help in science and maths.— in science and maths. that was the one oli in science and maths. that was the one policy announcement - in science and maths. that was the one policy announcement he - in science and maths. that was the| one policy announcement he made. in science and maths. that was the - one policy announcement he made. how do you think that will work, or how would you like to see it work? some of these children _ would you like to see it work? some of these children and _ would you like to see it work? some of these children and some - would you like to see it work? some of these children and some of - would you like to see it work? some of these children and some of the most _ of these children and some of the most deprived areas, they are fantastic— most deprived areas, they are fantastic teachers in these areas, don't _ fantastic teachers in these areas, don't get — fantastic teachers in these areas, don't get me wrong, but sometimes in those _ don't get me wrong, but sometimes in those areas _ don't get me wrong, but sometimes in those areas it can be hard to attract — those areas it can be hard to attract the real teaching talent, supporting a premium on their pay, £3000 _ supporting a premium on their pay, £3000 for— supporting a premium on their pay, £3000 for science and maths, trying to get— £3000 for science and maths, trying to get teachers to move to these areas _ to get teachers to move to these areas and — to get teachers to move to these areas and inspire kids, because i found _ areas and inspire kids, because i found teachers made so much difference, whether it be particular subject— difference, whether it be particular subject or— difference, whether it be particular subject or form teachers or whatever, and an inspiring teacher to kids _ whatever, and an inspiring teacher to kids who— whatever, and an inspiring teacher to kids who perhaps don't necessarily feel like i can get on in life. _ necessarily feel like i can get on in life. can — necessarily feel like i can get on in life, can make all the difference to encourage them, sol in life, can make all the difference to encourage them, so i think that is really— to encourage them, so i think that is really positive step and i look forward — is really positive step and i look forward to — is really positive step and i look forward to seeing it in action. now the mp for— forward to seeing it in action. now the mp for stoke, _ forward to seeing it in action. lion-w: the mp for stoke, who took her seat from labour as well. we had there about the up in future the premise that talked about in the auditorium, but for many people, they are worried now about how long they will have to wait to fill up their petrol tank, they are worried about whether inflation is good to go up, and the cost of living is going to increase. the prime minister did not seem to sit in a lot about how they are going to sort out short—term difficulties. what if you wanted to hear from difficulties. what if you wanted to hearfrom him on that? difficulties. what if you wanted to hear from him on that?— difficulties. what if you wanted to hear from him on that? exactly what hear from him on that? exactly what he said, hear from him on that? exactly what he said. which _ hear from him on that? exactly what he said, which is _ hear from him on that? exactly what he said, which is a _ hear from him on that? exactly what he said, which is a vision _ hear from him on that? exactly what he said, which is a vision and - hear from him on that? exactly what he said, which is a vision and the - he said, which is a vision and the key line — he said, which is a vision and the key line for— he said, which is a vision and the key line for me _ he said, which is a vision and the key line for me in _ he said, which is a vision and the key line for me in the _ he said, which is a vision and the key line for me in the speech- he said, which is a vision and the. key line for me in the speech was, we are _ key line for me in the speech was, we are levelling _ key line for me in the speech was, we are levelling up, _ key line for me in the speech was, we are levelling up, labour- key line for me in the speech was, we are levelling up, labour are - we are levelling up, labour are ieveliing — we are levelling up, labour are levelling down, _ we are levelling up, labour are levelling down, because - we are levelling up, labour are levelling down, because this i we are levelling up, labour arej levelling down, because this is about— levelling down, because this is about aspiration, _ levelling down, because this is about aspiration, it _ levelling down, because this is about aspiration, it is - levelling down, because this is about aspiration, it is about. about aspiration, it is about opportunity _ about aspiration, it is about opportunity, and _ about aspiration, it is about opportunity, and we - about aspiration, it is about opportunity, and we had . about aspiration, it is about. opportunity, and we had that about aspiration, it is about - opportunity, and we had that in spades, — opportunity, and we had that in spades, in— opportunity, and we had that in spades, in every— opportunity, and we had that in spades, in every aspect - opportunity, and we had that in spades, in every aspect of - opportunity, and we had that in. spades, in every aspect of whether it was— spades, in every aspect of whether it was education, _ spades, in every aspect of whether it was education, skills, _ spades, in every aspect of whether it was education, skills, jobs, - it was education, skills, jobs, housing, _ it was education, skills, jobs, housing, transport, _ it was education, skills, jobs, housing, transport, it - it was education, skills, jobs, housing, transport, it was - it was education, skills, jobs, housing, transport, it was all| housing, transport, it was all there — housing, transport, it was all there. , , ., , there. some representatives here, i cuess there. some representatives here, i ruess off there. some representatives here, i guess off the _ there. some representatives here, i guess off the record _ there. some representatives here, i guess off the record rather- there. some representatives here, i guess off the record rather than - there. some representatives here, i guess off the record rather than on | guess off the record rather than on the record, saying they are slightly worried that the emphasis is on optimism, looking at the stars rather than into the gutter, that is not quite resonating with how some of their colleagues outside of this conference feel. it of their colleagues outside of this conference feel.— conference feel. it certainly does and it's in _ conference feel. it certainly does and it's in my — conference feel. it certainly does and it's in my constituency, - conference feel. it certainly does i and it's in my constituency, because we have _ and it's in my constituency, because we have got— and it's in my constituency, because we have got so— and it's in my constituency, because we have got so many— and it's in my constituency, because we have got so many new _ and it's in my constituency, because we have got so many newjobs - we have got so many newjobs available, _ we have got so many newjobs available, all— we have got so many newjobs available, all businesses - we have got so many newjobs available, all businesses i - we have got so many newjobsl available, all businesses i have spoken— available, all businesses i have spoken to _ available, all businesses i have spoken to have _ available, all businesses i have spoken to have a _ available, all businesses i have spoken to have a vacancy. - available, all businesses i have spoken to have a vacancy. this| available, all businesses i have l spoken to have a vacancy. this is available, all businesses i have - spoken to have a vacancy. this is a fantastic— spoken to have a vacancy. this is a fantastic time _ spoken to have a vacancy. this is a fantastic time if _ spoken to have a vacancy. this is a fantastic time if you're _ spoken to have a vacancy. this is a fantastic time if you're looking - spoken to have a vacancy. this is a fantastic time if you're looking forl fantastic time if you're looking for a job. _ fantastic time if you're looking for a job, and — fantastic time if you're looking for a job, and because _ fantastic time if you're looking for a job, and because there - fantastic time if you're looking for a job, and because there are - a job, and because there are shortages, _ a job, and because there are shortages, people _ a job, and because there are shortages, people are - a job, and because there are| shortages, people are willing a job, and because there are i shortages, people are willing to a job, and because there are - shortages, people are willing to do the training — shortages, people are willing to do the training in— shortages, people are willing to do the training in the _ shortages, people are willing to do the training in the job. _ shortages, people are willing to do the training in the job. so- shortages, people are willing to do the training in the job. so there - the training in the job. so there has never— the training in the job. so there has never been _ the training in the job. so there has never been a _ the training in the job. so there has never been a better- the training in the job. so there has never been a better time i the training in the job. so there j has never been a better time to the training in the job. so there - has never been a better time to get those _ has never been a better time to get those jobs — has never been a better time to get those jobs and _ has never been a better time to get those jobs and those _ has never been a better time to get those jobs and those skills. - has never been a better time to get those jobs and those skills. there'sj those jobs and those skills. there's so much _ those jobs and those skills. there's so much investment— those jobs and those skills. there's so much investment in— those jobs and those skills. there's so much investment in skills - those jobs and those skills. there's so much investment in skills and i so much investment in skills and education. — so much investment in skills and education, and _ so much investment in skills and education, and that— so much investment in skills and education, and that has- so much investment in skills and education, and that has been. so much investment in skills and| education, and that has been the key relate _ education, and that has been the key relate in _ education, and that has been the key relate in places— relate in places like stoke—on—trent, i relate in places like l stoke—on—trent, that relate in places like - stoke—on—trent, that has relate in places like _ stoke—on—trent, that has helped people _ stoke—on—trent, that has helped people back, _ stoke—on—trent, that has helped people back, so _ stoke—on—trent, that has helped people back, so people - stoke—on—trent, that has helped people back, so people know- stoke—on—trent, that has helpedl people back, so people know that they can — people back, so people know that they can get — people back, so people know that they can get jobs _ people back, so people know that they can get jobs locally, - people back, so people know that they can get jobs locally, they. people back, so people know that| they can get jobs locally, they can stay locally — they can get jobs locally, they can stay locally. and _ they can get jobs locally, they can stay locally, and there _ they can get jobs locally, they can stay locally, and there is- they can get jobs locally, they can stay locally, and there is a - they can get jobs locally, they can stay locally, and there is a real. stay locally, and there is a real future, — stay locally, and there is a real future, so _ stay locally, and there is a real future, so what _ stay locally, and there is a real future, so what is _ stay locally, and there is a real future, so what is not - stay locally, and there is a real future, so what is not to - stay locally, and there is a real future, so what is not to be - future, so what is not to be optimistic— future, so what is not to be optimistic about— future, so what is not to be optimistic about that? - future, so what is not to be optimistic about that? final question. — optimistic about that? final question, one _ optimistic about that? final question, one of _ optimistic about that? final question, one of your - optimistic about that?“ question, one of your colleagues was saying the feminist is a great showman, they had to build a special auditorium for him, twice the size of the one of the cabinet ministers were speaking from this week, one of the most memorable phrase in that 45 minutes? sass the most memorable phrase in that 45 minutes? �* , . . , �* the most memorable phrase in that 45 minutes? a ., �* . minutes? as far as i'm concerned, levellin: minutes? as far as i'm concerned, levelling up _ minutes? as far as i'm concerned, levelling up not — minutes? as far as i'm concerned, levelling up not levelling - minutes? as far as i'm concerned, levelling up not levelling down, i levelling up not levelling down, because — levelling up not levelling down, because people _ levelling up not levelling down, because people want _ levelling up not levelling down, | because people want optimism. levelling up not levelling down, - because people want optimism. after a pandemic, — because people want optimism. after a pandemic. people _ because people want optimism. after a pandemic, people need _ because people want optimism. after a pandemic, people need to- because people want optimism. after a pandemic, people need to believe i a pandemic, people need to believe there _ a pandemic, people need to believe there is— a pandemic, people need to believe there is strong _ a pandemic, people need to believe there is strong leadership _ a pandemic, people need to believe there is strong leadership in - a pandemic, people need to believe there is strong leadership in the - there is strong leadership in the country — there is strong leadership in the country we _ there is strong leadership in the country, we know— there is strong leadership in the country, we know where - there is strong leadership in the country, we know where we - there is strong leadership in the country, we know where we are | there is strong leadership in the - country, we know where we are going, places— country, we know where we are going, places like _ country, we know where we are going, places like stoke—on—trent _ country, we know where we are going, places like stoke—on—trent are - country, we know where we are going, places like stoke—on—trent are not - places like stoke—on—trent are not left behind, — places like stoke—on—trent are not left behind, that— places like stoke—on—trent are not left behind, that levelling - places like stoke—on—trent are not left behind, that levelling up- left behind, that levelling up agenda — left behind, that levelling up agenda means— left behind, that levelling up agenda means that - left behind, that levelling up agenda means that there - left behind, that levelling up| agenda means that there will left behind, that levelling up. agenda means that there will be great _ agenda means that there will be great opportunities. _ agenda means that there will be great opportunities. butt- agenda means that there will be great opportunities.— agenda means that there will be great opportunities. but some people are worried that _ great opportunities. but some people are worried that other _ great opportunities. but some people are worried that other areas - great opportunities. but some people are worried that other areas are - are worried that other areas are going to be levelling down. by—elections are always quirky, but in the _ by—elections are always quirky, but in the sense — by—elections are always quirky, but in the sense of— by—elections are always quirky, but in the sense of levelling _ by—elections are always quirky, but in the sense of levelling up- in the sense of levelling up the whole — in the sense of levelling up the whole country, _ in the sense of levelling up the whole country, the _ in the sense of levelling up the whole country, the feminist. in the sense of levelling up the - whole country, the feminist address that, it _ whole country, the feminist address that, it is _ whole country, the feminist address that, it is about _ whole country, the feminist address that, it is about living _ whole country, the feminist address that, it is about living things - whole country, the feminist address that, it is about living things from i that, it is about living things from the overheated _ that, it is about living things from the overheated south, _ that, it is about living things from the overheated south, so- that, it is about living things from the overheated south, so the - that, it is about living things from i the overheated south, so the people in the _ the overheated south, so the people in the south—east _ the overheated south, so the people in the south—east who _ the overheated south, so the people in the south—east who do _ the overheated south, so the people in the south—east who do not - the overheated south, so the people in the south—east who do not want i in the south—east who do not want houses _ in the south—east who do not want houses built— in the south—east who do not want houses built on _ in the south—east who do not want houses built on green— in the south—east who do not want houses built on green belt- in the south—east who do not want houses built on green belt will- in the south—east who do not wantl houses built on green belt will have the houses — houses built on green belt will have the houses in — houses built on green belt will have the houses in stoke—on—trent, - houses built on green belt will have the houses in stoke—on—trent, butl the houses in stoke—on—trent, but will also _ the houses in stoke—on—trent, but will also have _ the houses in stoke—on—trent, but will also have funding _ the houses in stoke—on—trent, but will also have funding to _ the houses in stoke—on—trent, but will also have funding to sort - the houses in stoke—on—trent, but will also have funding to sort out l will also have funding to sort out our brown — will also have funding to sort out our brown field sites. _ will also have funding to sort out our brown field sites.— our brown field sites. thank you very much- _ our brown field sites. thank you very much- they _ our brown field sites. thank you very much. they are _ our brown field sites. thank you very much. they are robbing - our brown field sites. thank you | very much. they are robbing that investment in the skills and levelling up will resonate with some of the newer voters who came to the consent of the last time round. thank you, ian. 0ne consent of the last time round. thank you, ian. one of the issues thatis thank you, ian. one of the issues that is very much on people's mines at the moment as those higher living costs, in particular energy prices, they have run up the matter was since the start of the year, some energy companies have gone and as a result, and now the latest is that in the past few hours, the price of wholesale gas has soared. 0ur wholesale gas has soared. our business correspondent alice baxter is here. what has happened? industry leaders are now _ is here. what has happened? industry leaders are now stepping _ is here. what has happened? industry leaders are now stepping in _ is here. what has happened? industry leaders are now stepping in and - leaders are now stepping in and asking the government to help, because they see the situation is critical. the energy intensive users group, which represents steel, chemical and fertiliser firms, said that surging costs had already resulted in steel production halting at times of peak demand. prices rose 37% on tuesday's market. to put that into perspective, it traded at 60p a firm, which is a unit of heat containing 100,000 british thermal users. the reason that matters is because it affects all matters of industry, but it also affects consumers at home because those wholesale energy prices get passed on, and as we have been talking repeatedly about here is bbc news over the past few weeks, we have seen as many as nine small energy companies go bust, because they have proven to not be resilient in the face of these rising wholesale gas prices. that is affected over 1.7 million uk households. what is happening to those customers, is that they are being transferred onto new tariffs with new providers. 0ften, new tariffs with new providers. often, though, despite higher tariffs than the ones they were paying. the advice from the energy regulator of gemma is that customers should not panic, they should take a metre reading, and i should wait until the new supply has been appointed before looking to switch to another new energy firm. —— the energy regulator 0fgem. the boss of 0fgem has warned that the cost of protecting customers could lead to higher bills in the future. we also know that costs are expected to increase when the higher energy price cap takes effect, that happened on october one. we also know that the next time the energy cap is reviewed in april of next year, we also inspect a further increase in costs. it is estimated that bills for average households could go up by as much as £139 to £1277 a year. according to the rating agency, they expect more energy firms to go bust to increase the total we have come to so far of nine. customers are protected, though, from sudden hikes in gas prices through the energy price cap, which is the maximum price they can be charged on a standard tariff. but as i say, expectations are the next time be reviewed in april of next year, customers should expect another slight increase.- year, customers should expect another slight increase. thank you, alice. the £20 per week increase for universal credit is being withdrawn from today for some it was brought in to support those on low incomes during the pandemic. it was claimed by almost 6 million people in the uk. borisjohnson has defended the cuts, arguing that creating highways high skilled jobs is better than putting more money into benefits. but opposition parties and janitors thousands of people will be plunged into poverty. 0ur social affairs correspondent michael buchanan reports. the cuts to universal credit is consuming a swim in's mine. i might have to wear — consuming a swim in's mine. i might have to wear more _ consuming a swim in's mine. i might have to wear more clothes, - consuming a swim in's mine. i might have to wear more clothes, not - have to wear more clothes, not have the heating on so much, i am that we worried about the joints situation, because motor is colder, you can feel it. i have noticed that the past couple of days. we will need the heating on it to keep thejoints warm. the heating on it to keep the “oints warm. ., ., , the heating on it to keep the “oints warm. ., .,, ., warm. cornwell has some of the oorest warm. cornwell has some of the poorest until — warm. cornwell has some of the poorest until it _ warm. cornwell has some of the poorest until it at _ warm. cornwell has some of the poorest until it at home - warm. cornwell has some of the poorest until it at home in - warm. cornwell has some of the i poorest until it at home in england, so the recent rise in energy prices will hit hard. a largely low—wage seasonaljobs market adds to the difficulties tens of thousands of people will face coping with the £20 a week cut. ., ., , .,, , a week cut. unfortunately i lost my 'ob a week cut. unfortunately i lost my job because — a week cut. unfortunately i lost my job because i _ a week cut. unfortunately i lost my job because i was _ a week cut. unfortunately i lost my job because i was cycling, - a week cut. unfortunately i lost my job because i was cycling, was - a week cut. unfortunately i lost my job because i was cycling, was hit l job because i was cycling, was hit by a car— job because i was cycling, was hit by a car and — job because i was cycling, was hit by a car and fractured my life, sol was on _ by a car and fractured my life, sol was on crutches. by a car and fractured my life, so i was on crutches.— was on crutches. harriet what vitality as _ was on crutches. harriet what vitality as a — was on crutches. harriet what vitality as a fundraiser. - was on crutches. harriet what vitality as a fundraiser. now | was on crutches. harriet what i vitality as a fundraiser. now had and herfour —month—old son vitality as a fundraiser. now had and her four —month—old son are living in temporary accommodation, left completely appended. i living in temporary accommodation, left completely appended.— living in temporary accommodation, left completely appended. i have no access to laundry _ left completely appended. i have no access to laundry facilities _ left completely appended. i have no access to laundry facilities and - access to laundry facilities and things— access to laundry facilities and things like this, so at the moment, i things like this, so at the moment, i am _ things like this, so at the moment, i am using — things like this, so at the moment, i am using london at and living basically— i am using london at and living basically off microwave meals and things— basically off microwave meals and things like that. which of the slit comes— things like that. which of the slit comes at— things like that. which of the slit comes at an expense and was in that extra _ comes at an expense and was in that extra bit— comes at an expense and was in that extra bit of— comes at an expense and was in that extra bit of income will be devastating. we are aware that this is not _ devastating. we are aware that this is not always been part of universal credit, _ is not always been part of universal credit, and — is not always been part of universal credit, and it was only supposed to be temporary during covid, but a lot of people _ be temporary during covid, but a lot of people have become reliant on it during _ of people have become reliant on it during this — of people have become reliant on it during this time. it is of people have become reliant on it during this time.— during this time. it is not 'ust the --eole on during this time. it is not 'ust the people on universal h during this time. it is notjust the people on universal credit - during this time. it is notjust the people on universal credit will. during this time. it is notjust the | people on universal credit will feel the impact of the cut. the money they typically spend on their own local economy, in shops, cafe is, on their own high street. all of these places are going to feel the impact of the £20 being cut. but the food bank here, volunteers here expect an increase in demand, some of the cuts to benefit levels have often led to more requests for help. i to benefit levels have often led to more requests for help.— to benefit levels have often led to more requests for help. i think the roblem more requests for help. i think the problem is — more requests for help. i think the problem is if _ more requests for help. i think the problem is if view _ more requests for help. i think the problem is if view on _ more requests for help. i think the problem is if view on a _ more requests for help. i think the problem is if view on a very - more requests for help. i think the problem is if view on a very low i problem is if view on a very low income, you get another £20 a week, it is very healthy, but you're never in a situation where you do not need that extra money. the in a situation where you do not need that extra money.— that extra money. the uplift cost about £6 billion _ that extra money. the uplift cost about £6 billion a _ that extra money. the uplift cost about £6 billion a year, - that extra money. the uplift cost about £6 billion a year, the - about £6 billion a year, the governance is that with the economy reopening, manyjobs are available, so it is right to remove the temporary uplift. they have also made £500 million available to help the most vulnerable, they want employers to pay higher wages, as some have, to ease the impact of the cut. michael buchanan, bbc news, cornwall. we can talk now to chris burke from just rowntree foundation, funding research into social policy. thank you very much forjoining us. what about the mitigations we had at the end of the report there, the economy opening up around 1 millionjob vacancies, £500 million worth of government support to help the most vulnerable, and the government saying employers need to pay higher wages to attract people into those jobs which, as we have been hearing, there is a shortfall of labour? how much does that help in the picture of that reduction of £20 a week in universal credit?— universal credit? well, not very much, to universal credit? well, not very much. to be _ universal credit? well, not very much, to be honest. _ universal credit? well, not very much, to be honest. that's - universal credit? well, not very much, to be honest. that's 500j much, to be honest. that's 500 million fund in and of itself is an admission that the government knows that this cuts to universal credit is going to cause poverty and crisis, that is a crisis fund, that is people having to go to the counsel if they cannot keep their heating on or cannot put food on the table. if that really the best we can aspire to? that is not levelling up, that is causing destitution. so i think it is all very well to talk about sunlit uplands that the prime minister has today, but that will not help people pay the bills or put food on the table over the coming months. ~ ., ., ,., ., ., months. what about, though, the idea that work pays — months. what about, though, the idea that work pays more _ months. what about, though, the idea that work pays more than _ that work pays more than benefits? that is obviously very much the strategy that the government wants. the prime minister has talked about other governments not having the guts to make hard decisions, but he has not had the guts to look in the eyes of the 6 million people that he is about to cut £1000 a year from their income. yes, of course, people getting well paid jobs as an outcome that everyone wants, including those people, but that is not going to happen tomorrow. you havejust people, but that is not going to happen tomorrow. you have just had a reporter talking about spikes in gas bills which are coming now, so this decision is going to put hundreds of thousands of people into poverty in the uk, and promises ofjobs tomorrow do nothing to change that. there are jobs available today, though. what do you think is the issue that means that there are these vacancies and that we do see these vacancies and that we do see the impact of the shortfall in labour in this country?- the impact of the shortfall in labour in this country? well, i think part _ labour in this country? well, i think part of _ labour in this country? well, i think part of it _ labour in this country? well, i think part of it as _ labour in this country? well, i think part of it as there - labour in this country? well, i think part of it as there has i labour in this country? well, i i think part of it as there has been lots of focus on hgv drivers, so as a single mum in young children supposed to go and work night shifts in an hgv? it is a preposterous suggestion. we have a labour market at the moment that provides very low wages, unreliable hours, and employers are often incredibly flexible about when people can work. we have a system that provides flexibility for employers, but not for employees. there's nobody out there who wants to level universal credit. the level of support that it gives is pitiful, and the scots todayis gives is pitiful, and the scots today is the biggest ever cut to the basic rate of social security. so i am all for better paid jobs for people, but let's not pretend that there aren't many barriers for people all over this country to access enough income through work today. access enough income through work toda . �* ., ., access enough income through work toda. ., ., , today. and what are your concerns, then. that — today. and what are your concerns, then. that the _ today. and what are your concerns, then, that the immediate _ today. and what are your concerns, then, that the immediate impact. today. and what are your concerns, then, that the immediate impact ofj then, that the immediate impact of that cut to universal credit? i think you'll sadly an increase in the use of food banks. there will be some people who at the start of this month would be able to shop in supermarkets, and later will have to visit food banks. i had a woman talking on the clip just before i came on about not putting the heating on, affecting her health, that will be happening all over the country from young people right up to pensioners, and ijust like if we are talking about levelling up our country or not going back to before the pandemic, a country where people are hungry and cold is not that sort of country. are hungry and cold is not that sort of count . , �* ., are hungry and cold is not that sort of country-— of country. chris birt of the joseph rowntree foundation, _ of country. chris birt of the joseph rowntree foundation, thank - of country. chris birt of the joseph rowntree foundation, thank you i of country. chris birt of the joseph l rowntree foundation, thank you for joining us. that is detailed information about the end of the £20 boost on our website, where there are also links to providers of free guidance and advice. go to bbc.co.uk/news. tesco has reported a 16% rise in profit for the first half of the year despite the disruption in the supply chain. the supermarket says sales have been strong, but expects that awful fall away over the rest of the year. it is predicting profits will be around £2.5 billion by the end of the financial year. £2.5 billion by the end of the financialyear. from £2.5 billion by the end of the financial year. from next week, anyone going to a nightclub or large eventin anyone going to a nightclub or large event in wales will need a covid pass to show they have been fully vaccinated or have recently tested negative. the measures were voted on by members of the welsh parliament. it was thought emotion would not go through, but it's technical hitch meant the opposition fails to block it. in the hour or so before yesterday's vote, plaid cymru pulled out of supporting the welsh labour government's proposals — meaning that the measure was due to fail byjust a single vote. but, come voting time, one conservative ms — who was due to vote against — was unable to log onto zoom to take part. we still have a member who's desperately fighting to get into zoom. and that meant, to some astonishment, the measure passed. from next week in wales, vaccine passes will be required for those attending an indoor non—seating event of more than 500, an outdoor event with no seating with more than 4,000, any event with more than 10,000, and those going to a nightclub. so how will this work in practice? well, despite the first minister suggesting that there would be an app available, like in england, there won't be here in wales. nightclub—goers and event—goers here will have to register through a web—based operating system, one that's been operating for the past three months. they'll begin the process by using their nhs login number and then they'll input whether they've had a double vaccine or a recent negative covid test. the government say event organisers should take reasonable measures to check people are eligible to enter, but anticipate night clubs should be checking everyone. nightclub owners say guidance on enforcement of the proposals are unclear, and there is speculation that the tories could challenge last night's result. tomos morgan, bbc news, cardiff. facebook boss mark zuckerberg has hit back at criticism from a former employee turned whistle—blower testified in the us senate. she said the company's sites and apps have harmed children, and field division. mark zuckerberg said the argument that facebook deliberately post content that made people angry for profit was illogical. in a blog, he wrote the testimony just profit was illogical. in a blog, he wrote the testimonyjust does not reflect the company we know. we care deeply about issues like safety, well—being, mental health. it is difficult to see colours that misrepresent our work and our motives. eleanor and freya are both 14 and, like many teenagers, they're both on instagram. as a teenager, you're looking at these people, like, all these models, and, you know, influencers — they are all very, very skinny and they have, like, a perfect body. and when you're looking at that and then kind of comparing yourself to it, it's, like, very... i think it could be really damaging. when you're, like, feeling at your worst, and then you go on instagram and see things that are, like, targeted at you because you've looked at these kind of things before... you see them, like — yeah, models, influencers, celebrities, things like that and you're just like, "oh, well, i'll never be like that." eleanor and freya's concerns are in fact shared by one rather important company — facebook, which owns instagram. in fact, leaked internal research found that teens who've struggled with mental health say that instagram makes it worse. the woman who leaked that internal report is called frances haugen — yesterday giving evidence in washington. the documents i have provided to congress prove that facebook has repeatedly misled the public about what its own research reveals about the safety of children. she also said that facebook�*s motives were driven by money, rather than the mental health of its users. i saw facebook repeatedly encounter conflict between its own profits and our safety. facebook consistently resolved these conflicts in favour of its own profits. here in silicon valley, facebook has pushed back, saying that some of the research presented is misleading, and despite the fact that instagram concluded that it could be damaging for children's mental health, it also says that it can have a positive impact. reacting to haugen's evidence was facebook�*s vice president of content policy, monika bickert. again, any time a single teen is having a bad experience, that's too much. one thing that shows that we are prioritising safety above profit is the very fact that we are asking these hard questions. facebook has said it's postponed a controversial project to create instagram for kids. but it's likely that the social network will face even more scrutiny and greater regulation in the us and further abroad. republicans and democrats don't agree on much, but taking action on facebook is one thing that has broad support. james clayton, bbc news. selling a sister college and university students is to be made a criminal offence in england. —— are selling essays to college and university students. they say that it undermines the hard work done by most students. 0nline retailer amazon has opened its first non—food store in the uk. the shoppers is a new bluewater shopping centre in kent, selling 2000 of its most popular products, including books and electronics. the output is cold and electronics. the output is cold and was star, because every item sold there has received at least a four star review from users of the website. scientists have discovered a new species of dinosaur that is related to the t rex. but it was about the size of a chicken. the creature, called pendraig milnerae lived more than 200 million years ago in what we now know as south wales and the bristol channel. it's a discovery that nearly didn't happen because of a filing error, as our science correspondent laura foster reports. it's a killer roughly the size of a chicken, and it existed tens of millions of years before more well—known dinosaurs such as the t—rex and velociraptor came along. it would have had a very narrow and long snout, but otherwise, yeah, a typical theropod — walking on two legs, with a long tail and a mouth full of sharp, serrated teeth. but the clues to its existence have been hidden in the depths of the natural history museum since the 1950s — mistakenly filed alongside crocodile remains. there's not much of the animal. what we have is really fantastically preserved. it's only now the uk's earliest meat—eating dinosaur has been identified. this goes to show how vast the collections of the natural history museum are and we have so many specimens... you know, it's not always straightforward. discoveries like this are rare, but they give us a very important insight into the very early stages of dinosaur evolution. laura foster, bbc news, at the natural history museum in london. a full round—up of the news in a few minutes, with plenty on the concept of particles in a speech by the prime minister. reaction from our business editor and political reaction from our political correspondent. time for a look at the weather now. most of us will keep you lengthy spells of sunshine for the rest of the day, but for northern ireland, cloud thickening and we are seeing outbreaks of him turning increasingly persistent and heavy, temperatures cost average for the time of year, but warm in the sunshine in the south. 0vernight tonight, we will see some very mild air cushion of the atlantic, we have room for scotland and northern ireland, too, and stay in quite damp around the western coasts and hills of england and wales, with drizzle in some mist and fog patches in the coasts and hills as well. but it'll be very mild for most, temperatures between around 12 and 15 celsius. tomorrow, probably quite a murky start across the west, and that rain continued to come down across scotland and northern ireland through much of the day, east wales and central eastern england, and perhaps abstains east of scotland, sinks and bricks in the cloud, and very hurt impetus for the time of year come into low 20s. the prime minister warns there will be difficulties as the country transitions towards what he calls a high—wage, high—skill economy. addressing the conservative party conference, mrjohnson said it was part of his plan to level up the country. this government that got brexit done thatis this government that got brexit done that is getting the covid vaccine role like dunn, is going to get social care done, and will deal with the underlying issues of our economy and society, the problem is that no government has had the confidence and the guts to tackle before. we'll be bring you the details of his speech and get reaction to what he had to say. also, millions of families will be a thousand pounds a year worse off from today, due to the end of the £20—a—week increase to universal credit. facebook founder mark zuckerberg hits back at criticism from an ex—employee—turned?whistleblower — saying the firm cares

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