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Brain functional connectivity in Tourette syndrome

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Philadelphia, July 7, 2021 - Tourette syndrome, a neurodevelopmental disorder, causes motor and phonic tics or uncontrollable repeated behaviors and vocalizations. People affected by Tourette syndrome can often suppress these tics for some time before the urges become overwhelming, and researchers have long wondered at the neural underpinnings of the suppression effort.
Now, in a new study using a non-invasive technique to measure brain activity called high-density electroencephalography (hdEEG), researchers at Yale School of Medicine have assessed the impact of tic suppression on functional connectivity between brain regions.
The study appears in
Tic suppression is an important feature of Tourette syndrome. Understanding how someone may temporarily gain control over their tics may inform several research areas in Tourette syndrome. Yet, brain correlates of tic suppression have not been studied extensively, especially in children, said Denis Sukhodols ....

United States , Michael Crowley , Denis Sukhodolsky , Heidi Grantz , Jia Wu , Rhiannon Bugno , Cameron Carter , Linda Mayes , James Leckman , Simon Morand Beaulieu , Camerons Carter , University Of California , Society Of Biological Psychiatry , Yale School Of Medicine , Elsevier Foundation , Yale Child Study Center , Editorial Office , Yale School , Biological Psychiatry , Cognitive Neuroscience , Associate Professor , New Haven , Diversity Advisory Board , ஒன்றுபட்டது மாநிலங்களில் , மைக்கேல் காகம் , ஜியா வு ,

Childhood disadvantage affects brain connectivity

In a new study, researchers have examined how neighborhood disadvantage and how it can affect the developing brain, including the brain s connectivity between regions. The study appears in Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, published by Elsevier. ....

United States , Vanessa Cropley , Andrew Zalensky , Divyangana Rakesh , Rhiannon Bugno , Cameron Carter , Camerons Carter , Caio Seguin , University Of California , Society Of Biological Psychiatry , Elsevier Foundation , Editorial Office , Brain Cognitive Development , Biological Psychiatry , Cognitive Neuroscience , Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development , Sarah Whittle , Diversity Advisory Board , K 12 , Social Behavioral Science , Mental Health , Perception Awareness , Stress Anxiety , ஒன்றுபட்டது மாநிலங்களில் , ரீயேநந் பக்னோ , கேமரூன் கார்ட்டர் ,

Estrogen status - not sex - protects against heightened fear recall

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Philadelphia, April 15, 2021 -A new study shows that markers of fear recall differ between men and women, but in a hormone-dependent manner.
Aberrant fear-memory processing in the brain is thought to underlie anxiety disorders, which affect hundreds of millions of people worldwide. The neurobiological mechanisms underlying these disorders remain poorly understood, but recent studies suggest that neural oscillations in the prefrontal cortex can reflect the strength of fear recall activity, providing a physiological measure.
Women suffer from anxiety disorders at twice the rate of men and indeed the literature shows that there are sex differences in fear recall behaviors, but this area of study has not been extended to neural oscillations. Additional studies suggest a modulatory role for the female sex hormone estradiol (E2) for fear recall and extinction recall. ....

United States , Philipp Bierwirth , Martin Antov , Ursula Stockhorst , Rhiannon Bugno , Cameron Carter , Camerons Carter , Matthias Sperl , University Of California , University Of Osnabr , Society Of Biological Psychiatry , Elsevier Foundation , Editorial Office , Biological Psychiatry , Cognitive Neuroscience , Diversity Advisory Board , Medicine Health , ஒன்றுபட்டது மாநிலங்களில் , ரீயேநந் பக்னோ , கேமரூன் கார்ட்டர் , கேமரன்கள் கார்ட்டர் , பல்கலைக்கழகம் ஆஃப் கலிஃபோர்னியா , சமூகம் ஆஃப் உயிரியல் மனநல மருத்துவம் , தலையங்கம் அலுவலகம் , உயிரியல் மனநல மருத்துவம் , அறிவாற்றல் நரம்பியல் ,

Childhood neglect leaves generational imprint

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Philadelphia, January 19, 2021 - Early life experiences can have an outsized effect on brain development and neurobiological health. New research is showing that those effects can be passed down to subsequent generations, reporting that the infant children of mothers who had experienced childhood emotional neglect displayed altered brain circuitry involved in fear responses and anxiety.
The study appears in
These results show that our brain development is not only shaped by what happens in our own life, but is also impacted by things that happened to our parents before we were even conceived, said lead author of the study, Cassandra Hendrix, PhD, Department of Pyschology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. ....

United States , Patricia Brennan , Brooke Mckenna , Rhiannon Bugno , Cassandra Hendrix , Cameron Carter , Danne Dunlop , Daniel Dilks , Elizabeth Corwin , Camerons Carter , University Of California , Society Of Biological Psychiatry , Emory University , Department Of Pyschology , Elsevier Foundation , Editorial Office , Biological Psychiatry , Cognitive Neuroscience , Diversity Advisory Board , Medicine Health , Mental Health , Parenting Child Care Family , ஒன்றுபட்டது மாநிலங்களில் , பாட்ரிசியா ப்ரென்னன் , ப்ரூக் மகெந , ரீயேநந் பக்னோ ,

Brain imaging predicts PTSD after brain injury

The relationship between TBI and PTSD has garnered increased attention in recent years as studies have shown considerable overlap in risk factors and symptoms, said lead author Murray Stein, MD, MPH, FRCPC, a Distinguished Professor of Psychiatry and Family Medicine & Public Health at the University of California San Diego, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. In this study, we were able to use data from TRACK-TBI, a large longitudinal study of patients who present in the Emergency Department with TBIs serious enough to warrant CT (computed tomography) scans.
The researchers followed over 400 such TBI patients, assessing them for PTSD at 3 and 6 months after their brain injury. At 3 months, 77 participants, or 18 percent, had likely PTSD; at 6 months, 70 participants or 16 percent did. All subjects underwent brain imaging after injury. ....

United States , San Diego , La Jolla , University Of California San Diego , Murrayb Stein , Ramon Diaz Arrastia , Rhiannon Bugno , Cameron Carter , Sonia Jain , Sabrina Taylor , David Okonkwo , Camerons Carter , Esther Yuh , Nancy Temkin , Christine Macdonald , Claudia Robertson , Mary Vassar , Harvey Levin , Lindsay Nelson , Joseph Giancino , Sureyya Dikmen , Michael Mccrea , Murray Stein , Pratik Mukherjee , Amy Markowtiz , Xiaoying Sun ,