And the colonial marines is a e unit that resembles on a much m smaller scale the union color regiments of the civil war in that the officers are white men, but the enlisted men and the ncos are africanamericans. And they are being attracted into the service because theyr not being compelled to it, and indeed, as far as we can tell, f most of the runaways, indeed, tl including most of the men, dont choose to be colonial marines. H some may end up as sailors or ms others work more informally as guides. Many women worked as laundresses and nurses. Hem some of them are serving as paid servants for british officers rh and others go to work for the ts dockyard in bermuda. So theres a whole range of roles, and it is a subset of the men who are serving in the colonial marines and theyre not compelled to do this, though aro there is a great deal of t persuasion applied to encourage them to serve. By the and they are attracted by the fact they will be paid, they re will receive decent clothing
Now, admittedly, in the summer of 1811, madison knew that george, iii,s old ministers were not likely to ease up. Now, this prediction would come to pass. Now, how do we know this . We know this because of an editorial in the administration newspaper. Oh, sorry. Okay. All right. I wasnt looking behind me. Yes. Onwards and upwards. Yes, how do we know this . Because an editorial in the newspaper, the national intelligence, the newspaper that coburn trashed when he burned washington in 1814, it said as much. And we know from a surviving fragment of the diary of the paper, joseph gales, that madison had dictated the contents of that editorial to the editor. So what that means is that as early as the spring of 1811, madison was considering very seriously the need to go to war with Great Britain. And this is seven months before the 12th congress and the war hawks even meet in washington. They would continue with these policies for as long as it took r took for them to end this abomination o
So what that means is that as early as the spring of 1811, madison was considering very seriously the need to go to war with Great Britain. And this is seven months before the 12th congress and the war hawks even meet in washington. They would continue with these policies for as long as it took r took for them to end this abomination of the affairs of europe. Now, this was 1811. In 1811, nobody was predicting that Napoleon Bonaparte would be gone. You might have made that prediction after 1812 and 1813, but in 1811, nobody was kournting kourn counting on napoleon going away any time soon. He decided he had no other option than to prepare for war against Great Britain. It took this decision weeks and weeks before congress knew what policies that might have to pass judgment. Maybe its spoke man worked its way through committees and votes and the house of representatives as congress prepared for war in the First Six Months of november late after november of 1811. But the primary movement
1832 in the wake of nat turners revolt. Until then, theres an actual fair amount of teaching slaves to read and write, particularly artisans and house slaves. The other thing is, this is also a period in which the vast majority of enslaved people in the chesapeake have become christians, and theyre usually methodist or baptist and their class leaders or teachers would like many of them to be able to read the bible. So theres much more literacy than we have bargained on, and you dont need everybody to be able to read it. If theres one group of 50 who can read, he can read it to everybody else. The other thing is that people in america are lousy at keeping secrets. They are the worlds worst people at keeping secrets and this comes back to bite them all time in the war of 1812. You get officers in the front line writing letters about how terrible their troops are and theyre not prepared and theyre sick and they get published in the newspapers of that time. People talk about stuff. They ca
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