The impact of reservations for the Scheduled Castes as village heads (pradhans) is examined on school and governance outcomes. In general, SC reservation is not associated with improved outcomes. The impact differs spatially, based on past history of landlord or non-landlord control under British colonial rule. In historically landlord areas with greater presence of dominant
Second wave: Understanding the emerging responses of the CSOs
Excerpt from the report “Civil Society Support to Covid-19 Affected Families: Outreach and Resourcing in the Second Wave” authored by Kaustuv Kanti Bandyopadhyay, Muskan Chawla, S Ram Aravind and Yashvi Sharma, and published by Participatory Research in Asia – PRIA; Unnati; Jagadananda, Centre for Youth and Social Development – CYSD; Samarthan; and Sahbhagi Shikshan Kendra:
The second wave of COVID-19 hit the country even harder than the first wave. The spread of virus was fast and furious. It has caused enormous devastations to hundreds of families across the country whose members contracted the virus. This was particularly excruciating for the poor and marginalised whose meagre resource base hardly supported the long drawn battle against the peril of pandemic.