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How immunity from and interaction with seasonal coronaviruses can shape SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology

Cross-protection from seasonal epidemics of human coronaviruses (HCoVs) has been hypothesized to contribute to the relative sparing of children during the early phase of the pandemic. Testing this relies on understanding the prepandemic age distribution of recent HCoV infections, but little is known about their dynamics. Using England and Wales as a case study, we use a transmission model to estimate the duration of immunity to seasonal coronaviruses, and show how cross-protection could have affected the age distribution of susceptibility during the first wave, and could alter SARS-CoV-2 transmission patterns over the coming decade. ....

United Kingdom , United States , City Of , Jamesd Munday , Rosannac Barnard , Katherinee Atkins , Fabienne Krauer , Rachel Lowe , Yalda Jafari , Akira Endo , Mark Jit , Damienc Tully , Gwenanm Knight , Kiesha Prem , Matthew Quaife , Annam Foss , Thibaut Jombart , Adamj Kucharski , C Julian Villabona , David Hodgson , Amy Gimma , Simonr Procter , Kevin Van Zandvoort , Fiona Yueqian Sun , Mihaly Koltai , Samuel Clifford ,