Merchant, and her bank. We dont know your credit card number, or what you bought. Or how much you paid. And we dont want to. Three month after we launched, over 2000 banks have signed on to bring apple pay to millions of their customers. And today, we are excited to announce that beginning in september, apple pay will be available for many transactions with the federal government. Like, for example when you pay for admission to your favorite national park. We are also working to make sure credit and procurement cards issued to Government Employees for expenses can be used with apple pay. We are working on initiatives with leading banks and networks to use this technology with benefit programs like Social Security and veterans pensions that serve citizens at both the state and federal levels. We can imagine a day in the not so distant future, when your wallet becomes a remnant of the past. Your passport, your drivers license, and other Important Documents can be digitally stored in a way thats safe secure, and easy to access. But only by you. After all, we shouldnt have to trade our security for the convenience of having all of this information at our fingertips. When a system is designed properly, security and convenience can actually work in harmony. This is a world of greater privacy, and a world where criminals find it much more difficult to carry out their crimes. Without a doubt, safeguarding a world of digitized personal information is an enormous task. And no Single Company or organization can accomplish it on its own. That is why we are committed to engaging productively with the white house and the congress and putting the results of these conversations into action. Because when it comes to the rights of customers, and the rights of citizens, its important to realize that we are all talking about the same people. People have entrusted us with their most personal and precious information. We owed them nothing less than the best protection that we can possibly provide. By harnessing the technology at our disposal, and working together as businesses, governments, and citizens, we believe we can bring about a future that is fully embracing both privacy and security. We must get this right. History has shown us that sacrificing our right to privacy can have dire consequences. We still live in a world where all people are not treated equally. Too many people do not feel free to practice their religion or express their opinion. Or love who they choose. A world in which that information can make the difference between life and death. If those of us in positions of responsibility fail to do everything in our power to protect the right of privacy, we risk is something far more valuable than money. We risk our way of life. Fortunately, Technology Gives us the tools to avoid these risks. And it is my sincere hope that by using them, and by working together, we will. Thank you very much. [applause] thank you. That was apple ceo tim cook speaking at the white house Cyber Security summit at Stanford University in california. Im mark crumpton, reporting from bloomberg World Headquarters in new york. This is bottom line. Cyber Security Summit brings together government and Business Leaders as part of a renewed push to fight hackers. President obama is scheduled to address the summit in about 15 minutes. We will bring you the president s remarks live. Bloomberg west, managing editor Cory Johnsons life. That was quite a speech. Ive seen tim cook speak quite a lot. Parts of the speech were similar lines he used at the Goldman Sachs technology conference. That was the best ive ever seen tim cook speak. Really powerful, in speaking to his own personal experience, and how perhaps why that motivates apple. Im just seeing some of the context. When he talks about apple not using the data they are gathering not keeping it or knowing it, and not minding it or interest in. Its counter to the way a lot of companies in Silicon Valley or purging data, when they look at the acquisition of data as a way to know what they want saying we are getting close to customers and find out what they want. You can hear that as a shot against google. Google has the Google Wallet, and the Google Android phone. Google is mining customers emails to look at the things that people talk about target advertising to them. When tim cook comes up that we dont do that and we think thats damaging to the way the people live their lives, threatening even to their lives, its a very, i think pointed point of differentiation from google, and from facebook. And apple taking a very different approach with similar access to similar information. This is also a winwin for apple, is it not . The president is announcing that apples mobile pay system is going to be enabled for users of federal payment cards that includes Social Security benefits, so a win for tim cook as well today. Tim cook said at the Goldman Sachs conference that he was surprised, and i will take him at his word that the pace at which apple pay was adopted in the Fourth Quarter of 2014. He really didnt think, he things all their products of the greatest ever, but he didnt think the retailers in the midst of their very most important shopping season would add on a new payment platform or try something new, upset the apple cart, if you will. Get it . Applecart . But instead, two thirds of all the things out there that were using these swipe payments, weve seen the monkey fobs and gas stations and things for years. Weve seen paypal, in particular Google Wallet trying for a couple of years to get into retailers and sell these registers that would allow for these payments. Instantly apple gets two thirds of that business. The federal government is another place you will see these things. He said it apple, we make money by selling you this. We are not trying to sell your data to other things, we are selling you devices that make money with our devices. Well have a more secure private life. Cory johnson joining us from outside that white house Cyber Security conference in california. Corey, thank you. Joining me is kathryn keats, head of the Response Services of beasley. Thats a philadelphia based heavily. Hello, mark. Is there something wrong with the encrypted protocols . Why do companies with layers and layers of security and firewalls keep getting hacked . I think the encryption issue has been tackled by Many Organizations. However, focused largely has been on encrypting data in transit. So do leaving organizations has been the focus. We are increasing data in that regard. As we saw with the anthem breach, that tim cook referred to a moment ago, the large Health Insurance breach that was publicized last week, affecting 80 Million People their issue was data at rest, or data sitting on their servers was not encrypted. So while we are sure that anthem probably has great protocols around encouraging data that they disclose externally, they had 80 million persons worth of data sitting on their servers and encrypted. At a situation that Many Organizations face. The Cyber Threats intelligence integration center. This the new White House Agency that examined Cyber Threats. Why nearly 15 years after 9 11, is the executive branch getting around to doing this, and will another layer of bureaucracy really solve this problem . I dont know. Several of ministrations have tried to tackle this over the years. The Obama Administration has had prior initiatives that gain traction in congress. Some of what the president wants to do requires congressional cooperation in activity. There is to be Cooperation Among both branches to move this forward. As to whether another layer of democracy will help or hurt, i think this idea of the information sharing analysis, organizations that would be implemented with the president s plan would be a good thing. They would foster voluntary Cooperation Among businesses to share information about Cyber Threats provided that organizations can do that sharing without liability or penalty of lawsuits. I think you would be a very good thing and a positive step forward. Companies that we ensure suffer data breaches and there is data out there to show that there are trends in these threats. We should all be talking about where the trends are going, and what we can do to prevent this activity. Catherine Katherine Keefe joining us from philadelphia. She will stay with us as we await president obamas address. He is expected to make is a marx make his remarks in a few minutes. He is talking about Cyber Security, and the threat the market businesses can face. And how the federal government and the Business Community working in tandem can help. More legal problems for the president of argentina. Thats when bottom line, continues. Welcome back. Lets check bloomberg world news. Both sides are showing willingness to cover mys in the greek allow talks. Compromise in the greek bailout talks. He says he seeking a new contract. Were talking about the eventuality of striking an agreement to reach this bridge agreement that will lead us to a new social contract with our European Partners within six months. The contract for growth, for social cohesion, and forgetting greece out of the crisis. The Prime Minister wants to ease the terms of the bailout deal, which he says has ruined greases economy. According to two officials greeces economy. According to two officials, they will not insist that they live up to all the terms of the agreement. Rebel schelling has been reported around separatist held cities in the eastern part of the country. The ceasefire is not beginning until sunday, but there are concerns about whether the deal will come. Thats the latest world news. We have another update coming up in 45 minutes past the hour. Argentinas president is facing charges in and alleged attempt to cover up iranian involvement in a deadly 1994 bombing in buenos aires. The charges come almost a month after the original prosecutor in the case was found dead in his apartment. Catch it covers argentina for bloomberg news. She joins me in studio. What is the significance of this . It may bring some accountability. First of all, this is a big deal that the president is being charged. We have to see exactly what that means in terms of being convicted or an investigation or being arrested. In order for anything to proceed, judge has to pick up the case and the congress has to remove for immunity. Much like an impeachment process, except that charges can actually be put into force. This is a bit of a relief to argentines who lives in a place where accountability isnt necessarily given. This is a place that suffered an eight under a dictatorship with many people that disappeared. It took a long time for people to be held responsible for their actions. The fact that someone has picked this up and put charges against her group could provide relief. What has been the response from the government. . Theyre calling it a coup attempt. Its organized to bring down the government. The allegations are completely unfounded. What are argentines saying . They are definitely moved by this. There is going to be a march against the government in a few days. Right in front of the president ial palace, which will have opposition leaders and argentines. Weve already seen marches from them demanding justice. This is not a small deal, its a very big deal. Inflation is really high, in the 30s. 30 . The economy is slowing, its going to be in session for another year in a row. What about the Political Landscape . What does this mean for the president . We should mention her term in office ended december. This probably wont and up in early elections. Its going to be its unlikely they will have early elections. This may sway votes towards the opposition, and not just towards political leaders like the governor who is in her party but seems to be more market friendly. Perhaps towards people like the mayor who is much more market friendly and perceived to really want to completely overhaul her policies. Thank you so much. Still ahead, crude oil prices are in rebound mode. We get a commodities check when bottom line, continues. Once you get people connected, how do you use that power . Emily chang sits down with Mark Zuckerberg to discuss internet. Org. Is this a nonprofit . If we were primarily focused on profit, the most reasonable thing to do would be to focus on the people using the product. Technology news to serve everyone. Studio 1. 0, Mark Zuckerberg, thursday 30. Coming up, peter cook has an exclusive interview with congressman paul ryan the new chairman of the house ways and means committee. He could be a key player in determining whether president obama gets anything done in his final two years in office. You can see peters interview on streets smart. Only on bloomberg. Its time now for the commodities report. Su keenan is in the news room with the details. Big gains in oil futures rallying for a second day. Crude back above the 60 mark. This is the first time weve seen that. What weve got is we were off the high of the session that runs above the 53 mark. Up some 2 , and began the we get 50. We are on track for again. The worst of the supply fears are over, and that the decline in u. S. Drilling will slow crude output. Just days after that reality check we got on wednesday supplies are currently above the high. The wild ride you see there in that chart for this weeks oil trade. If you look at traders out there and veterans, the general view is that the market overreacted to the down slide in recent weeks. Its now starting to price and supply risk in a more rational manner. They call this oil seeking a new trading level. Later on the fact you have bad weather in a rock that is slowing oil delivery, about a million barrel a day deficit for february, and their strong support for the rally as we head out towards the weekend. According to jp morgan chase, oil rebound in the second half of the year as low prices, low supply and stimulate demand. Weve been seeing a lot of green on the screen. Why are we seeing a most every commodity on the rise . Some of it has to do with the dollar. But a lot of supportive factors there that are related to demand. We are also seeing a decent rally in orange juice in florida, even though the low weekend temperatures are expected to damage crops, there may be a psychological trade there. That Weak Consumer Confidence data as a demand for gold. And then of course, we have valentines day, which brings us to the evidence that investors may have fallen out of love with gold, but the combo of love in the air is pushing jewelry sales for valentines day to the highest and at least five years. Im the i know that at least your purchases alone had to bump up the numbers. [laughter] coming up, sports and the digital age. How sports goes hightech, coming up. We are standing by for the president of United States, he is scheduled to address the white house Cyber Security and Consumer Protection summit in california. We have that when it happens. Welcome to the second half hour of bottom line on bloomberg television. I am mark crumpton. Thanks for staying with us. We are waiting for the president of the United States. He will be addressing a Cyber Security summit. The president is expected to speak in a few minutes. We will, of course, bring you the president s remarks live. Lets bring you some of our top stores this friday. Lets check the price of crude oil. Crude up two quarters of a percent today. For the week crude was up 1. 9 at 52. 62 52. 62. A check of the screen. You are seeing 2991 for the s p 500, up just over half of a percent. The Dow Jones Industrial and the nasdaq are both higher as well. Consumers not as confident about the economy as they were just a month ago. The Consumer Sentiment index fell after setting and 11year high in january. Gas prices have risen since hitting a sixyear low. More misery in store for the city of boston. Boston may get another 15 inches of snow starting on saturday. The mayor is recommending that the highway be shut down. Is that is the latest news on this friday the 13th. Bloomberg Market Makers anchor Stephanie Ruhle and correspondent spoke about sports in the digital age. Basketball even though the teams here do not win . Yeah, we had a couple of tough seasons. Still, Madison Square garden is the place where we can think about basketball. It is kind of exciting. Going to two different cities and two different places. Offering this digital experience, do you see yourself making turner a destination where you will be streaming eventually . We stream now. You can get the games anywhere without satellite and cloud partners. You can stream the game as well as long as you authenticate. Nba. Com has highlights, clips will you ever go directly to the consumer . I think eventually. Listen subscription will be an interesting part of our business for the future. I think you will have some cord shavers. That will go down, take a smaller package. We have got to get ourselves to a direct consumer situation, not to hurt our relationship with the Cable Operators at all, but to do both. It is a new world over. Some of your competitors have been over the top now. It has been over the top for years. But, talking about the turner properties, we are part of the sling tv package with dish for our Fiber Networks including adult swim, but that does not affect the data. I need to be in the smaller packages as well as the larger packages and if i can do both where would you rather be . With sports acquisition costs the way they are, why cant you come up with a walking dead of your own . [applause] i would like to do both. Cant i do both . No one watches people are going to tune in to watch the live event. That is something that you cannot replicate or change. It will get you advertising dollars. And it will work on mobile or any other device. Does it matter what you have to pay for sports programming. Those numbers keep getting higher . And that cost does come down to me at home. I cant say what time warner is charging youre not charging. Listen, every single sports feel we would do at turner and im sure every company, you have financial responsibilities. At the end of that deal, we want to make a profit. We make a profit either through our Digital Assets our mobile assets, our substantial revenue, are advertising dollars, our offsites, the fashion shows, the marketing we do. We figure out how to encompass all of it and make money from it. What is the next big sports ready package you want to bring to tbs . We would love to hopefully bring back the nfl, hopefully, financially to our network. Hopefully that becomes available at some point realistically it is not going to become available. [laughter] i hope so. They will say, no, it is not. The networks will jump right back in. They see the value in the nfl. The nfl is still the largest way to accumulate audiences, right question mark is probably the best Sports Properties from a standpoint of ratings in the business. So, in canada, if they buy the team that is where we are headed, right question mark everything is mobile, mobile . Our company is really focused we go live to california where president obama is delivering remarks at the white house summit on Cyber Security and Consumer Protection. So, i had always heard about this campus and everyone is riding bikes and people popping in to the current holder of the ax. [cheering] this is the place that made nerd cool. [laughter] i was thinking of wearing some black rim glasses, tape in the middle. I guess that is not what you do anymore. [laughter] they said, if you go to stanford say talk nerdy to me. [laughter] but i am not just here to enjoy myself. As we gather here today, america has seen incredible progress we can all be proud of. We just had the last year of job growth since the 1990s. [applause] over the past 89 months our businesses 59 months, our businesses have created 12 million new jobs, the largest streak of privatesector job growth on record and a hopeful sign for middleclass families. Wages are beginning to rise again. We are to and more to prepare our young people for a competitive world. Our High School Graduation rate is an alltime high read more americans finishing college than ever before. At stanford and across the country we have the best universities, the best scientists, the best researchers in the world. We have the most dynamic economy in the world. There is no better place than this region. So, make no mistake. More than any other nation on earth the United States is positioned to lead in the 21st century. And so much of our economic competitiveness is tied to what we are talking about today, and that is americas leadership in the digital economy. It is almost unique across the planet. Our ability to innovate and to learn and to discover and create and build a new Business Online that stretches the boundaries of what is possible. That is what drives us. When we had to decide where to have this summit, the decision was easy. Because so much of our Information Age began right here, at stanford. It was here where two students hewlett and packard met graduated, started a company that eventually built one of the first personal and pewters weighing in at 40 pounds. [laughter] it was from here in 1968 where a researcher douglas englehart astonished an audience with two computers connected online and hypertext you could click on with something called a mouse. A year later, a computer here received the first message from another computer 350 miles away and the beginnings of what would eventually become the internet. And by the way, it is no secret many of these innovations built on governmentfunded research is one of the reasons that if we want to maintain our Economic Leadership in the world, america has to keep investing in basic research in science and technology. Its absolutely critical. [applause] so, it are at stanford, pioneers developed protocols and the architecture of the internet dsl the first webpage in america. Innovations for cloud computing. Student projects here became yahoo and google. Those were pretty good student projects. [laughter] graduates have gone on to create and build thousands of companies that have shaped our digital societies, from cisco to sun microsystems, youtube to instagram, stub hub and according to one study, if you traced all of those Companies Back to the place of their creation, you would be the number one city in the country and have a pretty Good Football Team as well. [applause] today with your new programs you are helping us navigate some of the most obligated Cyber Security challenges we face as a nation. I want to thank all of you who joined us today. Members of Congress Representatives from the private sector, government academia policy and consumer groups, and especially the students. And just as we are all connected like never before, we have to Work Together like never before to seize opportunities, but also meet the challenges of this Information Age. It is one of the great paradoxes of our time that the very technologies that empower us can also be used to undermine us and inflict great harm. The same Information Technology that can help make our military the most advanced in the world are targeted by hackers in china and russia to go after systems that are built for our troops. The same social media we use in government to advocate for democracy and human rights around the world can also be used like terrorists to spread hateful ideologies. These Cyber Threats are a challenge to our national security. Much of our Critical Infrastructure, our financial systems, our power grid tech systems work on systems that are connected to the internet, which is hugely empowering, but also dangerous and creates new points about ability that we did not have before new points of vulnerability that we did not have before. For governments and criminals are probing the systems every single day. We only have to think of reallife examples an air Traffic Control system going down and disrupting flights or blackouts that plunge cities into darkness. And imagine what a set of systematic cyberattacks might do. This is also a matter of public safety. As a nation we do more Business Online than ever before. Trillions of dollars a year, and Hightech Industries like those across the valley support millions of american jobs. All of this under the enormous competitive advantage of the local economy and for that very reason American Companies are being targeted, their trade season their trade secrets stolen there intellectual properties their intellectual properties stolen. The sony cyber attack expose the information of american employees. These attacks are hurting companies and threatening jobs. This is also a threat to americas Economic Security. As consumers, we do more online than ever before. We manage our bank accounts, we shop, we pay our bills, we handle a record we handle our medical records. As a country, some of the greatest resources are the young people here today. Digitally fearless and unencumbered by convention and they are remaking the world every day. But it also means that this problem of how we secure this Digital World is only going to increase. I want more americans succeeding in our Digital World. I want more young people like you to launch the next wave of innovation and launch the next startups and give more americans the tools to start new jobs and businesses and to expand connectivity in places we really cannot imagine to help open up new worlds and new experiences empower individuals and ways that would seem unimaginable 10, 15, 20 years ago. That is why we are working to connect 99 of americas students to highspeed internet. That is why we are helping more communities get across to the next generation of broadband faster with cheaper internet so students and entrepreneurs and Small Businesses across america not just in pockets of america have the same opportunities to learn and compete as you do here in the valley. It is why i have come out so strongly and publicly for net neutrality. For an open and free internet. [applause] because we have got to preserve one of the greatest engines for human creativity in Human History. Connectivity rings extort neri benefits to our daily lives, but it also brings risks. When a company gets hacked, information, including financial information, get stolen. Identity theft can ruin your Credit Rating and turn your life upside down. Recent reaches more in recent breaches more than 100 million americans had their information compromise including credit card information. We want our children to go online but we want them to be safe and not have their privacy violated. It is a direct threat to American Families and the wellbeing of our children. Which means we have got to put in place mechanisms to protect them. Shortly after i took office before i had gray hair [laughter] i said these Cyber Threats were one of the most serious Economic Security challenges we had as a nation and i made confronting them a priority. Given the complexity of these threats, i believe we have to be guided by some basic and symbols. Let me share these with you today. First there has to be a shared mission. So much of our networks and Critical Infrastructure are in the private sector, which means government cannot do this alone. The fact is the private sector cannot do it alone either, because government often has the latest information on these threats. Theres only one way to defend america from the Cyber Threats, and that is for government and industry working together sharing appropriate information as true partners. Second, we have to focus on our unique string strengths. It is not possible for government to secure the Computer Networks of private businesses. Many of the companies here today are cuttingedge. But the private sector does not always have the capabilities needed during these Cyber Attacks the Situational Awareness or the ability to warn other companies in real or the capacity to coordinate responses across sectors. So, we have to be smart and effective about what each sector does best and then do it together. Third, were going to have to constantly of all. The first computer viruses hit personal computers in the early 1980s, and essentially we have been in a cyber arms race ever since. We design new defenses and then hackers and criminals design new ways to penetrate them. Whether it is phishing or botnets, spyware, malware, ran someware. We have to be nimble in constantly evolving our defenses. Fourth and most importantly, in all of our work we have to make sure we are protecting the privacy and the Civil Liberties of the American People. We grapple with these issues as a government. We pursued important reforms to make sure we are respecting peoples right to see as well as national security. Consumers deserve to know their information will be protected. When government and industry shares information about Cyber Threats, we have to do so in a way that safeguards your personal information. When people go online we should not have to forfeit the basic privacy we are entitled to as americans. In recent years, we have worked to put these principles into practice and as part of our conference of strategy we have boosted our defenses in government, we are sharing more information with the private sector to help those companies defend themselves. We are working with industry to use what we call a Cyber Security framework to prevent, the sponsor to, and recover from attacks when they happen to rick and by the way, i when they happen. By the way i recently went to part of the Homeland Security where experts monitors Cyber Networks 24 7. Defending against Cyber Threats just like terrorism or other threats, is one more reason we are calling on congress not to engage in politics, but work to make sure our security is safeguarded and fully funded and the department of Homeland Security because it has great responsibilities in this area. We are making progress. I have recently announced new actions. We are called for a Single National standard so americans know within 30 days of your information has if your information has been stolen. We will be proposing legislation called the Consumer Privacy bill of rights to give consumers baseline protections like what personal Data Companies collect from you and the right to know how they are using that information. We proposed to be student Digital Privacy act which is modeled on the landmark law here in california, that the Amazing Technology should be used to teach students and not be used to collect information for marketing to students. And we are proposing legislation to promote greater information sharing between government and the private sector, including Liability Protections for companies that share information about Cyber Attacks. Today i am once again calling on congress to get together and get this done. This week, we announced the creation of our new Cyber Threat Intelligence integration center, just like integration center. Just like we do with terrorist threats, we will have a single analyst quickly sharing information across government so we can act on those threats even faster. And today we are taking an additional step which is why there is a desk here. You were wondering, i am sure. I am signing a new executive order to promote more information about Cyber Threats both within the private sector and between government and the private sector. It will encourage more hubs so you can share information with each other. It will call for a common set of standards, including protections for privacy and Civil Liberties so the government can share threat information with these hubs were easily. And it can help make it easier companies to get the classified Cyber Security threat information they need to protect their companies. I want to acknowledge by the Way Companies are stepping up. The Cyber Alliance that includes Companies Like symantec will be working with us. We have couples from apple to intel, from bank of america to pg e, who will use the Cyber Security framework to strengthen their own defenses. As part of our bisecure Buysecure Initiative Companies Like visa and American Express will be making sure are more secure. Consumers will be given free access to their credit scores. And companies will use stronger authentication technologies like biometrics because it is just too easy for hackers to figure out usernames and passwords like password. [laughter] or 123457. [laughter] those are some of my previous passwords. [laughter] i have changed them since then. So this summit is an example of what we need more off, working together to do what none of us can achieve alone. And it is difficult. Some of the challenges i have described today have defied solutions for years. And i want to say very clearly as someone who is a former constitutional law teacher and someone who deeply values his privacy and his familys privacy although a chose the wrong job for that [laughter] but will be a private citizen again and cares deeply about this, i have to tell you grappling with how government protects the American People from adverse events, while at the same time making sure that the government itself is not abusing its capabilities, is hard. The cyber world is the wild, wild west. To some degree we are asked to be the sheriff. When Something Like sony happens, people want to know what government can do about this. If information is being shared with terrorists in the cyber world and an attack happens, people want to know is there a way to stop that attack from happening . By necessity government has its own significant capabilities in the cyber world, but then people rightly ask what safeguards do we have against government intruding on our own privacy . And its hard. And it constantly evolves, because the technology so often outstrips whatever rules and structures and standards have been put in place. Which means that government has to be constantly selfcritical and we have to have an open debate about it. But we are all here today because we know we will break through some of these barriers if we are going to continue to thrive in this remarkable new world. We all know what we need to do. We need stronger defenses. We need to make cyberspace safer. We need to improve cooperation across the board. And by the way, this is not just here in america, but internationally. Which also by the way, makes things come to get a because a lot of countries do not necessarily share our invest in or our investment for our commitment to openness and we have to try to navigate that. This should not be an ideological issue. That is one thing i want to emphasize. This is not a democratic issue or a republican issue. This is not a liberal or conservative issue. Everybody is online and everybody is vulnerable. The Business Leaders here want their privacy and their children protected just like the Consumer Privacy advocates want america to keep eating the world in technology and be safe from attacks. Keep leaving the world in technology and be safe from attacks. I hope the work that we do today and subsequently, we are able to generate ideas and best practices and the work of the summit can help guide our planning and execution for years to come. After all, we are just getting started. Think about it. Tim bernerslee from his lab in switzerland invented the World Wide Web in 1989. If you think about ethics and Human History the bronze age, iron age they asked they they spanned centuries. We are only a few years into this internet age. We have only scratched the surface. And as i guess they say at google, the future is awesome. [laughter] we have not even begun to imagine the discoveries and innovations that will be released in the decades to come. Reflecting on his work in the 1960s on arcnet, the precursor of the internet, the late paul baron said this paul behrens said this it is like the work of a cathedral. Over the course of hundreds of years, more people come along and each lays a block on the foundation, each saying i built the cathedral. Then comes an historian who says, who built the cathedral . And he says if youre not careful, you can con yourself into believing you did the most important part. But everything is tied to everything else. Everything is tied to everything else
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