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A team of US-based scientists has recently demonstrated the cryo-electron microscopic structure and antigenicity of the attachment glycoprotein of the Nipah virus. ....
The role and ancestry of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein glycan shield The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein is a class I fusion glycoprotein responsible for interacting with the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor on the surface of human cells, enabling cell entry. It is the primary target of both natural and vaccine-acquired neutralizing antibodies. The spike protein is coated in a thick glycan shield that plays a role in target site recognition, towards both the ACE2 receptor and neutralizing antibodies, and in conformational stability, modulating the state of the spike protein between closed and open forms and granting stability to the open prefusion form, which affords enhanced affinity towards the ACE2 receptor by presenting the receptor-binding domain. ....
Researchers explore an inhalable SARS-CoV-2 nanobody therapy The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the world’s third major coronavirus outbreak. To date, the SARS-CoV-2 has infected over 135 million lives and caused over 2.9 million deaths. Even as vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are being developed and administered at an unprecedented pace, treating this infection remains a challenge. To address this, researchers from China have used nanobodies (Nb) as a possible therapeutic approach. In a recent paper, published in the journal MedComm, they reported Nb phage display libraries derived from four camels immunized with the SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD. ....
Researchers provide ultrastructural details of SARS-CoV-2-infected respiratory epithelial cells A team of scientists from the United Kingdom recently investigated the ultrastructural details of the attachment, entry, and budding processes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the human airway epithelium. They have used a highly differentiated air-liquid interface cultures of airway epithelium to thoroughly investigate the viral infection cycle. The study is currently available on the Background SARS-CoV-2, the causative pathogen of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is an enveloped RNA virus belonging to the Coronaviridae family. The virus primarily attacks human airway epithelial cells to initiate infection. Mechanistically, the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the S1 subunit of the viral spike glycoprotein binds to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which is ubiquitously expressed at the apical surface of host airway epithelial ce ....
Researchers identify a novel SARS-CoV-2 variant (A.VOI.V2) in southern Africa A team of international scientists has recently explored the transmission dynamics of currently circulating variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in a southern African country. By analyzing the genomic sequences of these variants, they have identified a novel SARS-CoV-2 variant with multiple spike mutations. They have temporarily designated the variant A.VOI.V2. A detailed description of the genomic surveillance they carried out is currently available on the Background Since its emergence in December 2019, SARS-CoV-2, the causative pathogen of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has undergone more than 12,000 mutations. The majority of these mutations are found in the viral spike protein, which is a glycoprotein on the viral envelope required for establishing SARS-CoV-2 infection. Because of robust immunogenicity, the spike protein is considered to be the ....