Will examine them from a different perspective. About indian removal in the 19th century and how it was shaped by the expansion of american democracy and the cotton economy. Indian nations like the cherokees were victimized by the United States government, the state of georgia, settlers, but the nations willingness to adapt and to press all possible advantages illustrates how indians continued well beyond the colonial area to change to make colonialism work in their favor. Mind, i want to revisit california today. I want to consider the ways Californian Indian societies continued this practice and helped to build californias , attract settlers, and transform the territory into a vital american state during the gold rush. Hinged onformation the work of indian people. As you remember, catholic missionaries where the vanguard of Spanish Colonial settlement in california. Franciscan missionaries envision the Northern Frontier in which indians would be converted into spanish subjects and wi
California indians dont have the same kind of public image as say a warrior on a horseback, so they are not as bad ass in the popular imagination as the plains indians. I love this image because that guy is pretty fierce. He has some feathers going on. He looks like he could do some damage to your horse herd or to you, so i like that well into the gold rush era these mounted livestock rustlers in the Central Valley were kind of bad, bad, bad. Stock rustling also offered indians opportunities to thrive in the interior. Population explosion of horses. An english visitor estimated to see 3000 wild horses in todays travel in 1840. A miner on the eve of the gold rush claim that in the Central Valley, the Central Valley contained a larger portion of wild horses than any other part of the world to the same extent. On the san joaquin river, bands from 200 to 2000. These herds in addition to providing a lucrative source of trade provided a basis of subsistence for california indians living in t
Nonwilderness portion. Important tot is put this in context, in terms of the areas where talking about. War, itself, is 9 million acres, approximately the size of south carolina. The nonwilderness area, this 1002 area, is 1. 5 million acres, approximately the size of delaware. The area here is designated as wilderness, federal wilderness, 8 million acres there. So, when we are talking about an important tot is recognize that there are parts r that are designated wilderness, parts are designated refuge, and parts have specifically been designated for consideration for oil and Gas Exploration. I want to be clear. The 1002 area is not federal wilderness. Congress recognized the value of anwar when it recognize more than 70 million acres as the wilderness. That is protected and cannot, and will not be touched. The coastal plain, again, is separate from the wilderness in anwar. It is about the size of delaware, in a refuge about the size of south carolina. Talkingareas we are about our sign
[inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] my name is david tula, dean of the institute for aerospace studies. Joining me is cohost, the editor of war in iraq, ryan evidence. Our topic this morning is the future of air superiority. Over the next decade and a half, the United States is at risk of losing its ability to control the domain in combat. Budget pressure for delaying key investments are adversaries continue to advance. With this in mind, Brigadier General alex brenna which led a team of airspace cyberlogistics and support experts in an exhaustive review of options to gain and maintain control of error when necessary. It was called an Enterprise Capability Collaboration Team support ecc t. For short and a resulted in the air force air superiority 2030 flight plan. To read the other key experts in air security for colonel tom colquitt tour, the Constant Development leader and mr. Jenks failing, the Analysis Team lead. We are very pleased they could join us today to explo
Humans can fly. Thats a truth that is only been with us for over a century. Humans can walk on the moon, again, less than half a century of truth to us. Considering our time as human species on the planet, those are all really short times to know these things. Now, what i expect that in 16 years of now, a small crew of six women and men will be en route to mars. Think about it, only 16 years from now that can be true, too. But if we want that to happen, we today will have to ensure that we keep track with our human mars program. Looking at you, my audience, i know that im looking at the experts that can make this happen. As you truly are the best and the brightest in all fields we need to send humans to mars. Lets show our resolve. Lets keep building the infrastructure needed. Lets keep testing and proofing. Lets make humans on mars and obvious fact, too. Lets get underway now. I now have a great pleasure to introduce to people that have worked diligently in getting humans off plan and