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TORONTO, ON - American adults 65 years old and older have better vision than that age group did nearly a decade ago, according to a recent study published in the journal
Ophthalmic Epidemiology.
In 2008, 8.3% of those aged 65 and older in the US reported serious vision impairment. In 2017 that number decreased to 6.6% for the 65-plus cohort. Put another way: if vision impairment rates had remained at 2008 levels, an additional 848,000 older Americans would have suffered serious vision impairment in 2017. The implications of a reduction in vision impairment are significant, says the study s first author, University of Toronto pharmacy student, ZhiDi (Judy) Deng.
Toronto, ON -A new study published in the journal
Substance Use and Misuse has found that adverse childhood experiences, such as physical and sexual abuse and neglect, predict greater performance-enhancing substance use in young adults.
Analyzing a sample of over 14,000 U.S. young adults from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, researchers found that adverse childhood experiences are strongly associated with both legal (e.g., creatine monohydrate) and illegal (e.g., anabolic-androgenic steroids) performance-enhancing substance use. This relationship was especially strong among individuals who experienced sexual abuse during childhood, where the likelihood of using anabolic-androgenic steroids increased nine times among men and six times among women.
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IMAGE: Nathan G. Smith, University of Houston associate professor in the counseling psychology doctoral program at the University of Houston College of Education and chair of the Department of Psychological, Health,. view more
Credit: University of Houston
It would surprise no one that pursuing a graduate degree can be a stressful endeavor, and for students who are transgender and nonbinary (TNB), the atmosphere can become toxic, according to University of Houston researcher Nathan Grant Smith. In a new paper published in
Higher Education, Smith provides an analysis of current literature pertaining to TNB graduate student experiences and suggests interventions in graduate education to create more supportive environments for TNB students.
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The West Virginia Clinical and Translational Science Institute (WVCTSI) will host a special virtual event titled HIV in Rural America on March 18. During this event, researchers, state, and national health experts will discuss research presented in The Lancet s recent issue: HIV in the United States.
The event will kick off at 11:30 a.m. with brief research presentations from authors published in The Lancet issue with Sally Hodder, MD, WVCTSI director and associate vice president for clinical and translational research at WVU moderating. Presenters and topics include:
Patrick Sullivan, DVM, PhD (Emory University). Epidemiology of HIV in the USA: Epidemic Burden, Inequities, Context, and Responses
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BOSTON - Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) have uncovered new clues that add to the growing understanding of how female mammals, including humans, silence one X chromosome. Their new study, published in
Molecular Cell, demonstrates how certain proteins alter the architecture of the X chromosome, which contributes to its inactivation. Better understanding of X chromosome inactivation could help scientists figure out how to reverse the process, potentially leading to cures for devastating genetic disorders.
Female mammals have two copies of the X chromosome in all of their cells. Each X chromosome contains many genes, but only one of the pair can be active; if both X chromosomes expressed genes, the cell couldn t survive. To prevent both X chromosomes from being active, female mammals have a mechanism that inactivates one of them during development. X chromosome inactivation is orchestrated by a noncoding form of RNA called Xist, which silences genes