the chance to rise above the politics of the moment and achieve true statesmanship. it is the hope of many that the legacy of this summit, written in history books get to be printed, will describe you as the leaders who did not pass up the opportunity and that you will answer the call of those future generations. that you left this conference is a community of nations with determination, a desire and a plan to address the impact of climate change. and to recognise the time for words has now moved to the time for words has now moved to the time for words has now moved to the time for action. of course, the benefits of such actions will not be there to enjoy for all of us here today. we know none of us will live forever. but we are doing this not just for ourselves, but for our children and our children's children and those who will follow in their footsteps. and so, i wish you every good fortune and the significant endeavour. recorded and shows them earlier this evening. just to bring you an update. an announcement that a deforestation plan for 85% of the worlds forests, promises to in deforestation by 2030. that news is broken and be more on that we come back with the papers atjust broken and be more on that we come back with the papers at just after half past 11. but now, we are going to bejoining a bbc news special and her colleagues over and bbc news special and her colleagues over and bbci. this special and her colleagues over and bbci. this is a global climate debate special for people will put questions to a panel of political leaders. on climate change needed to save the planet for the next generation and generations to come. in this debate from cop26 in glasgow, young people from around the world will be asking four leading international political figures tough questions about their commitment to averting environmental disaster. and finding solutions for change. hello and welcome wherever you are to the bbc�*s big global climate debate. the latest report from the intergovernmental panel on climate change warned it's now code red for humanity. british prime minister borisjohnson said that if we don't get serious about climate change today, it will be too late for our children tomorrow. so from ending coal mining and oil drilling to cutting air travel and keeping rich countries to their now delayed commitment to poorer ones, our panel will be put through their environmental paces. so, let's meet them. kwasi kwarteng is the united kingdom's secretary of state for business, energy and industrial strategy. the uk government are hosting the cop26 conference. he says young people have every right to be angry on the lack of action on climate change. the uk is committed to net zero by 2050. but will the government sanction a controversial new oil field in the north sea? the decision on the cambo oil field off shetland will be made soon. maybe kwasi kwarteng will tell us tonight what that decision will be. gina mccarthy is the first white house national climate advisor. as well as working for president biden, she also served president 0bama as the head of the us environmental protection agency. she says we are at cop to accelerate action, but america doesn't have entirely clean hands. it is the fracking capital of the world, which comes with its own environmental concerns. mute egede is the new prime minister of greenland, the country president trump wanted to buy. earlier, prime minister egede, the youngest prime minister in the world at 3a, said, "with the arctic warming at a rate three times faster than the rest of the world, greenland is experiencing the drastic changes first hand". and diego mesa is colombia's minister of mines and energy. previously, he oversaw the country's energy transformation policy, which included increasing the share of renewable energy from 1% to 12%. but colombia's exports of coal 7 the world's dirtiest fossil fuel — have jumped in 2021. and deforestation continues to increase, despite promises from the government to reduce it. welcome to you all. applause before we get going, let's remind ourselves just how we got here. ultraviolet light from the sun is filtered out by a layer of ozone. the second hole has been discovered in it. it the second hole has been discovered in it. , . ~ ., , in it. it is mankind and his activities _ in it. it is mankind and his activities which _ in it. it is mankind and his activities which are - in it. it is mankind and his. activities which are changing in it. it is mankind and his- activities which are changing the environment of our planet in damaging and dangerous ways. we will see deserts. submerged _ damaging and dangerous ways. we will see deserts. submerged countries. - see deserts. submerged countries. this is code — see deserts. submerged countries. this is code red. _ see deserts. submerged countries. this is code red. the _ see deserts. submerged countries. this is code red. the defining - this is code red. the defining challenge _ this is code red. the defining challenge of— this is code red. the defining challenge of our _ this is code red. the defining challenge of our age. - this is code red. the defining challenge of our age. the - this is code red. the defining i challenge of our age. the failure will be on _ challenge of our age. the failure will be on the _ challenge of our age. the failure will be on the generations - challenge of our age. the failure will be on the generations to - challenge of our age. the failure i will be on the generations to come. we have _ will be on the generations to come. we have a _ will be on the generations to come. we have a generations— will be on the generations to come. we have a generations of— will be on the generations to come. we have a generations of nothing, i we have a generations of nothing, where has it led us? man is having a terrible time trying to stop what mother nature is doing. 0ur our children and grandchildren well ask 0ur children and grandchildren well ask not_ our children and grandchildren well ask not what our generation said, but what — ask not what our generation said, but what it— ask not what our generation said, but what it did. so many shocking images there. ok, let's go to our first question from dakotahjennifer, who is on the banks of the mississippi in missouri. your question, please. my question is, what your question, please. my question is. what are — your question, please. my question is, what are the _ your question, please. my question is, what are the plans _ your question, please. my question is, what are the plans for _ your question, please. my question is, what are the plans for effective l is, what are the plans for effective international cooperation went neither xi jinping international cooperation went neither xijinping nor vladimir putin are attending cop26. kwasi kwarteng first of all. how do we make sure that this isn'tjust blah blah blah without those leaders7 it blah blah blah without those leaders? , .,. blah blah blah without those leaders? , ., , ., leaders? it is in fact thousands of eo - le leaders? it is in fact thousands of peeple coming — leaders? it is in fact thousands of people coming together - leaders? it is in fact thousands of people coming together from - leaders? it is in fact thousands of people coming together from alll leaders? it is in fact thousands of - people coming together from all over the world to tackle climate change, and i think dakotah is quite right, we haven'tjust got words, we have got actions. we are undertaking to move away from coal. we are committed for a joint international stand on electrical. these are declarations followed by action. borisjohnson asked xi jinping to bring forward pay commissions from 2030 to 2025 and there has been a resounding silence. that 2030 to 2025 and there has been a resounding silence.— 2030 to 2025 and there has been a resounding silence. that has been a hue resounding silence. that has been a huge movement _ resounding silence. that has been a huge movement in _ resounding silence. that has been a huge movement in china's - resounding silence. that has been a huge movement in china's positionl huge movement in china's position in the last two years. i was made energy minister 2.5 years ago, and i was told that china were not committed. last year for the first time, they were committed to net zero x 2060. i agree that they could be persuaded to have more ambitious targets, but the fact that they have got a net zero target is really significant. got a net zero target is really significant-— got a net zero target is really siunificant. ~ �* ., , significant. mute bourup egede, russia doesn't _ significant. mute bourup egede, russia doesn't even _ significant. mute bourup egede, russia doesn't even have - significant. mute bourup egede, russia doesn't even have a - significant. mute bourup egede, | russia doesn't even have a target yet. how do you feel about the fact that vladimir putin is not here? what we need is action and we need to push— what we need is action and we need to push all— what we need is action and we need to push all the countries to take care _ to push all the countries to take care of— to push all the countries to take care of our— to push all the countries to take care of our planet, and the action will start— care of our planet, and the action will start from us. i am one of the youngest— will start from us. i am one of the youngest leaders in the world. i started in— youngest leaders in the world. i started in april this year. we have stopped _ started in april this year. we have stopped all oil and gas exploration. you are _ stopped all oil and gas exploration. you are just announcing that now? we announced it in the summer, but now we have _ announced it in the summer, but now we have announced that we will be part of— we have announced that we will be part of the — we have announced that we will be part of the paris agreement, and we have stopped uranium mining in greenland, so this summer there was no snow— greenland, so this summer there was no snow on _ greenland, so this summer there was no snow on the ice cap, it was raining. — no snow on the ice cap, it was raining. so— no snow on the ice cap, it was raining, so that is why we need to take action, — raining, so that is why we need to take action, and we need to do it right— take action, and we need to do it right now — take action, and we need to do it riaht now. , ., take action, and we need to do it right now-— take action, and we need to do it riahtnow. , ., ~ ., right now. diego mesa, what you make ofthe right now. diego mesa, what you make of the question? _ right now. diego mesa, what you make of the question? i _ right now. diego mesa, what you make of the question? i think _ right now. diego mesa, what you make of the question? i think all _ right now. diego mesa, what you make of the question? i think all of - right now. diego mesa, what you make of the question? i think all of the - of the question? i think all of the world has to _ of the question? i think all of the world has to take _ of the question? i think all of the world has to take responsibility l of the question? i think all of the l world has to take responsibility for this it _ world has to take responsibility for this. it doesn't _ world has to take responsibility for this. it doesn't matter— world has to take responsibility for this. it doesn't matter if— world has to take responsibility for this. it doesn't matter if you - world has to take responsibility for this. it doesn't matter if you are i world has to take responsibility for this. it doesn't matter if you are a| this. it doesn't matter if you are a bi! this. it doesn't matter if you are a big country— this. it doesn't matter if you are a big country or _ this. it doesn't matter if you are a big country or a _ this. it doesn't matter if you are a big country or a small— this. it doesn't matter if you are a big country or a small country, . this. it doesn't matter if you are al big country or a small country, and i give _ big country or a small country, and i give you — big country or a small country, and i give you the — big country or a small country, and i give you the example _ big country or a small country, and i give you the example of- big country or a small country, and. i give you the example of colombia, that is— i give you the example of colombia, that is why— i give you the example of colombia, that is why we — i give you the example of colombia, that is why we are _ i give you the example of colombia, that is why we are here _ i give you the example of colombia, that is why we are here with - i give you the example of colombia, that is why we are here with our- that is why we are here with our president — that is why we are here with our president. colombia _ that is why we are here with our president. colombia is - that is why we are here with our president. colombia is a - that is why we are here with our president. colombia is a very. that is why we are here with our. president. colombia is a very small emitter— president. colombia is a very small emitter of— president. colombia is a very small emitter of c02 _ president. colombia is a very small emitter of c02 emissions, - president. colombia is a very small emitter of c02 emissions, we - president. colombia is a very small emitter of c02 emissions, we onlyl emitter of c02 emissions, we only represent — emitter of c02 emissions, we only represent about— emitter of c02 emissions, we only represent about 0.6% _ emitter of c02 emissions, we only represent about 0.6% of- emitter of c02 emissions, we only represent about 0.6% of total - represent about 0.6% of total emissions, _ represent about 0.6% of total emissions, but _ represent about 0.6% of total emissions, but we _ represent about 0.6% of total emissions, but we are - represent about 0.6% of total - emissions, but we are committed to cut by— emissions, but we are committed to cut by 51% _ emissions, but we are committed to cut by 51% our — emissions, but we are committed to cut by 51% our emissions _ emissions, but we are committed to cut by 51% our emissions by- emissions, but we are committed to cut by 51% our emissions by 2030, l cut by 51% our emissions by 2030, and we _ cut by 51% our emissions by 2030, and we already— cut by 51% our emissions by 2030, and we already presented - cut by 51% our emissions by 2030, and we already presented today. cut by 51% our emissions by 2030, and we already presented today ai and we already presented today a carbon _ and we already presented today a carbon neutrality _ and we already presented today a carbon neutrality road _ and we already presented today a carbon neutrality road map - and we already presented today a carbon neutrality road map to - and we already presented today a i carbon neutrality road map to 2050. but i have _ carbon neutrality road map to 2050. but i have heard _ carbon neutrality road map to 2050. but i have heard you _ carbon neutrality road map to 2050. but i have heard you say— carbon neutrality road map to 2050. but i have heard you say before - carbon neutrality road map to 2050. but i have heard you say before thatj but i have heard you say before that you feel that colombia is very much a leader in the region, but we haven't got a target from brazil, your neighbour. but haven't got a target from brazil, your neighbour.— haven't got a target from brazil, our neiuhbour. �* . . . your neighbour. but we are leading a coalition to get _ your neighbour. but we are leading a coalition to get to _ your neighbour. but we are leading a coalition to get to 7096 _ your neighbour. but we are leading a coalition to get to 7096 as _ your neighbour. but we are leading a coalition to get to 7096 as a - your neighbour. but we are leading a coalition to get to 7096 as a region i coalition to get to 70% as a region made _ coalition to get to 70% as a region made up _ coalition to get to 70% as a region made up of— coalition to get to 70% as a region made up of renewables _ coalition to get to 70% as a region made up of renewables by 2030. i coalition to get to 70% as a region i made up of renewables by 2030. we are convincing — made up of renewables by 2030. we are convincing brazil— made up of renewables by 2030. we are convincing brazil and _ made up of renewables by 2030. we are convincing brazil and other- are convincing brazil and other countries — are convincing brazil and other countries to _ are convincing brazil and other countries tojoin. _ are convincing brazil and other countries to join. we - are convincing brazil and other countries to join. we have - are convincing brazil and other countries to join. we have 12 l countries tojoin. we have 12 countries _ countries tojoin. we have 12 countries already— countries tojoin. we have 12 countries already signed, - countries to join. we have 12| countries already signed, and countries to join. we have 12 - countries already signed, and we hope _ countries already signed, and we hope to— countries already signed, and we hope to get— countries already signed, and we hope to get 15_ countries already signed, and we hope to get 15 in— countries already signed, and we hope to get 15 in glasgow. - countries already signed, and we hope to get 15 in glasgow. find . countries already signed, and we hope to get 15 in glasgow. and from our oint hope to get 15 in glasgow. and from your point of— hope to get 15 in glasgow. and from your point of view, _ hope to get 15 in glasgow. and from your point of view, do _ hope to get 15 in glasgow. and from your point of view, do you _ hope to get 15 in glasgow. and from your point of view, do you think- your point of view, do you think that it your point of view, do you think thatitis your point of view, do you think that it is possible to move forward without two major powers. the delegations are here, but as our questioner said, delegations are here, but as our questionersaid, neither delegations are here, but as our questionersaid, neitheeradimir putin or xijinping questionersaid, neitheeradimir putin orxijinping are questionersaid, neitheeradimir putin or xijinping are here, and they make big decisions. the first thin i they make big decisions. the first thing i would _ they make big decisions. the first thing i would say _ they make big decisions. the first thing i would say is _ they make big decisions. the first thing i would say is i'm _ they make big decisions. the first thing i would say is i'm not - they make big decisions. the firstl thing i would say is i'm not making an excuse to china or russia for not being here, they should be here, plain and simple. they are two large, developed countries that need to take action, so they ought to be here, but that doesn't mean we are going to allow them to decide the fate of the world, or what we are doing. and so i think one of our challenges is to make sure that we take action in a way that is going to allow us to add the economic benefits of clean energy. we should show them that they are missing out if they don'tjoin us and take action, and so i am disappointed they are not here, but they should not be allowed to dictate the lack of action or lack of acceleration. science is telling us what we need to do, and we are here to get it done. ., .., a , to do, and we are here to get it done. ., , ., done. dakotah, coming quickly to ou, what done. dakotah, coming quickly to you. what do _ done. dakotah, coming quickly to you. what do you _ done. dakotah, coming quickly to you, what do you make _ done. dakotah, coming quickly to you, what do you make of- done. dakotah, coming quickly to you, what do you make of what . done. dakotah, coming quickly to l you, what do you make of what you have heard? i you, what do you make of what you have heard?— have heard? i think the situation is to die for us _ have heard? i think the situation is to die for us not _ have heard? i think the situation is to die for us not to _ have heard? i think the situation is to die for us not to collaborate, - to die for us not to collaborate, and that we should try our hardest, but we have to collaborate with each other notjust but we have to collaborate with each other not just for but we have to collaborate with each other notjust for ourselves but but we have to collaborate with each other not just for ourselves but for everyone, for the next generation. thank you very much indeed. now we can take a question from the studio, your question please. $5 can take a question from the studio, your question please.— your question please. as developed countries are _ your question please. as developed countries are responsible _ your question please. as developed countries are responsible for - countries are responsible for climate _ countries are responsible for climate change, what are your strategies for assisting poorer nations— strategies for assisting poorer nations to achieve a balance between economic— nations to achieve a balance between economic growth and sustainability? can iiust _ economic growth and sustainability? can ijust come back to you on that, gina mccarthy, because it long promised 100 billion, it was mooted in 2009 in copenhagen, and has been delayed not once but twice, and developing countries feel that they are being asked to do so much without the financial encouragement they need. tote without the financial encouragement the need. , they need. we came here fully reared they need. we came here fully prepared to — they need. we came here fully prepared to meet _ they need. we came here fully prepared to meet our - they need. we came here fully - prepared to meet our commitments. we are quadrupling what we have done before and we are also starting up a new initiative with other countries thatis new initiative with other countries that is all about the developed world actually providing the support that the developing world needs. there is no question in president biden's remarks today he did not hold any punches in terms of admitting that we have enhanced responsibility to help the rest of the world and that is what we intend to do. it the world and that is what we intend to do. . , . the world and that is what we intend to do. ., , ., the world and that is what we intend to do. .,, ., , ., to do. it was a strange look when resident to do. it was a strange look when president biden _ to do. it was a strange look when president biden went _ to do. it was a strange look when president biden went to - to do. it was a strange look when president biden went to see - to do. it was a strange look when president biden went to see the i to do. it was a strange look when - president biden went to see the pope and the motorcade was 85 cars long, normally it is a5. that is not a good look, is it? i normally it is 45. that is not a good look, is it?— normally it is 45. that is not a good look, is it? i went to visit the pope _ good look, is it? i went to visit the pope once _ good look, is it? i went to visit the pope once quite _ good look, is it? i went to visit the pope once quite a - good look, is it? i went to visit the pope once quite a while i good look, is it? i went to visitl the pope once quite a while ago good look, is it? i went to visit - the pope once quite a while ago and he drove up in a very small fiat. we know that this is all very challenging and we know that transportation is now the biggest greenhouse gas polluter, at least in the united states. so we have to make change, and that is what we have to do, but it is going to take more than looking at whether or not there is a big motorcade. but all these little _ there is a big motorcade. but all these little actions _ there is a big motorcade. but all these little actions matter. - these little actions matter. everybody wants to see all the little actions, and finally enough on that very question, do you agree with borisjohnson when heated plastic recycling is really not what this is about? surely everybody has a duty to do what they can. i this is about? surely everybody has a duty to do what they can.- a duty to do what they can. i think that is true. _ a duty to do what they can. i think that is true, but _ a duty to do what they can. i think that is true, but i _ a duty to do what they can. i think that is true, but i think _ a duty to do what they can. i think that is true, but i think there - a duty to do what they can. i think that is true, but i think there are i that is true, but i think there are bil that is true, but i think there are big issues — that is true, but i think there are big issues. the financing issue was raised _ big issues. the financing issue was raised is _ big issues. the financing issue was raised is critical, and as you say, kirsty— raised is critical, and as you say, kirsty, _ raised is critical, and as you say, kirsty, we — raised is critical, and as you say, kirsty, we said this in 2009, and that is— kirsty, we said this in 2009, and that is why— kirsty, we said this in 2009, and that is why i _ kirsty, we said this in 2009, and that is why i have always said we have _ that is why i have always said we have to — that is why i have always said we have to have an international coalition _ have to have an international coalition and we have to bring people — coalition and we have to bring people to _ coalition and we have to bring people to be as good as their word, and that— people to be as good as their word, and that is— people to be as good as their word, and that is what we are trying to do. and that is what we are trying to do that — and that is what we are trying to do that is — and that is what we are trying to do. that is one of the key points as gina said _ do. that is one of the key points as gina said of— do. that is one of the key points as gina said of the conference this year— gina said of the conference this year here _ gina said of the conference this year here. so gina said of the conference this year here-— gina said of the conference this ear here. , ., , ., year here. so in terms of greenland, what do you — year here. so in terms of greenland, what do you want? _ year here. so in terms of greenland, what do you want? because - year here. so in terms of greenland, what do you want? because you - year here. so in terms of greenland, | what do you want? because you want to become sustainable. you need help from this 100 billion, and it is not coming through at the moment. tote coming through at the moment. we do, but we have started _ coming through at the moment. we do, but we have started in _ coming through at the moment. we do, but we have started in our _ coming through at the moment. we do, but we have started in our country - but we have started in our country from the 90s to invest in hydropower, and in the next coming five to six years we will have a goal to be up to 90% of our energy will come from hydropower, so it is possible to do something. now our mission and vision is that we have a lot of water, we have a lot of green energy, we can export out to the rest of the world, and we have stopped all exploration for oil and gas, we have one of the world's biggest deposits of oil and gas, but we have stopped it and because we have a lot of water, we can use green energy, and i hope the big countries will have a big responsibility to take the steps, will be ready to invest like that. diego... applause i should just quickly ask you, what was your reaction when president trump wanted to buy you? it was your reaction when president trump wanted to buy you?- trump wanted to buy you? it was absurd. trump wanted to buy you? it was absurd- you _ trump wanted to buy you? it was absurd. you should _ trump wanted to buy you? it was absurd. you should have - trump wanted to buy you? it was absurd. you should have offered| trump wanted to buy you? it was l absurd. you should have offered to bu him! absurd. you should have offered to buy him! diego. — absurd. you should have offered to buy him! diego, what _ absurd. you should have offered to buy him! diego, what does - absurd. you should have offered to buy him! diego, what does it - absurd. you should have offered to buy him! diego, what does it need | absurd. you should have offered to l buy him! diego, what does it need to net ou, buy him! diego, what does it need to get you. you — buy him! diego, what does it need to get you. you are _ buy him! diego, what does it need to get you. you are a — buy him! diego, what does it need to get you, you are a developing - get you, you are a developing country in terms of that 100 billion as well. i country in terms of that 100 billion as well. ~' , ., , as well. i think the question is right on- _ as well. i think the question is right on- i _ as well. i think the question is right on. i think— as well. i think the question is right on. i think developed - right on. i think developed countries _ right on. i think developed countries have _ right on. i think developed countries have to - right on. i think developed countries have to commitl right on. i think developed l countries have to commit on right on. i think developed - countries have to commit on what they promised, _ countries have to commit on what they promised, and _ countries have to commit on what they promised, and in— countries have to commit on what they promised, and in colombia, i countries have to commit on what. they promised, and in colombia, in your introduction— they promised, and in colombia, in your introduction you _ they promised, and in colombia, in your introduction you mentioned i they promised, and in colombia, inl your introduction you mentioned our experts _ your introduction you mentioned our experts i— your introduction you mentioned our experts i have _ your introduction you mentioned our experts i have to— your introduction you mentioned our experts. i have to provinces - your introduction you mentioned our experts. i have to provinces in - your introduction you mentioned our experts. i have to provinces in the l experts. i have to provinces in the northern— experts. i have to provinces in the northern part _ experts. i have to provinces in the northern part of _ experts. i have to provinces in the northern part of the _ experts. i have to provinces in the northern part of the country, i experts. i have to provinces in the northern part of the country, 45%| experts. i have to provinces in the l northern part of the country, 45% of their gdp_ northern part of the country, 45% of their gdp depends— northern part of the country, 45% of their gdp depends on _ northern part of the country, 45% of their gdp depends on thermal- northern part of the country, 45% of their gdp depends on thermal coal, | their gdp depends on thermal coal, so the _ their gdp depends on thermal coal, so the energy— their gdp depends on thermal coal, so the energy transition _ their gdp depends on thermal coal, so the energy transition has - their gdp depends on thermal coal, so the energy transition has to i their gdp depends on thermal coal, so the energy transition has to be l so the energy transition has to be not only— so the energy transition has to be not oniyiust _ so the energy transition has to be not oniyiust but _ so the energy transition has to be not onlyjust but well _ so the energy transition has to be not onlyjust but well managed i so the energy transition has to be i not onlyjust but well managed and people _ not onlyjust but well managed and people centred, _ not onlyjust but well managed and people centred, so— not onlyjust but well managed and people centred, so i— not onlyjust but well managed and people centred, so i need - not onlyjust but well managed and i people centred, so i need developed countries _ people centred, so i need developed countries to — people centred, so i need developed countries to invest _ people centred, so i need developed countries to invest in _ people centred, so i need developed countries to invest in other- countries to invest in other technologies— countries to invest in other technologies such - countries to invest in other technologies such as - countries to invest in otherj technologies such as green countries to invest in other- technologies such as green hydrogen and for— technologies such as green hydrogen and for example _ technologies such as green hydrogen and for example in— technologies such as green hydrogen and for example in the _ technologies such as green hydrogen and for example in the case - technologies such as green hydrogen and for example in the case of- and for example in the case of colombia, _ and for example in the case of colombia, it— and for example in the case of colombia, it so _ and for example in the case of colombia, it so happens- and for example in the case of colombia, it so happens that i and for example in the case of. colombia, it so happens that this province — colombia, it so happens that this province has _ colombia, it so happens that this province has the _ colombia, it so happens that this province has the best _ colombia, it so happens that this province has the best wind - colombia, it so happens that this province has the best wind and l colombia, it so happens that this i province has the best wind and solar radiation— province has the best wind and solar radiation in— province has the best wind and solar radiation in the _ province has the best wind and solar radiation in the world, _ province has the best wind and solar radiation in the world, so _ province has the best wind and solar radiation in the world, so we - province has the best wind and solar radiation in the world, so we need . radiation in the world, so we need to get— radiation in the world, so we need to get the — radiation in the world, so we need to get the funds _ radiation in the world, so we need to get the funds to _ radiation in the world, so we need to get the funds to develop - radiation in the world, so we need to get the funds to develop a i radiation in the world, so we need i to get the funds to develop a green and hydrogen— to get the funds to develop a green and hydrogen economy, _ to get the funds to develop a green and hydrogen economy, but - to get the funds to develop a green and hydrogen economy, but we i to get the funds to develop a green i and hydrogen economy, but we need to think about _ and hydrogen economy, but we need to think about the — and hydrogen economy, but we need to think about the people _ and hydrogen economy, but we need to think about the people that _ and hydrogen economy, but we need to think about the people that depend i think about the people that depend on the _ think about the people that depend on the coal— think about the people that depend on the coal right _ think about the people that depend on the coal right now. _ think about the people that depend on the coal right now. so _ think about the people that depend on the coal right now.— on the coal right now. so let me “ust ask on the coal right now. so let me just ask you. — on the coal right now. so let me just ask you, because _ on the coal right now. so let me just ask you, because it - on the coal right now. so let me just ask you, because it will i on the coal right now. so let me just ask you, because it will be i just ask you, because it will be interesting for people to know, are these level of conversations, this detail, going on a cop267 they are. i had two meetings today with an _ they are. i had two meetings today with an australian _ they are. i had two meetings today with an australian investor- they are. i had two meetings today with an australian investor and i they are. i had two meetings today with an australian investor and the| with an australian investor and the uk investor— with an australian investor and the uk investor and _ with an australian investor and the uk investor and they— with an australian investor and the uk investor and they are _ with an australian investor and the uk investor and they are looking i with an australian investor and the| uk investor and they are looking at making _ uk investor and they are looking at making significant— uk investor and they are looking at making significant investment i uk investor and they are looking at making significant investment in i making significant investment in hydrogen— making significant investment in hydrogen in— making significant investment in hydrogen in colombia. _ making significant investment in hydrogen in colombia. but i making significant investment in hydrogen in colombia. but we i making significant investment in i hydrogen in colombia. but we need to -et hydrogen in colombia. but we need to get backing _ hydrogen in colombia. but we need to get backing from _ hydrogen in colombia. but we need to get backing from the _ hydrogen in colombia. but we need to get backing from the government i hydrogen in colombia. but we need to get backing from the government of. get backing from the government of the developed — get backing from the government of the developed countries _ get backing from the government of the developed countries as - get backing from the government of the developed countries as well. i the developed countries as well. this is— the developed countries as well. this is not— the developed countries as well. this is not only— the developed countries as well. this is not only an— the developed countries as well. this is not only an issue - the developed countries as well. this is not only an issue for- the developed countries as well. this is not only an issue for the i this is not only an issue for the private — this is not only an issue for the private sector. _ this is not only an issue for the private sector. it _ this is not only an issue for the private sector. it has _ this is not only an issue for the private sector. it has to- this is not only an issue for the private sector. it has to be i this is not only an issue for the i private sector. it has to be private and public— private sector. it has to be private and public finance. _ private sector. it has to be private and public finance. find _ private sector. it has to be private and public finance.— private sector. it has to be private and public finance. and i think! am riaht and public finance. and i think! am ri . ht in and public finance. and i think! am right in saying _ and public finance. and i think! am right in saying that _ and public finance. and i think! am right in saying that some _ and public finance. and i think! am right in saying that some of - and public finance. and i think! am right in saying that some of the i right in saying that some of the private finance didn't come forward in the way you wanted. tote private finance didn't come forward in the way you wanted.— in the way you wanted. we are encouraging — in the way you wanted. we are encouraging people _ in the way you wanted. we are encouraging people to - in the way you wanted. we are encouraging people to come . in the way you wanted. we are i encouraging people to come forward and as diego said, it is a transition. he is right, that is why the uk government has ring—fence the ii.a the uk government has ring—fence the 11.a billion for the international climate fund. we were leaders in that and we are proud of our commitment. ! let me go to the questionnaire and say, do you have any reaction to what you have heard? yeah. i think international collaboration _ yeah. i think international collaboration and - yeah. i think international collaboration and financial yeah. i think international- collaboration and financial aid is critical— collaboration and financial aid is critical if— collaboration and financial aid is critical if we _ collaboration and financial aid is critical if we want _ collaboration and financial aid is critical if we want to _ collaboration and financial aid is critical if we want to realise i critical if we want to realise climate _ critical if we want to realise climate justice. _ critical if we want to realise climate justice.— critical if we want to realise climate “ustice. ., ,, , ., ., ,, climate “ustice. thank you. thank ou climate justice. thank you. thank ou ve climate justice. thank you. thank you very much- — you very much. now we can take another question in the studio from daniel from argyll. your question, please? how do you intend _ your question, please? how do you intend to _ your question, please? how do you intend to reduce _ your question, please? how do you intend to reduce the _ your question, please? how do you intend to reduce the impact - your question, please? how do you intend to reduce the impact of- intend to reduce the impact of rising — intend to reduce the impact of rising sea _ intend to reduce the impact of rising sea levels— intend to reduce the impact of rising sea levels in— intend to reduce the impact of rising sea levels in our- intend to reduce the impact of rising sea levels in our townsi intend to reduce the impact of. rising sea levels in our towns and cities? _ rising sea levels in our towns and cities? on — rising sea levels in our towns and cities? . , ., . ., ., cities? on that question, jakarta in indonesia has _ cities? on that question, jakarta in indonesia has announced _ cities? on that question, jakarta in indonesia has announced that i cities? on that question, jakarta in indonesia has announced that the i indonesia has announced that the capital is moving from jakarta to borneo because jakarta is sinking. 25% of the population of vietnam and 50% of the population in the netherlands are at risk from rising sea levels. mute, enough ice melted on a single day in greenland to cover florida in two inches of water. he must be seeing this daily. yes, we see it daily. all these things we do in the industrial world are coming to the arctic. and it is not staying in the arctic, it is coming back as melted ice. so we need to take action right now. it is not time for blah, blah, blah. it is time to make some action and it starts from world leaders. and when the world leaders have some goals and solutions and collaborate together, we can do something. [30 together, we can do something. do you think if world leaders came to greenland and saw what was happening, it mightjolt them? do you think they might be jolted into action if they saw what was happening in greenland? the? action if they saw what was happening in greenland? they are welcome to _ happening in greenland? they are welcome to visit _ happening in greenland? they are welcome to visit our— happening in greenland? they are welcome to visit our country. - happening in greenland? they are welcome to visit our country. if. welcome to visit our country. if biden would visit, it would be good. are you going to put the question to joe biden to visit greenland? i joe biden to visit greenland? i certainly will. i have to say, you don't _ certainly will. i have to say, you don't have — certainly will. i have to say, you don't have to look far to see the damage — don't have to look far to see the damage associated with the climate i’i l ht damage associated with the climate right now _ damage associated with the climate right now. part of the advantage of that is_ right now. part of the advantage of that is that — right now. part of the advantage of that is that i am not fighting off climate — that is that i am not fighting off climate deniers any more full. the question— climate deniers any more full. the question is, — climate deniers any more full. the question is, how do we solve this? daniel's _ question is, how do we solve this? daniel's point is right. that is why we are all here, to deal with these imminent threats. your point about the fact that so many more people get the argument now, i mean, ten years ago when i came into parliament, there were still people who were saying it was all a hoax, it is all nonsense. the numbers of those people has dwindled because they see the evidence. and they are focused on what daniel is talking about. that is why a talk about moving away from coal, that is something we are moving fast on and building an international coalition. and this finance point, because it is only through finance that you are going to empower the developing world, which is bigger than the developed countries in terms of people, to decarbonise and fight climate change. we people, to decarbonise and fight climate change.— people, to decarbonise and fight climate chance. ~ _, ., ., climate change. we were come onto cold, but sticking _ climate change. we were come onto cold, but sticking with _ climate change. we were come onto cold, but sticking with rising - climate change. we were come onto cold, but sticking with rising sea - cold, but sticking with rising sea levels, we see this notjust abroad in hot countries, we are seeing rising sea levels in the uk. that is wh we rising sea levels in the uk. that is why we have _ rising sea levels in the uk. that is why we have committed _ rising sea levels in the uk. that is why we have committed to - why we have committed to decarbonisation. it is one of the reasons why, if you look at our record in the uk, we have really tried to decarbonise. the thing about the debate in this country is that there are huge amounts of consensus. i can't think of any subject which has as much consensus from the snp to labour, to the conceptus. all the parties get that this is serious. i conceptus. all the parties get that this is serious.— this is serious. i think the worst ci in this is serious. i think the worst city in terms — this is serious. i think the worst city in terms of _ this is serious. i think the worst city in terms of threat _ this is serious. i think the worst city in terms of threat for - this is serious. i think the worst city in terms of threat for you i this is serious. i think the worst city in terms of threat for you isj city in terms of threat for you is san francisco? it city in terms of threat for you is san francisco?— city in terms of threat for you is san francisco? it might be miami. miami is at _ san francisco? it might be miami. miami is at significant _ san francisco? it might be miami. miami is at significant risk. - san francisco? it might be miami. miami is at significant risk. it - miami is at significant risk. it only— miami is at significant risk. it only needs a few more inches of water— only needs a few more inches of water rise. — only needs a few more inches of water rise, and they are in trouble. but they— water rise, and they are in trouble. but they are — water rise, and they are in trouble. but they are not the only city. we also have — but they are not the only city. we also have wildfires in the west. we have significant droughts in the westerh— have significant droughts in the western us now. we are seeing heat stress _ western us now. we are seeing heat stress like _ western us now. we are seeing heat stress like we have never seen before — stress like we have never seen before i— stress like we have never seen before. i have been going to cops since _ before. i have been going to cops since i_ before. i have been going to cops since i was — before. i have been going to cops since i was your age and this is the first time _ since i was your age and this is the first time i— since i was your age and this is the first time i really feel like there is the _ first time i really feel like there is the opportunity for accelerated actioh~ _ is the opportunity for accelerated action. �* .., , , is the opportunity for accelerated action. �* , , ,, ., and action. because it is desperate. and because young _ action. because it is desperate. and because young people _ action. because it is desperate. and because young people are _ action. because it is desperate. and because young people are pushing l action. because it is desperate. and i because young people are pushing for it. because young people are pushing for it you _ because young people are pushing for it you are _ because young people are pushing for it. you are here because you care about— it. you are here because you care about this — it. you are here because you care about this. you are worried and we are worried, — about this. you are worried and we are worried, as we ought to be. when are worried, as we ought to be. when i look back at — are worried, as we ought to be. when i look back at footage _ are worried, as we ought to be. when i look back at footage of _ are worried, as we ought to be. human i look back at footage of paris are worried, as we ought to be. 71ng i look back at footage of paris in 2015 when we got the agreement, people were crying. now we have had another six years and we are still trying to catch up with that emotion. colombia, the question of cities and sinking, how badly is colombia affected? taste cities and sinking, how badly is colombia affected?— cities and sinking, how badly is colombia affected? we also have interests like _ colombia affected? we also have interests like what _ colombia affected? we also have interests like what gina - colombia affected? we also have i interests like what gina mentioned. this year. _ interests like what gina mentioned. this year. for— interests like what gina mentioned. this year, for the _ interests like what gina mentioned. this year, for the first _ interests like what gina mentioned. this year, for the first time - interests like what gina mentioned. this year, for the first time ever, i this year, for the first time ever, we had _ this year, for the first time ever, we had a — this year, for the first time ever, we had a category— this year, for the first time ever, we had a category five _ we had a category five hurricane hitting _ we had a category five hurricane hitting ah — we had a category five hurricane hitting an island _ we had a category five hurricane hitting an island include - we had a category five hurricane hitting an island include beer. it| hitting an island include beer. it destroyed — hitting an island include beer. it destroyed the _ hitting an island include beer. it destroyed the island _ hitting an island include beer. it destroyed the island and - hitting an island include beer. it destroyed the island and it - hitting an island include beer. it destroyed the island and it wasl hitting an island include beer. it. destroyed the island and it was an island _ destroyed the island and it was an island where — destroyed the island and it was an island where we _ destroyed the island and it was an island where we have _ destroyed the island and it was an island where we have the - destroyed the island and it was an island where we have the second i island where we have the second largest _ island where we have the second largest coral _ island where we have the second largest coral reef— island where we have the second largest coral reef in _ island where we have the second largest coral reef in the - island where we have the second largest coral reef in the world. i island where we have the second | largest coral reef in the world. so it was— largest coral reef in the world. so it was putting _ largest coral reef in the world. so it was putting in _ largest coral reef in the world. so it was putting in danger— largest coral reef in the world. so it was putting in danger not - largest coral reef in the world. so it was putting in danger not only. it was putting in danger not only people. — it was putting in danger not only people. but— it was putting in danger not only people. but also— it was putting in danger not only people, but also biodiversity- it was putting in danger not only people, but also biodiversity in. people, but also biodiversity in colombia _ people, but also biodiversity in colombia so— people, but also biodiversity in colombia. so even _ people, but also biodiversity in colombia. so even though - people, but also biodiversity in colombia. so even though we i people, but also biodiversity in - colombia. so even though we don't emit. _ colombia. so even though we don't emit. we _ colombia. so even though we don't emit. we only— colombia. so even though we don't emit, we only emit— colombia. so even though we don't emit, we only emit 0.6%, - colombia. so even though we don't emit, we only emit 0.6%, we - colombia. so even though we don't emit, we only emit 0.6%, we are l colombia. so even though we don't . emit, we only emit 0.6%, we are one ofthe— emit, we only emit 0.6%, we are one ofthe 20— emit, we only emit 0.6%, we are one ofthe 20 most— emit, we only emit 0.6%, we are one of the 20 most vulnerable _ we talk about this under 1 billion but you need to take responsibility for it, don't you? we but you need to take responsibility for it, don't you?— for it, don't you? we do and that's one of the — for it, don't you? we do and that's one of the reasons why. _ for it, don't you? we do and that's one of the reasons why. the - for it, don't you? we do and that's one of the reasons why. the cash l one of the reasons why. the cash element, it's absolutely critical. and that's what we are saying, we are trying get a broad agreement, as gina understands, that this is one of the top priorities of this cop. we want top priorities of this cop. we want to deliver. lute top priorities of this cop. we want to deliver. ~ . , ., ., to deliver. we really wanted to deliver in 2020. _ to deliver. we really wanted to deliver in 2020. we _ to deliver. we really wanted to deliver in 2020. we might - to deliver. we really wanted to deliver in 2020. we might not| deliver in 2020. we might not deliver in 2020. we might not deliver in 2020. we might not deliver in 2022. l deliver in 2020. we might not deliver in 2022.— deliver in 2020. we might not deliver in 2022. i am hopefulthat we can deliver _ deliver in 2022. i am hopefulthat we can deliver it. _ deliver in 2022. i am hopefulthat we can deliver it. i _ deliver in 2022. i am hopefulthat we can deliver it. i agree - deliver in 2022. i am hopefulthat we can deliver it. i agree that - deliver in 2022. i am hopefulthat we can deliver it. i agree that we | we can deliver it. i agree that we should be doing more, but we have moved some way. i should be doing more, but we have moved some way.— moved some way. i am with you. thins moved some way. i am with you. things are _ moved some way. i am with you. things are different _ moved some way. i am with you. things are different now - moved some way. i am with you. things are different now than - moved some way. i am with you. | things are different now than they were before. there are blatant in your— were before. there are blatant in your face — were before. there are blatant in your face challenges. we can't run away— your face challenges. we can't run away from — your face challenges. we can't run away from them.— your face challenges. we can't run away from them. let's take another ruestion away from them. let's take another question from _ away from them. let's take another question from leah _ away from them. let's take another question from leah joshua, - away from them. let's take another question from leah joshua, who - away from them. let's take another i question from leah joshua, who joins question from leahjoshua, whojoins us from outside the sydney opera housein us from outside the sydney opera house in australia. let's have your question, and good morning to you. good morning to you too. i am leah joshua _ good morning to you too. i am leah joshua i_ good morning to you too. i am leah joshua. i am — good morning to you too. i am leah joshua. lam 12_ good morning to you too. i am leah joshua. i am 12 years— good morning to you too. i am leah joshua. i am 12 years old _ good morning to you too. i am leah joshua. i am 12 years old and - good morning to you too. i am leah joshua. i am 12 years old and i- good morning to you too. i am leah joshua. i am 12 years old and i live i joshua. i am 12 years old and i live in sydney. — joshua. i am 12 years old and i live in sydney, australia. _ joshua. i am 12 years old and i live in sydney, australia. this - joshua. i am 12 years old and i live in sydney, australia. this is - joshua. i am 12 years old and i live in sydney, australia. this is what. in sydney, australia. this is what really— in sydney, australia. this is what really worries _ in sydney, australia. this is what really worries me. _ in sydney, australia. this is what really worries me. australia - in sydney, australia. this is what really worries me. australia has. really worries me. australia has said they— really worries me. australia has said they have _ really worries me. australia has said they have no _ really worries me. australia has said they have no plans - really worries me. australia has said they have no plans to - really worries me. australia has said they have no plans to stop| said they have no plans to stop mining — said they have no plans to stop mining and _ said they have no plans to stop mining and exploiting - said they have no plans to stop mining and exploiting coal- said they have no plans to stop i mining and exploiting coal beyond 2030 _ mining and exploiting coal beyond 2030 it— mining and exploiting coal beyond 2030 it will— mining and exploiting coal beyond 2030. it will be _ mining and exploiting coal beyond 2030. it will be my— mining and exploiting coal beyond 2030. it will be my generation - mining and exploiting coal beyondi 2030. it will be my generation that has to— 2030. it will be my generation that has to live — 2030. it will be my generation that has to live with _ 2030. it will be my generation that has to live with the _ 2030. it will be my generation that has to live with the consequences i 2030. it will be my generation thatl has to live with the consequences of decisions _ has to live with the consequences of decisions like — has to live with the consequences of decisions like these. _ has to live with the consequences of decisions like these. my— has to live with the consequences of decisions like these. my question i has to live with the consequences of decisions like these. my question toj decisions like these. my question to the leaders — decisions like these. my question to the leaders ears, _ decisions like these. my question to the leaders ears, how— decisions like these. my question to the leaders ears, how can _ decisions like these. my question to the leaders ears, how can we - decisions like these. my question to the leaders ears, how can we win i decisions like these. my question toi the leaders ears, how can we win the world _ the leaders ears, how can we win the world of— the leaders ears, how can we win the world of coal? — the leaders ears, how can we win the world of coal?— world of coal? thank you, leia. -- how can we _ world of coal? thank you, leia. -- how can we wean _ world of coal? thank you, leia. -- how can we wean the _ world of coal? thank you, leia. -- how can we wean the world - world of coal? thank you, leia. -- how can we wean the world of - world of coal? thank you, leia. --| how can we wean the world of coal. according to the atomic energy industry, the level of coal production forecast for 2050 is four times the limit needed to reach net zero emissions by 2050, which is a terrifying thought. diego mesa, you said that a colombian coal production is suspected to rebound by 50% in 2021 because demand is strong and international prices are high. this is balanced by having an economic future, but also combating the climate crisis. how radical is youridea the climate crisis. how radical is your idea for a reduction in coal? we don't burn the coal that we produce — we don't burn the coal that we roduce. ., ,, we don't burn the coal that we roduce. ., i. , we don't burn the coal that we roduce. ., ,, , ., we don't burn the coal that we roduce. ., i. , ., . produce. no, you send it out, which is not good — produce. no, you send it out, which is not good either. _ produce. no, you send it out, which is not good either. but _ produce. no, you send it out, which is not good either. but we _ produce. no, you send it out, which is not good either. but we need - produce. no, you send it out, which is not good either. but we need to i is not good either. but we need to arree on is not good either. but we need to agree on something _ is not good either. but we need to agree on something here. - is not good either. but we need to agree on something here. the - is not good either. but we need to - agree on something here. the problem is not _ agree on something here. the problem is not the _ agree on something here. the problem is not the source — agree on something here. the problem is not the source of— agree on something here. the problem is not the source of energy, _ agree on something here. the problem is not the source of energy, the - is not the source of energy, the problem — is not the source of energy, the problem is _ is not the source of energy, the problem is emissions. - is not the source of energy, the problem is emissions. so- is not the source of energy, the problem is emissions. so if- is not the source of energy, the problem is emissions. so if we| is not the source of energy, the . problem is emissions. so if we find a way— problem is emissions. so if we find a way to— problem is emissions. so if we find a way to mitigate _ problem is emissions. so if we find a way to mitigate or— problem is emissions. so if we find a way to mitigate or eliminate - problem is emissions. so if we find a way to mitigate or eliminate thei a way to mitigate or eliminate the emissions — a way to mitigate or eliminate the emissions from _ a way to mitigate or eliminate the emissions from coal, _ a way to mitigate or eliminate the emissions from coal, we - a way to mitigate or eliminate the emissions from coal, we should . a way to mitigate or eliminate thel emissions from coal, we should be ok. emissions from coal, we should be ok we _ emissions from coal, we should be ok we have — emissions from coal, we should be ok. we have carbon _ emissions from coal, we should be ok. we have carbon capture - emissions from coal, we should be ok. we have carbon capture and l ok. we have carbon capture and storage — ok. we have carbon capture and storage so— ok. we have carbon capture and storage so as _ ok. we have carbon capture and storage. so as part _ ok. we have carbon capture and storage. so as part of— ok. we have carbon capture and storage. so as part of the - storage. so as part of the transition _ storage. so as part of the transition in _ storage. so as part of the transition in colombia, ii storage. so as part of the - transition in colombia, i have discussed _ transition in colombia, i have discussed this— transition in colombia, i have discussed this with _ transition in colombia, i have discussed this with kwasi. . transition in colombia, i have| discussed this with kwasi. we capture — discussed this with kwasi. we capture all— discussed this with kwasi. we capture all the _ discussed this with kwasi. we capture all the c02 _ discussed this with kwasi. we capture all the c02 emitted . discussed this with kwasi. we - capture all the c02 emitted during the process. — capture all the c02 emitted during the process, and _ capture all the c02 emitted during the process, and that _ capture all the c02 emitted during the process, and that should - capture all the c02 emitted during the process, and that should be i the process, and that should be fine _ the process, and that should be fine when— the process, and that should be fine when we— the process, and that should be fine. when we think— the process, and that should be fine. when we think about - the process, and that should be fine. when we think about whatj the process, and that should be i fine. when we think about what we are going _ fine. when we think about what we are going to— fine. when we think about what we are going to do— fine. when we think about what we are going to do with _ fine. when we think about what we are going to do with the _ fine. when we think about what we are going to do with the families i are going to do with the families that depend _ are going to do with the families that depend on— are going to do with the families that depend on the _ are going to do with the families that depend on the coal, - are going to do with the families that depend on the coal, we - are going to do with the families. that depend on the coal, we need are going to do with the families - that depend on the coal, we need to think about — that depend on the coal, we need to think about that _ that depend on the coal, we need to think about that transition. - that depend on the coal, we need to think about that transition. i - think about that transition. i cannot— think about that transition. i cannot eliminate _ think about that transition. i cannot eliminate coal- think about that transition. i i cannot eliminate coal overnight think about that transition. i - cannot eliminate coal overnight and then have _ cannot eliminate coal overnight and then have 100,000... _ cannot eliminate coal overnight and then have 100,000... but- cannot eliminate coal overnight and then have 100,000...— cannot eliminate coal overnight and then have 100,000... but you do want to eliminate — then have 100,000... but you do want to eliminate coal? _ then have100,000... but you do want to eliminate coal? i _ then have 100,000... but you do want to eliminate coal? i want _ then have 100,000... but you do want to eliminate coal? i want to _ to eliminate coal? i want to eliminate — to eliminate coal? i want to eliminate emissions. - to eliminate coal? i want to eliminate emissions. that i to eliminate coal? i want to | eliminate emissions. that is to eliminate coal? i want to i eliminate emissions. that is a different thing. _ eliminate emissions. that is a different thing. yes, - eliminate emissions. that is a different thing. yes, because | eliminate emissions. that is a i different thing. yes, because the roblem different thing. yes, because the problem is _ different thing. yes, because the problem is not _ different thing. yes, because the problem is not the _ different thing. yes, because the problem is not the energy - different thing. yes, because the | problem is not the energy source, the problem — problem is not the energy source, the problem is _ problem is not the energy source, the problem is the _ problem is not the energy source, the problem is the emissions - problem is not the energy source, | the problem is the emissions from different— the problem is the emissions from different energy— the problem is the emissions from different energy sources. - the problem is the emissions from different energy sources.— the problem is the emissions from different energy sources. there are two elements _ different energy sources. there are two elements to _ different energy sources. there are two elements to this. _ different energy sources. there are two elements to this. we _ different energy sources. there are two elements to this. we have - different energy sources. there are two elements to this. we have to l two elements to this. we have to reduce the emissions, we are committed to that. but we also have to develop carbon capture and mitigating measures. but to develop carbon capture and mitigating measures. but hang on, alok sharma _ mitigating measures. but hang on, alok sharma said _ mitigating measures. but hang on, alok sharma said this _ mitigating measures. but hang on, alok sharma said this must - mitigating measures. but hang on, alok sharma said this must be - mitigating measures. but hang on, alok sharma said this must be the | alok sharma said this must be the cop that consigns coal to history. he is the president of cop. what cop that consigns coal to history. he is the president of cop. what he meant by that _ he is the president of cop. what he meant by that is _ he is the president of cop. what he meant by that is that _ he is the president of cop. what he meant by that is that if _ he is the president of cop. what he meant by that is that if we - he is the president of cop. what he meant by that is that if we look - he is the president of cop. what he meant by that is that if we look at i meant by that is that if we look at the uk's electricity generation, only nine years ago in 2012, everyone here was alive and 40% of the electricity consumed in the uk came from coal. today, that percentage is 1% to 2%. that is what we want to see in terms of thermal coal and power generation. there are processes where coal is used, and thatis processes where coal is used, and that is where we want to develop carbon capture for a net zero target. not an absolute target, but for a net zero target, you have to develop carbon capture.- for a net zero target, you have to develop carbon capture. well, we learned is not _ develop carbon capture. well, we learned is not mining _ develop carbon capture. well, we learned is not mining coal - develop carbon capture. well, we i learned is not mining coal although it has coal. so what do you think it is —— what do you think of this idea? i is -- what do you think of this idea? .., is -- what do you think of this idea? .. , ., , ., idea? i can understand diego. there are --eole idea? i can understand diego. there are people living _ idea? i can understand diego. there are people living and _ idea? i can understand diego. there are people living and making - idea? i can understand diego. there are people living and making moneyj are people living and making money from working in these mines. we need investment to green technology. that is why we need to take action and invest. the big economies have a responsibility to do that. so if we can start from today, we can make the transition to green energy and green technology. if the transition to green energy and green technology. iii the transition to green energy and green technology.— the transition to green energy and green technology. ifi may, colombia is a middle-income _ green technology. ifi may, colombia is a middle-income country - green technology. ifi may, colombia is a middle-income country but - green technology. ifi may, colombia is a middle-income country but we i is a middle—income country but we still have _ is a middle—income country but we still have a — is a middle—income country but we still have a significantly _ is a middle—income country but we still have a significantly high - still have a significantly high poverty— still have a significantly high poverty rate _ still have a significantly high poverty rate. so _ still have a significantly high poverty rate. so we - still have a significantly high poverty rate. so we need . still have a significantly high poverty rate. so we need to| still have a significantly high - poverty rate. so we need to close a lot of— poverty rate. so we need to close a lot of social — poverty rate. so we need to close a lot of social gaps _ poverty rate. so we need to close a lot of social gaps in _ poverty rate. so we need to close a lot of social gaps in colombia - poverty rate. so we need to close a lot of social gaps in colombia and i lot of social gaps in colombia and we do _ lot of social gaps in colombia and we do that— lot of social gaps in colombia and we do that with _ lot of social gaps in colombia and we do that with royalties - lot of social gaps in colombia and we do that with royalties from - lot of social gaps in colombia and| we do that with royalties from the mining _ we do that with royalties from the mining sector~ _ we do that with royalties from the mining sector. but— we do that with royalties from the mining sector. but who _ we do that with royalties from the mining sector. but who is - we do that with royalties from the i mining sector. but who is demanding the coal? _ mining sector. but who is demanding the coal? it— mining sector. but who is demanding the coal? it is— mining sector. but who is demanding the coal? it is europe _ mining sector. but who is demanding the coal? it is europe and _ mining sector. but who is demanding the coal? it is europe and asia. - mining sector. but who is demanding the coal? it is europe and asia. the i the coal? it is europe and asia. the demand _ the coal? it is europe and asia. the demand comes— the coal? it is europe and asia. the demand comes from _ the coal? it is europe and asia. the demand comes from the _ the coal? it is europe and asia. the demand comes from the developedj demand comes from the developed countries — demand comes from the developed countries ls— demand comes from the developed countries. . . . demand comes from the developed countries. , ., ., ., countries. is that a good enough argument. _ countries. is that a good enough argument, gina _ countries. is that a good enough argument, gina mccarthy? - countries. is that a good enough argument, gina mccarthy? 1. countries. is that a good enough. argument, gina mccarthy? i know countries. is that a good enough - argument, gina mccarthy? i know you have a problem in west virginia, where your senator doesn't want to push through the big time a package because there is a lot of coal mining there. is america serious enough about weaning the country of coal? latte enough about weaning the country of coal? ~ . , ., , ., ., coal? we are serious enough that we are investing — coal? we are serious enough that we are investing significantly _ coal? we are serious enough that we are investing significantly in - coal? we are serious enough that we are investing significantly in cc - coal? we are serious enough that we are investing significantly in cc us . are investing significantly in cc us coal _ are investing significantly in cc us coal but — are investing significantly in cc us coal but in — are investing significantly in cc us coal. but in the us, coal is not the fuel of— coal. but in the us, coal is not the fuel of choice. it is waning and we are looking — fuel of choice. it is waning and we are looking for opportunities for a transition — are looking for opportunities for a transition. we recognise that clean energy— transition. we recognise that clean energy is— transition. we recognise that clean energy is the winner. that transition. we recognise that clean energy is the winner.— energy is the winner. that is right. while we are _ energy is the winner. that is right. while we are here, _ energy is the winner. that is right. while we are here, the _ energy is the winner. that is right. while we are here, the cambo - energy is the winner. that is right. while we are here, the cambo oili while we are here, the cambo oil field off shetland is a huge oil field off shetland is a huge oil field that is about to get the go—ahead or not. the government's legal department says that you, the business secretary, can make a decision. when will you make a decision. when will you make a decision and do you want camber to go ahead? l decision and do you want camber to to ahead? . ., ., ., _ go ahead? i am not going to say the decision here. _ go ahead? i am not going to say the decision here. on _ go ahead? i am not going to say the decision here. on yougov! - go ahead? i am not going to say the decision here. on yougov! but- go ahead? i am not going to say the decision here. on yougov! but is. decision here. on yougov! but is there a decision _ decision here. on yougov! but is there a decision coming - decision here. on yougov! but is there a decision coming quickly? j decision here. on yougov! but is. there a decision coming quickly? all i there a decision coming quickly? fill i will say about this is that it is a licence that was granted 20 years ago. a licence that was granted 20 years a . o. �* a licence that was granted 20 years a i o. �* ., , , a licence that was granted 20 years a . o. �* . , , , a licence that was granted 20 years a . o. �* . . . . and ago. but it has been revisited. and it is a planning _ ago. but it has been revisited. and it is a planning decision _ ago. but it has been revisited. and it is a planning decision we - ago. but it has been revisited. and it is a planning decision we are - it is a planning decision we are going to examine. booing. i negotiated a naughty transition deal. i can't say to the 2 million people —— i negotiated a north sea transition deal. i can't tell the people who work in the industry that we are shutting the door on it. but we are shutting the door on it. but we are shutting the door on it. but we are trying to work on a transition so that we can decarbonise. that is the aim. but is the message _ decarbonise. that is the aim. but is the message of— decarbonise. that is the aim. but is the message of the _ decarbonise. that is the aim. but is the message of the transition - decarbonise. that is the aim. but is the message of the transition that i the message of the transition that we can only transition if we open another oilfield? ihla. we can only transition if we open another oilfield?— we can only transition if we open another oilfield? no, the message is that we want — another oilfield? no, the message is that we want to _ another oilfield? no, the message is that we want to invest. _ another oilfield? no, the message is that we want to invest. what - another oilfield? no, the message is that we want to invest. what you - that we want to invest. what you said was critical to this piece. we have to invest in new technologies. hydrogen, renewables, offshore, all of these things are sing billions of investment over the next few years. and that is critical to the decarbonisation story. leia, we heard from _ decarbonisation story. leia, we heard from you _ decarbonisation story. leia, we heard from you for _ decarbonisation story. leia, we heard from you for the - decarbonisation story. leia, we. heard from you for the question. what do you make of what you have heard? _ what do you make of what you have heard? i_ what do you make of what you have heard? i appreciate _ what do you make of what you have heard? i appreciate those _ what do you make of what you have heard? i appreciate those answers i heard? i appreciate those answers and i_ heard? i appreciate those answers and i appreciate _ heard? i appreciate those answers and i appreciate that _ heard? i appreciate those answers and i appreciate that you - heard? i appreciate those answers and i appreciate that you are - and i appreciate that you are investing _ and i appreciate that you are investing in _ and i appreciate that you are investing in carbon— and i appreciate that you are investing in carbon capture. i and i appreciate that you are | investing in carbon capture. i and i appreciate that you are - investing in carbon capture. ijust want _ investing in carbon capture. ijust want you — investing in carbon capture. ijust want you to — investing in carbon capture. ijust want you to know— investing in carbon capture. ijust want you to know that _ investing in carbon capture. ijust want you to know that we - investing in carbon capture. ijust want you to know that we are - investing in carbon capture. ijust want you to know that we are alli want you to know that we are all depending — want you to know that we are all depending on— want you to know that we are all depending on you _ want you to know that we are all depending on you and _ want you to know that we are all depending on you and we - want you to know that we are all depending on you and we hope i want you to know that we are all. depending on you and we hope you deliver— depending on you and we hope you deliver because _ depending on you and we hope you deliver because we _ depending on you and we hope you deliver because we are _ depending on you and we hope you deliver because we are running - depending on you and we hope you deliver because we are running outj deliver because we are running out of time _ thank you very much. applause so now we can take a question from lagos in nigeria. your question, please. lagos in nigeria. your question, lease. . ~' lagos in nigeria. your question, lease. . ,, ., lagos in nigeria. your question, lease. . ., ., ., please. thank you. to date lagos has crown into please. thank you. to date lagos has grown into a — please. thank you. to date lagos has grown into a mega- _ please. thank you. to date lagos has grown into a mega- city, _ please. thank you. to date lagos has grown into a mega- city, our- grown into a mega— city, our population is ill million and growing. how do we manage our growth in the face of possible destruction? you very much indeed. diego, over to you first. the megacities. l you very much indeed. diego, over to you first. the megacities.— you first. the megacities. i think that we need _ you first. the megacities. i think that we need to _ you first. the megacities. i think that we need to make _ you first. the megacities. i think that we need to make sure - you first. the megacities. i think that we need to make sure that| you first. the megacities. i think. that we need to make sure that the cities _ that we need to make sure that the cities themselves are sustainable, and the _ cities themselves are sustainable, and the way to achieve that is with transportation. we have to have sustainable movement, non—emission vehicles. _ sustainable movement, non—emission vehicles. and — sustainable movement, non—emission vehicles, and continue to move into wind. _ vehicles, and continue to move into wind. solar. — vehicles, and continue to move into wind, solar, anything renewable. and we need _ wind, solar, anything renewable. and we need to— wind, solar, anything renewable. and we need to be more conscious about our energy— we need to be more conscious about our energy use, so we need to work on energy— our energy use, so we need to work on energy efficiency, and it is something that we all have to do as a society— something that we all have to do as a society in— something that we all have to do as a society in the world.— a society in the world. because ener: a society in the world. because energy security _ a society in the world. because energy security is _ a society in the world. because energy security is one - a society in the world. because energy security is one of- a society in the world. because energy security is one of the i energy security is one of the reasons china has given for opening whatever it is, lio new coal—fired power stations. what you make of that, gina? power stations. what you make of that. gina?— that, gina? there is still a lot of fossil fuel _ that, gina? there is still a lot of fossil fuel in _ that, gina? there is still a lot of fossil fuel in the _ that, gina? there is still a lot of fossil fuel in the queue - that, gina? there is still a lot of fossil fuel in the queue in - that, gina? there is still a lot of fossil fuel in the queue in a - that, gina? there is still a lot of fossil fuel in the queue in a lot i that, gina? there is still a lot of| fossil fuel in the queue in a lot of countries, and we have to find a way to actively replace that with clean energy. there is no choice here. and the only thing i would point out, and i don't mean to interrupt here, is that these are difficult choices. you want people to be able to live comfortably now, but we have to make some hard choices about how we are going to supply energy into the future, and that means we have to be creative here and recognise that we have a lot of options right now for greenhouse gas reductions and investment in clean energy that can change the dynamic of how people work, where they work. we actually see the shift as being an important economic security for the united states. �* . economic security for the united states. �* , . ., economic security for the united states. �* , _, ,., . ,, economic security for the united states. �* , _, . ,, ., states. and 'ust coming back to cotombia. — states. and just coming back to colombia. you _ states. and just coming back to colombia, you don't _ states. and just coming back to colombia, you don't want - states. and just coming back to colombia, you don't want to - states. and just coming back to i colombia, you don't want to rush states. and just coming back to - colombia, you don't want to rush to the city is because you have sao paolo next door, and the danger that bogota, how do you give people a living, and you don't want them to rush to populated cities, how would you give them a living? for example -a merit you give them a living? for example payment for — you give them a living? for example payment for conservation _ you give them a living? for example payment for conservation services i you give them a living? for example payment for conservation services in the rural areas, that is something we need to do, and we need to make sure that we value the work that they do in the rural communities because it is going to benefit the world as a whole. you mention deforestation, and it is a big issue in colombia, you mentioned it in the introduction. one of the biggest causes of deforestation in colombia as cocaine, and this is something that we need to tell the world, that consumers in europe, in the us, when they do cocaine, they are making a huge impact in deforestation. is not huge impact in deforestation. is not talkin: huge impact in deforestation. is not talking about _ huge impact in deforestation. is not talking about something _ huge impact in deforestation. is not talking about something like - huge impact in deforestation. is not talking about something like cocaine which is a drug, but looking at something of a body likes to eat now, avocados, every avocado litre takes more than 200 litres of water, colombian farmers are changing to avocados, and meanwhile cutting down forests. lute avocados, and meanwhile cutting down forests. ~ ., ., forests. we need to do it sustainable, _ forests. we need to do it sustainable, so - forests. we need to do it sustainable, so you - forests. we need to do it sustainable, so you need forests. we need to do it i sustainable, so you need to forests. we need to do it - sustainable, so you need to do low carbon sustainable agriculture. in colombia where have the sixth—largest hydro renewable resources in the world and we need to manage them well. so resources in the world and we need to manage them well.— to manage them well. so where is the hel that to manage them well. so where is the help that developed _ to manage them well. so where is the help that developed countries, - help that developed countries, richer countries, can give in terms of contract and so forth? l richer countries, can give in terms of contract and so forth?— of contract and so forth? i think the question — of contract and so forth? i think the question was _ of contract and so forth? i think the question was an _ of contract and so forth? i think the question was an excellent l of contract and so forth? i think i the question was an excellent one, and i_ the question was an excellent one, and l have — the question was an excellent one, and i have been to lagos many times over 25_ and i have been to lagos many times over 25 years — and i have been to lagos many times over 25 years and i have seen how the city _ over 25 years and i have seen how the city has — over 25 years and i have seen how the city has expanded, extraordinarily. and in terms of actually— extraordinarily. and in terms of actually trying to decarbonise a city. _ actually trying to decarbonise a city, there are a number of issues that diego — city, there are a number of issues that diego reyes. you have to look at the _ that diego reyes. you have to look at the energy system, and i think people _ at the energy system, and i think people in— at the energy system, and i think people in nigeria, the government is looking _ people in nigeria, the government is looking at— people in nigeria, the government is looking at how to decarbonise the energy— looking at how to decarbonise the energy system, there is a lot more interest— energy system, there is a lot more interest in— energy system, there is a lot more interest in renewables and solar energy— interest in renewables and solar energy as — interest in renewables and solar energy as well, you also have to look _ energy as well, you also have to look at — energy as well, you also have to look at transportation, and one of the things— look at transportation, and one of the things about lagos as there are millions— the things about lagos as there are millions and millions of cars, and that is— millions and millions of cars, and that is a — millions and millions of cars, and that is a great opportunity to drive electric— that is a great opportunity to drive electric vehicles and to drive the things— electric vehicles and to drive the things about lagos as there are millions— things about lagos as there are millions and millions of cars, and that is— millions and millions of cars, and that is a — millions and millions of cars, and that is a great opportunity to drive electric— that is a great opportunity to drive electric vehicles and to drive decarbonise transport in a way that diego— decarbonise transport in a way that diego mentioned. and thirdly, you have to _ diego mentioned. and thirdly, you have to think about individual consumers as well, in terms of how, and again— consumers as well, in terms of how, and again there is much more sensitivity— and again there is much more sensitivity and understanding of the issue now _ sensitivity and understanding of the issue now than was the case ten or 15 years— issue now than was the case ten or 15 years ago — issue now than was the case ten or 15 years ago-— 15 years ago. could i 'ust had a oint, 15 years ago. could i 'ust had a point. and h 15 years ago. could i 'ust had a point. and part_ 15 years ago. could i 'ust had a point, and part of_ 15 years ago. could ijust had a point, and part of this - 15 years ago. could ijust had a point, and part of this has - 15 years ago. could ijust had a point, and part of this has to i 15 years ago. could ijust had a l point, and part of this has to be, if you are going to invest in solutions, you have to look at the communities that are being left behind first. in the us, we have significant challenges where we have environmentaljustice communities environmental justice communities that have environmentaljustice communities that have been overly polluted if there is any such thing as underlay polluted, for years. and we can't just allow all the opportunities for jobs, all the opportunities for clean air to jobs, all the opportunities for clean airto go jobs, all the opportunities for clean air to go to the communities that are already benefiting. applause so i want to... mute? ., , so i want to... mute? in the early 90s, we started _ so i want to... mute? in the early 90s, we started in _ so i want to... mute? in the early 90s, we started in greenland - so i want to... mute? in the early 90s, we started in greenland to l 90s, we started in greenland to invest— 90s, we started in greenland to invest in— 90s, we started in greenland to invest in hydropower. _ 90s, we started in greenland to invest in hydropower. in- 90s, we started in greenland to invest in hydropower. in the - 90s, we started in greenland toi invest in hydropower. in the next coming _ invest in hydropower. in the next coming four— invest in hydropower. in the next coming four to _ invest in hydropower. in the next coming four to five _ invest in hydropower. in the next coming four to five years, - invest in hydropower. in the next coming four to five years, 90% i invest in hydropower. in the next| coming four to five years, 90% of energy— coming four to five years, 90% of energy in— coming four to five years, 90% of energy in greenland _ coming four to five years, 90% of energy in greenland will- coming four to five years, 90% of energy in greenland will come - coming four to five years, 90% of i energy in greenland will come from hydropower— energy in greenland will come from hydropower is. _ energy in greenland will come from hydropower is, and _ energy in greenland will come from hydropower is, and we _ energy in greenland will come from hydropower is, and we have - energy in greenland will come from hydropower is, and we have only. hydropower is, and we have only 57.000 — hydropower is, and we have only 57.000 people. _ hydropower is, and we have only 57,000 people, inhabitants, - hydropower is, and we have onlyj 57,000 people, inhabitants, and hydropower is, and we have only. 57,000 people, inhabitants, and we are the _ 57,000 people, inhabitants, and we are the world's — 57,000 people, inhabitants, and we are the world's biggest _ 57,000 people, inhabitants, and we are the world's biggest island. - 57,000 people, inhabitants, and we are the world's biggest island. it- are the world's biggest island. it is possible — are the world's biggest island. it is possible to _ are the world's biggest island. it is possible to do _ are the world's biggest island. it is possible to do that. _ are the world's biggest island. it is possible to do that. so - are the world's biggest island. it is possible to do that. so the - are the world's biggest island. itj is possible to do that. so the big countries. — is possible to do that. so the big countries, the _ is possible to do that. so the big countries, the big _ is possible to do that. so the big countries, the big economies, . is possible to do that. so the big. countries, the big economies, need to start _ countries, the big economies, need to start like — countries, the big economies, need to start like this, _ countries, the big economies, need to start like this, because _ countries, the big economies, need to start like this, because we - countries, the big economies, need to start like this, because we are . to start like this, because we are ready— to start like this, because we are ready in— to start like this, because we are ready in greenland _ to start like this, because we are ready in greenland to _ to start like this, because we are ready in greenland to help - to start like this, because we are ready in greenland to help you. i to start like this, because we are i ready in greenland to help you. we have a _ ready in greenland to help you. we have a lot — ready in greenland to help you. we have a lot of — ready in greenland to help you. we have a lot of energy— ready in greenland to help you. we have a lot of energy and _ ready in greenland to help you. we have a lot of energy and green- have a lot of energy and green energy — energy. . applause let mejust come applause let me just come back to the question. you are living in lagos. what is your solution? l question. you are living in lagos. what is your solution?— what is your solution? i like the contributions _ what is your solution? i like the contributions made. _ what is your solution? i like the contributions made. i _ what is your solution? i like the contributions made. i live - what is your solution? i like the contributions made. i live in - what is your solution? i like the i contributions made. i live in lagos and i see clearly that our environment is screaming for help. we can do better in the areas of sustainable growth. you mentioned we could do better with electric cars, although pricing is something to be worried about. but in general i think this conversation is critical, and i want to underline that we cannot be left out of the conversation. i look forward to government, public and private working together to create a lasting solution. . ~ working together to create a lasting solution. ., ,, , ., , . ., solution. thank you very much for 'oinint solution. thank you very much for joining us- — solution. thank you very much for joining us- we _ solution. thank you very much for joining us. we can _ solution. thank you very much for joining us. we can now— solution. thank you very much for joining us. we can now take - solution. thank you very much for joining us. we can now take a - joining us. we can now take a question from emily campbell here in the studio, and she is from kirkcaldy. the studio, and she is from kirkcaldy— the studio, and she is from kirkcaldy. the studio, and she is from kirkcald . ~ ., , ., ., , kirkcaldy. we have loads of families in this world — kirkcaldy. we have loads of families in this world who _ kirkcaldy. we have loads of families in this world who are _ kirkcaldy. we have loads of families in this world who are in _ kirkcaldy. we have loads of families in this world who are in fuel- in this world who are in fuel poverty— in this world who are in fuel poverty in— in this world who are in fuel poverty in 2021, people with crippling energy bills, and the government don't have very good policies _ government don't have very good policies on — government don't have very good policies on solar panels. we have things— policies on solar panels. we have things that — policies on solar panels. we have things that are tick box exercise that imply carbon efficiency but they don't help the cause in any way _ they don't help the cause in any wa . . ~' they don't help the cause in any wa . ., ~ , ., y they don't help the cause in any wa . . ~ , ., , . they don't help the cause in any wa. . , . ., they don't help the cause in any way. thank you very much for your tuestion. question. applause diego, new increased renewables from 1% to 12%. but that is not very far on solar or wind so far, is it? do you have a target, and is it stringent enough? we you have a target, and is it stringent enough?- you have a target, and is it stringent enough? you have a target, and is it strintent enouth? ~ ., , , , stringent enough? we do, but this is onl what stringent enough? we do, but this is only what we — stringent enough? we do, but this is only what we call _ stringent enough? we do, but this is only what we call variable _ only what we call variable renewable, _ only what we call variable renewable, wind - only what we call variable renewable, wind and - only what we call variable i renewable, wind and solar. only what we call variable - renewable, wind and solar. 70% of our power — renewable, wind and solar. 70% of our power matrix _ renewable, wind and solar. 70% of our power matrix depends - renewable, wind and solar. 70% of our power matrix depends on - renewable, wind and solar. 70% of. our power matrix depends on water, similar— our power matrix depends on water, similar to _ our power matrix depends on water, similar to what — our power matrix depends on water, similar to what mute _ our power matrix depends on water, similar to what mute was _ our power matrix depends on water, similar to what mute was saying, - our power matrix depends on water, similar to what mute was saying, so| similar to what mute was saying, so we are _ similar to what mute was saying, so we are going — similar to what mute was saying, so we are going from _ similar to what mute was saying, so we are going from 1% _ similar to what mute was saying, so we are going from 1% to— similar to what mute was saying, so we are going from 1% to over- similar to what mute was saying, so we are going from 1% to over 12, - similar to what mute was saying, so we are going from 1% to over 12, wej we are going from 1% to over 12, we are getting — we are going from 1% to over 12, we are getting to— we are going from 1% to over 12, we are getting to 16%_ we are going from 1% to over 12, we are getting to 16% now, _ we are going from 1% to over 12, we are getting to 16% now, wind - we are going from 1% to over 12, we are getting to 16% now, wind and i are getting to 16% now, wind and solar— are getting to 16% now, wind and solar plus— are getting to 16% now, wind and solar plus the _ are getting to 16% now, wind and solar plus the 70% _ are getting to 16% now, wind and solar plus the 70% that _ are getting to 16% now, wind and solar plus the 70% that we - are getting to 16% now, wind and solar plus the 70% that we did . are getting to 16% now, wind andj solar plus the 70% that we did on water— solar plus the 70% that we did on water resources, _ solar plus the 70% that we did on water resources, so _ solar plus the 70% that we did on water resources, so we _ solar plus the 70% that we did on water resources, so we are - solar plus the 70% that we did on water resources, so we are goingj solar plus the 70% that we did on . water resources, so we are going to have _ water resources, so we are going to have a — water resources, so we are going to have a matrix — water resources, so we are going to have a matrix that _ water resources, so we are going to have a matrix that is _ water resources, so we are going to have a matrix that is going - water resources, so we are going to have a matrix that is going to - water resources, so we are going to have a matrix that is going to be - have a matrix that is going to be one of— have a matrix that is going to be one of the — have a matrix that is going to be one of the cleanest _ have a matrix that is going to be one of the cleanest if— have a matrix that is going to be one of the cleanest if not - have a matrix that is going to be one of the cleanest if not the - one of the cleanest if not the cleanest _ one of the cleanest if not the cleanest of _ one of the cleanest if not the cleanest of the _ one of the cleanest if not the cleanest of the world, - one of the cleanest if not the cleanest of the world, we - one of the cleanest if not the| cleanest of the world, we are one of the cleanest if not the . cleanest of the world, we are at number— cleanest of the world, we are at number nine _ cleanest of the world, we are at number nine right— cleanest of the world, we are at number nine right now. - cleanest of the world, we are at number nine right now. and - cleanest of the world, we are at number nine right now. and our cleanest of the world, we are at - number nine right now. and our goal with viable _ number nine right now. and our goal with viable renewables, _ number nine right now. and our goal with viable renewables, is _ number nine right now. and our goal with viable renewables, is to - number nine right now. and our goal with viable renewables, is to get - number nine right now. and our goal with viable renewables, is to get to i with viable renewables, is to get to about _ with viable renewables, is to get to about 25% — with viable renewables, is to get to about 25% by— with viable renewables, is to get to about 25% by 2030. _ with viable renewables, is to get to about 25% by 2030. the _ with viable renewables, is to get to about 25% by 2030.— about 25% by 2030. the specific tuestion about 25% by 2030. the specific question was — about 25% by 2030. the specific question was is _ about 25% by 2030. the specific question was is it _ about 25% by 2030. the specific question was is it a _ about 25% by 2030. the specific question was is it a tick- about 25% by 2030. the specific question was is it a tick box - question was is it a tick box exercise? the feeling is that particularly with new build houses or even renovations, you can put one or even renovations, you can put one or two solar panels up, but there isn't actually proper regulations. you need to put the solar panels up if you want to make sure that you are not using grid electricity. l are not using grid electricity. i think we are increasing, massively increasing — think we are increasing, massively increasing the standards on new builds — increasing the standards on new builds. ., . , increasing the standards on new builds. ., ., , ., increasing the standards on new builds. ., . , ., ., builds. you admit they are not good at the moment? _ builds. you admit they are not good at the moment? i— builds. you admit they are not good at the moment? i think _ builds. you admit they are not good at the moment? i think they - builds. you admit they are not good at the moment? i think they could i builds. you admit they are not good i at the moment? i think they could be imroved, at the moment? i think they could be improved. and _ at the moment? i think they could be improved, and we _ at the moment? i think they could be improved, and we are _ at the moment? i think they could be improved, and we are massively - improved, and we are massively increasing — improved, and we are massively increasing that. i also think that if we _ increasing that. i also think that if we look— increasing that. i also think that if we look over the last ten years, we have _ if we look over the last ten years, we have had a huge shift to renewables, and that shift has actually — renewables, and that shift has actually been very cheap in many ways _ actually been very cheap in many ways i_ actually been very cheap in many ways. i looked at the offshore wind auction _ ways. i looked at the offshore wind auction ten — ways. i looked at the offshore wind auction ten years ago, and that was £150 per— auction ten years ago, and that was £150 per megawatt hour, but is the price we _ £150 per megawatt hour, but is the price we are — £150 per megawatt hour, but is the price we are looking at. at the last auction. _ price we are looking at. at the last auction. it— price we are looking at. at the last auction, it was £39. so what we are seeing _ auction, it was £39. so what we are seeing is _ auction, it was £39. so what we are seeing is huge investment. that is actually— seeing is huge investment. that is actually driving the unit costs down — actually driving the unit costs down. this is happening now. can we down. this is happening now. can we do more? _ down. this is happening now. can we do more? absolutely, but that is happening, and i understand people's frustration. _ happening, and i understand people's frustration, but we have come a long way. frustration, but we have come a long way it _ frustration, but we have come a long way it is— frustration, but we have come a long way it is not— frustration, but we have come a long way. it is not right to say that simply— way. it is not right to say that simply nothing is being done. in big cities in america, _ simply nothing is being done. in big cities in america, i _ simply nothing is being done. in big cities in america, i don't _ simply nothing is being done. in big cities in america, i don't see - simply nothing is being done. in an cities in america, i don't see too much of solar or wind farms. america is pretty behind on this.— is pretty behind on this. actually we are moving — is pretty behind on this. actually we are moving pretty _ is pretty behind on this. actually we are moving pretty quickly. i is pretty behind on this. actually| we are moving pretty quickly. we is pretty behind on this. actually - we are moving pretty quickly. we are seeing a lot of communities that have solar roofs but we are also seeing large scale utilities, which is really quite remarkable. we have moved forward to significantly advance offshore wind, which is a large resource, and the president has just committed and sent a bill to congress, a framework that is basically calling for an investment of $555 billion. that is a significant investment in every sector. but every sector needs to do it. 50 sector. but every sector needs to do it. ,, ., sector. but every sector needs to do it. , ., sector. but every sector needs to do it. so we should talk about who is not in the room, _ it. so we should talk about who is not in the room, and _ it. so we should talk about who is not in the room, and we - it. so we should talk about who is not in the room, and we were - it. so we should talk about who is . not in the room, and we were talking earlier about china. they make the thing is, and they make a lot of wind turbines as well, but they don't use them enough. where is the leveraged over china? l don't use them enough. where is the leveraged over china?— leveraged over china? i mentioned one thin , leveraged over china? i mentioned one thing. and _ leveraged over china? i mentioned one thing, and you _ leveraged over china? i mentioned one thing, and you have _ leveraged over china? i mentioned one thing, and you have to - leveraged over china? i mentioned one thing, and you have to be - one thing, and you have to be creative about these challenges, because we want to work with china to get that. but we just resolved an issue between the eu and the us on tariffs, and instead of being a normal tariff, we actually used a new way of thinking about carbon intensity is the way in which to measure who should pay what. so that gives us an ability to better charge fees, essentially, on materials that are coming into our country if they are coming into our country if they are steel and are coming into our country if they are steeland aluminium, are coming into our country if they are steel and aluminium, which are big products, if they are being dirty and sent to us cheaper, we have to balance that out. we cannot allow this. and if you think about how creative this is, this could change the whole dynamic. i don't want your money as much as i want your action on climate. that is the issue. i your action on climate. that is the issue. ~' , ., �* your action on climate. that is the issue. ~ �* ., , , issue. i think you're absolutely ritht, issue. i think you're absolutely right. and _ issue. i think you're absolutely right, and with _ issue. i think you're absolutely right, and with regard - issue. i think you're absolutely right, and with regard to - issue. i think you're absolutely| right, and with regard to china, issue. i think you're absolutely - right, and with regard to china, and i right, and with regard to china, and l speak— right, and with regard to china, and l speak to _ right, and with regard to china, and i speak to chinese energy ministers and people in that, at one of the things— and people in that, at one of the things of— and people in that, at one of the things of the uk is working with china _ things of the uk is working with china on— things of the uk is working with china on his offshore wind. it so happens — china on his offshore wind. it so happens that gina mentioned offshore wind in _ happens that gina mentioned offshore wind in the _ happens that gina mentioned offshore wind in the us. the two biggest countries — wind in the us. the two biggest countries in terms of offshore wind are china _ countries in terms of offshore wind are china and the uk, and that is something — are china and the uk, and that is something we are interested in developing. they have huge solar panels _ developing. they have huge solar panels there. so you're quite right to say— panels there. so you're quite right to say we — panels there. so you're quite right to say we have to put china's feet to say we have to put china's feet to the _ to say we have to put china's feet to the fire. — to say we have to put china's feet to the fire, but it is wrong to say that they— to the fire, but it is wrong to say that they are not part of this solution _ that they are not part of this solution. ., , ., , ., that they are not part of this solution. ., , ., , . solution. no, but mario draghi said it has to be — solution. no, but mario draghi said it has to be multilateral. _ solution. no, but mario draghi said it has to be multilateral. you - it has to be multilateral. you cannot do it on your own. and if you have got so many countries, brazil, russia, not giving any targets, and if you have got china saying their peak emissions are going to be in 2030 and they are not going to be carbon neutral until 2060, the statistics on energy are terrible. you are right, we have got to push them _ you are right, we have got to push them but— you are right, we have got to push them but i— you are right, we have got to push them. but i want to give people the impression — them. but i want to give people the impression that we are pushing them, and they— impression that we are pushing them, and they are _ impression that we are pushing them, and they are stepping up to the plate _ and they are stepping up to the plate in — and they are stepping up to the plate in some areas, and things like renewables. we are engaging with china _ renewables. we are engaging with china all— renewables. we are engaging with china all the time on how we can increase — china all the time on how we can increase renewables, and actually -et increase renewables, and actually get worldwide deployment on renewables. that is the key. it is what _ renewables. that is the key. it is what mute — renewables. that is the key. it is what mute said about investment, that is— what mute said about investment, that is crucial on this. can what mute said about investment, that is crucial on this.— that is crucial on this. can i come back in? the _ that is crucial on this. can i come back in? the things _ that is crucial on this. can i come back in? the things we _ that is crucial on this. can i come back in? the things we are - that is crucial on this. can i come | back in? the things we are talking about investing in are not losing propositions. they are hugely winning propositions.- propositions. they are hugely winning propositions. exactly right. we are being _ winning propositions. exactly right. we are being asked _ winning propositions. exactly right. we are being asked by _ winning propositions. exactly right. we are being asked by young - winning propositions. exactly right. i we are being asked by young people to stop destroying the planet, which is essentially threatening human lives and our communities. if that is not a really good place to invest, i don't know what is. but secondly, the way we look at it is president biden is not looking to spend $550 billion to sacrifice our economy. he is looking to grow that and growjobs. these are really investments not penalties. l and grow jobs. these are really investments not penalties. i agree. as soon as — investments not penalties. i agree. as soon as china _ investments not penalties. i agree. as soon as china or— investments not penalties. i agree. as soon as china or brazil- investments not penalties. i agree. as soon as china or brazil figure . as soon as china or brazil figure that out, that they are on the losing end of the proposition, they will be forcing... losing end of the proposition, they will be forcing. . ._ will be forcing... what is your leveraged _ will be forcing... what is your leveraged over _ will be forcing... what is your leveraged over brazil? - will be forcing. .. what is your leveraged over brazil? i - will be forcing... what is your leveraged over brazil? i have | will be forcing... what is your - leveraged over brazil? i have one oint to leveraged over brazil? i have one point to make — leveraged over brazil? i have one point to make about _ leveraged over brazil? i have one point to make about the - leveraged over brazil? i have one| point to make about the question, which _ point to make about the question, which i _ point to make about the question, which i think— point to make about the question, which i think is— point to make about the question, which i think is very— point to make about the question, which i think is very good, - point to make about the question, which i think is very good, but - point to make about the question, which i think is very good, but to i which i think is very good, but to illustrate — which i think is very good, but to illustrate what _ which i think is very good, but to illustrate what type _ which i think is very good, but to illustrate what type of— which i think is very good, but to illustrate what type of debate . which i think is very good, but toj illustrate what type of debate we have in _ illustrate what type of debate we have in different _ illustrate what type of debate we have in different parts _ illustrate what type of debate we have in different parts of - illustrate what type of debate we have in different parts of the - have in different parts of the world — have in different parts of the world here _ have in different parts of the world. here you _ have in different parts of the world. here you are - have in different parts of the world. here you are asking i have in different parts of the - world. here you are asking about building — world. here you are asking about building standards _ world. here you are asking about building standards for— world. here you are asking about building standards for solar - world. here you are asking about i building standards for solar panels. we still— building standards for solar panels. we still have — building standards for solar panels. we still have in— building standards for solar panels. we still have in colombia _ building standards for solar panels. we still have in colombia about. we still have in colombia about 500.000 — we still have in colombia about 500,000 families _ we still have in colombia about 500,000 families without - we still have in colombia about i 500,000 families without access we still have in colombia about - 500,000 families without access to electricity — 500,000 families without access to electricity in— 500,000 families without access to electricity. in the _ 500,000 families without access to electricity. in the world _ 500,000 families without access to electricity. in the world we - 500,000 families without access to electricity. in the world we have - 500,000 families without access to electricity. in the world we have 1. electricity. in the world we have1 billion— electricity. in the world we have 1 billion people _ electricity. in the world we have 1 billion people who _ electricity. in the world we have 1 billion people who don't - electricity. in the world we have 1 billion people who don't have - electricity. in the world we have 1. billion people who don't have access to electricity — billion people who don't have access to electricity and _ billion people who don't have access to electricity and they— billion people who don't have access to electricity and they have - billion people who don't have access to electricity and they have to - billion people who don't have access to electricity and they have to use i to electricity and they have to use wood _ to electricity and they have to use wood to _ to electricity and they have to use wood to cook— to electricity and they have to use wood to cook that _ to electricity and they have to use wood to cook that contributes - to electricity and they have to use wood to cook that contributes to i wood to cook that contributes to deforestation. _ wood to cook that contributes to deforestation. we _ wood to cook that contributes to deforestation. we need - wood to cook that contributes to deforestation. we need to- wood to cook that contributes to deforestation. we need to fix . wood to cook that contributes to i deforestation. we need to fix that as well— deforestation. we need to fix that as well and — deforestation. we need to fix that as well and that _ deforestation. we need to fix that as well and that has _ deforestation. we need to fix that as well and that has to _ deforestation. we need to fix that as well and that has to be - deforestation. we need to fix that as well and that has to be part - deforestation. we need to fix that as well and that has to be part of| as well and that has to be part of the conversation _ as well and that has to be part of the conversation that _ as well and that has to be part of the conversation that that - as well and that has to be part of the conversation that that is - as well and that has to be part of. the conversation that that is where we need _ the conversation that that is where we need to— the conversation that that is where we need to help _ the conversation that that is where we need to help fund _ the conversation that that is where we need to help fund that. - the conversation that that is where we need to help fund that. you - the conversation that that is where we need to help fund that. you want eo - le to we need to help fund that. you want people to live _ we need to help fund that. you want people to live with _ we need to help fund that. you want people to live with dignity _ we need to help fund that. you want people to live with dignity and - we need to help fund that. you want people to live with dignity and how. people to live with dignity and how that energy, but you don't want them to be contributing to the problem is that we have. to be contributing to the problem is that we have-— that we have. exactly, and that is wh we that we have. exactly, and that is why we are _ that we have. exactly, and that is why we are using _ that we have. exactly, and that is why we are using solar— that we have. exactly, and that is why we are using solar panels - that we have. exactly, and that is why we are using solar panels to | why we are using solar panels to actually — why we are using solar panels to actually close _ why we are using solar panels to actually close that _ why we are using solar panels to actually close that energy- why we are using solar panels to actually close that energy gap, i why we are using solar panels to . actually close that energy gap, and we are _ actually close that energy gap, and we are getting _ actually close that energy gap, and we are getting to— actually close that energy gap, and we are getting to 100,000 - actually close that energy gap, and. we are getting to 100,000 families, about— we are getting to 100,000 families, about 40% _ we are getting to 100,000 families, about 40% of— we are getting to 100,000 families, about 40% of them _ we are getting to 100,000 families, about 40% of them with _ we are getting to 100,000 families, about 40% of them with solar- we are getting to 100,000 families, i about 40% of them with solar panels. lets about 40% of them with solar panels. lets move _ about 40% of them with solar panels. lets move onto — about 40% of them with solar panels. lets move onto the _ about 40% of them with solar panels. lets move onto the next— about 40% of them with solar panels. lets move onto the next question, . lets move onto the next question, and it comes from aberdeen. your question, please? my question is, there has been a lot of talk— my question is, there has been a lot of talk about — my question is, there has been a lot of talk about making _ my question is, there has been a lot of talk about making people - my question is, there has been a lot of talk about making people switchi of talk about making people switch to electric — of talk about making people switch to electric cars _ of talk about making people switch to electric cars by— of talk about making people switch to electric cars by 2050. _ of talk about making people switch to electric cars by 2050. if - of talk about making people switch to electric cars by 2050. if peoplei to electric cars by 2050. if people cannot— to electric cars by 2050. if people cannot afford _ to electric cars by 2050. if people cannot afford it _ to electric cars by 2050. if people cannot afford it by _ to electric cars by 2050. if people cannot afford it by then, - to electric cars by 2050. if people cannot afford it by then, what - to electric cars by 2050. if people . cannot afford it by then, what would you do _ cannot afford it by then, what would you do in— cannot afford it by then, what would you do in that — cannot afford it by then, what would you do in that situation? _ cannot afford it by then, what would you do in that situation? gina- you do in that situation? gina mccarthy. — you do in that situation? gina mccarthy. only _ you do in that situation? gina mccarthy, only rich _ you do in that situation? mccarthy, only rich people you do in that situation?“ mccarthy, only rich people can afford electric cars. the cheapest tesla is approximately £40,000 or $60,000. the cheapest skoda is £15,000. it's a rich person's game at the moment, an electric car. you are not wrong. _ at the moment, an electric car. you are not wrong, but _ at the moment, an electric car. you are not wrong, but there are ways of resolving _ are not wrong, but there are ways of resolving that. number one is, the more _ resolving that. number one is, the more you _ resolving that. number one is, the more you produce, the cheaper they -et. more you produce, the cheaper they get and _ more you produce, the cheaper they get. and number two more you produce, the cheaper they get. and numbertwo is, more you produce, the cheaper they get. and number two is, you can provide — get. and number two is, you can provide consumers with a rebate that equalises— provide consumers with a rebate that equalises the challenge. that is part of— equalises the challenge. that is part of the way in which you build this into — part of the way in which you build this into an— part of the way in which you build this into an economic system that will allow— this into an economic system that will allow you to get access to these — will allow you to get access to these types of products. in will allow you to get access to these types of products. in terms of greenland. — these types of products. in terms of greenland. you _ these types of products. in terms of greenland, you can _ these types of products. in terms of greenland, you can help— these types of products. in terms of greenland, you can help with - greenland, you can help with electric cars, but at a price, because you have got critical materials for electric cars. you have nickel, copper, cobalt and platinum. companies run by death business —— —— companies run byjeff bezos and gates are interested. are you happy about mining cobalt and nickel? if you happy about mining cobalt and nickel? .., you happy about mining cobalt and nickel? .. ., you happy about mining cobalt and nickel? ., , , ., ., , , nickel? if we can do it sustainably, it would be — nickel? if we can do it sustainably, it would be good. _ nickel? if we can do it sustainably, it would be good. but _ nickel? if we can do it sustainably, it would be good. but the - nickel? if we can do it sustainably, it would be good. but the more . nickel? if we can do it sustainably, | it would be good. but the more you invest— it would be good. but the more you invest and — it would be good. but the more you invest and the more you produce, the cheaper— invest and the more you produce, the cheaper it— invest and the more you produce, the cheaper it will be. that is the way we need — cheaper it will be. that is the way we need to— cheaper it will be. that is the way we need to do that. and _ we need to do that. and that is a perfect way for countries to work together, because these vehicles, once you own one, they are cheaper to run. they have almost no maintenance. so the key is to get them less expensive to give everybody access. but to get them less expensive to give everybody access.— everybody access. but what about hel-tin everybody access. but what about helping people _ everybody access. but what about helping people to _ everybody access. but what about helping people to buy _ everybody access. but what about helping people to buy these - everybody access. but what aboutj helping people to buy these cars? that is what we are doing. it was an excellent question, and it is exactly as has been described. the more we invest in this, we can drive down the unit cost of production. that is when you get cheaper cars. one of the things the government is trying to do is to incentivise, through grants, the acquisition of these cars. it is a classic example of trying to drive down unit costs through investment. and we are trying to do that with heat pumps and other forms of renewable technologies. and we are seeing that. ~ ., ., .,~ ., that. what do you make of the problem? _ that. what do you make of the problem? i — that. what do you make of the problem? i think— that. what do you make of the problem? i think it _ that. what do you make of the problem? i think it will - that. what do you make of the problem? i think it will be - that. what do you make of the problem? i think it will be ok| that. what do you make of the | problem? i think it will be ok if the are problem? i think it will be ok if they are able — problem? i think it will be ok if they are able to _ problem? i think it will be ok if they are able to make - problem? i think it will be ok if they are able to make it - problem? i think it will be ok if. they are able to make it affordable for everyone _ they are able to make it affordable for everyone-— they are able to make it affordable for everyone. thank you very much. now we can — for everyone. thank you very much. now we can take _ for everyone. thank you very much. now we can take a _ for everyone. thank you very much. now we can take a question - for everyone. thank you very much. now we can take a question from i now we can take a question from maria from edinburgh, who is here in the studio. . ~ maria from edinburgh, who is here in the studio. ., ,, , ., maria from edinburgh, who is here in the studio. . ~' , ., , maria from edinburgh, who is here in the studio. ., ,, , ., , ., the studio. thank you. it is world vetan the studio. thank you. it is world vegan day _ the studio. thank you. it is world vegan day today. _ the studio. thank you. it is world vegan day today, an _ the studio. thank you. it is world vegan day today, an oxford - vegan day today, an oxford university— vegan day today, an oxford university studies- vegan day today, an oxford i university studies concluded vegan day today, an oxford - university studies concluded that going _ university studies concluded that going vegan— university studies concluded that going vegan is— university studies concluded that going vegan is the _ university studies concluded that going vegan is the single - university studies concluded that going vegan is the single biggestj going vegan is the single biggest action— going vegan is the single biggest action on— going vegan is the single biggest action on an _ going vegan is the single biggest action on an individual— going vegan is the single biggest action on an individual can - going vegan is the single biggest action on an individual can take i going vegan is the single biggestl action on an individual can take to protect— action on an individual can take to protect the — action on an individual can take to protect the planet. _ action on an individual can take to protect the planet. what - action on an individual can take to protect the planet. what are - action on an individual can take to protect the planet. what are you. protect the planet. what are you doing _ protect the planet. what are you doing to — protect the planet. what are you doing to encourage _ protect the planet. what are you doing to encourage more - protect the planet. what are you doing to encourage more planetl doing to encourage more planet friendly— doing to encourage more planet friendly diets _ doing to encourage more planet friendly diets such _ doing to encourage more planet friendly diets such as _ doing to encourage more planet friendly diets such as veganisml doing to encourage more planet- friendly diets such as veganism and to support — friendly diets such as veganism and to support the _ friendly diets such as veganism and to support the transition _ friendly diets such as veganism and to support the transition away - friendly diets such as veganism and to support the transition away from j to support the transition away from animal— to support the transition away from animal farming _ to support the transition away from animalfarming to— to support the transition away from animal farming to more _ to support the transition away from i animal farming to more sustainable, plant -based — animal farming to more sustainable, plant —based farming? _ animal farming to more sustainable, plant -based farming?— animal farming to more sustainable, plant -based farming? thank you very much. i plant -based farming? thank you very much- i read — plant -based farming? thank you very much. i read that _ plant -based farming? thank you very much. i read that you _ plant -based farming? thank you very much. i read that you were _ much. i read that you were considering veganism. how did you get on? ihlat considering veganism. how did you net on? ., ., ., �*, get on? not at the moment. it's difficult. get on? not at the moment. it's difficult- it— get on? not at the moment. it's difficult. it is— get on? not at the moment. it's difficult. it is hard. _ get on? not at the moment. it's difficult. it is hard. but - get on? not at the moment. it's difficult. it is hard. but i - difficult. it is hard. but i understand where you are coming from. and i'm glad you mentioned it, because we haven't talked about agriculture. that is a huge emitter and we have been speaking for an hour and we have concentrated on power generation and transportation. we haven't spoken about agriculture, and i think moving to plant —based diets is something people should consider. i don't think government should force people to do that. ilkla should force people to do that. no taxes on red meat, then? well, i should force people to do that. no j taxes on red meat, then? well, as should force people to do that. no i taxes on red meat, then? well, as i alwa s taxes on red meat, then? well, as i always say. — taxes on red meat, then? well, as i always say. that _ taxes on red meat, then? well, as i always say, that is _ taxes on red meat, then? well, as i always say, that is a _ taxes on red meat, then? well, as i always say, that is a matter- taxes on red meat, then? well, as i always say, that is a matter for - taxes on red meat, then? well, as i always say, that is a matter for the | always say, that is a matter for the treasury. but i think encouraging people to think about their lifestyle is what we want to be doing. lifestyle is what we want to be doint. , ., ~ ., lifestyle is what we want to be doint., ., ~ ., lifestyle is what we want to be doint. , ., ~ ., ., doing. diego mesa, are you vegan? no, i am doing. diego mesa, are you vegan? no. i am not. _ doing. diego mesa, are you vegan? no, i am not, but _ doing. diego mesa, are you vegan? no, i am not, but i _ doing. diego mesa, are you vegan? no, i am not, but i do _ doing. diego mesa, are you vegan? no, i am not, but i do think- doing. diego mesa, are you vegan? no, i am not, but i do think low- no, i am not, but i do think low carbon— no, i am not, but i do think low carbon agriculture _ no, i am not, but i do think low carbon agriculture as _ no, i am not, but i do think low carbon agriculture as part - no, i am not, but i do think low carbon agriculture as part of. no, i am not, but i do think low| carbon agriculture as part of the solution — carbon agriculture as part of the solution and _ carbon agriculture as part of the solution. and going _ carbon agriculture as part of the solution. and going beyond - carbon agriculture as part of the l solution. and going beyond that, carbon agriculture as part of the - solution. and going beyond that, you can have _ solution. and going beyond that, you can have absorption _ solution. and going beyond that, you can have absorption agriculture - solution. and going beyond that, you can have absorption agriculture to . can have absorption agriculture to capture _ can have absorption agriculture to capture c02 — can have absorption agriculture to capture c02 emissions. _ can have absorption agriculture to capture c02 emissions. it- can have absorption agriculture to capture c02 emissions. it is- can have absorption agriculture to capture c02 emissions. it is all. capture c02 emissions. it is all about— capture c02 emissions. it is all about making _ capture c02 emissions. it is all about making it— capture c02 emissions. it is all about making it sustainable. . capture c02 emissions. it is allj about making it sustainable. in addition — about making it sustainable. in addition to— about making it sustainable. in addition to changing _ about making it sustainable. in addition to changing patterns i about making it sustainable. in| addition to changing patterns in which _ addition to changing patterns in which we — addition to changing patterns in which we behave. _ addition to changing patterns in which we behave. i— addition to changing patterns in which we behave. i agree - addition to changing patterns in which we behave. i agree with i addition to changing patterns in l which we behave. i agree with you that it _ which we behave. i agree with you that it is _ which we behave. i agree with you that it is an— which we behave. i agree with you that it is an individual— that it is an individual contribution - that it is an individual contribution that- that it is an individual contribution that we i that it is an individual- contribution that we could all that it is an individual— contribution that we could all do, but we _ contribution that we could all do, but we also — contribution that we could all do, but we also need _ contribution that we could all do, but we also need to _ contribution that we could all do, but we also need to make - contribution that we could all do, but we also need to make sure i contribution that we could all do, i but we also need to make sure that if you _ but we also need to make sure that if you are _ but we also need to make sure that if you are vegan. _ but we also need to make sure that if you are vegan, or— but we also need to make sure that if you are vegan, or the _ but we also need to make sure that if you are vegan, or the products . but we also need to make sure that| if you are vegan, or the products we consume _ if you are vegan, or the products we consume are — if you are vegan, or the products we consume are sustainable. _ if you are vegan, or the products we consume are sustainable. do - consume are sustainable. do you think it is time _ consume are sustainable. do you think it is time to _ consume are sustainable. do you think it is time to start _ consume are sustainable. do you think it is time to start taxing - think it is time to start taxing behaviour and lifestyle? it is more of a stick and a carrot, nope unintended, to get you into veganism? l unintended, to get you into veganism?— unintended, to get you into vetanism? , , veganism? i don't need sticks, but i do eat carrots- _ veganism? i don't need sticks, but i do eat carrots. i _ veganism? i don't need sticks, but i do eat carrots. i think— veganism? i don't need sticks, but i do eat carrots. i think it's _ veganism? i don't need sticks, but i do eat carrots. i think it's very - do eat carrots. i think it's very difficult — do eat carrots. i think it's very difficult to _ do eat carrots. i think it's very difficult to try to tax behaviour. we provide incentives to give people cheaper— we provide incentives to give people cheaper options for what is good for you, cheaper options for what is good for you. but— cheaper options for what is good for you. but i_ cheaper options for what is good for you, but i ran the epa fora cheaper options for what is good for you, but i ran the epa for a while. i you, but i ran the epa for a while. i like _ you, but i ran the epa for a while. i like regulations too. so i am not sure _ i like regulations too. so i am not sure that — i like regulations too. so i am not sure that l — i like regulations too. so i am not sure that i am trying to force people — sure that i am trying to force people to _ sure that i am trying to force people to make decisions as much as the economy and the businesses. in this case. _ the economy and the businesses. in this case, we are working with farmers— this case, we are working with farmers to _ this case, we are working with farmers to do smart agriculture, to -et farmers to do smart agriculture, to get methane reductions out of the system. _ get methane reductions out of the system. to— get methane reductions out of the system, to capture the carbon in the soil. system, to capture the carbon in the soil there _ system, to capture the carbon in the soil. there are things we can do together— soil. there are things we can do together to bring about reductions without— together to bring about reductions without penalising individuals. it without penalising individuals. [fl is without penalising individuals. it is difficult for greenlanders to have vegetables because of difficult growing conditions. we have vegetables because of difficult growing conditions.— growing conditions. we can do it in south greenland. _ growing conditions. we can do it in south greenland. but _ growing conditions. we can do it in south greenland. but i _ growing conditions. we can do it in south greenland. but i think - growing conditions. we can do it in south greenland. but i think we i growing conditions. we can do it in i south greenland. but i think we also need to— south greenland. but i think we also need to think about people in the undeveloped countries. we need —— they also— undeveloped countries. we need —— they also need to have some food. but we _ they also need to have some food. but we need to transform to a sustainable way of production. i will tell— sustainable way of production. i will tell you a little story from greenland. we have always lived by nature _ greenland. we have always lived by nature over — greenland. we have always lived by nature over thousands of years. hunting. — nature over thousands of years. hunting, but because the climate changes. — hunting, but because the climate changes, the hunters cannot catch the animals any more in some places. and because _ the animals any more in some places. and because of climate change, the tracks— and because of climate change, the tracks of— and because of climate change, the tracks of the animals are changing. so we _ tracks of the animals are changing. so we need — tracks of the animals are changing. so we need to do something. there are some _ so we need to do something. there are some people in the world who need _ are some people in the world who need to— are some people in the world who need to have solutions.— are some people in the world who need to have solutions. thank you. let's take need to have solutions. thank you. let's take a — need to have solutions. thank you. let's take a question _ need to have solutions. thank you. let's take a question from - need to have solutions. thank you. let's take a question from a - need to have solutions. thank you. let's take a question from a viewerj let's take a question from a viewer in new delhi in india.— in new delhi in india. thanks. my tuestion in new delhi in india. thanks. my question is— in new delhi in india. thanks. my question is really _ in new delhi in india. thanks. my question is really simple. - in new delhi in india. thanks. my question is really simple. has - question is really simple. has climate — question is really simple. has climate change _ question is really simple. has climate change affecting - question is really simple. has climate change affecting youi climate change affecting you personally. _ climate change affecting you personally, and _ climate change affecting you personally, and what - climate change affecting you personally, and what did - climate change affecting you| personally, and what did you climate change affecting you - personally, and what did you learn from _ personally, and what did you learn from it _ personally, and what did you learn from it and — personally, and what did you learn from it and how _ personally, and what did you learn from it and how did _ personally, and what did you learn from it and how did you _ personally, and what did you learn from it and how did you react - personally, and what did you learn from it and how did you react to i personally, and what did you learni from it and how did you react to it? thank— from it and how did you react to it? thank you — from it and how did you react to it? thank you very _ from it and how did you react to it? thank you very much _ from it and how did you react to it? thank you very much indeed. - from it and how did you react to it? i thank you very much indeed. diego, has climate change affected you or your family personally and what did your family personally and what did you do about it?— your family personally and what did you do about it? yes, i mentioned a story about — you do about it? yes, i mentioned a story about this _ you do about it? yes, i mentioned a story about this category _ you do about it? yes, i mentioned a story about this category five - story about this category five hurricane _ story about this category five hurricane we _ story about this category five hurricane we had _ story about this category five hurricane we had last - story about this category five i hurricane we had last october story about this category five . hurricane we had last october in colombia — hurricane we had last october in colombia and _ hurricane we had last october in colombia and it _ hurricane we had last october in colombia and it was _ hurricane we had last october in| colombia and it was devastating. hurricane we had last october in i colombia and it was devastating. i was there — colombia and it was devastating. i was there with _ colombia and it was devastating. i was there with the _ colombia and it was devastating. i was there with the president - colombia and it was devastating. i was there with the president and i colombia and it was devastating. ii was there with the president and we were the _ was there with the president and we were the first — was there with the president and we were the first responders. _ was there with the president and we were the first responders. we - was there with the president and we were the first responders. we didn'tj were the first responders. we didn't know— were the first responders. we didn't know if— were the first responders. we didn't know if we _ were the first responders. we didn't know if we were _ were the first responders. we didn't know if we were going _ were the first responders. we didn't know if we were going to _ were the first responders. we didn't know if we were going to find - were the first responders. we didn't know if we were going to find 2000 | know if we were going to find 2000 people _ know if we were going to find 2000 people dead — know if we were going to find 2000 people dead we _ know if we were going to find 2000 people dead. we found _ know if we were going to find 2000 people dead. we found only- know if we were going to find 2000 people dead. we found only three i people dead. we found only three people _ people dead. we found only three people dead. _ people dead. we found only three people dead. but _ people dead. we found only three people dead, but we _ people dead. we found only three people dead, but we had - people dead. we found only three people dead, but we had a - people dead. we found only three people dead, but we had a city. people dead, but we had a city completely— people dead, but we had a city completely destroyed. - people dead, but we had a city completely destroyed. and - people dead, but we had a city completely destroyed. and it i people dead, but we had a city. completely destroyed. and it was people dead, but we had a city- completely destroyed. and it was a bil completely destroyed. and it was a big alarm _ completely destroyed. and it was a big alarm for— completely destroyed. and it was a big alarm for us. _ completely destroyed. and it was a big alarm for us. the _ completely destroyed. and it was a big alarm for us. the first- completely destroyed. and it was a big alarm for us. the first time - big alarm for us. the first time ever— big alarm for us. the first time ever in— big alarm for us. the first time ever in history— big alarm for us. the first time ever in history that _ big alarm for us. the first time ever in history that a _ big alarm for us. the first time ever in history that a categoryl big alarm for us. the first time . ever in history that a category five hurricane — ever in history that a category five hurricane hit— ever in history that a category five hurricane hit colombian _ ever in history that a category five hurricane hit colombian soil. - ever in history that a category five hurricane hit colombian soil. andl hurricane hit colombian soil. and that was— hurricane hit colombian soil. and that was a — hurricane hit colombian soil. and that was a result _ hurricane hit colombian soil. and that was a result of _ hurricane hit colombian soil. and that was a result of climate - hurricane hit colombian soil. and . that was a result of climate change. so we _ that was a result of climate change. so we need — that was a result of climate change. so we need to— that was a result of climate change. so we need to act _ that was a result of climate change. so we need to act now, _ that was a result of climate change. so we need to act now, that - that was a result of climate change. so we need to act now, that was - so we need to act now, that was something — so we need to act now, that was something that _ so we need to act now, that was something that was _ so we need to act now, that was something that was very- so we need to act now, that was something that was very moving so we need to act now, that was . something that was very moving for me personally— something that was very moving for me personally to _ something that was very moving for me personally to witness _ something that was very moving for me personally to witness the - me personally to witness the devastation— me personally to witness the devastation that _ me personally to witness the devastation that was - me personally to witness the devastation that was caused i me personally to witness the - devastation that was caused because of man-made — devastation that was caused because of man—made actions _ devastation that was caused because of man—made actions that _ devastation that was caused becausej of man—made actions that eventually end up— of man—made actions that eventually end up hitting — of man—made actions that eventually end up hitting countries _ of man—made actions that eventually end up hitting countries and - of man—made actions that eventually end up hitting countries and people i end up hitting countries and people who are _ end up hitting countries and people who are vulnerable. _ end up hitting countries and people who are vulnerable.— who are vulnerable. gina, has climate change _ who are vulnerable. gina, has climate change affecting - who are vulnerable. gina, has climate change affecting you i climate change affecting you personally in your work or your family life? llit personally in your work or your family life?— personally in your work or your family life? in my work, a great deal family life? in my work, a great deal- and _ family life? in my work, a great deal- and in _ family life? in my work, a great deal. and in my _ family life? in my work, a great deal. and in my family - family life? in my work, a great i deal. and in my family somewhat, although— deal. and in my family somewhat, although luckily, i haven't lost anybody _ although luckily, i haven't lost anybody. but we have had houses destroyed — anybody. but we have had houses destroyed. for me, i have seen the devastation— destroyed. for me, i have seen the devastation up close because when you work— devastation up close because when you work in— devastation up close because when you work in government, you have to face these _ you work in government, you have to face these challenges. and then you see what— face these challenges. and then you see what happens in other countries, including _ see what happens in other countries, including in— see what happens in other countries, including in the developing world, and you _ including in the developing world, and you just wonder what is taking so long? _ and you just wonder what is taking so long? why aren't we facing this? so i so long? why aren't we facing this? so i do _ so long? why aren't we facing this? so i do think— so long? why aren't we facing this? so i do think we are at an inflection point right now. that is what _ inflection point right now. that is what the — inflection point right now. that is what the last ipcc report did and that is— what the last ipcc report did and that is why we are gathered in glasgow— that is why we are gathered in glasgow today.