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IMAGE: A model of the zigzag carbon nanobelt (with a magnification of 50 million) produced by a 3D printer at the Equipment Development Center, Institute for Molecular Science. view more
Credit: NINS/IMS
The current method of manufacturing carbon nanotubes in essence rolled up sheets of graphene is unable to allow complete control over their diameter, length and type. This problem has recently been solved for two of the three different types of nanotubes, but the third type, known as zigzag nanotubes, had remained out of reach. Researchers with Japan s National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS) have now figured out how to synthesize the zigzag variety.
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IMAGE: (a-b) Multimode interaction in a single optomechanical resonator creates an extensible synthetic gauge field; (c-e) Responses of optical photons and phonons in the cavity under different synthetic magnetic field intensities.. view more
Credit: CHEN Yuan et al.
The research team led by Prof. GUO Guangcan and Dr. DONG Chunhua from the University of Science and Technology of China realized synthetic gauge fields in a single optomechanical resonator by controlling geometric phase with the multimode interaction in the micro-resonator.
By engineering a Hamiltonian, uncharged particles or bosonic excitations can acquire a path-dependent phase which realizes a synthetic magnetic field. Such synthetic gauge field can improve the precision of quantum many-body simulation and control over bosons.
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IMAGE: a) Energy levels used to achieve SCC. b) A schematic diagram of SCC readout. c) The excitation spectrum of the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center used here at cryogenic temperature of 8?K.. view more
Credit: ZHANG Qi et al.
The team led by Professor DU Jiangfeng and Professor WANG Ya from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance of the University of Science and Technology of China put forward an innovative spin-to-charge conversion method to achieve high-fidelity readout of qubits, stepping closer towards fault-tolerant quantum computing.
Quantum supremacy over classical computers has been fully exhibited in some specific problems, yet the next milestone, fault-tolerant quantum computing, still requires the accumulated logic gate error and the spin readout fidelity to exceed the fault-tolerant threshold. DU s team has resolved the first requirement in the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center system [
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IMAGE: Klaudia Wojtaszek (IFJ PAN) prepares samples for placement in the measurement chamber at the XAS research station of the SOLARIS synchrotron. view more
Credit: Source: IFJ PAN
Few compounds are as important to industry and medicine today as titanium dioxide. Despite the variety and popularity of its applications, many issues related to the surface structure of materials made of this compound and the processes taking place therein remain unclear. Some of these secrets have just been revealed to scientists from the Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences. It was the first time they had used the SOLARIS synchrotron in their research.
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IMAGE: A conductive AFM tip is used to scan the sample surface of an a-Si:H/c-Si interface under ultra-high vacuum on the nm scale, revealing the transport channels of the charge carriers. view more
Credit: Martin Künsting /HZB
Silicon solar cells are now so cheap and efficient that they can generate electricity at prices of less than 2 cent/kWh. The most efficient silicon solar cells today are made with less than 10 nanometres thin selective amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) contact layers, which are responsible for separating the light-generated charges . Efficiencies of over 24% are achieved at HZB with such silicon heterojunction solar cells and are also part of a tandem solar cell that lead to a recently reported efficiency record of 29.15 % (A. Al-Ashouri, et al.