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Frontiers | State of Shark and Ray Genomics in an Era of Extinction

Chondrichthyan species (sharks, rays, skates, and chimaeras) are a class of high ecological, economic, and cultural significance, and yet they are the most threatened taxa in the marine environment. The creation of reference chromosome-length genome assemblies allows for conservation genomics methods, such as population and ecological genomics, to be utilized. Despite being greatly threatened and of great importance in maintaining ecosystem function, chondrichthyan species have been repeatedly absent from conservation-based genome sequencing projects. Less than 1% of these species have a genome sequence, despite their almost 50% either threatened or Data Deficient conservation status. Most notably, there are seven orders within this class without any genome representation. In this review, we identify gaps in chondrichthyan genomic resources and demonstrate how the lack of genomic resources for this major taxonomic class is limiting the conservation of these already difficult to conserv ....

New York , United States , South Africa , Nordrhein Westfalen , City Of , United Kingdom , Eastern Cape , New Zealand , Indian Ocean , South African , Oxford Nanopore , Pacific Ocean , Omarion Taylor , Pacific Biosciences , Pacific Biosciences Pacbio , Van Straalen , Van Herwerden , Jock Clough Marine Foundation , Robertson Research Fellowship , Industrial Research Organisation , Indian Ocean Marine Research Centre , Sensor Technology Ico , Marine Sciences , Department Of Primary Industries , Australian Institute Of Marine Science , Academy Sci ,

Frontiers | The Vicious Cycle: Problematic Family Relations, Substance Abuse, and Crime in Adolescence: A Narrative Review


2Department of Education, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
3Department of Philology and Literature, LMU Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
4Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Rome “Sapienza,” Rome, Italy
5Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Graecia,” Catanzaro, Italy
Despite the copiousness of studies on the risky behaviors of adolescents, we cannot establish with certainty the leading aspects involved in teens’ substance abuse and criminal actions. This review aims to explore the interplay among the family system, substance abuse, and criminal behavior. An analysis of the main results of the 61 articles published between 2010 and 2020 shows that adolescents whose parents are justice-involved and often absent from home are more likely to perceive lower cohesion, support, and poor family communication. These factors can involve them in ....

New York , United States , University Of Chicago , United Kingdom , Puerto Rico , Comunidad Autonoma De Cataluna , Department Of Education , District Of Columbia , Puerto Rican , Le Istituzioni Totali , Van Raalte , Gangemi Editore , Howard Parker , Patrick Jolliffe , Al Gharaibeh , Sostanzee Disturbi , Raffaello Cortina , Armando Editore , Suoi Disturbi , Myong Hwa Lee , Haley Robbins , Scienze Storiche , Jean Russo , Ju Shin , Raffaello Cortina Editore , Psicopatologiae Trattamento ,