Moscow is adjusting its North-South trade corridor strategy, shifting focus from railways to sea lanes in the Caspian Sea and the Indian Ocean, inciting new geo-economic and geopolitical challenges.
The U.S. and China grapple over submarine cable dominance, with both nations legal frameworks falling short in protecting this critical infrastructure.
Central Asia and the South Caucasus are increasingly integrating to enhance regional connectivity and trade, a trend that could reshape geopolitical influence in Eurasia.
Kazakhstan is making significant efforts to diversify its foreign economic relations and assert its independence from Russia by developing new trade corridors and transport routes to Europe.
The development of the Lapis Lazuli Corridor aims to strengthen trade relations, boost exports, and improve the transportation infrastructure for all countries involved.