he delivered his remarks to a national audience. the 65 minute speech, give or take, it all the important issues that have dominated these early days of the biden presidency. president highlighted progress made on the pandemic and the economy. but also called for action on other issues like infrastructure. he said that means jobs, childcare, police reform. here is just some of what we heard from president biden tonight. >> after just 100 days, i can report to the nation america is on the move again. [applause] turning crisis to opportunity. setbacks into strength. we all know life can knock us down. but in america we never ever, ever stay down. tonight, i can see because of you, the american people, our progress the hunt hundred days against one of the worst pandemics in history, has been one of the greatest logistical achievements. logistical achievements this country has ever seen. the american jobs plan is a blue collar, blueprint, to build america. [applause] that's what it is. and recognize something i've always said, this chamber and the other. good guys and women are wall street, but wall street did not build this country. the middle class bill the country. and men unions built the middle class! we also need to make a once in a generation investment in our families and our children. that's why i'm going to introduce the american families plan tonight. american families plan will provide access to quality, affordable childcare. my fellow americans, we have to come together to rebuild trust between law enforcement and the people they serve. to root out systemic racism in our criminal justice system. and doing that police reform in george floyd's name that passed the house already. as i turn every will lever i've ever met with over the years, is never been a good bet to bet against america. and it still isn't. [applause] where the united states of america! there's not a single thing, nothing beyond our capacity. we can do whatever we set our minds to, if we do it together. >> so that was tonight. we are also following the breaking news today that fbi agents executed search warrants at rudy giuliani's manhattan apartment and office. to seize electronic devices. news of the early morning raid on former president trump's former personal lawyer, first reported by the new york times. we will have much more on this story and the federal investigation into rudy giuliani later in this hour. with that, we have a lot of business to take care of. with that, let's bring in our lead off guests on this wednesday night. philip rucker, senior correspondent for the washington post. alicia menendez, host of american voices, weekends at 6 pm eastern on this very. network also happens to be host of the podcast latina to latina. eugene robinson, pulitzer prize-winning columnist. also with the washington post. and a b stoddard, veteran washington journalists. eugene, i'd like to begin with you. the president tonight spoke in the way presidents have spoken to the american people. traditionally over the years, over the generations -- stylistically one difference. an extraordinary amount of the use of tone. at times speaking to a whisper. that may have owed to the sparse population of that cavernous chamber. and it may have translated very intimately to television viewers. on the content in your view, did he hit the mark? >> on the content, i really think it was a pretty extraordinary speech. certainly extraordinary in the sense that it was a speech that we have not heard from a president in the last 40 years. and could not have heard from a president in the last 40 years, since the reagan era. and i was struck by something -- actually the tim scott said in response. he said, there was a feeling that this nation is sliding off its chair and foundations. there was that same feeling in the country at the end of the jimmy carter administration. in came ronald reagan, he use that moment to shift the center of gravity of our political strengths from substantially to the right. government was the enemy. the idea was to get government out of your business and trickle down economics was the only economics that worked. and that's kind of where we have been until now. or at least until now in joe biden's vision. so the speech in which he spoke expansively of the role that big government can play in making our lives better. and making us safer and healthier. and more productive and more secure. he said, trickle down economics have never worked. even though that has been the reigning orthodoxy for 40 years. we are at a moment because of the till molt of the trump years, and the catastrophe of covid, when i think he believes the nation is receptive to the sort of message. and needs this sort of message. so he really went big in the speech. went big in t>> great point aby carter who came back after a camp david surgeon, gave a speech to the nation about our decay. including our moral decay. but dignity exhort the way a juror biden used exhortation's tonight in that speech to our better angels. and to our better history. this alicia, i have something for you. joe biden could not help but reference behind him tonight. >> madam speaker, madam vice president -- [applause] no president has ever said those words from this podium. newest president has ever said those words. and it's about time. >> alicia that was not a superficial thing with. that is an important win with the president chose to highlight. >> yes, hard to overstate the significance of that moment brian. expanding to our sense of a leader is, who a leader can look like, who is worthy of power. who is capable of pulling off an elbow bump and still looking exceptionally cool. i think all of that would have fallen a little flat. or would've felt a little empty if there also wasn't so much in this speech, both policy wise and rhetorically, that really spoke to the women of america. so i love the belief that any issue is a women's issue. immigration is a women's issue. climate change is a women's issue. but when you talk about the americans families plan, there was a lot in the speech tonight that really really targeted at women. so you talk about a historic investment in child care. that's an issue for women on both sides. both because women rely on child care in order to participate in the workforce. and because women are very often the ones providing that care. their big part of the care economy. it's an economic issue for them on both sides. you talk about paid family leave, paid medical leave, and making that universal and guaranteed. women are the majority of americans who do not currently have that type of paid leave. even something like universal pre-k, which of course is for our children and making sure that our children are educated and competitive. it also has an impact on women. it's very often a determine of whether or not they participate in the workforce. so, i go back to the framework, brian, that he offered at the beginning of the speech. which was this idea of crisis and on par to nutty. he used that, he will get throughout the entire speech. when it comes to this question in particular, the crisis for women in this country is crystal clear. he laid out. 2 million women lost their jobs during this pandemic. a quarter of women in this country say that their families financial situation is worse in now than when the pandemic began. the crisis is very real to american women. when he began to do tonight was to lay out and offer up what the opportunity for deep structural change could really look. like >> where are we on unity, something the president touched on in his remarks often using that frequency modulation when he reduced his voice to a whisper, still extraordinary in that chamber, it was often to try to get republicans with him. just as often it was to make a point to the audience as home that he is trying to get support for these initiatives. >> it is exactly right brian. i think the president was looking positive as members of congress in the chamber and talking directly to americans at home. he was talking to try to listen, trying to find some compromise. he knows many of those republican stayed seated throughout the speech, they didn't agree with him on different things and biden talked about not wanting to be confrontational about the issue of gun control. and then when you look at the substantive element of his jobs plan which is a massive plan on the scale of the growth we saw during fdr, so many of those elements are very popular polling will tell us with the american people. biden tried to drive that home. he said that this is a blue collar blueprint for america. he talked about jobs, creating better drugs for people, giving them a better livelihood and foundation for their families. he knows that mitch mcconnell, kevin mccarthy and their members in their caucuses do not agree, ideologically, but the substance of those policies, but he was trying to sell them tonight to the american people listening tonight. >> it falls upon you to comment about something just handed to me from social media. kevin mccarthy want silver badly to be speaker of the house, this whole thing could've just been an email. poetic, artful perhaps, for those who did not listen to every word of tim scott's rebuttal. where does this biden speech put the republicans? >> we'll, to touch on what phil was talking about i think the administration worked extremely hard and strategically to send a message to voters outside their coalition. by americans, stand up to china, lower prescription drug prices, a blue collar blueprint for new jobs that do not require college degree or an associate degree. it went on and on, and he went over the liberal, progressive wish list priority in the second half of the speech and he prioritized reaching the median voter in the middle of the speech. of course, it was not a good look when kevin mccarthy in the republican stayed seated for cutting child poverty in half, and they're not gonna vote for that, so it's not a surprise. i did think that senator scott's response was extraordinarily well done. some of the things that he said, you could differ with his policy points. having him be the person who potentially might be going up against stacey abrams on those voting rights measures, i think it was very shrewd. but you're gonna hear from republicans that this was all too expensive and it is impossible that trump is out of office to do expensive things. i think it will be very tough for them to be fighting back on a lot of the provisions that biden made a point to highlight that they knew would bode well and would reach across the aisle, and would be attractive to members of the trump coalition, support for elderly caregivers, all of these things that he made a point beyond just ending cancer, really speaking to the needs of the social safety net and the challenges, economic challenges, for the middle of the country and not just voters in the democratic coalition. he was clear, that was their goal and they did that effectively. >> fantastic analysis from our four friends, so much so that we would like more. we're gonna take a quick break, we have asked all of our guests to stay. now that the speech is over and the plan is laid out, a look at how the president is already selling it. james carville will join us with his take on the night and those now famous comments. and later the days other top stories as we mentioned, federal raid on rudy giuliani, all of it when our special coverage continues on this wednesday night. >> american tax dollars are going to be used by american products, made in america to create american jobs, that is the way that it is supposed to be and it will be in the sub ministration. try febreze light. it eliminates odors with no heavy perfumes 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he handed a copy of his speech to the vice president said i've waited a long time to do this. after the speech it looked like he would be perfectly fine if he could just stay there for a couple of hours and linger with the folks who have always been his favorites and that is elected members of congress. it is home to him in so many ways. it's where he gets his comfort level. it's something about the pandemic that has really hampered his style of governing and getting along in washington. and i think phil, republican or democrat, if you're looking on, you have to concede that is pretty much who this guy is. >> i think that is right, brian. we should keep in mind that this is a president for whom it is not only home but it's where he grew up. it's where he came of age. he arrived in washington as a very young man, and had spent decades in the senate. sitting year after year in that very chamber, to listen to a series of presidents deliver the state of the union. he wanted to be the president three times, and it wasn't until nile that he got elected. this was a moment that he knew he would be waiting for. clearly when he ran for president, he decided to run for president two years ago, he did not know that it would be delivered in a nearly empty chamber with everyone wearing masks, but that is the reality of the pandemic that we're living in. but a special moment for him. as he left, he lingered for a while, with a number of those lawmakers, the house member from connecticut who had spent so many years fighting for some of the policies that biden is now embracing as part of his agenda here. but with so many others as well including report demand, it's clear that he is a congenial president who likes to have relationships with these lawmakers, even if they're not gonna regret the end of the day. portman along with every other republican voted against the covid relief package and yet they're still having a communication there with biden. >> eugene, pressing issues of our time, and that is just social justice and policing. the white house, of course, promised us there would be a substantial portion of the speech devoted to that. here now assembling and we will discuss on the other side. >> we've all seen the knee of justice on the neck of black people. here is our opportunity to make some real progress. >> eugene, did he hit the issue squarely enough for the audience watching for that issue? >> i think he did. i think he hit it as squarely as he could. on the one hand, he wanted to be straightforward and bold in his remark, on his other hand, he wanted to leave room for a negotiation, negotiations that are ongoing between tim scott on the republican side and cory booker and congresswoman karen bass on the democratic side to try to get to something that will actually pass the senate. if he held back a little bit and that part of the speech i think it was to give room for that negotiation to perhaps bear fruit. throughout the speech he kept that in mind. he wanted to leave room for a negotiation that fell short of what people were asking for but still made progress. >> a.b. there have been a lot of columns about something about biden has stump the opposition party. certainly attempts at personal attacks have fallen flat. senator cruz pointed out the attack phrase, boring but radical, which went over a lot like senator cruises last attempt at a vacation. is that all there is, are they left to simply attack him on substance on the merits? >> absolutely. they've all admitted privately and publicly that you can't attack your grandpa, he's the nicest guy. there was an incredible cartoon, i mean a mean from the onion that biden's new childcare program is that people should drop their toddlers in the white house. it is the way that he speaks to everybody, no attack, no gratuitous indulgent digs tonight. trying to appeal to everybody in the most common terms as he can. speaking of shared pain, the way we feel about caring for elderly people, the way we feel about our children, the way we feel about the disease. it's just what he does best and it is why he has met the moment in terms of being elected president and dealing with these dueling issues. it is going to be extremely difficult for him to get these proposals passed, but as i said, in terms of the polling approval ratings he has received so far, they've outlasted what they usually have. there's usually a plunged. and if the way that he spoke to those middle voters tonight continue to keep unpopular, that is going to be tough for republican. >> alicia, one of the toughest spots he was in going into night was on immigration. what do you make of what we got from him? >> i think there are a lot of advocates who would've liked to have heard the president talk about families and children coerced ill being kept in detention. that said, i think they also knew that there would be the possibility that immigration didn't even get touch tonight. and the way you heard the president approaching it is exactly right, the status quo is not working. that is something that every american can agree on. you can agree that the system is broken. we know that there are things that are wildly popular, preserving protections for doc of recipients, extending protections for those who have protective status, a pathway to citizenship for farm workers who are deemed essential during the pandemic. that doesn't get you to the 11 million undocumented having a pathway to citizenship that most advocates would like to see, but it gets you a part of the way. i think the fact that he's willing to say, hey guys, we agree about all of this, let's come to the table and get this done, it was a good starting point. >> best analysis in the business, we have offered you tonight, so appreciative of these four friends to stay up with us and start off our hour. philip rucker, alicia menendez, eugene but robinson, a.b. stoddard, many thanks. coming up after the next break we discussed his concerns about democratic wokeness last night, james carville happens to be here tonight with more advice on how republicans can make their agendas become a reality. me a reality try febreze unstopables fabric refresher. with 2 times the scent power of regular febreze, unstopables fabric finds, neutralizes and eliminates tough odors trapped in hard-to-wash fabrics, like couches or smelly sports equipment; leaving an irresistibly fresh scent. and for a tropical burst of freshness, try new paradise scent. stop sneaky odors from lingering in your home, with febreze unstopables. overspending on a retinol cream? just one jar of olay retinol24 hydrates better than the $100 retinol cream. for smooth, bright skin or your money back. olay. face anything. and try new retinol24 max. ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ >> president biden addressed attention, california. new federal funding of $3 billion is available to help more people pay for health insurance — no matter what your income. how much is yours? julie and bob are paying $700 less, every month. dee got comprehensive coverage for only $1 a month. and the navarros are paying less than $100 a month. check coveredca.com to see your new, lower price. the sooner you sign up the more you save. only at covered california. this way to health insurance. congress for the first time as presidents with fellow democrats holding just the slimmest of majorities. with that in mind our next guest has a warning for his own party telling an interview with fox quote, wokeness is a problem and everybody knows it. it is hard to talk to anybody today and i talked to lots of people in the democratic party who don't say this but they don't want to say it out loud because they will get clobbered or canceled. we welcome back our friend james carville, he rose to national fame with the clinton administration. james, first of all with what we witnessed tonight let's start there. earlier today, you said the bride didn't presidency has been in its own quiet way, revolutionary. i look at that speech tonight and in terms of its scope it is either john sewn or roosevelt thin? >> it might be more than both if you look at the actual proposals that were in there, they're very dramatic and very bold. i think the president thinks that the fabric of the country were -- losing it. we need to do something like this to bring people together and get people out of poverty and get middle class jobs moving. i give him a lot of credit. it was radical, bold whatever you want to call it, but it was very earthy in the presentation. he got out there and spoke straight to the american people, didn't use the stupid jargon that people have become addicted to these days. i thought the delivery and his actual demeanor and his choice of words was really good. but what he was proposing, let's not kid ourselves, this is some huge stuff here. really big. >> about jargon, you are right we are up to our next in it. i talked to so many friends of mine who are frustrated to the point of not taken on topics because in their words, they don't know what to call things. they don't know the current terminology to use and they don't want to offend anyone. lest you haven't brushed up on the less 12 hour here jen is a bit of with jane's told vox, you ever get the sense that people in fancy colleges use a different language? they come up with the work lath latinx that no one else uses so they say communities of color. i don't know anyone who speaks like that? there is nothing wrong with these phrases, but this is not how people talk. this is not how voters talk. james, it can be worse in terms of causing tumult when congresswoman to lead says, and policing, and incarceration as i like to say every time she says that, another republican congressional candidate gets their wings. i know this frustrates the speaker that it is the member of the democratic caucus. are you calling for more party discipline as they used to call it during the bob straw's days? >> yes. that kind of talk guarantees you one thing, defeat. and they know that. i'm sure she's a smart person, but you're not advancing what we're trying to do here. all you are doing is making people whose elections. i can breakthrough to people [laughs] [inaudible] we have to get more votes. and we should've won this election hugely, and we come across this condescending tone to people. and i hear democrats and other people in the country feel like they're being top down to. we have to use straightforward language, all this faculty lounge nonsense, if i want to learn about academia, i'm gonna go learn about it, but keep it out of political language because they don't know what you're talking about. >> when and how did the democrats lose that? how did they lose the ability to talk iowa, to talk louisiana, to talk montana? >> i think what happened is underneath is the coalition changed and it became more educated and it became more urban. and what it did do i think we lapsed into a language that we didn't grow up about. clinton didn't spoke condescending to anybody. and we saw that tonight with joe biden. i think we're letting the faculty lounge wing of the party undo the message. i'm glad they're voting for us, that's fine. but you know brian, you and i have talked a lot of time and sometimes we disagree but we talk english to each other. i'm not confused when you're asking me a question, and i don't think you're confused when i give you an answer. a lot of this jargon confuses people, and this is a one-off thing with the congressman of detroit i, hope no one repeats that, and i hope that we can get a better way to get that messaging out. but that does nobody any good. >> for my part, i can't recommended for others but i think you should remain completely and educated, it sure has helped me. james carville, a friend of the show, and a friend of us, thank you for having this discussion. coming up, another big headline, a raid for rudy giuliani, we have to itemize them, we have 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different. today federal agents executed search warrants at his home and office. as we mentioned the investigation focused on whether mr. giuliani illegally lobby the trump administration on behalf of ukrainian officials and oligarchs. authorities say they helped giuliani dig for dirt on trump's political rivals including joe biden, and hunter biden. rudy's activities were linked to events that led to trump's first impeachment. back with us tonight is daniel goldman, he also served as general counsel for the house intel committee during that first trump impeachment. counselor, a very basic question to start with. what does it mean that a federal judge approved and allowed a raid, by the feds, on rudy giuliani whose portrait still hangs at the southern district of new york because he ran the office? >> well, brian, there is a technical answer and there's a more figurative answer. the technical answer is that a judge found that there is probable cause to believe that there is evidence of a crime in his apartment and in his office. but the figurative answer as you just mentioned, it's much more significant. this is not only the former u.s. attorney of that office, but it was also the president's former lawyer. and the most prolific proponents of the bogus investigations that led to donald trump's first impeachment. what we're really seeing is this is the flip side of the coin of giuliani's activities in ukraine. we know from the impeachment that he was trying to dig up dirt on donald trump's potential and eventual political opponents. presidential opponents, joe biden. and he was trying to create an announcement of ashamed investigation that would vindicate donald trump in the 2016 election. that is the political side of it. what we are now seeing is that the southern district of new york is honing in on a financial side of this whole ordeal, which is to say that they are looking at whether or not giuliani received money from ukrainians to influence donald trump or the u.s. public. it does not have to be an actual government official in order to be a crime. but for ukrainian purposes that giuliani was paid to do that and he didn't register as a foreign agent, which is a crime. >> this is probably officially more and aside than a question, it is not meant to be snide, but go ahead and take a swing at it. has it occurred to anyone that if doj had not slow walked this under attorney general barr, as alleged, if they had pulled off this raid a year ago today, he would've been pardoned by his good friend donald trump in all likelihood. >> that is a very good point. you've raised the issue which is that there was reporting last fall that bill barr intervened and squashed the attempt by the southern district career prosecutor to obtain a search warrant on giuliani and they may have been even more than one time, while the administration has flipped, there is no a political, nonpartisan reason, not to authorize the search warrant, so this new department of justice playing everything by the book straight down the middle recognized that there was likely significant probable cause to get this search warrant. it is an extraordinary measure, it is very unusual, not unique, but it is uncommon to get a search warrant against an attorney. certainly it heightened tons the scrutiny because it is the former attorney of the president. but it is a reflection that the other means of getting information were insufficient such as a subpoena, asking for his cooperation, so a judge recognized that the only way to get this information from giuliani was a search warrant, and that is a significant indication that there is a lot of information here, and there may be, often there is, some education that giuliani has attempted to obstruct justice by hiding or disposing of information that would be relevant to this investigation. >> condensed to me in the parlance of the great sam ervin, rudy giuliani is in a heap of trouble. daniel goldman, we can't thank you enough after all of these interviews you've given for staying up late and explaining this to our viewers. thank you counselor. coming up for us. there is no substitute for asking an actual presidential historian what he made of tonight speech by the president. we will do just that with michael beschloss after this. schloss after this then they get release back into the air, so you smell them later. ew right? that's why febreze created small spaces. press firmly and watch it get to work. unlike the leading cone, small spaces continuously eliminates odors in the air and on surfaces. so they don't come back for 45 days. just imagine what it can do with other odors. ♪ the light. ♪ it comes from within. it drives you. and it guides you. to shine your brightest. ♪ as you charge ahead. illuminating the way forward. a light maker. recognizing that the impact you make comes from the energy you create. introducing the all-electric lyriq. lighting the way. ♪ start your day with secret. secret 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tested, in america, we do our part, we all do our part. that is all i'm asking. that we do our part, all of us. if we do that, we will meet the senator challenged by proving that democracy is durable and strong. >> back with us tonight to talk about what we covered and what we witnessed this evening the celebrated author and presidential historian michael beschloss, his latest work is presidents of war and his next book which we are waiting for is about our presidents and race in american society. michael, we have talked during our coverage about whether the speech was like roosevelt in his scope not style, in its style it may have been unique, but you get the answer the first part of that question. >> i think the style was classic biden, which is very different from lbj and very different from fdr, he has his own strengths. but in terms of ambition, absolutely like roosevelt and like -- it reminded me of fdr, 1933, in the sense that fdr was dealing with enormous problems, closure of the banks, people were out of their ounces, they're out of their jobs, they were starving. roosevelt said i'm going to come up with unprecedented government programs, the government is gonna be more active that it has ever been before to give people relief and opened the banks. but also, and here is the key thing that i think is in common with joe biden, roosevelt also said, i'm not only gonna fix problems and make deals, i'm going to change the system so that we have a smaller likelihood of having those problems ever again. and have a society that is stronger and freer and more fair. lbj did the same thing in 1965, that's why he called his domestic program, as we know, the great society. government would do things in education, and to help the poor, and on medicare, and all sorts of other ways that had not been tried before to make this a better and greater society. biden may not have used a kind of language, and may not be that kind of order, but he is very much in that class. listening to biden tonight remind me a little bit, you and i have talked as you know i've had the honor of studding under the great scholar of leadership james burns, and his old thing was that our system benefits when we are lucky enough to elect a president that is transformational, wants to transform the system not just change problems. i think we saw a transformational president. the >> line he ended with, we are the united states of america, there is nothing beyond our capacity, nothing we can't do if we do it together. when you compare that to the last four years, you visit a house under construction, someone struggling to put it together and you say, perhaps it would be better if you use this hammer, that hammer has been available rhetorically to every u.s. president, people love it when they hear it but not everyone is willing to use it. >> we've been through this terrible disaster, this pandemic, for the last 14 months, plus, it has reminded me about lincoln saying to general mcclelland that if you are not planning to use the army, may i use it and actually get some progress against the confederacy? donald trump, for 14 months did the minimum in terms of using the presidency, using the vast power of the federal government to help americans do the most basic things of protecting themselves from being killed by this pandemic. many of the half million, plus people who died of covid did not need to die, and that was because he wasn't a strong leader and he didn't do his job. >> let me fit in a break, when michael comes back, he and i will discuss the loss of a great american just today. t today. try febreze unstopables fabric refresher. with 2 times the scent power of regular febreze, unstopables fabric finds, neutralizes and eliminates tough odors trapped in hard-to-wash fabrics, like couches or smelly sports equipment; leaving an irresistibly fresh scent. and for a tropical burst of freshness, try new paradise scent. stop sneaky odors from lingering in your home, with febreze unstopables. touch after touch bacteria in your home never stops. that's why microban 24 doesn't just sanitize and stop. it keeps killing bacteria for 24 hours. spray on hard surfaces to kill 99.9% of viruses and bacteria initially including the covid-19 virus. once dry microban forms a shield that keeps killing bacteria for 24 hours. touch after touch. don't just sanitize. keep killing bacteria for 24 hours with microban 24 >> i believe are setting up the flag now. >> great. >> i guess you're about the only person around that doesn't have tv coverage of the scene. >> that's all right. i don't mind a bit. >> that was houston talking to michael collins, the astronaut orbited the earth -- the moon, 60 miles above the surface while armstrong and aldrin were down on the surface of the moon. michael beschloss remains with us, we lost collins today of the three, only buzz aldrin survives. i just saw the nights at age 85, here is collins on the floor talking to a class of kindergartens, and if you know little kids, the best way to talk to them is get down on their level -- this guy was an air force test pilot, he retired at the rank of general, astronaut, gemini missions, apollo mission's, a lovely gentleman. he also, michael, stands for a dying idea. when america john f. kennedy made its effort to go to the mood, we made it under the decade he gave us. >> even despite that terrible fire that apollo suffered in january 67. michael collins, he is such an american figure, the kind of person that we'd want our children to grow up to be like. almost mr. rogers like, and you saw in that photograph we just saw when he was 85. lovely and gentlemanly are the words that i would use, and also modest. he was a test pilot but he was not a squabbling self promoter, like a few astronauts were. and i always thought that nasa was very shrewd in the people that they selected for certain missions and certain jobs. michael collins knew that when apollo 11 took off, the people who would be best known by future americans would not be him, but they would be armstrong and aldrin, as it turned out to be. at the same time, you would've had no armstrong for aldrin unless you had collins, not only patiently in that command module circling the earth, but let's just imagine if, may god forbid, anything that happen to armstrong or aldrin on the moon, michael collins would've been the one who would have had to return to earth in that command module and emerge from that capsule, and go through a lot of public ceremonies. i think that the people at nasa chose these astronauts very carefully, they knew that this was someone, if god forbid, that ever happened would do that with great sensitivity in great dignity. >> a generation of space geeks joins the collins in mourning his loss at the age of 99. thanks to our friend michael beschloss. that is going to do it for this wednesday night special speech edition of our broadcast, our special live coverage of the presidents joint address to congress continues live with chris hayes, right after this. right after this. ,. . on the eve of the 100th day of his administration, just a few hours ago, president joe biden gave his very first joint address to congress. speech coming just hours after