Anchored on the platform of the pan-African vision of building an integrated, prosperous and peaceful Africa, AfCTA is a free trade area that includes 30 African countries. Reviewing AfCTA’s potential, the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa estimates that the agreement will boost intra-African trade by 52 per cent by 2022. With this, economists posit that AfCTA will consolidate Africa into one trade area to provide great opportunities for entrepreneurs, businesses and consumers across the continent to support sustainable development in the world’s least developed region. To achieve part of the aims of the initiative, the federal government embarks on a rail line project between Nigeria and Republic of Niger as a way of improving trade relations and boosting economic activities between the two countries.