You are watching american all weekend, every weekend on cspan3. Allen bone we are inside the Santa Fe Depot in San Bernardino. We represent the Railroad History and the local history of San Bernardino valley. Construction was complete in 1918. This replaced a wooden structure that was approximately a hundred yards east of here that burned in 1916. Why it was built a lot larger than it was needed was it was because they decided to house the Division Headquarters at this location at that time. So they made this an Industrial Area because of the railroad. There were a number of businesses that supported the railroad, and it had close to 2000 people employed here. The map here is the a yard. There were two places, a and b. This shows the depot and the switching tracks. The upper part of the map shows the office facilities, and the larger parts of the facilities west of topeka. They can rebuild any scene engine or diesel locomotive, repair cars, freight cars, passenger cars, anything they needed to maintain the railroad could be done here. Some of the items down here, and old Santa Fe Lincoln pen. Of the 1800s. Some of the tools from the machine measurement devices they used in the machine shops. Two boiler plates off of baldwin locomotives. And in the next case the , products that were all produced at the tin shop here. There were no airlines, so the only way to travel transcontinental was the railroad. There was 26 passenger trains a day that came through San Bernardino, 13 eastbound, 13 westbound. The Railway Passenger service was the only way to commute from the east to the west and now, that has sort of been taken over by airports. But the bigger the depot, the more trains they had. They had to accommodate a lot of people. They had restaurants and other services. In this particular depot, we had two harvey houses, this was a harvey house that could accommodate people 24 hours a day with a ushaped lunch counter. And at the east end there was a more deluxe dining area that could accommodate dinners. In 1876, harvey opened his first depot restaurant in topeka, kansas through an agreement with the santa fe railway. Eventually, he took over and was operating all the restaurants for the railroad, topeka, santa fe on their route here. He also helped, was responsible flying a lot of the field food served on the dining cars. We have different china year from different locations along the fred harvey roots. We had silverware that has fred harvey on it. We have a milk bottle by fred harvey, he would produce his own milk. And we have some menus and other artifacts here. Also in the east area, there is a twostory structure that has 12 bedrooms where the harvey girls would stay. The harvey girls, they had their certain uniforms they used, and they were the waitresses. They were the waitresses in the harvey house. If you are a harvey girl, we were told you had to live here , and you were not supposed to date. Don sheets well, right now we are in a replica of the wayside station where they had to they had a telegraph office for issuing Office Orders for the movement of trains. All of the stations, wherever there was a major siding, had to go to the depots with a bay window just like this. Would sitder operator here from his typewriter, and whenever the dispatcher had an order for a train it was coming in either direction, he would get a hold of the operator and have the order. The train order operator would copy an order on this form to issue instructions to the train about meeting and passing other trains or anything respecting track conditions where it was necessary to slow down. Before before the advent of the , telephone, they always the , train order operator always had to use the morse key, and as the morse was being sent, the operator would get his typewriter out and put the form in there and type up the orders for the train. These lights you see up here was to let the train order operator know whether a train was approaching. When that light went out or either light went out, itll the operator that the train was about six miles away, and the train order operator would then get a hold of the dispatcher and let the dispatcher know, in case the dispatcher had any orders for the train. If the dispatcher had orders, after the train order operator had tied them up, type them up, these handles woodstock. It would remain at stop unless the dispatcher had an order. If there was no order, then the train order operator would pull this back and give the train a clear signal, and that meant the train could go without stopping. Otherwise they would have to stop and receive orders. If the dispatcher had orders for the train, the train order operator would type them up, pull them up, and put them in this hoop. And then when the train came by, he would hold it up, and the engineer, the brakemen, or the fireman would scoop this up. With his hand through this hoop. Glen icanberry this is called a ctc machine, made by union break and signal in the 1950s. It was installed at the Dispatchers Office in fresno, california, and it controlled from resmed on this end through stockton it controlled from fresno on this end through stockton on that end. And what it does is you can see that there is a main line here all the way through it, and it keeps track of where the trains are, and it allows the train dispatcher to make meets with other trains going in the opposite direction or to talk with other trains going slower , and it put the inferior train on the siding. It is controlled with these levers, these upper and lower, at each end of the siding. Each row of signals, there is signals in between, call intermediate that they do not control. They light up according to what these control signals are doing. It is a more efficient way to meet fast trains before they used the telegraph office where there used to be in office like that in each one of these towns along the way. And they would get train orders, a written train order, to tell them where to meet or to pass and gave them options. And here, the dispatcher just makes a decision by a line the switches and signals on the trains would receive the signal upon indication. Allen bone santa fe moved out in the early 1990s, and then they constructed the intermodal. Most of the major Diesel Repair is in barstow, and the switching is done in barstow. This was the switching and Diesel Repair facility for santa fe at that time. Well, it was a major impact on the community. A loss of jobs. The, in the peripheral businesses that supplied the santa fe. Announcer our cities tour staff recently traveled to San Bernardino, california to learn about its rich history. Learn more about San Bernardino tour atr stops on the cspan. Org citiestour. You are watching American History tv on cspan3. Is a richorg complement to the cspan viewing. Most of the government related programs like the house, senate, and congressional hearings stream live on the site. So if you are away from your television, you can watch on your desktop, laptop, even smartphone or tablet. Cspan archives all of its programs online in the video library. If you miss an episode of tv,ington journal, book or others, you can watch it online. Overspan library contains 2000 hours of cspan programs. The Search Engine helps you find programs going back many years to watch on your television. We publish the onair schedule for all the free apps and the radio station. Just click on the schedule. Cspan is a free service by the cable or satellite provider. So check it out. It is on the web at cspan. Org. On lectures in history, university of georgia professor steven barry teaches a class about corners in the 19th century out. Here is a preview. Announcer you have to imagine them as so often happens they are in a basement, morbid, dank little place. Doing their work, and yet, what is washing across their examining tables day after day, week after week, year after year, the rest of us may see a death or two. They see hundreds. Shifts see patterns for in how people or shifts in how people are going out of the world. So they are the ones that sound the alarm. I will give you a few examples. It is really the corners at the turn of the 20th century were calling attention to all of the industrial accidents that we see as industrialization proceeds in the major cities. 1907,pittsburgh in corners leave the charge against steel. The corporation does not want to advertise this fact. ,t is the corners corners and they are leading the charge for improvement in industrial safety. The same thing is true, you may be familiar with the 1911 horrific fire at the triangle shirtwaist factory where 137 young women died. People of flames and parish from leading leaping out of the building as it was on fire. Nobody tells that story from the perspective of the corridors coronerse who have seen the death. I have seen it time and time again before this factory factor. They were finally fed up, and so in 1911, they are the ones that leave the charge for more industrial safety around the areas of factory fires. Watch the entire lecture tonight at 8 00 p. M. And midnight eastern on cspan3s American History tv. Congratulations to the class of 2016. Today is your day of celebration, and you have earned it. The voices crying for peace and light because your choices will make all the difference to you, and to all of us. Dont be afraid to take on cases for a new job, or a new issue that really stretches your boundaries. Respect your summer of broad and not internships, and the sector of living in your parents basement after day is not likely to be our greatest concern throughout this month, watch commencement speeches to the class of 2016 in their entirety from colleges and universities around the country by business leaders, politicians, and white house officials. On cspan. Each week, american artifacts takes viewers into archives, museums, and Historic Sites around the country. Next, we visit the National Museum of health and medicine outside washington, d. C. To look at items in the civil war collection. Please note some viewers may find images in this program disturbing. Welcome to the National Museum of health and medicine