>> announcer: live from cnn center, this is cnn newsroom, with kim brunhuber. it may be too soon to say whether the omicron variant is milder than other forms of covid-19, researchers at imperial college london say they found no evidence it is any less severe than delta and the risk of getting infected again is five times great wer omicron than delta. data shows it is spreading fast nert u.k. than south africa, with infections doubling in two and a half days. the u.k. reported more than 93,000 cases on friday breaking the record for a third day in a row. irish government is trying to stem its own omicron surge. in addition to other measures, restaurants and bars will have to shut their doors at 8:00 p.m. starting sunday. and across the atlantic, the spread of omicron has u.s. health experts urging people to get vaccinated and get boosted. it's clear that omicron is an extremely contagious variant and doubles every two to four days and look at the projections of what that means and we're in for a lost cases of people getting sbftsed with this virus. what we would like to see as many people as possible protecting themselves with vaccines, and especially with boosters in order to limit the consequences. >> one health expert predicts there will be a viral blizzard of covid cases across the u.s. within weeks as the omicron variant continues to spread quickly. hence the reality, new york is already facing, as the state reported a record number of new covid infections on friday. cnn's kyung lah has details. >> reporter: america's covid time warp. long testing and vaccination lines in miami. familiar fears of exposure. >> i'm so scared. so i decided to make an appointment to get tested. >> in new york city, the positivity rate has doubled in just four days. city health adviser tweeted we've never seen this before in nyc. a return to holiday tradition is halted once again. radio city music hall announced the christmas spectacular shows are canceled for the rest of the season due to increasing challenges of the pandemic. and pharmacies, store shelves, for rapid tests, sit empty. all echoes of the past. people fear, with more than an hour to be tested with the hand spread. >> this is coming yesterday twice and not being able to get tested. >> this is a whole new animal and we got to be honest about the fact that it is moving very fast and we have to move faster. >> the past is prologue, as new york's mayor redoubles restrictions and considers scaling back the times square new years eve celebration. a visible return of sports restrictions, hockey in montreal played to an empty stands. and nhl shut down two teams because of covid spread and the nfl postponed three days this weekend. overall, deaths are increasing nearly half of u.s. states up sharply in seven. that's an increase of 8% from just last week. >> i think we're really just about to experience a viral blizzard. if you look at what's happened in south africa, you look at what is happening in europe, i think in the next three to eight weeks we're going to see millions of americans are going to be infected with this virus. >> we are looking at a winter severe illness and death if unvaccinated. >> as with previous surges, the unvaccinated are filling hospital, as weary doctors warn they are exhausted and losing staff. >> the reality is you can't just create humans in order to provide that care and staffing is a challenge everywhere. >> what makes this winter different, while omicron may be highly, highly transmissible, vaccinations, especially boosters, can protect you from serious illness. and in a setback, parents of two to five-year-olds, pfizer says two doses of the vaccine did not produce enough immunity, and now testing out three child-sized doses. a delay until the second quarter of next year. >> you want to really get the right dose in the right regimen for the children. so although you don't like there to be a delay, you want to get it right and that's what they're talking about. >> yokyung lah, cnn, los angele cases skyrocket across the u.k. and scott mclean joins us from london. another day, another record. what's the latest? >> reporter: hey, kim, yes, the surge of omicron across the u.k. that france shut its borders to british tourists and business travelers even vaccinated one, as you mentioned the u.k. has the highest daily case count force three days, and the good news the record setting day for thursday for vaccinations given in a single day, almost a million. omicron is the dominant strain of the virus in scotland. that's where a high containment lab where i visited earlier this week found, is finding that the variant doesn't infect cells quite as quickly as previous strains of the virus, though they stress that what happens in the lab doesn't always translate to the real world. watch. >> with the omicron variant surging across the u.k., scientists at the university of glasgow are racing to confirm in the world what real world data is already suggesting. >> omicron is able to escape far better the vaccination than any other one. >> it appears to spread much more easily but some indications are that it causes less severe symptoms. >> we will possibly have a million people a day who are being infected in the u.k. and even if it is a tiny proportion of that large number, that will still result in quite a large number of hospitalizations. >> because the lab we're about to enter contains live samples of the omicron variant, we have to be decked out head to toe in protective equipment and sealed off with this respirator from any potential danger. >> when the virus sample first arrived here two weeks ago, it came in a very small vial. it's been left to grow and multiply in this incubator since then. now they finally have enough to experiment with. they have already noticed omicron does not multiply as quickly as delta. under the microscope, the dark spots are cells delta infected in 24 hours. but even after 48 hours, the omicron variant has not spread nearly as far. a potentially encouraging sign. >> this is slower in the lab and it doesn't seem to be killing the cells as the other variant. but this is also in the lab, so the question is now how does it translate into actual patients. >> and sometimes things behave differently in a lab than they would in real life. >> yes. >> in the real world, new infections of omicron are doubling in as little as two days in some parts of the u.k. >> there is a tiny wave of omicron coming. >> the government thinks that every infected person infects three to five others. one not yet peer reviewed model suggests in the worst case scenario more than half of the english population could be infected with the omicron variant over the winter months. >> this is probably the most significant threat we've had since the start of the pandemic. >> in response, prime minister boris johnson is resorting to plan b. reviving the indoor mask mandate, and introducing the covid passport for nightclubs and large events. but a vote this week to confirm the measure provoked a mutiny from within johnson's own conservative party, passing only thanks to votes from the oppositions. >> the ayes have it. >> you are segregating society based on an unacceptable thing. we are not a police society. >> they are in mainland europe, covid passports are making life difficult for the unjabbed in places like italy, france, and germany, and austria. they are now required for every day things like restaurants, public transport, going to work, or even leaving your house. austria is making adult vaccinations mandatory. the new german chancellor is pushing for the same. but when johnson suggested each even a conference about that in the future, it was publicly shot down by his own health secretary. >> we have seen plans for universal vaccinations in europe, i will never support them in this country. >> instead the government is resorting to a familiar approach, personal responsibility. >> i think people should cut down on the things that expose them. >> with record new infections friday and the threat of rising hospitalizations johnson may soon need to convince a weary public to go along with even more restrictions. unless some good news is discovered inside labs like this one. >> and a new not yet peer reviewed british study found the risk of reinfection with the omicron variant is five times higher than it was with delta. that same study also found that there is no evidence that omicron is a less severe disease than previous variants, though the researchers also stress that data on hospitalizations is still very limited. >> great reporting from that lab, scott mclean in london, thanks so much. joining me now is dr. peter chen hong, an infectious disease specialist at the university of california san francisco. thanks so much for being here with us, doctor. so we were warned about how quickly the omicron variant spread, but i think many of us were still very surprised by what's happening in the u.k., so you know, with that variant spreading here in the u.s., and predictions it will eventually take over from the delta variant, is what's happening there in the u.k. a precursor of what will happen here? >> well, kim, i think many people are fearful that what's happening in the u.k. will come to the u.s. after all, after alpha in the u.k., after delta in the u.k., we cau the ripple effects and a similar surge in the u.s. several weeks later. so again given that precedent, many people believe that what's happening in the u.k. comes over here. >> right, but the way that the u.s. and the u.k. sort of dealt with that suggests that there might be some differences this time around. take us through what those might be. >> yes, so definitely, so i think in the late spring and early summer, the u.s. and the u.k. were in very similar positions, but for different reasons. the u.k. was coming off the delta surge. the u.s. was beginning their delta surge. and they handled it in very different ways. because at some point the u.k. was also going up in cases, but then freedom day came, and july, and at one point, they were very, very similar, but the u.s. said hey, i'm seeing these cases go up, even though a large swath of the population is vaccinated, i think i'm going to put a break on our reopening, and maybe increase restrictions a little bit, in california, new york, and some of the more populous areas, there were mask mandate, events were scaled back, and people hunkered down a little bit, there was never any lockdown, but certainly a very, very different response. >> and then one of the other key differences is sort of the vaccination programs, sort of when people were vaccinated, and who, in a way, the u.k. was sort of punished for getting ahead of vaccinations so early. explain that for us. >> yes, so waning immunity is definitely another factor that might explain some of the differences, and may explain how the u.s. may respond as a country to the oncoming omicron surge. and the u.k. was very, very good at vaccinating very, very quickly, and early on, and of course, there were different vaccines used, it was astrazeneca, with pfizer, in the u.s., it was merely an mrna country with moderna and a little bit of j&j, a sprinkling, but that was done much more gradually and later. so when you come to summer time, there's a lot of waning immunity, and in the u.k., the u.s. again being very grad ule in its uptake, had still a large proportion of the population with intact immunity to delta so that is certainly an explanation. >> as you kind of referenced how the u.s. handles the omicron must depend on where in the u.s. you live. california, new york, there are already reimposing indoor mask mandates in response in part to that threat so two years into this pandemic, can we conclusively say that these mitigation measures that california for instance used works, that outcomes are measurably better in states that clamp down early and hard? >> well, it is certainly, there's a big relationship in between vaccination rates and hospitalizations and deaths. but the relationship between the other mitigation factors like masking, et cetera, is much more controversial, and it probably only helped to a certain point but they do sort of temper, the way i think about it is vaccine, the vaccine is the cake and the masking, the social distancing, that's the icing on the cake. but there's so many other factors, like waning immunity, who you immunize that play in the field, if you consider california to florida, florida was open in the same way that possibly the u.k. was, and california wasn't, but they ended up pretty much in the same place, but if you look at deaths there, there are more deaths per 100,000 in florida compared to california landscape. and you know, sometimes people refer to florida as the u.s. sweden, you know, thinking about natural immunity, it hasn't really been as successful. >> well, let's hope this booster campaign hopes us weather the oncoming omicron storm. really appreciate your perspective, thanks for joining us. >> thanks so much, kim. now, for more on how countries in europe are responding to the double threat of omicron, and delta variants, i'm joined by journalist al goodman in madrid. al, it looks like more cases and more restrictions. >> hi, kim, that's right. and the omicron variant spreads rapidly across europe and finding fertile ground in france and germany and here in spain. they're among the top ten countries in the world in terms of their total number of coronavirus cases according to johns hopkins university. so in recent days germany and france have each notched up about 50,000 new coronavirus cases each day and in spain about 17,000. now, french restrictions against british travelers just went into effect hours ago this saturday and britain has its own problems for omicron so british travelers trying to get in, what british authorities call a compelling reason to be allowed in and a negative test within 24 hours of departure. the french prime minister announcing a ban of large gatherings on new years eve. in germany, the new health minister with the new government saying omicron is a massive challenge, the government is eyeing measures targeting the unvaccinated and led to protests and arrests. 30 people arrested, protesters arrested in munich this week by police protesting the new measures. here in spain, the vaccination rate is higher, about 80% of the entire population, than most of the other european countries so the spanish government is not announcing new national measures. some of the regions are. but the pressure is being felt at hospitals, like this one, a major hospital, here in the center of madrid, where the icus, the intensive care wards, are now feeling more pressure, nationwide and here in spain it's 14% is the rate of the icu occupancy just a couple of weeks ago, it was down in single digits, and just to end, ireland and denmark have each announced new restrictions as a result of this increasing load. in ireland, there will be a curfew on restaurants and bar, starting at 8:00 p.m., starting on sunday, and in denmark, cinemas, theaters, museums, are closed, and certain and more restrictions the prime minister announcing on restaurants. so as the cases grow, restrictions are growing. as you said. kim? >> all right. thanks so much, al, appreciate it. still ahead, cnn uncovers more information about the possible motive behind the unsolved assassination of haiti's president. and some of the men held in the case are talking to us in an exclusive report. we'll have more on why they are innocent victims being denied their rights. plus this. for people who could use a lift new neutrogena® rapid firming. a triple-lift serum with pure collagen. 92% saw visibly firmer skin in just 4 weeks. neutrogena® for people with skin. i've been telling everyone... the secret to great teeth is having healthy gums. crest 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okay. that's the word from the group itself. after the former hostages flew back to the u.s. thursday. they were held by one of haiti's most powerful gangs for weeks until the last hostages were released later that day. christian aid groups described how they survived the captivity. >> everyone, including the ten-month-old baby, and the 3-year-old and the 6-year-old boys seemed to be doing reasonably well. the hostages were able to spend their captivity together. they spent many hours of each day praying, singing, and encouraging each other. unfortunately, they did not have a bible. but they recited bible verses by memory among themselves. >> the former hostages were kidnapped after visiting this orphanage near the capital in october, u.s. officials say a ransom was paid for their release but not by the u.s. government. cnn is also learning more about the assassination of haiti's president in july. the president was gunned down near his home close to the capital, and sources are talking to cnn about the reason behind the killing still unresolved and some of the suspects are telling us they're innocent and being held under brutal conditions. matt rivers has this exclusive report. >> reporter: new information about the investigation into the assassination of haitian president jovenel moises who was killed inside the presidential residence back in july, a source close to the investigation tells cnn that the night that the assassins entered that home, one of their top priorities was looking for a document that president had been compiling, inside that document, allegedly the names of some of the top drug traffickers in the country, according to president moises. and the plan was to take the list after it was done being compile and bring it to u.s. authorities that the hope that the authorities in the u.s. would help him target some of those drug traffickers and their illicit activities here in haiti. that list, and the president's plan for that list, now being investigated, according to our source, as one of the motives that could be behind the killing of president moises, the source adding that it is not believed that he was able to give that list to the united states before he was ultimately killed. we also have some exclusive new reporting surrounding the suspects in this case. we have been petitioning for months to try to get access to some of the suspects of the dozens that have been arrested, as a result of the investigation into this assassination, and ultimately this week for the first time, haitian authorities allowed us into the notorious national penitentiary where several suspects are being held. we were able to meet with five of the columbian suspects. remember that there are 26 columbian suspects that were arrested as a part of this case. and we were able to sit down and talk with five of them. we weren't able to bring in any recording equipment. but they basically said that they are the victims of a setup. they say that they were brought here, under false pretenses, they had no idea that they were going to participate in an assassination, and what they say is that they are the real victims here, in addition to the president himself. basically, these men say, from the moment that they were arrested, they have been denied tue process. so they actually described to us a scenario, each one of us say they were forced to sign statements that they couldn't even read what was in the statements, because they were written by police, in a language that was foreign to them, and they only speak spanish so they couldn't read what was being written in the statements and under threat they were forced to sign them anyway, the haitian government, a federal government spokesman says that was not actually true, they denied that that happened. beyond that, though, these men still do not have legal representation, and they still have not been formally charged with any crimes under haitian law. and beyond that, they also describe consistent torture at various times after they were arrested. several of the men described how members of their group still have scars on their bodies from being tortured from police, either being hit or being stabbed, several of the men still have scars that the men say come directly from police torture. they also say where they're being kept right now in haiti's notorious national penitentiary, the conditions are horrible and that is something we can attest to, we went into the penitentiary and multiple people stacked in a single prison cell, we saw raw sewage flowing through a pipe underneath our feet that was an exposed pipe. we saw. that these men are given one plate of rice per day, the only time they get to eat during the day and they are saying their lives are worth nothing in the prison and worth noting that the haitian government responded saying they don't single out the columbians for these conditions, that everyone in this prison is treated the same, which tells you a lot about how this prison is run, if those are the conditions, and the authorities don't even deny it. so this is the latest that we've been able to come here, out of haiti with, into this investigation into the assassination of their president. matt rivers, cnn, port-au-prince, haiti. anyone hoping to watch some football this weekend could be disappointed. several nfl games are being postponed. blaming covid-19 and with the holidays approaching, the u.k. government is urging people to skip the parties and stay home, as the omicron variant races around the world. a stealth lockdown is taking a toll on the country's economy. that's next. stay with us. this holiday season, the blendjet 2 portable blender. it packs the power of a big blender on the go, and it crushes right through ice. just drop in your favorite ingredients, even frozen fruit, and make a smoothie any time, anywhere. blendjet cleans itself. just add a drop of soap, water, and blend. recharge quickly with any usb 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(cheers) xfinity brought us together, after all! power your whole home this holiday with wifi speeds faster than a gig. click, call, or visit a store today. sing 2 let's take another look at our top story, a new study out of the u.k. gives new insight into how omicron stacks up against previous coronavirus variants. researchers at imperial college london say they found no evidence it is any less severe than delta and found the risk of getting infected again was more than five times greater with omicron than with delta, and data shows the variant is spreading faster in the u.k. than it has previously with infections doubling in two and a half days. covid cases are playing havoc with the schedules of sports leagues in north america. dozens of players at the rams and cleveland browns tested positive or in contact with infected people. and pro hockey, the canada yensz and bruins, and colorado avalanche and panthers and calgary flames are being rescheduled and more than a dozen college basketball games in the u.s. are canceled or postponed. earlier i spoke with the ceo of premiere medical group u.s. and the covid testing director for the u.s. olympic swimming track and field and rug by and gymnastics and i asked him about the argument some experts have raised saying pro sports should hit a pause button until things improve. here he is. >> i think that especially in the united states right now, we're not going to have much of a choice, because there's going to be such a surge in positivity as we go through the holidays. and we're seeing it as all of the games have been canceled, whether it's the nhl, or now god forbid the nfl this weekend, the positivity is going to go so high, so quickly, that i believe we're facing major cancellations, and what's the problem? well, now, we have to battle owner, league, and players associations. we all know how that goes in our country. that goes into this long and drawn-out stalemate. they need to come together right now, make a determination, what's safe for everyone, and keep the bubbles and they need to start testing and testing and testing and they basically need to let vaccinations do their work. >> now, you know, we're talking pros here, but vaccination rates are lower, among young people and now some schools in the u.s. and canada, they're warning that they might have to go back to online, so with what you're seeing in the pro league, and with omicron threatening as you said, will college sports be able to carry on sort of undeterred in the next couple of months, or will there have to be major changes to their procedures, schedules, or maybe even worst case scenario, cancel seasons. >> yeah, i think we're faced with that even more so, in college, because you know, you have our colleges, they're facing the whole issue, we all know in the country, we got red states, we got blue states and unfortunately that translates over to the way they create some of their policies, and i believe that unless we have solid push for a third vaccination, just like in pros, we're going to see major cancellations going on. i think we could have bowl games that are going to be canceled and coming up, and march madness, it might be a wish this year, unless there are dramatic changes. >> and the english football league is already pressing the pause button on some of its matches. 19 matches scheduled for this weekend have been postponed because of outbreaks among the team, 17 other matches will still go ahead, the efl includes lower tier teams below the premiere league which has postponed nine of its matches in recent days including five this weekend. so u.k. soccer fans won't have as many games to watch this weekend and the government is urging them to stay home and stay safe. the directives to steer clear of big gatherings are not definitely a lockdown but it is a distinction the u.k. economy doesn't seem to appreciate. >> it is being called a lockdown by stealth. unlike previous waves of covid-19, the u.k. government hasn't imposed restrictions on social gatherings or ordered businesses to close. however, it has advised the british public to work from home, and this week, their chief medical officer, chris whitey, also advised people to limit their social contact if they want a covid free christmas with loved ones. and that's what the health director told the british public. and if they leave this weekend, it should be for a booster shot, not to watch the match. another record broken for the third consecutive day in friday and the number heading out to flash some cash before christmas are high. and the cafes, bar, and pubs and restaurants fell by a third in just ten days and they're expected to fall further still. the ceo has learned that some businesses may struggle to survive. business groups are calling for more grants or even a return to the previous scheme, and business leaders met on friday, no need for financial support was announced. and a statement from the treasury says the government will continue to engage with businesses and those who are affected. the economic picture in the u.k. looks grim. the latest figures for october show the economy barely grew. it came in at 0.1%, and inflation hit 5.1%, which is the highest level in ten years. the arrival of omicron and the resulting surge in infections is likely to be a drag on the u.k. economy and the government is likely needing to spend more to support it. the defense rests in the trial of a former minnesota police officer charged in the death of a black man during a traffic stop. the latest from the courtroom coming up. plus ghislaine maxwell's defense team rests its case. details on the criminal sex trafficking trail of the long-time jeffrey epstein associate. straight ahead. off menu: when you watch a chef do it, they don't rush through this stage. why we drive: few of us will ever dive so deep into our cars, but those who do venture down into the nuts and bolts... the dollar rebellion: when you wake up and face a challenge, you have to give all of yourself when you do something, and that's when you do your best. the happiness lab: when was the last time you took a second to look up at the blue sky and the trees? ♪ for the best audio entertainment and storytelling. audible. did you know some deodorants may not last all day? secret works immediately! and is designed to last for up to 48 hours. with secret, keep it fresh. available in over 10 amazing scents and aluminum free. secret. small businesses like yours make gift-giving possible. now, comcast business has an exclusive gift for you. introducing the gift of savings sale. for a limited time, ask how to get a great deal for your business. and get up to a $500 prepaid card with select bundles when you switch to the network that can deliver gig speeds to the most businesses. or get started with internet and voice for $64.99 per month with a 2-year price guarantee. give your business the gift of savings today. comcast business. powering possibilities. when maxwell's defense team rested its case friday in the criminal sex trafficking conspiracy trial, nine witnesses testified for the defense over two day, closing arguments begin monday, and then the jury takes over for deliberation. maxwell has pleaded not guilty to six federal charges. the case against the former associate of jeffery epstein lies mostly on the testimony of four women. they say maxwell facilitated and sometimes participated in sexual abuse by epstein when they were minors. and defense attorneys in the trial of kim potter have rested their case, after the former police officer took the stand in a day of emotional testimony. she is charged in the killing of daunte wright during a traffic stop earlier this year. closing arguments in the trial are set to begin next week. cnn's josh campbell has the latest from minneapolis. >> i remember hearing taser, taser, taser. and nothing happened. and then he told me i shot him. >> former officer kim potter testifies for the first time explaining the moment she cot and killed daunte wright last april. potter describes seeing her fellow officer struggling with write during the traffic stop. >> he had the look of fear on his face. it's something i've seen before. we were struggling, and trying to keep him from driving away. it was just chaotic. >> wright, who officers learned had an outstanding warrant for a weapons violation was initially pulled over for a minor offense, pointed out by a rookie officer. >> we discussed a little bit of suspicious activity. he noticed a pine tree or air freshener hanging from the rearview mirror, and the tags were expired. >> potter said they would not have pulled over him at all if she wasn't training an officer. >> why not? >> it is just a minor violation. >> we would make numerous contacts with the public throughout the day. >> that contact would turn fatal. >> i shot him. >> when she pulled her gun, instead of her taser. >> the prosecutor asked potter about training on confusing her taser and her gun. >> we were trained on it, right? >> yes. it was a while back. >> you were trained in march of this year on that taser, correct? >> yes. >> the state pointing out -- >> you never saw a weapon on mr. wright, did you? >> no. >> never saw a gun? >> no. >> oh, my god. >> adding should he did not try to save wright or check on other officers in the aftermath. >> you didn't make sure any officers knew what you had just done, right? >> no. >> you didn't run down the street and try to save daunte wright's life, did you? >> no. >> you were focused on what you had done, you had just killed somebody. >> i'm sorry it happened. i'm sorry. >> prosecutors continuing to push. >> you knew that deadly force was unreasonable and unwarranted. >> and i didn't want to kill anybody. >> and the jury in the trial, they heard from all of the witnesses who will be testifying. on monday, there will be closing arguments. where the prosecution will sum up their case, of course all along they claimed that a very senior officer should have known the difference between her service weapon and her taser. potter of course has pleaded not guilty, her defense has claimed that this entire episode was a tragic mistake. the jury will be sequestered on monday, as they begin their deliberations. josh campbell, cnn, minneapolis. concern is growing over the escalating threat posed by cyber attacks to governments and individuals. just ahead on cnn, what some say should be done to reduce the danger. stay with us. he lactose. so you can enjoy it even if you're sensitive to dairy. so anyone who says lactaid isn't real milk is also saying mabel here isn't a real cow. and she really hates that. (cooking timer rings) ♪ this is how we do it ♪ ♪ this is how we do it ♪ (tools drop) (squeaking sound) ♪ this is how we do it ♪ turns out, montell jordan knows how to do almost everything. and it turns out the general is a quality insurance company that's been saving people money for nearly 60 years. ♪ this is how... ♪ i got it, i got it, i got it. for a great low rate, and nearly 60 years of quality coverage make the right call - and go with the general. with mucinex nightshift you've got powerful relief from your worst nighttime cold and flu symptoms. so grab nightshift to fight your symptoms, get your zzz's... and get back to your rhythm. ♪ the relief you need. the cash you want. business leaders and former u.s. government officials have a stark warning about the threat of cyber attacks. we've already seen and felt the impact of several high profile hacks in 2020, when russian hackers breached u.s. federal agencies and attack and compromised as many as 14 technology firms. here in the u.s. southeast, there were long lines at gas stations when a ransomware attack shut down colonial pipeline, and more recently facebook says it exposed a vast network of surveillance for hire firms. the parent company meta claims they were using hacking tools and hundreds of fake personas to monitor journalists, dissidents and politicians around the world. and earlier this weeks, the fed chairman jerome powell had this to say, when asked about potential stability risks. >> the risk of a successful cyber attack is, for me, you know, always the most, one that we would be, it would be very difficult to deal. with i think we know how to deal with bad loans and things like that. i think more, a cyber attack, if it were to take down a major financial institution or financial market utility would be a really significant financial stability risk that we haven't actually faced yet. >> j.p. morgan international counsel says it is time to step up cybersecurity efforts across the increasingly dangerous threat to not just the economy but national security. among the recommendations, the group is making, strengthening collaboration between public and private sectors, ramping up the hiring of cybersecurity experts in government agency, and enhancing intelligence sharing among like-minded countries. joining me from stanford, california is, jacqueline snyder, she's a hoover fellow at stanford university. thanks so much for being here with us. so in that report i just referenced former defense secretary bob gaetz says sieb ser the most dangerous weapon in the world, politically, economically and militarily but you argue that the nature of that weapon is often misunderstood, it's less dramatically catastrophic but more insidious, and maybe even more dangerous. explain what you mean. >> yeah, you know, for years, we started, we were analogizing cyber as a bomb, it was pearl harbor, armageddon, and it is ten years and there hasn't been a giant cyber bomb but instead what we're seeing is this ubiquitous nature of cyberspace operations where the constant ransomware attacks, the constant stealing of intellectual property. all of these things degrade trust, and in doing so, they threaten a lot of the foundations of what modern digital economies, the democratic status, and even the relationships between states, that are the trust foundation that we rely on. and so it hasn't been this cyberspace, you know, exploding or causing physical reactions, but instead, that it's eating away at the very connections that we have amongst each other. >> so that j.p. morgan international counsel report calls for more collaboration between the government and the private sector, the biden administration is issuing new security guidance to critical infrastructure firms, to try to blunt the impact of ransomware and other hacks but those are largely voluntary. so should they be mandatory? do those measure goes far enough? >> a lot of folks who are in the wonky cyber world were really hoping that within the last national defense authorization act, that there would be provisions that actually regulated some sort of incident response or letting the government know that an incident has occurred. but it didn't work. the legislation was too wonky and they weren't able to get it in. the complication is that organizations, companies, they have obligations to customers, they have obligations to their shareholders, and sometimes responding, giving information to the government can make those kind of responsibilities to customers and shareholders a little bit difficult. and to be honest, the government hasn't always figured out kind of its bureaucracy, to figure out who are they telling, how are they informing, and their messaging about how this has been that the government had not worked out on their side. >> so we're talking here, this level of corporations and governments, and for most of us, it can be hard to know what to make of the latest panic over the, you know, the vulnerability, and obviously this affects individuals, and all of us online, the latest example is that 50,000 facebook users, and more than 100 countries, that may have been targets of hacking attempts by surveillance companies working for either government agencies or private clients, so what more needs to be done to curb that? >> this is a really complicated phenomenon, where on one end the solution is to just completely go analog, and lose our digital i.d.s, and also a utopian vision, so you look at this vision that being led by people like jack dorsey who is at twitter, the idea of web-3, where they can regain the idealism of the internet and we can trust each other once again, i think the answer really is kind of a mixture of all of these things. i'm not highly utopian, and also i don't believe we can completely go back in time. and it's really figuring out how we lower resilience. and whether that's technological resilience, the way we build our network, the way we store our data, the way we back up our data, the way we protect that data, or resilience on our own, writing down our passwords instead of storing them all online, and do we have backups of important data, and we think elections were a really good example here, where the united states had this debate about this is such important data, that it can't all be digital, or it needs a manual backup, or a paper backup. so that's complicate and actually very inefficient response, and which is really this idea of layering and resilience and finding backups and manual options, so that we don't have to completely go back to analog. >> no easy solution, unfortunately. we really appreciate your perspective. thanks so much for joining us. >> thank you as well. google and facebook's parent company meta now have a green light to collaborate on a massive project. an 8,000 mile undersea data cable that will connect the u.s., taiwan, and the philippines, called the pacific light cable network. hong kong was excluded due to u.s. security concerns about possible chinese surveillance. the tech giants say they will work with various government agencies to protect americans' personal data. and finally, the red planet seems to be a wetter place than we thought. scientists say eruptions found significant canyons of water on mar, the chasm is emitting hydrogen and that suggests 40% of the material just below the ground is likely water ice. well, that wraps up this hour of cnn newsroom. i'm kim brunhuber. i'll be back in just a moment with more news. please do stay with us. these are the faces of listerine. the face of millions of germs zapped in seconds. the face of clean. the face of whoa! some are of intensity, others joy. all are of... various: ahhh... listerine. feel the whoa! clerk: hello, how can i? 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(cheers) xfinity brought us together, after all! power your whole home this holiday with wifi speeds faster than a gig. click, call, or visit a store today. sing 2 ♪ welcome to all of you watching us here in the united states, canada and around the world. i'm kim brunhuber. and this is "cnn newsroom." covid cases are surging around the globe, but the severity of the omicron variant is up for debate. in a cnn exclusive, the latest in the january 6th investigation drawing scrutiny, a former trump cabinet member who denies sending it. plus, a suspect in the assassination of haiti's en

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