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Niẓām al-Mulk, (Arabic: “Order of the Kingdom”) , original name Abū ʿAlī Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn Isḥāq al-Ṭūsī, (born c. 1018/19, Ṭūs, Khorāsān, Iran died Oct. 14, 1092, near Nehāvand), Persian vizier of the Turkish Seljuq sultans (1063–92), best remembered for his large treatise on kingship, Seyāsat-nāmeh (The Book of Government; or, Rules for Kings).
Niẓām al-Mulk was the son of a revenue official for the Ghaznavid dynasty. Through his father’s position, he was born into the literate, cultured milieu of the Persian administrative class. His early years included a religious education, and he spent significant time with jurists and scholars ....