these people are playing a game. it's not part of religion, its not part of islam. islam is peace and submission to the will of god. >> ifill: and, duke and wisconsin head to the n.c.a.a. championships. as the madness ends, some sane talk on the status of college athletes. those are some of the stories we're covering on tonight's pbs newshour. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ moving our economy for 160 years. bnsf, the engine that connects us. >> lincoln financial-- committed to helping you take charge of your life and become you're own chief life officer. >> and the william and flora hewlett foundation, helping people build immeasurably better lives. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions and... >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. >> ifill: kenya's military launched a second day of air strikes against al-shabaab militants in somalia today. the air strikes targeted camps in the gedo region of somalia just across the border. it was retaliation for the militants' attack on a kenyan university that killed 148 people. at the same time today, muslim political leaders in kenya denounced al-shabaab. >> we want to disassociate ourselves and our islamic faith from the actions of these demented monsters. they are not muslims and do not represent us. we will do everything in our power to expose and eliminate them from our midst. >> ifill: in nairobi, hundreds of people turned up at a hospital to donate blood for the surviving victims of the university attack. and in nigeria, islamist militants allied with boko haram disguised themselves as and killed at least 24 people in an attack on a mosque. in syria, about 18,000 people were trapped today in a palestinian refugee camp in damascus, after islamic state forces captured much of it. amateur video over the weekend appeared to show isis forces taking up positions in the yarmouk camp. by today, activists said they controlled 90% of the site. palestinian forces fought back, and the syrian military dropped barrel bombs on the camp, in support of the palestinians. india today unveiled a new air quality index to raise awareness of dangerous pollution levels. with its release, prime minister narendra modi called for conservation and cutting waste. but while india is the world's third largest greenhouse gas emitter, modi said cutting emissions is not the answer. >> ( translated ): until we focus on our lifestyle and get the world to focus on it, we will not succeed despite all other measures being taken. but it is difficult to convince the developed nations about this. >> ifill: air pollution kills more than 600,000 people in india each year. it comes largely from coal-fired power plants, but india is rapidly building its coal-fired power generation to expand its economy. on wall street today, stocks got an easter monday boost, in part from a jump in oil prices that helped energy stocks. the dow jones industrial average gained nearly 120 points to close near 17,900. the nasdaq rose 30 points, and the s&p 500 added 13. two passings of note tonight: the reverend gardner c. taylor, a celebrated minister and civil rights figure, died sunday in durham, north carolina. he grew up in baton rouge louisiana, graduated from oberlin college and pastored concord baptist church in new york for four decades. he also led the progressive national baptist convention. gardner gained national renown as a preacher, and in 2007, received the presidential medal of freedom. the reverend gardner c. taylor was 96 years old. and, gertrude weaver has died in arkansas, just five days after she became the world's oldest living person. she passed away today at a nursing home at the age of 116. her next birthday would have been in july, and she'd asked that president obama come to her party. still to come on the newshour: "rolling stone's" flawed journalism, and how it might affect survivors of sexual assault. president obama defends the framework for a nuclear deal with iran. closing arguments in the boston marathon bombing trial. cartoons on youtube counter recruitment tactics by islamic state militants. the week ahead in politics with amy walter and susan page. and, as march madness comes to an end, the state of affairs for student athletes. >> ifill: a new report commissioned by "rolling stone" and conducted by the columbia university graduate school of journalism describes in detail the life and death of a now- discredited account of a brutal gang rape at the university of virginia. the article drew nationwide attention, but almost immediately collapsed under the weight of scrutiny after police university officials and other journalists discovered inconsistencies in the story told by its protagonist, a student identified only as "jackie." the new report concludes: reporter sabrina rubin erdely and her editors "failed to verify her story with other sources." the magazine "used pseudonyms rather than confront(the) alleged attackers." and, they "ignored factcheckers' (warnings) that the alleged victim was the article's only source" for key details. steve coll is dean of the columbia journalism school, a pulitzer prize-winning journalist himself and headed up the outside investigation. >> ifill: thank you for joining us. for six months this story was reported, four months in your investigation. how id this happen? >> well, it was a collective failure and an avoidable failure. you had a reporter who got caught up in subject matter, had worked very hard but did not do some of the basic checking of derogatory information with subjects didn't do some of the basic provision of details to subjects that would have generated information that probably would have led her to turn in the other direction. then her editor failed to insist that she close these reporting gaps. the editor allowed into the story misleading attributions that withheld from readers important information about what was and wasn't known to "rolling stone". and then finally the editor's editor, the supervising editor of the magazine, though he read the drafts, though he had some conversations about the holes in the story, he didn't intervene. and while as you pointed out the factchecker did raise a couple of important questions, the checking department as a whole was either overridden or didn't forcefully intervene to insist that some of these holes be addressed. >> ifill: steve, last november we intevd sabrina rubin erdely here on "the news hour" right after this article came out and just before the holes began to appear and i want to play a couple of things she had to say which are now supported by some of your findings. the first is a discussion of confirmation that she entered into the story with a story to tell and found someone to tell it. let's listen to the way she described it in her own glordz part of the reason i chose university of virginia is that i felt it was representative of what was going on at campuses across the country. when i spoke to experts they told me that really the scary truth is that, if you dig deep enough on any campus this is probably what you will find that what happened at the university of virginia is not the exception. this is the norm: >> ifill: taken together with the fact that she relied on a single source, jackie the woman who was allegedly attacked who told her story about her friends and what her friend said the night of the attack. let's will be to sabrina rubin erdely again and her description of how that unfolded. >> that was an incredibly common and disturbing thing that emerged interest the article. when jackie confided in her friends, they dismissed it. they laughed it off. they told her to brush it off and get over it. some of them called her a baby for wallowing in it and said after a while she was still crying about it and that is incredibly common among rain survivors at university of virginia and elsewhere, that these women are sort of shamed and blamed and they're told to just shake it and off get back to the party culture. >> as far as we know none of this happened, at least the last part about what her friends did and how they reacted. in addition to that you could see that the reporter was making the larger case and trying to make it about the university this dom bind, was this a firing offense? >> well, we didn't find the kind of dishonesty inventing facts, lying to colleagues about who you called and what reporting you did, plagiarism, that, i'm sure you know, are common automatic firing incontinences in news rooms or certainly offenses that generate severe sanctions. this was a pattern a failure that involved the writer for sure but also her editors and the policies at "rolling stone" which were inadequate for the complexity of the story she was working on. >> and yet nobody was fired, i should just say. >> nobody was fired as far as i'm aware of. "rolling stone" announced that everyone would keep their jobs. i think that, you know, the wider subject that you highlighted with those clips is important. it is this habit in journalism of reporters, assuming they know what the story is and then looking for a case to illustrate their assumptions. that can be a very dangerous endeavor and can the basis for successful narrative journalism if the reporter goes in with an open mind and really discovers on the reporting trail what the truth of the matter is. but in other cases here is certain lay cautionary tale of someone coming in with assumptions that are deeply embedded and you can hear them in the statements that she made to you when the story came out and then really closes her ears to facts that contradict the assumptions that she already holds. i was going to say as you have referred to this phenomenon of confirmation bias, it's a well-established part of social science. we like to filter out facts that aren't aligned with our pre-existing assumptions. >> isn't that what editors and factcheckers are for, to save you from those kinds of biases? >> absolutely right. and it's hard. anyone who has been around investigative reporters know that strong investigative reporters sometimes get off track. they get tangled up in their subjects. they get emotive about the wrongdoing that they think they're exposing and that's exactly why you have partnerships between reporters and editor because the editor is supposed to provide the break the perspective, to provide the empirical sense that oh, we're we're not done yet. we need you to go back and talk to more people. it's not acceptable for us to go to print without contacting the three friends that you're quoting on jackie's account but without knowing if they would sign up for the version of this terribly unflattering speech that you have attributed to them. these are the basic things that reporters and editors do together. we found that there was plenty of failure on both sides of that partnership niltses but you're certainly right that an editor is a central part of an equation like this. >> one final question: does the victim the source herself hold any responsibility for this? >> not in my judgment when you consider it as a matter of journalism, which was our charge: she was 17 years old when she enrolled at a student. she didn't enlist "rolling stone." whatever are her motivations which are not known. she did not speak to us. she is not at fault for a failure of journalism. hat is about the methodology and the practice that "rolling stone" undertook in this case. and by the way, "rolling stone" and the writer sometimes sheltered under the defense that they had only been too sensitive to jackie's position. and it was an important part of our report to say no, we don't think so. we think that there were many reporting trail yous they dove followed without any effect on jackie and certainly without any request by jackie that they refrain that would have changed the outcome. >> steve coll of the columbia journalism school. thank you very much. >> thank you, gwen. >> advocates for sexual assault victims are also worried that the "rolling stone" story will damage their cause. alison kiss, executive director of the clery center for security on campus joins me now. how much damage did this story do? >> i think it may set us backwards a little bit. there's been quite a bit of attention on campus of sexual assault over the past two years and people have been comening at this from multiple directions, student activists, administratorrers on campus really putting time and effort into getting collaborative responses and i think this story made us take a few steps back gliefl a lot of the people said at the time this proves that people like you were trying to reach too far to create a drama that does not really exist, a problem that is not as bide spread as advocates say. >> you know, that's one of our fears in this. i think that, when you take a single narrative and as steve mentioned there were multiple layers of errors here and the idea was that "rolling stone" said they cared too much about jackie when in fact i think their profit showed there was very little care for jackie and other victims and survivors. so here you have a situation where they're almost adding to the perception that this does not happen because that per is very legal. there are people that think sexual assault doesn't happen on college and university campuses. so when they see a story like that it just feel them with an anecdotal. it's not based on statistics but when they hear something like they say and it's getting quite a bit of attention they might grab on and say this not happening on our campus and we know it is. >> ifill: the fraternity involved is saying this is reckless and they're suing. the governor of virginia ed said this was a travesty, if not his word, my word. and now we wonder if the university of virginia or other universities had take shelter, as well, under this and back away from their efforts? what is your sense of that? >> my sense is this story caused quite a bit of harm. i think that the journalistic efforts failed. they were irresponsible. it basically, as i said put or caused harm not only to jackie and other survivors but other people who were potentially defamed in the story. so i think it shows that we need to approach this. we train colleges and universities daily on approaching sexual assault with a balanced approach, and i would encourage folks within the media who are reporting on this as well to also take that balanced approach. so if you're hearing multiple sides you have to do the background. it's really what you owe to the subject of your story. >> will victims be less likely to report assault? reporting assault is often part of the problem here at the root of this as much as the assault themselves. >> i think whenever you have a story that circles around false reporting in some capacity that it may minimize the crime of sexual violence and sexual assault and people may be less likely to come forward and report an assault. we're talking about the most under reported crime on college and university campuses and across the board. we know that there are only about 2 to 10 percent of reports are false reports. but we do know they're scrutinized so certainly when there's attention on a potential false report now i think that there was the chief of place in virginia said that they do believe something happened to jackie. i think that what trauma tells us something most like lay did happen to jackie. but again when the narrative is swelling, you know dangerously swelling around false reporting i think it may minimize people coming forward. i hope that's not the case but it's certainly an option. >> ifill: alison to what extent does the trauma itself sometimes make it activity to get the story straight for the journalists or either for the victim? >> when you talk about trauma and how it affects the victim, it's going to be different with every person so it's really important to understand that certain facts or certain details may not come across correct limit it could be an incorrect date or time. but then again there could be certain facts that the victim has right down to every little -- i mean could almost tell you cracks in the ceiling and what type of shape they're making. so it's important when reporting on these stories, that you have don't take an advocacy role. i think a journalist has to take a balanced approach but it's important to know the way trauma can affect someone when they're recounting a violent talk. >> and as steve coll commented she herself is not pressing her case anymore with the police or with the columbia journalism folks. so what good, if any, can come of this from your point of view, from your perspective? >> i think it's an opportunity for journalists to really learn how to work with survivors of sexual violence. i think that there are many who do this really well so they're very up front when working with a "survivor" and explaining to them the process. and letting them know what the process is going to be throughout the story. not shielding them and it sounds like, in this case, there was a quote unquote care for jackie but there actually wasn't care for jackie. there really wasn't open honesty about what jackie needed and what they needed to do to strengthen the story, quite frankly. so again i think it's an opportunity for journalists to understand how to take a trauma-informed approach to understanding what a survivor goes through and also taking a balanced report to reporting the story. >> alison kiss of the security center on campus. thank you very much. >> thank you. >> ifill: after last week's announcement of a framework agreement to curb iran's nuclear progrgam, the white house is working overtime to sell the deal to the american public, congress and skeptical allies. as chief foreign affairs correspondent margaret warner reports, the blitz comes as some of the points of criticism deal with issues that haven't been resolved. >> warner: the president's top nuclear expert came to the white house podium today, to make the case for the framework deal. >> the access and transparency is unprecedented. >> warner: energy secretary ernest moniz called it a forever agreement, with impact on iran's program extending beyond the first 10 most restrictive years. he also played down criticism by iran's foreign minister javad zarif, that a u.s. fact sheet misstates what the agreement actually says. >> we all recognize that, and we emphasize very strongly, we have to talk about the same agreement. we understand emphases may be different. so it's not so much inconsistent as it i would say is emphasizing only certain parts of the agreement. >> warner: the u.s. fact sheet says iran's uranium enrichment would be severely curtailed for 15 years, and the iranian program would be subjected to intensive inspections. in exchange, and only after iran's verified compliance, would crippling economic sanctions be lifted. moniz ackwledged the details on phasing out sanctions remain to be worked out. for his part, president obama called the deal a "once-in-a- lifetime opportunity," in a weekend interview with "new york times" columnist thomas friedman. >> there is no formula, there is no option to prevent iran from getting a nuclear weapon that will be more effective than the diplomatic initiative and framework that we put forward and that's demonstrable. >> warner: whether that sways congressional critics is unclear. but on sunday, the chair of the senate foreign relations committee said congress means to have a say, regardless. >> i know that a lot of water has to go under the bridge over the next 90 days. and it's very important that congress is in the middle of this, understanding, teasing out, asking those important questions. >> warner: israeli prime minister benjamin netanyahu also made the rounds of sunday news shows and, once again, argued the deal is deeply flawed. >> i'm not trying to kill any deal. i'm trying to kill a bad deal. and you say it's an historic decision, an historic deal, it could be an historically bad deal. because it leaves the preeminent terrorist state of our time with a vast nuclear infrastructure. remember, not one centrifuge is destroyed. >> warner: but today, in a slight shift of approach israel's minister of intelligence and strategic affairs presented a list of modifications israel would like to see in the final agreement. inside iran, meanwhile, reaction has been mixed. the iranian people welcomed the news, and iran's military chief voiced support. but hard-liners insist tehran gave up too much. iran's supreme leader, ayatollah ali khamenei, has said nothing publicly. though president obama noted negotiators wouldn't have made the concessions they did without his okay. perhaps most significantly today, saudi arabia's king salman voiced cautious support saying the deal could bolster stability and security in the region. negotiators aim to work out details of a final agreement by june 30. >> ifill: there were closing arguments from both sides in the boston bombing trial today, and the jury will start deliberations tomorrow morning. for an update on the proceedings, i am joined by adam reilly of wgbh-tv. he has been reporting on the trial throughout, and was in the courtroom today. >> thank you for joining us. >> my pleasure. >> 30 counts we're talking about, 17 eligible for the death penalty. what are the closing arguments for the prosecution? >> essentially both the prosecution and the defense tried to do the same thing today they have done throughout the trial. the defense conceded early on that sac car tsarnaev did it so the whole trial has been about arguing over whether he was an equal conspirator or a junior partner. so the government again today as they have throughout the case tried to drove home the evil conspirator argument. the defense came back saying he was pushed into this by his deceased older brother, tamerlan tsarnaev, who is no longer around too over house version of events much as the defense put it today if tamerlan -- if not for tamerlan this would not have happened that is a dzhokhar was unnecessary. >> the prosecution brought 92 witnesses and the defense only four. why that difference? >> in part because the prosecution really wanted to drive home the horror of what happened that day and there were a lot of people who were traumatically affected by the bombings. for example we heard from the father of martin, the 8-year-old boy who lost his leg on a bomb that was placed behind him. we saw video of seak car standing behind him and planting the boom. but the discrepancy is also because the judge early on said that the defense could not focus on its contention that effectively dzhokhar was coerced or led into this by tamerlan until the sentencing phase of the trial. so they called a few people who were able to indirectly bolster the case they want to do make, and they kawrld a fingerprint expert in virginia who sewed tamerlan's fingerprints were found on bomb making materials found by the government but very few belonging to dzhokhar. we will hear more from the kind of witnesses they want to call in the next stage after the verdict comes in, just because that parameter that the judge established. >> so explain to us what the process is now. we're talking right now just about -- he already admitted guilty and it means immediately to a death penalty phase. >> we will wait for a verdict and a lot of people myself included thought a verdict could come in quickly. i think it will be relatively quickly but the judge's instructions to the jury alone today took about an hour and a quarter. even if you are include to think he did this even with the assistance of the defense saying he did this, the counts are connell plex and there's a love -- complex and there's a lot of legal minutiae and the jurors haven't been able to talk to anyone about the minutiae they have received so i would think there's an amount of simple venting. when the verdict finally comes in my understanding is that we will move to the sentencing phase immediately f we get a verdict at say 2:00 p.m. on wednesday maybe we won't start the sentencing phase until the following day but we're planning at this phase to move right on. >> it must have been pretty emotional in the courtroom over the past few weeks, especially with so many of the victims and the victims' relatives present? >> i'm sorry. it has been intensely emotional. and i haven't been there for all of it. i have been studio with my colleagues at wgbh and i was there for the government's closing arguments where they had the medical examiners who examined the three victims killed during the marathon bombings themselves, martin richard crystal campbell and another. they had them talk about the magnitude of injuries their sustained. the autopsy photos were not shown no open court but they were shown to the jurors. we see the garments that the 8-year-old boy that was killed was wearing when he died. and that -- i'm a parent and i think whether your tea a parent or not that is extremely difficult to see. you know, his either pants or shorts which were shredded horrifically were held up and the defense said because the blast was so intense they couldn't tell if they were short pants or long pants and all of this was happening as martin's parents were sitting just a few feet away. so a lot of intense emotion. as i indicated early it has to be really, really hard for the jurors to take all of this stuff in and then go home and not be able to share it with known. >> a terrible time recounting a terrible day. adam riley, thank you very much. >> thank you, gwen. >> ifill: last week, 148 people were killed in a terrorist attack at a univerity in garissa, kenya. today, the government struck back, launching attacks on al- shabaab bases in neighboring somalia. al-shabaab and other islamic extremist groups have expanded their ranks, recruiting abroad by using the internet to mount appeals to young somali men. fred de sam lazaro reports on one man's attempt to keep those potential fighters home. >> reporter: a kind of cartoon war has been declared in minneapolis, one aimed mainly at young muslim men. it is a world away from syria iraq or the horn of africa, but minnesota is home to at least 30,000 somalis, the largest such community in the u.s. most are refugees from a war- torn nation that's long been a haven for islamist extremist groups. groups, like the al qaeda linked al shabaab have tried to recruit from this community-mainly through videos on the internet. the fbi says up to 40 young men from here have signed up since 2007. the extremists' tactics have been deeply offensive to the community here, says 39-year-old mohamed amin ahmed, who's lived here since 1998 and manages a convenience store. >> my goal is to compete and take the values of the majority of the muslims and go after the kids between the age of eight and 16 and compete for their mind space. >> knock knock. average mohamed here. >> reporter: enter average mohamed.com, a website ahmed started last year. >> isis, islamic state made a video, which is action packed showing american soldiers being killed and hurt, called flames of war. and i spoofed it. i said well what you're actually doing is flames of hell. because what you're actually doing is not war, it is genocide. >> reporter: ahmed screens his videos before target audiences on this night, members of a local soccer club, aided by their coach ahmed ismail. >> you guys have to understand these people are playing a game. it's not part of religion, its not part of islam. islam is peace and submission to the will of god. >> reporter: for the young men, though, the lessons they get here contrast with stereotypes many said they must endure. >> i've been actually called a terrorist. it was friday and i had the kameez on. and this guy just said, are you going to blow up something? >> this some kid came up to me "oh, somali people are terrorists." people judge too quick. >> when they say you are terrorist, tell them no you are wrong, i have nothing to do with it, i disagree with the people who is killing innocent people because you don't want to kill anyone who haven't done anything to you whether he's a jewish, or he's a christian or he's a buddha. >> reporter: such mentoring relationships are critical to help influence the choices of young men, not fully grounded in their native culture, not feeling accepted in their adopted one. abdi samatar, a professor at the university of minnesota and one of the state's earliest somali residents, applauds ahmed's efforts. >> the mindset is one that has not a good grasp of its own faith, disconnected from the larger minnesota community, maybe doing well or not so well in school; sees themselves as black people in a white sea, or foreign sea. so the attempt by the young somali man that would try to figure out cartoons and images that would counter images the terrorists put on the web for instance is an insightful agenda on his part. >> reporter: but samatar says it will take a much more to truly impact recruitment-- not just offsetting extremist propaganda but also policy changes. for example, he says the u.s. is perceived as being too close to the transitional government in somalia that he says is highly unpopular. >> we have supported quite a dysfunctional government that is by all standards the most corrupt regime that is in the world, as transparency international tells us. and so that plays in very strange ways to the recruitment of al shabaab and all kinds of terrorists in saying that the united states is not serious about our interests. >> reporter: for his part, ahmed says he has gotten some negative responses to his efforts-calling him anti islamic and an apostate. but he says the public response has been global and overwhelmingly positive. >> i'm getting literally hundreds of emails from people wishing me well and more >> reporter: how do you know that this is something that's going to resonate with an 18- year-old living in minneapolis? >> i focus group it. basically i walked up to a bunch of kids, about 250 of them and i asked them what do you think of suicide bombing is it an islamic principle. most of them said i think it is. now i went back to some of these kids and showed them some of these videos and they come back and they say oh, now we know better. so it does work. but i haven't been able to quantify in terms of impact, the impact is really hard to gauge. >> reporter: it's a work in progress that he hopes to scale up he says. he's hoping to add to this inherently global effort with more cartoons and more languages-- arabic and urdu, for example, to be used in other parts of the muslim world. this is fred de sam lazaro for the pbs newshour in minneapolis >> ifill: a version of this story aired on the pbs program "religion and ethics newsweekly." fred's reporting is a partnership with the under-told stories project at st. mary's university of minnesota. >> ifill: tomorrow we expect kentucky senator rand paul to officially jump into the ever- expanding race for the republican presidential nomination. he is not the first-- senator ted cruz announced last week-- and he won't be anywhere close to the last. what better time to talk about that, and other political things, than politics monday. joining me are amy walter of the "cook political report" and susan page of "u.s.a. today." rand paul was only last week? feels like two weeks ago. >> i know. fill: let's start by talking about rand paul. today there were two. there was the video he put up and we can show a bit. let's show that now. very interesting, the tail end of it. >> announcer: it's time for a new way, a new set of ideas, a new leader, one you can trust, one who works for you and above all it's time for a new president. >> ifill: that is not his announcement but it sounded like it but it was something his folks put on youtube today. if you look at his senatorial web site, they changed it and completely overhauled it. the old one is on your left and it looks like a regular senator's web site and the one on the right talks about revitalizing america and he is looking upward with the big american flag. >> the american flag always the give away. definitely. >> who is rand mall and what is he up to here. >> that is an excellent question. it should be less of a complicated question gwen than it is. who was rand paul when he was elected in 2010. he was the tea party darling. he upset the front runnener a kentucky republican primary in 20106789 he was the hand picked candidate of mitch mcconnell the senate majority leader. he came in as sort of a rebel. he was a -- heave worked for his father -- he worked for his father libertarian ron paul and his campaign and we thought he would be the guy to take congress to task. he has a conservative vote in congress, that's for sure but he has backed away from that initial rand paul. he came in saying let's cut the military budget, let's cut foreign aid let's make sure that we are challenging on, you know, a lot of the orthodoxy, republican orthodoxy and now he has backtracked on a lot of those especially foreign aid now that he is thinking about running for president. >> so he is not his father's son. >> his father ran for president three times was never taken seriously, even though he score the victories and took over state parties. he had a real identifiable basis of support. rand paul has done more legislation than his father ever did and is a more credible republican nominee than his father ever was. part of that is not huing to the straight libertarian line that his father d maybe that cost him some of the credentials he had for being an talentsperson but if you're thinking about being a serious nominee, serious contender for the nomination that's what he has done. >> ifill: is there a money basis morning libertarians for rand paul? >> that's the good question. ron paul did very well in the so-called money bonds where he had the grassroots libertarians and they would go, you know, run through hot coal for him and gave him a lot of money online. he raised a ton of money in the 2012 gain. rand paul may not be doing's well in that group but theoretically he can expand to the tea party groups and the establishment. when where i have a problem seeing his ability to run as a consensus candidate the hawkish wing of the establishment will ever forgive him given what his past has been. >> and marco rubio is dropping hints all over. >> next week. >> he will announce next week. the other person everybody is waiting for is hillary clinton. and we super-heard that she is going to make an announcement by way of social media. is that the latest version of this? >> think about what candidates need to do. ted cruz needed to get people to notice him. he needed to get attention and gather some names and e-mail addresses to use for fundraising and other purposes. hillary clinton has nothing but attention and millimeters of names. what she needs is in a way to reintroduce herself to americans in a different way. so i would suspect her to do something that is a little less traditional than what we are seeing from rand paul tomorrow. i think it will be smaller, more intimate very much use of social media to say i'm an talents person and -- a authenticate person. >> who is her audience? is it iowa or new hampshire or the people worried she is not getting out there. >> a lot of it is us we're paying a lot of attention to this. and i think that, susan is exactly right. it has to be less about her and more about the audience. i know everybody is focused on who i am. what i need and what she needs to tell them is i need too tell you why i'm going to to be working for you. this is an entitlement i get the nomination or presidency. i can't wait to work every single day to get your vote. that would be the message, i think, that she needs to give and i think that will help. >> let's talk about an issue question. our friend dan wrote a column this weekend which caught my eye. it was about the invisible tie that binds among hillary clinton, john kerry, former secretary at a time and the current president, president obama over iran. no matter what happens, the president is trying to sell it and put the pedal to the met al. but the three of them are all bound and it has to work for them orist affects everybody, doesn't it, like dominos? >> it was a smart comment. obama's biggest foreign policy is with iran if he can get and it one of hillary's problems is going to be if this doesn't work and collapses and becomes a global mess. one thing that struck me think about the presidents that have engaged on iran. it never ended well. the iranian hostage crises helped unravel carter's presidency. the worst scandal reagan had was the iranian scandal. >> it's a challenge in fix being it. >> and this is going to be an interesting thing for hillary clinton going forward. we talk about the problem on her liberal left and on some of the wall street issues. i think that the bigger issue is going to be foreign policy. she's a lot more hawkish than a lot of democrats are, certainly than the president is, on some of these issues. she's a lot more skeptical and said so in her memoir than this president is. what is she going to talk about those issues going forward whereas we know the last time around it was iraq that tripped her up. >> we're ready nor this to get started. >> thank you both very much. >> thank you. >> ifill: tonight, as the men's college basketball tournament comes to a close, we take a look at the role of the student- athlete. in the game, in the class room, and at the negotiating table. jeffrey brown is back with that. >> he's got an open three and it rattles home! >> brown: it's march madness, when basketball rules and the n.c.a.a. revels in the attention. indeed, wisconsin's win on saturday, over unbeaten kentucky, was the most-watched semi-final in 22 years. >> look at this-- right back with it! >> brown: duke dominated michigan state in the other semi-final and will face wisconsin tonight. and on the women's side, the university of connecticut is aiming to continue its dynasty going for a third straight championship tomorrow against notre dame. but behind the backdrop of tournament time, there is serious pressure on a number of fronts, including whether and how schools should compensate student athletes. last year, former u.c.l.a. basketball star ed o'bannon won a lawsuit that calls for paying players at least $5,000 a year for rights to their names and images. the n.c.a.a. is appealing. >> everything has changed about the game, the rules have changed, everything has changed except for how players are compensated. >> brown: then, there's academic fraud. a former football player and a one-time women's basketball player have sued the university of north carolina and the n.c.a.a. over bogus classes. at a pre-final four presser conference last week, n.c.a.a. president mark emmert spoke of re-balancing the student-athlete equation. >> to be a successful division i athlete and a successful student is a very demanding task. in some cases it's too demanding and we need to find ways to not just provide, but insist that they have more time to be students as well as student- athletes. >> brown: yet another question involves who pays when athletes get hurt, a subject highlighted recently on hbo's "real sports." >> you got hurt playing football at the university of washington. >> yeah. >> and then you went back after you left the school, to the team doctor, because of the problems you were having as a result of that injury. >> right. and now i had to pay. >> harris learned a hard lesson that day-- a lesson many n.c.a.a. student-athletes have been surprised to learn: once you're done with college college is typically done with you. you're not only stuck with the injuries you sustained, you're also stuck with the medical bills. >> brown: looming ethical and legal questions. still, for these next two nights, at least, the focus of sports fans will be on and not in the courts. >> brown: so, what is expected of the collegiate athlete today, and what should he or she ask in return? we're joined by: len elmore a sportcaster and former collegiate and professional basketball player. and emmett gill, professor of public policy at the university of texas at san antonio, and founder of the "student- athlete's human rights project," an advocacy group. >> emmett gill, let me start with you much does the student athlete equation need rebalancing or a complete overall? how would you define the role today? >> jeffrey absolutely. i think it definitely needs rebalancing. i wouldn't say a complete overall because i think we are moving in the right direct when we talk about cost of living stipends and four-year scholarships and nonetheless i think that two issues that are on the table that definitely need reform is the issue of use in name and likeness and the issue of who takes care of the health bills once the student athletes eligibility has expired. >> brown: len, let me ask you the same general question first. how do you see the balancing act now? >> well i think and i agree with emmett gill that it requires rebalancing. i mean the definition of amateurism has changed and we need to balance the equity, so to speak to be able to reflect that. you know, we talk about revenues derived from basketball championships, television market being etc. and certainly some of that needs to go to the benefit of the student athlete. i would not advocate paying them directly as though they were employees because that opens up a new pandora's box but nevertheless things such as medical benefits, such as the true cost of an education, certainly those differences have to be made up. >> brown:ly stay with you. why does that open a new pandora's box to pay the student something out of all of this money flowing especially in something like the final four. >> when i say pay the students again i want to make sure everybody understands. i'm not eliminating the idea of the benefits i just spoke of and making up the true cost of an education, being able to pay medical benefits, et cetera. you know, it provides value for the student that -- provide value for the services the student threat derives. the monies that go -- if you take a look at the ncaa, most of the revenue derived from the championships, et cetera go to the benefit of student threat athletes, whether it's medical benefits, whether it's the whole host of things going to the conferences which should ultimately go to the student athlete. but nevertheless i think that paying them, the pandora's box would be is this taxable income? and what is the difference between the collegiate model and the professional mod snell you pay them directly, what is the difference? there is no difference. >> gill, what is your response on that thinking about the money and how much a student athlete deserves and how it should be paid? >> i agree with len, jeffrey, in the sense that len mentions the value of an education and what student athletes receive. i believe in a model where male and female student athletes are able to use their name and likeness to build their brand name recognition and then they're able to go into a manchting class or an accounting class and apply, you know the skills that they have learned from balancing their checkbook because they are receiving some type of income from their name and likeness. i don't believe in paying student athletes because i agree with less than it would open up an additional pandoras box but it would not provide student athletes with an opportunity to learn about managing money about managing their brand, about looking for opportunities to expand their brand, and i'm not just talking about the male student athletes. i'm talking about the females as well. so i think that we need a model that allows student athletes to integrate their educational opportunities with the financial opportunities that come with them being a big time college athlete. >> what about, len elmore the educational side of this quhaition? how could or should the ncaa ensure that athletes really do get to be students that they get an education? is there any way to do that. >> certainly there is. first let me talk about so the emmitt brought up. with regard to name and likeness i agree there should be a sharing in the model but i don't think it should be a direct payment. maybe a carrot, put it in a trust and allow the young people to access it after graduation and i mean after graduation. if you do it during the season then you have a problem of ok, who deserves what. if i'm the star quarterback do i deserve all of this accolade but my right tackle and left tackle doesn't? that becomes a problem that suddenly having to see some of the teaching benefits of playing team sports and participating in individual sports. now you know, as far as the other questions is concerned, it is up to the individual institutions. i don't think it's the ncaa which is not a monolith but it's like a managing agent for the member school. it's up to each individual institution with all of the information that is available out there to make sure that that information is conveyed to the student athlete and then -- and here is the biggest problem that i have particularly with the lawsuits -- we're having a situation where we have absolved the student athlete of any responsibility of getting an education, at least when you look at the lawsuits et cetera. they're saying it's up to the school. but these kids when they make choices for which school to go to they are the age of majority. they have the ability to make decisions, they have to be advocates for their education. if they weren't getting playing time i guarantee they would be advocates for their playing time so why couldn't they be advocates for their own education. why are some student athletes doing extremely well, on the honor roll all academic and et cetera and others aren't doing well? much is because of the choices the student athlete makes and i would not absolve them of the responsibility. >> institutions have a responsibility and so do student athletes. >> go ahead emmett, do you think there should be rules from the institutions to ensure these kind of educational standards? >> no. you know, i agree with len to a degree that we can't legislate higher education. but student athletes are responsible for advocating for their own education and that's what we preach at the human rights project. i don't think it's the ncaa responsibility. you notice the dismissal request for the lawsuit to be dismissed and they're saying they're not responsible. unc, the coaches, you know they say that they're not responsible for student athletes' education so it does fall on the student athlete. on the other hand, you know, mr. elmore being an all-american at university of maryland, certainly understands that, you know if a coach says that you need to be at practice at 1:00 p.m. and there are certain classes that you can't take after 1:00 p.m. if you want to be in that lineup, if you want to be in that starting lineup then you're going to be in practice. so jeffrey, it's not just individual student athletes who need to begin to advocate for their education. collectively, student athletes need to begin to advocate for their education. like the kids at northwestern university. then they will understand better what they have to do. >> brown: all right. >> let meed a one more. the coaches are responsible and so are the parents as educators. that's all part and parcel of the leadership development at intercollegiate sports presents. >> brown: len elmore and emmett gill, thank you very much. >> ifill: finally, to our newshour shares of the day, something that caught our eye that might be of interest to you, too. today the white house held its 137th annual easter egg roll. children flooded the south lawn to play games, dance with the first lady, and frolic with a giant bunny. the white house historical association and library of congress found some extraordinary photos of past celebrations. this one from the south lawn dates back to 1898. in 1927, first lady grace coolidge brought her pet raccoon, rebecca. and in 1930, children danced around a maypole. we've posted all these images, and more, on our website, >> ifill: again, the major developments of the day: a fraternity at the university of virginia said it will sue "rolling stone" magazine over a discredited account of a gang rape. a review by the columbia journalism school found a series of key failures by the magazine in reporting the story. the white house stepped up a new effort to sell the nuclear agreement to congress and the public. and the jury in the boston marathon bombing trial heard closing arguments. the panel begins deliberations tomorrow morning. on the newshour online, a nursing home in the netherlands created a win-win situation for its residents: college students get to stay rent-free, while the older generation benefit from the company they provide. the number one rule for the young ones: don't be a nuisance. read about the creative living arrangement, on our home page pbs.org/newshour. and that's the newshour for tonight. on tuesday, how an elementary school has moved forward, four years after a gunman opened fire on its playground. i'm gwen ifill. we'll see you on-line and again here tomorrow evening. for all of us here at the pbs newshour, thank you and good night. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> lincoln financial-- committed to helping you take charge of your life and become you're own chief life officer. >> and by the alfred p. sloan foundation. supporting science, technology, and improved economic performance and financial literacy in the 21st century. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions and... >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org this is "nightly business reportrt," with tyler mathisen and sue herera. >> state of denial. stocks clinl, ignoring last week's dismal data. why is bad news for the economy so often good news on wall dollar downer why the stronger dollar spells pain for some smaller companies with made in . and strained relationship the growing backlash big business faces from some of its biggest defenders. all of that and more on "nightly business report" today, monday april 6th. good evening, everyone. sue is off tonight. wall street returned from the holiday weekend and seemed to be in a buying mood. investors shrugged off friday's weak