Researchers use high-resolution imaging to observe HIV infection process in the cell nucleus
Scientists at EMBL Heidelberg and at the Zentrum für Infektiologie at Heidelberg University Hospital have succeeded for the first time in imaging HIV during transport into the nucleus of an infected cell.
The electron tomographic images show the protein envelope of the virus passing through one of the nuclear pores - the openings in the membrane around the nucleus that allow molecules in and out. The scientists found that the virus passes through the nuclear pore intact, only breaking apart inside the nucleus, where it releases its genetic information. This clarifies an important mechanism by which the virus s genetic material is integrated into the genome of the infected cell.
Date Time
Intriguing new twist to unfolding story of DNA
Scientists have developed ground-breaking techniques for visualising the stresses and strains placed on tiny twisted DNA circles.
Using advanced atomic force microscope technology and a supercomputer, the research team from the Universities of Leeds, Sheffield, York and the John Innes Centre revealed that twisted DNA can develop kinks and creases that help to package it into compact shapes.
Getting a DNA molecule into a cell involves a process of folding called supercoiling, where the DNA is twisted and looped.
The researchers believe their technique for visualising how DNA can compact so tightly will accelerate the development of new forms of gene therapy where diseases can be prevented or cured by because these very small circles of DNA can squeeze into cells more easily.
Date Time
Stirring up Conflicts in Tumour Cells
With two commercially available inhibitors, the cell cycle of the cancer cells in the childhood tumour neuroblastoma can be disrupted at a key point causing tumour cell death.
Survival curve of the TH-MYCN mouse model during long-term treatment with Aurora-A inhibitor (purple), ATR inhibitor (blue) or the combination of both agents (red). It is clearly visible that the combination therapy prolongs survival time. (Image: Gabriele Büchel / Universität Würzburg)
Neuroblastomas are malignant solid tumours that occur mainly in early childhood. They arise from degenerated immature cells of the sympathetic nervous system.
you can get a range of results from a good profile to an unusable one but we ve reached the point where we can create a genetic profile from just 10 to 20 cells. since the early days in the development of d.n.a. profiling 35 years ago the amounts of genetic material needed to get a result have fallen steadily. every cell nucleus in the body contains a person s entire genome packed into 23 pairs of chromosomes. half of your d.n.a. comes from your mother and the other half is from your father forensic investigators compare stretches of d.n.a. they can vary widely from individual to individual segments that don t encode for genes the trick is to 1st make millions of copies of the d.n.a. under examination that s what enables can even tiny traces of d.n.a. to be analyzed. at a crime scene there may be thousands of touch d.n.a.
clearly how we engage the white blood cells contain a key that allows you to turn back the clock of your physiological age by a number of years. it s found inside the cell nucleus in the chromosomes which contain the genetic information or d.n.a. . strand of d.n.a. has a cap at the end known as a telomeres these caps protect the chromosome from becoming damaged. every time our cells divide the telomeres are shortened until eventually they cease to do their job causing the cells to age cease functioning or die. regular exercise appears to slow down this process. and a force to do discovery carried out a preliminary study with so-called master athletes. these are people who have done insurance training all their lives dry. marathon runners olympic champions world champions they trained on average for thirty five years and we found that in this