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Genomic study points to new treatment approaches for advanced small-cell lung cancer


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COLUMBUS, Ohio - A new study of advanced small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) led by researchers at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute (OSUCCC - James) has identified molecular patterns linked to patients developing resistance to certain therapies.
This study, published in the journal
JTO Clinical and Research Reports, examined more than 60 tumors from five patients. OSUCCC - James researchers identified distinct mutational and molecular changes in four SCLC subtypes. The findings provide new insights into the patterns treatment resistance and could offer new targets for the development of more effective immunotherapy and other therapies for advanced SCLC, which progresses quickly and is usually fatal. ....

United States , Ohio State University , Russell Bonneville , Anoosha Paruchuri , Amym Smith , Patricia Allenby , Gregory Otterson , Arthurg James , Lianbo Yu , Thuy Dao , Aharong Freud , Sharon Cole , Melaniea Krook , Hui Zi Chen , Eric Samorodnitsky , Walter Wang , Sameek Roychowdhury , Jharna Miya , Davidp Carbone , Juliew Reeser , Orion Cancer Care Inc , National Institutes Of Health , Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center , Blanchard Valley Health System , College Of Wisconsin , Cancer Genomics Laboratory ,

'Patchwork' tumors prevalent across multiple cancer types


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Researchers at the Francis Crick Institute, as part of an international collaboration of scientists through the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes Consortium, have analysed the whole genomes of tumour samples from over 2,600 patients with different types of cancer. They identified a high prevalence of genetic diversity within individual tumours, which they further characterised. Their findings confirm that, even at late stages of development, tumour evolution is driven by changes that benefit the cancer.
When cancer cells divide, errors occur in the process of copying their DNA. These copying errors mean that different tumours can be made up of cells presenting a wide range of genetic diversity. This variation is a challenge for doctors as a treatment that works for one group of genetically related tumour cells, called a subclone, may not be effective against another. And certain subclones can initiate tumour spread or drug resistance. ....

United Kingdom , United States , City Of , Maxime Tarabichi , Robert Waley Cohen , University College London , Broad Institute , King College London , Cancer Analysis Of Whole Genomes Consortium , University Of Toronto , Cancer Genomics Laboratory , Imperial College London , Winton Group Leader , Ontario Institute For Cancer Research , Research Council , University Of Texas Md Anderson Cancer Center , Big Data Institute At University Of Oxford , Wellcome Sanger Institute , Cancer Research United Kingdom , Biomedical Research Centre , Van Loo Lab , Francis Crick Institute , Vector Institute , University Of Leuven , Pan Cancer Analysis , Whole Genomes Consortium ,