Who always chairs the appropriating committee nd from the library, and i think thats particularly helpful you could be here with us for this today as well. Also a member of this committee. So shes here as a member of the committee but also on these topics, particularly valuable in her role as appropriating. Weve been having with the library, with the smithsonian, with the architect of the capitol, these kinds of oversight hearings to fulfill that responsibility and be sure were giving the agencies the help they need. Were glad to be here, of course, with the librarian, dr. Carla heyden, and karen temple, registry of copyrights. I think we want to talk primarily about modernization. We had a chance with dr. Hayden at the last meeting to talk about the Physical Plant ideas of how to make the library even more of an experience for people who visit there. I think we want to talk about today more of how the modernization of the i. T. Elements at the library are coming together and how all services are being benefitted by that. The library, of course, performs a lot of functions for us historically. One of those functions has been the Copyright Office. I think initially that was to be sure that the library would be a clear recipient of that great treasure of the copyrighted documents that would become part of the librarys collection. But the Copyright Office has always been part of the library. Today were taking a different a deeper look again into the Copyright Office, and were glad the register is here with us, but also i. T. And modernization generally. I think were going to focus mostly on the Copyright Office and i. T. , but we want to any discussions you want to have about challenges youre having or successes youre having as you move in the direction of more up to date i. T. And more up to date protection. Cyberthreats are real, and i think theyre particularly real in some of the information that you are dealing with. Dr. Hayden and i got to know each other well in 2016 when we were able to Work Together and be sure that she became the first librarian in a long time to be the librarian of congress, and weve been pleased to be able to Work Together since then. Prior to the arrival of really all three of you in these current jobs, the gao was very critical of the library, the copyrights office, Information Technology. The Government Accounting Office identified a lack of storage of strategic planning, information and technology investment, investment management, and weaknesses in Information Security and privacy. They recommended that the library hire a permanent chief Information Officer, which it did. And that chief Information Officer would professionalize and centralize the Information Technology needs at the library, which hopefully were going to find out today youre doing. As librarian, dr. Hayden, youre ultimately responsible for the management and success of the library as a whole, which includes the Copyright Office, but of course we look to the register, the Copyright Office to be responsible for what happens there every day and have the kind of working relationship with the two of you that are essential to make that happen. Mr. Barton, glad youre here, look forward to hearing about how youre taking this job and making it work. And miss temple, we talked some last year in this committee. We had a proposal even to make your selection slightly different and maybe outside the normal Selection Process that had traditionally been with the library of congress. That did not pass, and so the Congress View was that this situation would continue to stay as it was. I think the staff of the rules committee has spent a lot of time with all three of you over recent months trying to be sure this is working the way it needs to work. Its hard to talk about trade policy or lots of other policy without talking about the importance of protecting information and copyrights and other patents and other things. So this is a very real topic. We had our last review in march, as i mentioned before, of the library and what the library was doing in other areas. Glad the three of you are here today to talk about this. And im particularly pleased that senator udall could carve out the time to be here as part of this as well. Senator udall, i turn to you for any Opening Statements you might have. Thank you so much, chairman blunt. Youre a good friend, and were worked on a lot of issues together. Thank you so much for holding this hearing. The library of congress is an important institution, and im pleased to see the committee taking an active role to make sure its healthy and strong. And i want to thank all the witnesses that are here today, dr. Hayden, ms. Temple, and mr. Barton. I also have worked with dr. Hayden a lot over the the course of her tenure over there and have really enjoyed developing a deeper relationship. First, i want to say the library is an american treasure of immeasurable value. It its 170 million items include the Worlds Largest collection of legal materials, films, and sound recordings. Its landmark buildings see 2 million visitors every year. And there were 114 million visits to its websites last year. The Copyright Office is critical to music, film, and Publishing Industry worth over 1 trillion every year. Copyrights are especially important in my home state of new mexico where artists and the Creative Economy are significant in growing our states business activity. In addition to its public value, the library is fundamentally essential to our work here in the legislative branch. You know some people may think members of congress are illinformed, but imagine what this place would be like without the assets like the Congressional Research service. And online resources like congress. Gov help keep us informed and up to date with nonpartisan factual information. Like so many americans, we rely day in and day out on the information provided by the library of congress to make important decisions. So while this hearing may not be carried live on cable news, its this committees job to make sure the library is well run, up to date, and prepared for the future. Future generations will thank us. Dr. Hayden, i know you and your team have been working diligently to modernize and grow the i. T. Infrastructure of the library on congress and the Copyright Office. Digital technology is crucial to the librarys evolving operations. Im encouraged at the pace with which the recommendations have been implemented. Ive worked on federal i. T. Reform on a bipartisan basis for many years, and i know its not easy. Big i. T. Projects are tough enough in corporate enterprises, but federal agencies face a much different budget process and unique organizational issues. Federal chief Information Officers have learned a lot of lessons and developed best practices in recent years. I lurch the library and Copyright Office to seek out those best practices and Work Together for success. I look forward to hearing about the progress to improve the librarys infrastructure and operations, progress in improving accessibility of the librarys unique collections and historical artifacts like Thomas Jeffersons draft of the declaration of independence, and the contents of Abraham Lincolns pockets the night he was assassinated. Tangible pieces of some of the most significant moments in our nations shared history can be both preserved and made accessible. Along those lines, i want to highlight one of the librarys ongoing initiatives, the veterans history project chartered by congress in 2000. This ongoing effort collects and makes accessible personal accounts of american war veterans so that future generations can hear directly from veterans to better understand the realities of war. With veterans day approaching, i will be interested to hear an update on that project. Helping native american tribes protect their historical and Cultural Resources is also a high priority for me. Dr. Hayden, weve spoken about this before, and i know its a priority for you. I hope we can keep working together on tribal engagement under the music modernization act as well as the librarys language and other resources for tribes. I look forward to our panels discussion today, and i would yield back to the chairman. Thank you, senator udall. So dr. Hayden, your full testimony will be in the record. You can deal with it however you want. Im also going to ask my remarks and senator udalls and any comments, introductory comments any member of the panel would like to make would go into the record without objection. So dr. Hayden, were glad youre here. Were going to let you testify on behalf of everybody, and then everybody will get their share of questions, im sure of that. Dr. Hayden. Thank you, mr. Chairman, senator udall. I welcome the opportunity to be here today to give you an update on the librarys modernization and especially the Information Technology and work with the Copyright Office. I want to thank the committee for its ongoing support of the library in general and with the librarys i. T. Modernization. Three years ago in this very room during my confirmation hearing, we discussed the many challenges and opportunities presented by the librarys technology, and i am excited to be able to tell you today that we have significantly improved the librarys Information Technology. The library is a Different Organization from what it was just a short time ago, and over the last few years, we have stabilized our core i. T. Structure. We have streamlined and strengthened our i. T. Governance, and we have centralized and professionalized our i. T. Work force. And that hard work has allowed us to close and implement nearly 95 of the gao recommendations made in 2015, and we will keep working until we close 100 by the end of this year. Modernizing the Copyright Office is a top agency priority. And were making progress in upgrading the systems to register and maintain to up date records for created work so that the systems are automated, integrated, and easier for the public to use. And thanks to the generous support of congress, the library is now one year into a fiveyear effort to design and implement a new enterprisewide copyright system. To keep progress moving forward, the Copyright Office has now hired a senior technical adviser in place to help manage and plan i. T. Modernization and also to enhance the collaboration between the Copyright Office and the agencys technology staff. And in fiscal year 2019, the Copyright Office and the office of the cheep Information Officer jointly engaged in User Experience to stakeholders and launched develop efforts for key components of the new system. This fiscal year, the library will release a limited pilot of the first fully digital copyright recordation system. We will also complete a prototype of a searchable Records Management system and begin the initial development for the next generation online registration system. I want you to know that i believe in my team leading this effort. Register karen temple, chief Information Officer bud barton, and i believe that together we will deliver a modernized copyright system. We are also completely overhauling the technology that powers every part of the library. The chief Information Officer, mr. Barton, is working with the Congressional Research service, crs, to implement a new research and information system. And it will make use of the latest technologies. The National Library for the blind and print disabled is completely rethinking how it delivers content to people with reading difficulties. The law library has completely digitized the u. S. Statutes at large, and in collaboration with the Government Printing office, we have digitized the congressional serial set dating back to 1817. So by embracing user focused design and agile development, weve rolled out new products to millions of online users and made enhancements to many of our services. And lastly, our Digital Strategy agency wide is leveraging technology to find innovative ways to reach more people. So with these efforts, were moving ahead with a challenging but achievable task of transforming the library into a more digitally enabled agency, and theres still a lot of work to be done, but weve made great progress. So i thank you again for inviting me to update the committee with my colleagues, and we welcome your questions. Great. Were glad youre here. We clearly are going to have plenty of time for us to ask multiple questions. I think well try to stay at about fiveminute segments and go back and forth. Senator hydesmith is coming back in a moment ago obviously will be here for questions as well. Ms. Barton, would you share your progress . You started right, when, 2016, or was it 15 . September of 2015, sir. 2015, and that was in response to the idea that somebody needed to come in and be the chief Information Officer. Kind of just in a couple minutes, sort of give me a sense of how far youve come from the day you walked in and particularly how far youve come since the librarian took her job in 2016. Thank you for the question, sir. Its a great opportunity for me to be able to reenforce the talent we have at the library regarding i. T. And the professionalism displayed by the staff. As the gao audit found, there was a lack of oversight. So they suggested that the library hire a chief Information Officer. Whenever i first came in, it was apparent to me that it wasnt a lack of talent or lack of capability. It was really a lack of vision. The library has been working in a siloed fashion. As im sure well discuss a little bit more throughout the hearing, centralization was something that would help us. In other words, making decisions about i. T. At the agency level regarding Strategic Direction and making sure those decisions at the Strategic Direction didnt interfere with the individual service or Business Units needs to have specialized i. T. To perform their business mission. Whenever i first arrived, i testified my goal was to see the findings of the gao audit were addressed in a way that didnt just check a box. I wasnt here to just make sure we closed the audit findings. Was hire to make sure the root cause of those findings was addressed in such a way that we were not put back into the same situation in a matter of years. And thanks to the support of congress from a budgetary perspective, we have been able to address 95 of those findings. I expect we will close all of those findings by the end of this calendar year. We have submitted the evidence that is necessary to the gao and are expecting back and forth conversations with them throughout the rest of this year on getting those closed. The progress we have made is significant, and it covers every domain of i. T. From the discussions ive had with the gao, the team that was here. It was the first time theyve actually made that broad of a recommendation. The number of recommendations were significant, over 100 recommendations. And in every domain of i. T. From security to finance, to operations, every domain that exists. The biggest progress we have made is in security. Im very proud to say that at this point, all of the major systems within the library have now obtained what we call an authority to operate, which means the security of those systems have been validated, tested, and compared to nst standards, whos the body that we look to for establishing security standards. On that topic, let me go to ms. Temple before i run out of time here with my first questions. On the security topic, intellectual property, clearly one of the things that for good reason were most concerned about, one of the big targets of Cyber Espionage and other things. Do you feel good about where were headed in terms of the security of the information entrusted to the federal government through you and your job . Yes, thank you for the question. Security is one of the most important aspects of our development of an i. T. System. Im very pleased that the library has taken such a huge role in ensuring that the items we receive in the library are protected. Digital security, as we move to Digital Technology, we receive a host of different types of works from feature films to important books to works that have not even been released to the public yet. So security of our system is a critical aspect of its development. So thats one of the things that we are focusing on as we develop with the library. And youve worked in the office for some time, havent you . Yes, i have. And whats the difference in the security either concerns or your sense of security now compared to five years ago or whatever number you want to give me . Yes, i would say that the main difference is the focus that weve been placing on security, acknowledging and recognizing how critical it is to the management of our i. T. System and really making sure that at every level, security is considered as we begin developing the new system. So i think the focus and prioritization of security is one of the main differences from when we were years ago. And i would point out before we go to senator udall that while id said youd worked there for some time, youve had this job as the permanently designated person for a relatively short time. So if were back into 2014 or 2015, somebody else was the register of copyrights at that time. Senator udall. Thank you, mr. Chairman. Dr. Hayden, as part of the ongoing i. T. Management and modernization plan, im aware that the library has implemented a new Digital Strategy by transitioning to a new tier three level data center. This investment is key to helping the library Deploy Technology to expedite and expand Digital Access to the vast collection of books and media. Last time you testified before this committee, you stated that the library was in the process of migrating applications to the new data facility. Your testimony today provides an update that you are moving forward to fully transition operations by the end of the fiscal year 2020 to support the librarys digital needs. Could you expand upon your testimony and discuss the progress of this move, including progress on migrating data to Cloud Services. As we mentioned before, were looking at making sure that we have a variety of storage capacities, and that includes the cloud and also physical Storage Capacity as well because of the nature of the materials that we are storing. Some need to be on site. Mr. Barton knows that ive been very concerned in making sure that we are able to make that migration secure and also very effective without losing any data. So if you wouldnt mind, mr. Barton can you give the precise that would be great. Mr. Barton . Thank you, sir. The move out of the Madison Building of all of our, what we term the production, the actual usable content, is supposed to be complete by the end of this fiscal year. A lot of that content, especially the ones that are sensitive that need to have security controls around it, will be maintained in this new data center that we have fitted out. That will be complete by the end of the fiscal year. We will also be migrating our nonsensitive public releasable, the things the general public reviews, into the cloud in a lot of respects so that its a faster and less physical from an equipment perspective, a thing we have to worry about funding. Ms. Temple, can you update the committee on the progress of shifting Copyright Office data to this facility as well as to Cloud Services, including the benefits you expect to see and the current challenges you face . Yes, i will defer a little bit to bud in terms of the exact schedule, but i know that we are on track in terms of beginning to migrate our data over to the data center, some of our data. Some other data will be housed in a Cloud Service as we are developing the new system as well. And so we are working closely in terms of the schedule and timeline for that process. Dr. Hayden, i understand that expanding access to make the librarys unique collections available to all users is a central part of the librarys strategic plan. The veterans history project of the American Folk Life Center is one collection of particular interest to me and with veterans day just four days away, im sure its of interest to my colleagues. My Office Discovered that mexico had a low number of stories in the archives, especially considering the High Percentage of active duty veterans in our state. To change this, i set a goal for my staff to collect at least 50 stories from new mexico veterans, including at least one from every of our 33 counties. Since july 1st, 2019, im proud to say that my office has collected over 80 interviews. I conducted a number of interviews myself. I can tell you, it was a really eyeopening experience. Im especially focused on enlisting the help of other Community Partners around my state to continue collecting interviews and other materials from hispanic veterans, apache tribes and the navajo nation. Can you update us on how this fits into the vision of the library . Im very pleased you asked that question because i just returned from rhode island with senator reed and before that in wyoming, collecting interviews and adding to the over 100,000 oral testimonies of veterans, and the inclusion of the gold star families has been very important. Were making sure we work with congressional offices, and we want to thank you for conducting the interviews. You are so correct about the fact it can get emotional, and there are a lot of veterans who feel they dont have a story to tell, but we try to make sure they know. And people who have lost their loved ones can also contribute to the veterans history project and talk about that. So over 100,000 already, and were working to make sure that we reach out to the native communities. So we have added many oral histories and have a special focus in working with the National Museum of the American Indian on that project as well. Its very successful. It is something that we hope people will realize is so important in terms of stories to be told. So with our new orientation center, well have a special section for veterans history project, and people that visit, those 2 million visitors will always know they can record their stories. Hopefully very soon on their digital devices, they can do some of it now. Great, thank you. And just to let all members know, you do a really good job, i think, training us to do this. So thank you very much. We hope maybe youll visit new mexico to take our recorded interviews back when we get ready to do that. Thank you so much. Let me mention again, i think well have time for at least a second round of questions. For your first questions, senator hydesmith. Thank you, mr. Chairman, and thank you for being here today. I look forward to learning more about the modernization of the library of congress and the Copyright Office because i know it is certainly vital to the growth and vision of expanding access to our nations wonderful collections. Your credibility, i think, is outstanding, and its just one of my Favorite Places here in washington, d. C. , and i thank you for all your efforts. My question, dr. Hayden, the effort to centralize i. T. Across the library has included transferring both people and resources from your individual service units, including the Copyright Office to the office of the chief Information Officer to execute technology activities. This can be for who wants to answer it. Can you explain how ocio tracks and utilizes the funds appropriated for copyright modernization on behalf of the Copyright Office . Id like to start, and thank you for the question about the benefits of centralizing i. T. Efforts and projects in the library in general. That was one of the major challenges and major focuses of the i. T. Modernization effort to not have silos. Mr. Barton referred to that. With centralization, we can track fiscal expenditures and resources. We can track equipment. We can professionalize personnel as well. So that and also additional security. When you have a number of units dealing with security, thats difficult. So i. T. Centralization has allowed us to track all of our expenditures and keep a better view of enterprisewise what i. T. Is. But im very pleased to be able to report centralization has been helpful in so many ways. Thank you for the question. We have two prongs i would like to address on that. One is overall from an i. T. Funding management perspective, we are in the middle of implementing something that is called the Technology Business model. This is something that the executive branch has been working on for several years, industry has been working on for several years, and while we may not be as far along as some of the agencies that started this ahead of us, we have made great strides, and we expect by the end of this fiscal year, we will have our tool in place that gets down to a level of fidelity on where were spending i. T. Funding that we can make much more informed decisions about what is working and what isnt working. With regards to the Copyright Office, we have a regularly scheduled every other week meeting with the chief Financial Officer of the library, chief Financial Officer of the Copyright Office, and my i. T. Funding manager. We go over in detail what is the funding being used for the copyright modernization effort, where it is being used and spent, contracts, personnel, and all of the resources that are involved in the i. T. Modernization for the Copyright Office. Thank you very much. Senator cortez. Thank you. Welcome. Its great to see all of you. Im a big fan of the library of congress and what you all do and your staff. Please know that. Im just sitting here talking to my wonderful colleague from new mexico about the veterans history project. Count me in. If my staff are listening, we will be participating you in the great state of nevada. We have some incredible veterans who i have met and have heard their stories. Believe it or not, theres 140,000 population of filipinos. Many of those veterans. I would love to capture their stories if theyre not captured. So we will be following up with you. Let me follow up on the enterprise copyright system that seems to be the topic this morning. I know as part of the goals for this updated system, its to improve Public Record searches and simplify the process for registering copyrights. I think you mentioned, dr. Hayden, that you expect portions of the program will be piloted in the spring of 2020. Is that right . Yes. Okay. So how do you i guess the only question i have is how do you measure the success of the pilot programs . I have my colleagues here, but we have a copyright modernization office. We also have regular tracking of progress, and we are about to have a Critical Path opportunity that we can overlay everything that is happening with copyright modernization. But ill direct to ms. Temple. Thank you. Also include whether the public will be able to provide feedback as well. Yes, and just to piggyback on your last statement, we think its critical to have the public provide input and feedback as we develop our system. So recordation system, which will be piloted in spring of 2020, were going from a completely paper based system to a digital system for the first time. So thats something very exciting for us. We have established a group of companies and individuals who will participate in the pilot, but as we continue to, you know, its rate on the pilot and add functionality, we will be adding in additional individuals to participate. And during that process, well be getting feedback from them as to how the system works. Is it as easy as we thought it would be . Are there changes that we need to make . I think that is one of the benefits of the agile methodology in terms of the System Development that we will be able to quickly take that feedback and add on to the existing system and change it as the users provide feedback. Okay. Thank you. Thank you. I appreciate that. Mr. Barton, you mentioned before that one of the librarys Biggest Challenges is storage. I know when i was over there visiting with some of your staff, we talked a little bit about that. Can you talk about the work the library is doing to address the current storage problem . We are taking several prongs of approach to the storage issue. One, we are as dr. Hayden mentioned in her opening remarks, stabilization was the first phase. Second phase of the i. T. Modernization was what we called optimization. Then modernization. They werent necessarily sequential. Were doing a lot of those activities in parallel. The optimization part of storage, its making sure that where we need storage, were using the right type of storage. So for example, if were presenting information to the public, we want that information to be appear on their computer screens instantly. Thats going to have a different type of storage than preservation storage, where we want to make sure something is here for posterity, in a hundred years its still available. Its not necessarily something that needs to be retrieved rapidly in a matter of m milliseconds. So thats one of the avenues were approaching. Its making sure were using the right type of storage for the type thats needed. The other part is looking at our options from the priorities of ownership. Cloudbased storage we would consider something thats less expensive for us to maintain because were not in the position of having to replace the hardware. So making sure that were taking advantage of all of the options from a storagebased perspective is of high priority for us, to make sure its being done correctly and efficiently. Thank you. And thank you, all, for the testimony today. Appreciate you being here and all the good work that you do. Thank you, mr. Chair. So mr. Barton, earlier when you mentioned moving from the Madison Building to the new storage facility, how much would be physically stored and how much is being digitized, moved to the cloud, however youre doing that differently than was the case a few years ago . Thats a great question, sir. We are attempting to get all of our analog written materials digitized in a way that theyre accessible by the citizens of the United States and worldwide. Right now, i would have to get back with you on the exact number of what is digitized and what isnt. Its a constantly growing requirement. When i first arrived, we were dealing with we counted our content as 160 million items. As we testified today, it was 170 million. So 10 million items in less than four years on an analog basis. Thats something thats going to be a challenge for us, and were implementing a process where we look at what is the best way to make this happen. I know the Copyright Office has a really good story on storage that i dont feel qualified. Well, ms. Temple, lets hear that story. I think what mr. Barton is alluding to is to our effort to digitize Public Records. One of the things we were really excited to be able to release to the public last year, or earlier this year since were still in 2019, was in march of 2019 we did our final release of our virtual card catalog. On that, we were able to give access for the first time to over 41 million images that were previously physical images where you had to come into the Copyright Office to be able to get access to those documents. Those were completely digitized and put into a digital database for people to be able to access from wherever they wanted to. So that is something that we are really pleased about. We are continuing to digitize the remainder of our Copyright Office records, and thats one of the work streams that we do have for modernization this year. We are going to hopefully be able to pilot a Public Records system, a limited pilot of a Public Records system where well be able to add in the virtual card catalog records that are already digitized as well as the records that we are digitizing now and then work on how we might be able to make all of those records in some way available to the public. And on that digitization project, do you do that outside contractors . Yes, yes. We have contracted we have been working actually with fed link, who has been assisting us on that and with outside contractors to digitize the additional records beyond the card catalog. We have about 26,000 record books that we are hoping to digitize and make the information from those record books, the data like copyright registration number, author, title, available in a database so this people who want to come to our office digitally or online will be able to very easily search the copyright status of individual copyrighted works. And i know like in the didnt department of agriculture, i used to be the Top Republican on that appropriating committee, they have a number of cios, but any big project has to be cleared by the central usda cio. Do you, on an outside contract with information, would that go through a clearance process at the library as well . Yes. I can answer that. Also, fed link that ms. Temple referred to, is managed by the library. We manage that for contracting and services for other federal agencies and libraries. So anything that is to thats part of the centralization of the standards and the operation of any i. T. Has a review. And ms. Temple, as one of the Agency Leaders in the library, does that process work quickly enough in your view . Certainly gives you a safeguard you wouldnt have otherwise. Yes. I mean, obviously all people within the government would love things to be able to work even more quickly than they do. But yes, i think we have an efficient process where what we do is work with both ocio, if its an i. T. Related project, to develop the contract and send that through the centralized Contract Office within the library. So for the digitization side, which is actually more of a business side project, that also does the resulting contract will go through the Contracting Office within the library. Well work with them, whether its through fed link or through an outside vendor to develop that contract and get that solicitation out and approved. Then work with the Contracting Officer, which will be in the librarys Contracting Office to make sure that contract is operating smoothly. I think initially the reason the Copyright Office in the library was as much as anything else to ensure the collection. So one question i would have with all of this material out there, are you still do you still have the kind of relationship, dr. Hayden, you need for best addition, for deposit requirements so that youre getting for your deposit what you think is what the library really needs to have in that in apparently digitized form as well as the other forms . The deposit requirement has allowed the library of congress to have one of the most comprehensive collections in the world, and its now the largest collection in the world. And it is such a benefit to be able to have an opportunity to select from the deposit environments. So were very please. I just want to also take an opportunity to commend the virtual card catalog project, even though its records. Just to think of 41 million cards in catalog drawers, that was a major undertaking. So visualize a card catalog set with 41 million cards. And how often is the old card catalog cabinet used now . People still actually do come to the office to use it, but we are actually looking to now that people are aware of the fact that they can access those card catalogs online, were going to take advantage, potentially, of the space and save some space and probably decommission the physical card catalog and actually direct more people to go online as its becoming more enhanced. People have quite a bit of affection for card catalogs. We even have published a book about card catalogs with a different ending. Senator udall. Thank you very much, mr. Chairman. When you last testified in march, dr. Hayden, you and i discussed tribal concerns with the proposed rule for music modernization act that deals with the pre1972 recordings. Since then, the copy right office has issued its final rule. The rule did not include a Public Domain exemption for pre1972 Tribal Cultural recordings because according to the Copyright Office, it would exceed the offices regulatory authority. This question is for, i think, both you and ms. Temple. Are you working with tribes to continue addressing this issue, and if so, what are you doing and what can congress do to assist your office with those efforts . We have several initiatives with making sure that we preserve and make available the Cultural Heritage of native cultures, and we have the federal cylinder project. Thats where we are preserving actual very fragile Historic Records dating back to the late 19th century. Then the ancestral voices digital collection in our Folk Life Center is making sure that we provide access to the recorded sounds digitally, and songs. So were very active with making sure were capturing and using technology to a great extent for that. Great. And ms. Temple, will you give me your commitment that the Copyright Office will work with me and my Indian Affairs subcommittee staff on this issue as vice chairman of the subcommittee, respecting tribal sovereignty is a priority more me. Would you give me your commitment . Yes, of course. During the process for the music modernization act, implementation of the regulations, we did seek outside comments about issues, including issues with respect to tribal musical recordings. We have some specific provisions in our regulations that do address tribal musical works and are committed to working with you and the various tribes on ways that we can continue that partnership in the future. And one of the issues that theyre raising, which i think is a critical issue, i think you know about this, but i think its important for everybody to know it. In the first half of the 20th century, anthropologists and sociologists took a substantial number of tribal ceremony and number of tribel recordings without the consent of the striebz and many museums and universities now hold these without tribal knowledge. The mma would require these institutions to make these recordings public resulting in potential release of culturally sensitive information. Thats the issue were trying to focus in on and want to work very closely with you on that. Thank you, mr. Chairman. Thank you, senator udall. Miss barton, i think the librarian mentioned 95 of the 2015 gao recommendations have been fulfilled. Where are the Business Units that the 5 are largely con gregated in . The 5 of the remaining comes out to be six recommendations. Two of them are nonpublic so they resolve around security and that would be a library wide concern, not just a specific service unit. We have the i. T. Funding. Theres a recommendation on financing. And that is an ocio responsibility. So that applies directly to the ocio. The lets be sure, if youre the three of us or anybody watching in, we understand exactly what that means. So how would that be followed up then if it relates to the ocio . Are they not giving you the are you not getting the information you need or the funding you need or whats what do you mean, thats up to somebody else . We are getting the funding that we need to close out these particular findings. Right. We are in constant communication with the gao in providing evidence in closing out the remaining six findings. I do not have any concerns about being able to meet that by the end of this fiscal year. So im confident that well be closing. Let me let you finish the answer. What are the other beyond that you have some specific units where there are more challenges than others finishing up . Im sorry. W yes, we dont have any remaining challenges to close out. As part of the gao, there were two findings that related to the Copyright Office. Both have been closed as implemented. Were happy to be able to report that. All of the remaining six are strictly within the purview of the ocio and those willp closed. On that topic is there anything that youre trying to get done in this calendar year thats a concern for you . No. We as mr. Barton alluded to, we were very pleased that we were able to close out those last remaining two gao recommendations. We worked closely with the ocio to do that and were prepared to move forward aggressively on those. The timeline that the two Financial Officers and the cio and you folks that work with them are working on, is one that you think is reasonable . Yes. Obviously we do understand that our users and stakeholders would love to have a new system yesterday. We do take that very seriously but we are working very aggressively as was alluded to, fy19 was the first year we got funding for the system. We had that one year conclude. Fy20 well have three separate work streams working on Public Records development and two others all at the same time. We think this is going to be something that the public will be able to see the progress more con currently now that were in the second year of our funding phase. Okay. Snoot cap t senator cappa toe. Thank you, sfloort hayden and thank you for your good work. I think youre doing a good job. Just in the brief time ive been in here. But i wanted to talk about when i was chair of the appropriations subcommittee of legislative branch for two years, i went back and looked at some of the legislative language that we had in our report. Our report in fy 2016 recounted gaos finding that a lack of leadership and oversight the at labry resulted in dump li kative things. In 2017 on our report noted that the igs finding that the labry failed to have quote, an Organization Wide independent strategy for digital collection activities and the goal of addressing a strategy was not included in its plan or Information Technology tragic plan. Indeed at that time, the library was seeking funding for a digital collection management even though there was no study. Bringing these up not to rehash but to highlight how much progress has been made, dr. Hayden you have implemented 95 and mr. Barton talked about the remaining 5 of the tasks. So as we talk about this, dr. Hayden, could you kind of flesh out a little bit how this is impacting the public, how the public is benefiting now and will in the future from having access to the Digital Access to the librarys collections . How is this i mpacting american in general . In general, what americans and people worldwide will be able to do is have more access to the librarys collections digitally. They will be able to download photographs that are copyright free, and they will be able to have visual exhibits on their mobile devices. They will be able to record their veterans history projects and send them to the library. They will be able to also use congre congress. Gov and get Information Available to all citizens. The variety of opportunities that Information Technology provides in terms of opening up the treasury chest of the library of congress are just amazing, when you think about seeing rosa parks, the exhibit thats going to open in december, her handwritten notes and seeing Thomas Jeffersons draft of the declaration of independence. And we have invited the public to help us transcribe letters to abe rau ham lincoln via the people project. So they can be part of helping history come alive. I was going ask you about the by the people project. By the people, its been wonderful. We launched it with the anniversary of the getsiesberg address. And we had High Schoolers come in. We found that theyre the aspect of reading Cursive Writing gave us opportunities for intergenerational programs where you have more mature people reading the cursive and the young people doing the computers. We were able to have 27,000 letters to Abraham Lincoln that had not been reviewed in decades. Or seen by people except for were they put into a past president . They were written to Abraham Lincoln. And the hook for young people was the fact that they were making something by transcribing, they were taking something that hadnt been read since 1864 available for everyone to see. And so of those 27,000 all were transcribed. Without the Digital Access a project like that it couldnt have happened. So the fact that we were able to and congress has supported the i. T. Modernization at the library, has had so many benefits in terms of making the library more useful, inspirational for so many people, and then with the copyright modernizations, you will have people who can search Historic Records. They can file, register online. People are buying cars on their online. And now theyll be able to register quickly, search records, do Different Things with the entire copyright system. It will be an intgraytive system. Technology, we support the support congress has given us for that. Thank you. Senator udall. I just have first of all just thank you all very much. Just one final statement. Senator klobuchar, i know whos the ranking on this committee, is very interested in all of these issues. I know shes been working with you. I believe shes working on a piece of legislation called the case act, which would help to reduce the cost and barriers to making a small copyright claim less expensive, and you all are aware of that. But she and her staff are going to be working with you and im sure shes going to be putting in questions for the robert. Thank you very much, mr. Chairman. Thank you, senator. Lets talk about the case act a little bit. I had i was in missouri over the weekend and had a forevphotogra at an event say i hope youre looking at the case act because i cant afford to defend my work anywhere else. Obviously, you know, we want to create that kind of opportunity, but can what are the challenges to that kind of opportunity in addition including the kind of additional staff you might have to have or the other challenges you would see . I think senator kennedy is also one of the members of the senate along with senator klobuchar, thats interested in the case act. Why dont you tell me how you think that would impact what you do and if its a responsibility that you could handle and if you couldnt handle it, what would it take in addition to what you have now to be able to handle it . Yes, thank you. This is a longstanding issue that the Copyright Office has analyzed and reviewed. We actually did a full study of a proposed small claims tribunal back in 2013 and issued a report to congress recommending that congress adopt legislation that would create a small claims trib oounl within the copy right office. We feel confident if it were passed, that is something we would be able to readily implement. We have our previous experience with the music modernization act which was historic that really did require the Copyright Office to work closely with the cio to develop a number of Online Filing systems as well as databases and a series of regulations all within a statutory deadline of six months and we were able to quickly with the help of ocio as well as our stellar team, we had the Copyright Office to get all of that done ahead of time. We were able to post a new website within overnight at the time that the mma was actually enacted. So given our history and experience with that recent legislation, we are confident we would be able to meet whatever Resource Requirements would be needed to implement the case act if it was passed. Would you say that likely to be largely a cioassisted kind of operation, where someone contacts you without coming to the office . They explain what their problem is without having to have an attorney or a visit or anything else . And how would that work and how many more people do you think youd need to have to manage that . For implementation of the regulations we dont anticipate we wouldnessly need to have any additional staff. We were able to do the regulationside of the mma without additional legal staff. The case act is one of the main points of that provision is to streamline the process. So take advantage of Digital Technology for example, video conferencing, so that people would not need to come into the office if necessary for motions and hearings. So we would work with ocio on that to develop any necessary digital resources that would be needed to be able to have that access for the case act. The provision of the bill does require that we have three potential judges for the case act for the small claims tribunal as well as up to two additional attorneys. We would just worng with congress to make sure we have the resources to hire that staff. But we feel that that should be a relatively easy resource because there are many attorneys im sure who would be willing to participate in that tribunal process if that was something that was enacted into legislation. And physically you have space for those people . Yes. We kurnltdly have put them where the card catalog used to be . We kind of have already identified potential areas for that. But we already have a copyright Loyalty Board that hears issues related to our administration of the statutory licenses under the copyright act. There is a hearing room. We did would, with the cbo to score the case act and to determine, you know, how much it would cost if we actually got an additional hearing room or did not. And we could do either one. It would depend on whether congress would like us to have an additional hearing room beyond the one we already have for the copyright Loyalty Board. I think you mentioned that you had designated or brought into an i. T. Adviser to work directly with the cio. Why do you do that and what do you think the benefit of that will be . One of the main reasons we did that was to strengthen our communecation and collaboration with ocio. I think lawyers and the business side sometimes speak a slightly different language than the technologists. We wanted to make sure as we are working on a number of different work streams for fy 20 we had strengthened communication scanned collaboration to effectively communicate with one another, make sure that the Business Needs that we have from the Copyright Office are easily translated to ocio as they start doing these various development activities. We think that will be really helpful as we have all of the number of work streams that were working on. We were very pleased that ocio was willing to give us one of their top persons. So this is an individual that actually came from ocio. I think that that will really help to strengthen our communicati communication and clabration moving forward. I think internally taking advantage of all of the resources that the library has is a good thing. I believe there was an effort made from say 2014 or 15 to 17 for copyright legislation largely independent of the internal structure that didnt work, about 11 million spent and nothing was produced as a result of that. I think that is an example of when you dont have a system like you do now. That system was just being put into place. So i would also point out, you know, the structure here has grown up overtime. Intellectual property needs have grown up over time. The desire for accessibility and as youre doing now more immediate accessibility to everything in this vast collection including the copyright space, has changed. The overall structure, while has not changed. And in fact as i mentioned earlier, we last year made an effort to at least thinking that the Copyright Community had greater interest in maybe a different kind of procedure to choose is the register, but it turned out that that was not an effort that was successful between the house and senate. I dont think would be again. So that makes it critically important that we make the current structure work. And youve got between all three of you vast resources that probably are always a little short of what youd like to do but are substantial, and how you make those resources work. Id also point out this committee is the Oversight Committee for the library, the copy not the committee that will write copyright law, and thats often the case, that you have a different kind of reporting responsibility for oversight and how you manage a lot of that responsibility, we just had two of the previous chairmen of the ledge branch appropriating committee who were on this committee and from the point of view of money available and how that money is spent, have an incredible ability to not only ask the right questions but help you help us understand the answers. So the responsiveness to the committee, really important. I dont think weve had problems with that. Dr. Hayden, since you became the librarian but responding to questions from our staff and our staff spent a lot of time on particularly this modernization system wide over the last couple of years and we intend to continue to do that. But grateful to have your time. Dr. Hayden, do you have anything you want to say that we might have covered today and didnt that we need to be thinking about . Well, i just want to reiterate the gratitude that we have for the support, and we want to encourage your continued input and feedback. We want to keep the discussions going. And its very helpful for us as we move along. Thank you. Anybody else . Well, thank you all for taking the time with us today, sharing your views. The record will be open for one week for today for others on the committee to ask questions. We ask you to respond to those quickly. And the committee is adjourned. This week on cspan three, at 8 00 p. M. Eastern watch samles of our history coverage featured every weekend on American History tv. Tonight a look at past impeachment proceedings for andrew johnson, Richard Nixon and bill clinton. American history features all week at 8 00 p. M. Eastern on cspan 3. Watch the Networks Live next week as the House Intelligence Committee holds the first public impeachment hearings. The Committee Led by chairman adam schiff will hear from three state Department Officials starting wednesday on cspan 3, top lip loment william taylier and george kent will testify. And then on friday at 10 00 a. M. Eastern, former ambassador to ukraine marie yufban vetch will appear. Follow onl at cspan. Org or listen live with the radio app. At cspan. Org were making it easier for you to watch cspans coverage of the impeachment inquiry and the response. If you miss it live, go to cspan. Org impeachment for video on demand. And weve added a tally from the Associated Press showing where each democrat stands. Follow the impeachment inquiry on our web page. Its your past and easy way to watch cspans unfiltered coverage anytime. And now a discussion on Artificial Intelligence and National Security. Former and current executives from google are among panelists discussing the importance of Public Private partnerships in developing solutions to challenges. Its hosted by the National Security commission on Artificial Intelligence. Its about 40 minutes