continues, the bank of england is forced to step in — again. let's start with the war in ukraine — we've seen a second day of russian missile strikes across the country. have a look at this map. it shows all the places that have been hit since monday morning. we'll take a closer look at the damage done in a moment. but first, let's look at the international response. an emergency meeting of g7 leaders — that's the group of rich countries — has warned russia that irresponsible nuclear rhetoric is threatening global peace. ukraine's president, volodymyr zelensky, had this message. translation: i ask you to increase yourjoint efforts to help _ financially to create the air shield for ukraine. millions of people will be grateful to the group of seven. now this is the statement issued by the g7 after its meeting... these pictures released earlier by the russian ministry of defence show a little of what's been going on. more cruise missiles launched — what they describe as a "massive air and sea" operation in ukraine. here's the view of nato — the military alliance of countries. i welcome the recent announcements by allies to provide more advanced air defence systems, and other capabilities to ukraine. and i look forward to further deliveries. our message is clear — nato stands with ukraine for as long as it takes. president putin started this war — he must end it by withdrawing his forces from ukraine. so let's take a closer look at the cities in ukraine that have been hit. lviv — in the west — was one of them. it's been rarely targeted in the past. this is its mayor. the russian attack destroyed four l electrical stations in the region, i and we have problems today at this | moment with water and electricity, i and other service - rebuilding situations. we've also seen these pictures from the capital kyiv, where air raid sirens sounded again on tuesday morning. you can see people taking shelter in the city's metro system. and this is one of those residents who went underground. translation: we had the rocket strikes yesterday, and it felt - like what happened when russia invaded on 2a february. i got scared, because we didn't think it would happen again in the centre of the city. i was surprised that they weren't targeting infrastructure. it's terrorism. it makes you realise you're not safe at home, even if there isn't any infrastructure nearby to target. two walls and a basement aren't going to be enough to save you. and here's our correspondent in the capital, hugo bachega. ukrainians have gone to underground shelters across the country, just like us here in the capital, kyiv, as the air raid sirens are warning of possible attacks went off at around 8am in the morning. the ukrainian emergency services then sent an alert to everybody�*s phones, telling people to stay in shelters and to not ignore air raid alerts. this happens a day after russia carried out the biggest air strikes across the country since the early days of the war. here in kyiv, the city centre was hit for the first time in this war, and civilian infrastructure across the country was hit — cities like lviv, in the west, dnipro and kharkiv, which is the second—largest city in the northeast, were also attacked. now these strikes had the intention to shake the feeling of normality in many places, including here in kyiv. the southern city of zaphorizhia has also suffered sustained bombing in recent days. missiles are reported to have targeted schools, medicalfacilities and residential homes. these are the latest pictures from there. and this is the position from the un human rights office. we are gravely concerned that some of the attacks appear to have targeted critical civilian infrastructure. many civilian objects, including dozens of residential buildings and vital civilian infrastructure, including at least 12 energy facilities, were damaged or destroyed in eight regions — indicating that these strikes may have violated the principles on the conduct of hostilities under international humanitarian law. remember, the city of zaporizhzhia is also significant because of a nuclear power plant there. this is it — it's europe's largest. it was captured by the russians early on in the invasion. it's still operated by ukrainian staff though. and now, ukraine's state energy agency says that the plant's deputy head, valeriy martynyuk, has been kidnapped by russian forces. it said "they keep holding him at an unknown location", though there's been no comment from the russian defence ministry on this. this all comes as president putin meets with the head of the un's nuclear watchdog — the international atomic energy agency — they're meeting in st petersburg. translation: we are ready to discuss all issues of mutual interest _ or cause of concern. for example, the situation around the zaporizhzhia power plant. - we are open to this dialogue and glad to see you. - several major developments in ukraine today. let's go live to kyiv and speak to ihor zhovka, deputy head of president zelensky�*s office. thank you so much for coming on the programme. let's start with the missiles that have been landing on various cities right across ukraine — what does this show from your perspective? is this a show of russian strength?— perspective? is this a show of russian strength? this is a show of russian strength? this is a show of russian weakness _ russian strength? this is a show of russian weakness because - russian strength? this is a show of russian weakness because russia i russian strength? this is a show of| russian weakness because russia is frightened of... children's frightened of... child ren�*s playgrounds frightened of... children's playgrounds come up with men, women and children. this is to show and cause panic amongst ukrainian citizens for two days, but ukrainians showed instead as they are not panicking, they are concentrated, each and everyone knows what to do, and definitely we will withstand all of these attacks some point there's no doubt about the ukrainian forces and bravery, but what do you make of the g7 group of wealthy nations and their talks today, of wealthy nations and their talks toda , ., ., today, and indeed for the international _ today, and indeed for the international support - today, and indeed for the | international support right today, and indeed for the - international support right now? today, and indeed for the _ international support right now? the g7 international support right now? tie: g7 meeting international support right now? tte: g7 meeting up today it was convened on the request of president zelensky, and president putin was thankful today that all the g7 leaders convened this meeting just in order to react to several russian reactions democrat actions, including the illegal annexation of some parts of ukrainian territory, and the recent missile attacks on ukraine. my president was speaking to g7 leaders with urgency, that we badly need the mortar and ar defence systems. imagine if now we had enough air defence systems, not only would we managed to dodge half the missiles come up almost ioo%. that's why we badly need the long range, middle range air defence missile system in order to be more safe and secure. �* .., system in order to be more safe and secure. �* i. , ., , secure. but can you understand why there might — secure. but can you understand why there might be _ secure. but can you understand why there might be some _ secure. but can you understand why there might be some hesitancy, - secure. but can you understand why l there might be some hesitancy, some reluctance? because those longer—range protective systems could escalate the conflict. i longer-range protective systems could escalate the conflict. i would not say reluctance, _ could escalate the conflict. i would not say reluctance, it's _ could escalate the conflict. i would not say reluctance, it's more - not say reluctance, it's more bureaucracy and lack of courage to take the bolder decisions. but ukrainians do not intend to have anything but to retake the territories from ukraine as of 1991, it's very simple. in order to have this, we need the air defence systems to help win the war. 50 this, we need the air defence systems to help win the war. so air defence systems _ systems to help win the war. so air defence systems are _ systems to help win the war. so air defence systems are clearly - systems to help win the war. so air| defence systems are clearly actually vital, ijust want defence systems are clearly actually vital, i just want to ask you, and i know you won't be revealing military strategy live on air to me now, but the importance of capturing land before winter sets in — do you have a timetable, deadlines for advances that you would like to make? is that you would like to make? t3 probably very difficult to set deadlines during the war, but what i can tell you here openly in public, definitely ukraine will go on with its counteroffensive. we are in areas in the east and south of ukraine, and we will do it more and more. . ~' ukraine, and we will do it more and more. ., ~ i. ukraine, and we will do it more and more. . ~ ,, y ukraine, and we will do it more and more. ., ~ i. , . ukraine, and we will do it more and more. . ~' ,, y . ., more. thank you very much for joining us _ more. thank you very much for joining us on — more. thank you very much for joining us on the _ more. thank you very much for joining us on the programme, l more. thank you very much for- joining us on the programme, thank you. joining us on the programme, thank ou. . ~' joining us on the programme, thank ou. . ~ , ., let's look at the economy now — we'll look at the latest predictions for how the global economy is doing in a moment. first here in the uk — the central bank, the bank of england, has again stepped in to try to calm things down. it says it will buy more government bonds after warning of a "material risk" to financial stability. uk bonds are also known as gilts — they're basically government ious that allow the government to raise money by borrowing from investors. the bank's move is part of its emergency scheme which started after last month's mini—budget — when the government's plan for large tax cuts without explaining how they would be paid for spooked markets and drove up borrowing costs. those costs rose sharply again yesterday. our business correspondent ben king explains. so here's a graph of one of the bonds that's been getting the bank of england cosmic attention today. now if you look from 23 september, the day of the many budget, this line had starkly upwards — that's a sign of people losing confidence in this market, trying to sell these bombs as quickly as they can. —— heads starkly upwards. to the point at the 28th, the bank of england feels it has to intervene to try and bring this graph back down and return in order to the market. now that works for a while, but over october, this line starts heading back up again — a sign that fear is returning to the market to the point where the bank of england has had to intervene once more. so why has all this happened? here's somone from a financial asset management company to help. the many budget has directly caused this disruption in the guilt markets dash one — this disruption in the guilt markets dash one. and the reason for that is these _ dash one. and the reason for that is these unfunded tax cuts dash to markets — these unfunded tax cuts dash to markets. you can look around at other_ markets. you can look around at other government markets around the world, _ other government markets around the world, and _ other government markets around the world, and they haven't moved to this degree. this all comes as finance minister, the chancellor kwasi kwarteng, has been answering questions in the house of commons. and some of them were certainly tough — this from the shadow chancellor, rachel reeves. this is a british crisis made in downing street. no other government is sabotaging their own country's economic credibility as this government is. so mr speaker, can i ask, are the chancellor and prime minister the last people left on earth who actually think that their plan is working? but the chancellor defended his record and gave his view of the international monetary fund's report. the imf said today that actually, the mini — the imf said today that actually, the mini budget has increased the forecast _ the mini budget has increased the forecast for good. that's exactly — that's_ forecast for good. that's exactly — that's precisely the opposite of what _ that's precisely the opposite of what the honourable lady has said. and it's _ what the honourable lady has said. and it's very clear where we stand on this _ and it's very clear where we stand on this. we've got progrowth, pro—enterprise, pro—business and conservative someone side, and the antigrowth _ conservative someone side, and the antigrowth coalition on the other side who— antigrowth coalition on the other side who want to tax more and want low growth — he mentioned a report from the international monetary fund there. we'll come back to that later. but before that, the repected think tank, the institute for fiscal studies, has warned the chancellor will need to make some painful spending cuts, amounting to £60 billion — or $69 billion — annually within five years. one of the problems the government faces is we've had a decade or more of really tight spending settlements. we are still spending less on public services than we were just over a decade ago, so we aren't going into a new period with much fat to trim. the think—tank laid out some options, if the government doesn't reverse the tax cuts announced. instead it could — save £13 billion by only increasing working—age benefits in line with average earnings, rather than the actual rising cost of living, for two years. save £14 billion by limiting public investment to 2% of national income. and £35 billion by cutting all government departments' spending by 15%, except health and defence. let's hear now from dr leah downey, who's a political economist at the university of cambridge and sheffield political economy research institute. thank you for coming on the programme. thank you for coming on the programme-— thank you for coming on the rouramme. ., ~ i. ., ., programme. thank you for having me. so lots of programme. thank you for having me. 50 lots of big — programme. thank you for having me. so lots of big economic _ programme. thank you for having me. so lots of big economic news - programme. thank you for having me. so lots of big economic news and - so lots of big economic news and developments today. where do we sit with this bank of england intervention, what do you make of it? �* , , ., , , ., it? it's been really interesting to see how the _ it? it's been really interesting to see how the bank _ it? it's been really interesting to see how the bank and _ it? it's been really interesting to see how the bank and the - it? it's been really interesting to - see how the bank and the government have interacted over all of this. as you mentioned, they got involved quite soon after the mini budget, announcing they would buy gilts to quell the volatility in the market. but monday they announced two things — one, that their emergency interventions would end on 1a october as planned, and also that for the remaining few days of this week, they would buy up to £10 billion each day in gilts. now the second part of that isn't really a huge deal because it didn't actually change the total amount available, the £65 billion. but what i think markets were making that's reacting to more was that the emergency facility would close as planned on 14 facility would close as planned on 1a october. now they did try and moderate this announcement with a new temporary expanded collateral repo facility that they announced, which essentially means that they said, "while we won't be buying gilts on the market by friday, we will lend money the banks on externally favourable terms." 50 externally favourable terms. " so that externally favourable terms." so that kind of promise, has it effectively done enough, do you think this will work? it’s effectively done enough, do you think this will work?— think this will work? it's a great ruestion. think this will work? it's a great question- i _ think this will work? it's a great question. i think— think this will work? it's a great question. i think it _ think this will work? it's a great question. i think it depends - think this will work? it's a great question. i think it depends on | think this will work? it's a great - question. i think it depends on what we mean by work — ultimately what the markets are reacting to is the government's budget. so there's nothing the bank can do to answer the questions the markets want answered, those need to come from the government. but there can —— they can essentially buy time, and i think that's what they're trying to do. , dr downey, do stay with us. i want to look at what the international monetary fund has said today. it now thinks the global economy will grow less than expected next year. it's cut global growth forecast for 2023, due to things like the war in ukraine, high energy and food prices, inflation and sharply higher interest rates. this is now its forecast for next year — 2.7% growth, down from its july forecast of 2.9%. it says there's a 25% chance growth could fall below 2%. let's hear what the imf�*s chief economist had to say. the 2023 slow down will be broad—based, with countries accounting for a third of the global economy— accounting for a third of the global economy expected to contract this year or— economy expected to contract this year or next. the three largest economies— year or next. the three largest economies — the united states, china, — economies — the united states, china, and _ economies — the united states, china, and the euro area — will continue — china, and the euro area — will continue to— china, and the euro area — will continue to stall. in short, the worst— continue to stall. in short, the worst is— continue to stall. in short, the worst is yet to come, and for many people. _ worst is yet to come, and for many people, 2023 will feel like a recession. let's go back to dr leah downey. that was pretty gloomy even if a technical recession in a lot of countries will be avoided, it'll feel like that was actually happening and lots of countries. that's exactly right, it's not looking very good at the moment. find looking very good at the moment. and thin . s looking very good at the moment. and things like inflation, which will obviously mean people paying higher prices for things, that hurts them in their wallet — how successful, what kind of timeline could we look at of governments trying to bring that under control? it’s at of governments trying to bring that under control?— that under control? it's very difficult to predict _ that under control? it's very difficult to predict these - that under control? it's very i difficult to predict these things because the problem is, it's not like predicting the weather. what we do in the interim really matters, so this is why we see the imf commenting on the government's budget, because they are worried that the actions the uk government is planning to take will actually spark more inflation, which will make the bank of england's job harder. so now we have the government and the bank of england working against one another. so it's hard to predict how that will play out in the next six months to a year. but if the government persists and can't find the cuts it needs, or they are politically rejected, then inflation may get worse.- inflation may get worse. doctor, thank ou inflation may get worse. doctor, thank you so _ inflation may get worse. doctor, thank you so much _ inflation may get worse. doctor, thank you so much for— inflation may get worse. doctor, thank you so much for coming i inflation may get worse. doctor, | thank you so much for coming on inflation may get worse. doctor, - thank you so much for coming on and explaining all that to us.— explaining all that to us. thank ou. turning to iran now, where security forces are intensifying their crackdown on protestors, and demonstrations are reported to have spread to iran's energy sector. we'll look at why that's significant in a moment. first clashes between security forces and protestors have been particularly violent in the western province of kurdistan. this was the scene overnight in the kurdish city of sanan—daj. you can hear gunfire as the authorities move in to try to get people off the streets. iran's kurdistan region was home to mahsa amini, the young woman whose death in police custody sparked the protests. she was detained by iran's "morality police" for allegedly breaking the country's strict dress code. the iranian authorities claim a pre—existing condition caused mahsa's death — but her family say they aren't telling the truth. mahsa's father, amjad amini, has been speaking to my colleague yalda hakim. translation: the documents the authori is translation: the documents the authority is her— translation: the documents the authority is her showing _ translation: the documents the authority is her showing her - translation: the documents the authority is her showing her fake. l authority is her showing herfake. they are lying, she did not have any health issues. she only had surgery to remove a cyst from her left eye 15 years ago. i don't know how they come up with these lies. i reject them all. my daughter was beaten, and that's the reason she died. this is what one of the specialist publicly said. he said she was beaten — if the officials were right, why didn't they let me see her body for the last time before the burial? mr amini also told us about he final memories of his daughter. translation: i remember her eyes when she said _ translation: i remember her eyes when she said goodbye _ translation: i remember her eyes when she said goodbye to _ translation: i remember her eyes when she said goodbye to me - translation: i remember her eyes when she said goodbye to me for. translation: i remember her eyes| when she said goodbye to me for the last time. she was an angel, she was about to start at university. i thank everyone who supported us over the last month. now in a significant move, oil workers appear to have joined the protests sparked by mahsa's death. they're staging a strike for a second day. this video appears to show employees at the booshee—huhr petrochemical plant blocking a road leading to the refinery. protests have also been reported at the abadan and kangan oil refineries in southwest iran. officials in iran have denied the strikes were about the death of mahsa amini. so what makes this so important? well iran's energy sector is vital to the country's economy, which is crippled by western sanctions. iran relies heavily on the revenues from petroleum. the latest available data shows crude oil export revenue accounted for nearly 40% of iran's total government revenues. that's from imf data in 2017. and the oil industry played a key role in the iranian revolution of 1979. mass protests and strikes by oil workers helped launch the movement, that propelled the shi'ite clergy to power. well, for more on what kind of impact these strikes could have, i'm joined now by nadereh chamlou. she's a nonresident senior fellow at the atlantic council — an american thinktank on international affairs — and a former senior adviser at the world bank. thank you so much for coming on the programme. so we willjust try to fix a problem with their sound, i think we should be ok. but ijust want to caveat something first, which as we are getting these reports of strikes and it's difficult to completely establish how the strikes originated and what they are about, some reports that it's about pay, others at the strikes have been moving onto the issue of the protests that have spread across iran. but regardless of that, talk about the psychological impact of these strikes. , ~ , psychological impact of these strikes. , ,, strikes. indeed, the strikes of course have — strikes. indeed, the strikes of course have an _ strikes. indeed, the strikes of course have an economic- strikes. indeed, the strikes of - course have an economic element in the sense that they will impact the economic performance or well—being of the state. but most importantly, they have a very important psychological impact on the protests. because up to the last few days, everyone has been calling for strikes, and only small—scale or shops have gone on strike, certainly in the larger cities. but no big scale industry has started with strikes. the strikes started with the contract workers in the phase two refinery which is still under construction, so it's not operating yet. but nonetheless it has spread to others, the psychological barrier has been broken, and it has now spread to other in democrat entities —— entities. it’s spread to other in democrat entities -- entities-— -- entities. it's usually emotionally _ -- entities. it's usually emotionally relevant . -- entities. it's usually| emotionally relevant to -- entities. it's usually - emotionally relevant to those in iran, what's your reaction to the widespread protests across the country, given they've been so unexpected by some?- country, given they've been so unexpected by some? yes, on the one hand they are — unexpected by some? yes, on the one hand they are unexpected _ unexpected by some? yes, on the one hand they are unexpected come - unexpected by some? yes, on the one hand they are unexpected come up on | hand they are unexpected come up on the other hand it has been brewing for decades. and in this context, it is not unexpected because one could feel the anger and frustration of the young population, as well as the older population with the situation in iran. so hejust needed a little spark, and that spark was provided tjy spark, and that spark was provided by the untimely and her death of mahsa amini. and the islamic republic certainly overplayed its hand and dug its own grave by the actions it took with mahsa amini. i've got tojump in actions it took with mahsa amini. i've got to jump in there because that was a very significant thing you said there, what do you think happens next? do you think this could be terminalfor the regime? absolutely, i think this is a genie that's gotten out of the bottle and won't be going back. it's not possible to go back to of the day before. there have been many posts by people saying" we just can't go back to the day before these things happened," because there are so many young people that have forced the elder generation to really face the realities, and it's given them a lot of courage to fight. the train has left the station.— left the station. thank you very much for coming _ left the station. thank you very much for coming on _ left the station. thank you very much for coming on the - left the station. thank you very - much for coming on the programme and giving us your perspective, we appreciate it, thank you. you can reach me on twitter — i'm @lvaughanjones. this is bbc news. hello. last night was a chilly one across england and wales, many areas seeing temperatures falling down to the lower end of single figures and some spots seeing temperatures dip below freezing. —1.2 was the coldest place and that was benson in rural oxfordshire. more cloud around, though, as we start off this tuesday night, and i think it will fill in all areas pretty much, bar the southeast of england and east anglia, by the end of the night. so these are the areas that we are looking at for a risk of some frost into the small hours of wednesday. elsewhere, the breeze picking up, more cloud and the cloud—bearing rain for scotland and northern ireland, but temperatures here in double figures. it will be a gray and wet start to wednesday for northern ireland and scotland, but northern ireland should brighten up pretty quickly, actually. i think by mid—morning, we'll be into some sunshine here. the rain pulls away from northern scotland by then as well. just a chance of some of the cloud and rain hanging back across eastern reaches of scotland into wednesday afternoon, but we'll see the front by then across northern england, fringing into the midlands, wales and the southwest, but the rain turning more intermittent and patchy by that stage. however, we're not really done with the front, i suspect. it looks like it could get a second wind across the southeast of england through wednesday evening, sojust bear that in mind. it dries up briefly into the small hours of thursday, and that after a fine start, there is the potentialfor some more persistent rain to run across southern counties of england through the day. current thinking has it no further north than the ma, and actually, if anything, we're tending to see that rain moving further south the closer we get to the time — so much so that it could be southern counties escape the rain altogether. we do have greater confidence in seeing showers across northern ireland and scotland, though, on thursday, and a breezy day here too courtesy of this low pressure centre which, on friday, could deliver winds up to gusts of 60 or 70 mph to the far north of mainland scotland and across the northern isles. and it also looks like it will whisk a fair few showers across scotland through the day too, the odd one grazing into northern ireland. england and wales, however, may be seeing some early morning fog. should, though, see a lot of fine and sunny weather through the course of the day. temperatures very similar to the figures we've been seeing throughout the course of the week. and our forecast for the weekend features very similar temperatures as well, 12—14 for scotland and northern ireland, perhaps 14—16 further south across england and wales. for the weekend, though, rather more mixed fare — some spells of sunshine, but look out for some sharper showers too. hello, i'm lewis vaughanjones. this is outside source. russian air strikes target ukraine's cities for a second day — people across the country are advised to stay in their shelters. translation: it's terrorism. it makes you realise you're not safe at home. two walls and a basement won't be enough to save you. running low on troops and ammunition, britain's spy agency offers its assessment of russia's situation. also in the programmme: britain's highest court is asked to resolve the row over a second scottish independence referendum. how not to seize a superyacht — hong kong says it won't confiscate a boat belonging to one of russia's richest men. and was there life on mars? scientist take a step closer to tracking down the red planet's former residents. more now on the war in ukraine. one security assassment says ukraine is turning the tide against russian forces. the uk's intelligence agency gchq says russia is running out of both ammunition and troops but warned against complacency saying it was still "very capable" of causing damage. our security correspodnent frank gardner has more. britain's biggest spy agency, gchq, is watching carefully the war in ukraine. without disclosing his sources, its director general believes russia is running out of weapons. we know and russian military commanders know that their supplies and munition are running out. russia's forces are exhausted. the use of prisoners as reinforcements, and now the mobilisation of tens of thousands of inexperienced conscripts, speaks of a really desperate situation. ukraine has been coming under sustained russian missile attack from several directions, from the sea, from the air and across borders. the kalibr cruise missile is one of russia's most valuable precision guided weapons, and it's almost certainly running low on these. fired from a warship or a submarine, it can deliver a 500 kilograms warhead to a target hundreds of kilometres away with great accuracy. other weapons, though, are blunter. like this s—300 missile, designed to shoot down aircraft, it's been used against built up areas in cities all across ukraine. then there are these low tech tube launched rockets, many of them dating from the soviet era, not very accurate and prone to failure, but russia has a lot of them. so what evidence is there that we can access from open sources that russia might be running low on weapons like these? we know, for example, that the manufacturing missiles like the 3m 1a calibre, russia's more modern cruise missile, were around 100 a year, on average, before the war. and given that russia has used over 2,000 cruise and ballistic missiles over the course of this war, its stockpiles are probably dwindling. but that's little consolation to those on the receiving end of these weapons. the more success ukraine has on the battlefield, the more russia inflicts punishment on the civilian population. frank gardner, bbc news. there's been fierce opposition within russia to president putin's mobilisation drive to call up hundreds of thousands to fight in ukraine. this was a small protest in moscow last month, at which a number of people were detained. hundreds are said to have been arrested over their opposition to the military call up in recent weeks. 700,000 russians are reported to have fled the country, though that figure is disputed by the kremlin. how far have setbacks in ukraine weakened president putin's grip on power? natalia pelevine is a russian opposition political activist. shejoins me now from riga. thank you very much for being on the programme. thank you very much for being on the programme-— thank you very much for being on the programme-_ so _ thank you very much for being on the programme._ so this - thank you very much for being on the programme._ so this is - thank you very much for being on the programme._ so this is a l programme. thank you. so this is a conflict that — programme. thank you. so this is a conflict that was _ programme. thank you. so this is a conflict that was initiated _ programme. thank you. so this is a conflict that was initiated by - president putin. how damaging to you think it has been to his authority within russia?— think it has been to his authority within russia? from the get-go, it is obviously _ within russia? from the get-go, it is obviously a _ within russia? from the get-go, it is obviously a completely - within russia? from the get-go, it is obviously a completely wrong i is obviously a completely wrong decision for putin and for russia. however, the new turn came when he decided to make a very... it was a very tough decision for him, i assume, it was a risky decision to announce mobilisation, and at that point, many russians who unfortunately vocally or quietly supported the war, at least they didn't protest against it, started to view it in a different angle. the war came home, so to speak, because sons and husbands were being mobilised, are being mobilised, and from various regions of russia, and so people, especially women, started to react and started to come out and protest, actually coming out to the streets, which they had not done this whole time the war has already been raging. this is something very new. it is a numbers game, always, the protests. the numbers so far have not been significant up don't make enough to affect anything, but i think it is only the beginning, but we do not believe it will be a partial mobilisation, it will be a full mobilisation, so there will be a new wave coming soon at which point we will see a new wave of protests as well —— significant enough to affect anything. aha, protests as well -- significant enough to affect anything. a nueva rotest? if enough to affect anything. a nueva protest? if that _ enough to affect anything. a nueva protest? if that does _ enough to affect anything. a nueva protest? if that does happen, - enough to affect anything. a nueva protest? if that does happen, if- protest? if that does happen, if nora numbers come out, how risky do you think that will be? clearly the security services, the police in russia, are still very strong, and it will require a huge event of bravery to come out?- it will require a huge event of bravery to come out? yes, but when the matter— bravery to come out? yes, but when the matter at _ bravery to come out? yes, but when the matter at hand _ bravery to come out? yes, but when the matter at hand is _ bravery to come out? yes, but when the matter at hand is the _ bravery to come out? yes, but when the matter at hand is the life - the matter at hand is the life of your loved one, i think people will take that risk. but you rightly point out that the authorities are still able to crack down on, effectively cracked down, on the protesters. but once again, if we see much larger numbers, things might begin to shift. he won't finish the war, by the way, because he is pretty much in a corner at this point, putin, i mean, but putting —— of the things he might change with regard to mobilisation, he might review that decision. we will see. it is a very important time and hopefully this risky decision is going to play heavily against him. 0k, going to play heavily against him. ok, fascinating. just briefly, if you would, many russian opposition figures have left russia over the years. do you think there is any way, safeway, back if enough protesters come out, if opposition grows strong enough within russia or not? ., , ., grows strong enough within russia or not? ., ,, ., not? the opposition activists who have been actively _ not? the opposition activists who have been actively fighting, - not? the opposition activists who. have been actively fighting, really, against putin for many years, for over a decade, thus, of left russia in recent months, after the war started, we all hope to go back as soonest things begin to shift. the only reason we left is the only place we would be right now, russia, is jail. there is no question about it. a few of my college are in jail right now, so, yes, we hope to go back and we hope to begin to really affect what is going to happen with russia and the rest of the world as a result, because we want to make russia a safe country for the world. that is our main goal at this point. thank you so much for coming on, natalia pelevine. thank you very much for talking to us. on a day that the g7 vowed to step up sanctions against moscow, sanctions aren't being followed everywhere. the leader of hong kong, john lee, says he won't seize a superyacht owned by a russian oligarch who's been sanctioned by the west. this is the boat in question, the nord, which is as long as a football pitch and worth half a billion dollars. flying the russian flag, the vessel sailed into hong kong harbour last week. the nord belongs to this man, alexei mordashov, an ally of president putin and one of russia's richest men. earlier this year, italy seized another yacht owned by mr mordashov. but china doesn't support sanctions against russia over its invasion of ukraine. let's hear whatjohn lee had to say. we will comply with any united nations resolution on sanctions, because hong kong has the legal basis to enforce it, and we will comply with united nations sanctions. that is our system, that is our rule of law. we cannot do and we will not do anything that has no legal basis. officials in hong kong do what is right to protect the interests of the country and the interests of the country and the interests of the country and the interests of hong kong. so we will just laugh off the so—called sanctions. john lee has himself been sanctioned by the united states for his role in clamping down on freedoms in hong kong. lets go live now to washington. the international monetary fund world bank are holding their annual meetings there. that is the governor of the bank of england and he is speaking, celeste take a listen in. essentially put them selves back and positive. it turns out that is the structural flaw, positive. it turns out that is the structuralflaw, the positive. it turns out that is the structural flaw, the size of this, combined with that truck show rebalancing point, an effect that pensions, we are all in them... trustees, they have careful decision—making, let me put it that way, which i think in most circumstances we action quite welcome for some of them we face is those things do not work and the financial system was going to take too long. bringing them over was much more challenging. we faced a real challenge. asjohn wrote in our letter, our staff were up all night for several days, letter, our staff were up all night forseveral days, upon letter, our staff were up all night for several days, upon a in recent days, working out how to solve the problem. in the end of economic and targeted intervention into that particular sector because of the structural issue. and so he had to announce that we were going to buy conventional guilds. challenge within faced, and this is very real challenge — i mentioned this in other remarks i have made — that is a financial civility intervention. it is important to remember central bank have... we have to have the ability to intervene in both areas. if you go back to the dash for cash, the things were running in parallel. they were perfectly consistent. we were doing at uae, redoing it initially forfinancial initially for financial institutions. that is not the case now. —— doing oe. we were going to start tightening, raising interest rates, at the same time as we had to decide to buy or to offer to buy the bonds for financial reasons. we had reason to this. we cannot fulfil one of our mandates. we have to do more... as central banks we need to do more on that front, but we have to be able to do it. and we have stop that is what we have done. we made an initial announcement. there is a window of opportunity for the pension funds to do this rebalancing, but we have had to return back to make further interventions, that kept us up the whole of the night last night to further intervention for us, that became clear that we as the bank of england... i know not every central bank is like this, we realised that financial stability purposes, we had to do it, because the pension funds are not numbers of those things and so we announce that at the opening of london this morning. we did two options today, one for pensions and for index link guilds... brute options today, one for pensions and for index link guilds. . ._ for index link guilds... we are 'ust listenin: for index link guilds... we are 'ust listening and fi for index link guilds... we are 'ust listening and there i for index link guilds... we are 'ust listening and there to i for index link guilds... we are 'ust listening and there to the i for index link guilds... we are just| listening and there to the governor of the bank of england, explaining in slightly technical terms there, the rationale about why the bank, the rationale about why the bank, the central bank decided to step in, let it try to do, and an interesting bit of colour there about sleepless nights working hard to make the right intervention. forfilling nights working hard to make the right intervention. for filling with the bank of england is meant to be doing, so we will keep an eye and an ear on that, but we'll see if we get any more nuggets out of thatjust happening live there in washington. stay with us on outside source. still to come: what's hiding behind the surfice of mars? scientists say the red planet could once have teemed with life. buckingham palace has announced that the coronation of king charles will take place on 6 may next year, with the queen consort crowned alongside him. the ceremony will be held at westminster abbey and will be led by the archbishop of canterbury. our royal correspondent nicholas witchell reports. he's been king since the moment of his mother's death. charles was in ballater near balmoral today thanking local people for their support over recent weeks. alongside king charles, camilla, the queen consort. and they will be side by side in seven months�* time to be crowned alongside each other at the coronation. archive: and now here comes her majesty. - injune 1953, queen elizabeth rode in a gold coach to her coronation. archive: her majesty moves to king edward's chair. - it's an event which, while it's purely symbolic in constitutional terms, has a deep religious significance. god save the queen! it's the moment when a new monarch is crowned and consecrated, when a king or queen dedicates him or herself to the service of his or her people. for king charles, the coronation will be a blend, ancient traditions with a contemporary feel. in a statement, buckingham palace said... nearly 70 years after the grandeur of queen elizabeth's coronation, the crowning of king charles and queen camilla will be shorter, smaller and more diverse. a coronation which, in the words of the new king's officials, will reflect the britain and the world of today. and will there be a public holiday to celebrate? that's a matter for the government, says the palace. nicholas witchell, bbc news. this is outside source live from the bbc newsroom. our lead story: russian air strikes target ukraine's cities for a second day, as western leaders vow to hold president putin to account. in the uk, a big constitutional question. the highest court — the supreme court — has been asked to decide whether the scottish parliament can hold another referendum on independence without the agreement of the uk government in westminster. scotland's first minister nicola sturgeon wants to have another vote next year, but the uk government has said no. our scotland correspondent alexandra mackenzie has been outside the supreme court in london. today was the turn of the scottish government to put forward its legal argument. this was done by the lord advocate. she asked the supreme court if the scottish parliament could hold a legal independent night independence referendum without permission from the uk government. she referred to a quote from a quarter of a century ago that called this a festering issue that would rumble on if referendum rules were not clarified. she said she was seeking legal certainty on a matter of exceptional public importance. there is a provisional referendum bill that the lord advocate said in court today could not clear for introduction to the scottish parliament without a judgment on its legality from the supreme court. she wants the supreme court to decide if the proposed bill relates to matters which are reserved to westminster. in particular, the union of scotland and england. but she also said in court that it would be an advisory referendum, which would have no immediate impact in law, so would not relate to a reserve matter. she said that any political actions on the result of an advisory referendum were not relevant in this legal case, and summing up this evening, the lord advocate said, despite the highly charged political context, this is a question of law. in the final hour in court, we heard arguments from sirjames edie, who is speaking for the uk government, the uk government say they should be nojudgment from the the uk government say they should be no judgment from the supreme court on a bill that has not even gone through the scottish parliament, and they will argue that the scottish government cannot hold a legal independence referendum. this will continue tomorrow, but a judgment is not expected for several weeks or even months. the possibility of life on mars has been debated for years. and now new research shows that the planet may once have been teeming with underground, microscopic organisms. french scientists have come to this conclusion after developing a model revealing how habitable mars would have been 4 billion years ago. we can speak to hannah sargeant, planetary scientist at the open university. thanks very much for coming on the programme in. thanks very much for coming on the programme in-_ programme in. thank you for having me. what programme in. thank you for having me- what is — programme in. thank you for having me. what is your— programme in. thank you for having me. what is your assessment - programme in. thank you for having me. what is your assessment of - programme in. thank you for having | me. what is your assessment of this conclusion? — me. what is your assessment of this conclusion? my _ me. what is your assessment of this conclusion? my assessment - me. what is your assessment of this conclusion? my assessment is - me. what is your assessment of this conclusion? my assessment is we i conclusion? my assessment is we cannot rule _ conclusion? my assessment is we cannot rule out — conclusion? my assessment is we cannot rule out life _ conclusion? my assessment is we cannot rule out life on _ conclusion? my assessment is we cannot rule out life on mars i conclusion? my assessment is we cannot rule out life on mars yet. i conclusion? my assessment is we i cannot rule out life on mars yet. we are not saying that mars is teaming with little green men or once was, but what we are showing is that perhaps there was evidence of life in the smallest form, the microorganisms, surviving in the rock, in the rocks of mars, and now we just need to go find it. find rock, in the rocks of mars, and now we just need to go find it.— we 'ust need to go find it. and this is we just need to go find it. and this is the point. _ we just need to go find it. and this is the point, isn't _ we just need to go find it. and this is the point, isn't it? _ we just need to go find it. and this is the point, isn't it? first- we just need to go find it. and this is the point, isn't it? first of- is the point, isn't it? first of all, it is not little green men, it is these microorganisms, but the second point is they have actually found anything. so what are they actually basing their conclusion on. what this team of researchers have done is produce a commuter —— and peter model looking with the early vibr would've been in mars. what would've happened if there were microorganisms present? what they have shown is microorganisms could have shown is microorganisms could have survived in the early environment and also those micro organisms could have actually changed the atmosphere of mars. the big news here is that the microorganisms could have changed the environ for the worse, they could have destroyed themselves, which kind of gives us the idea that maybe life is coming up in lots of different places around the solar system, the universe, perhaps, but not all of them survived. sometimes they just not all of them survived. sometimes theyjust burn out... interesting. let's jump onto the potential conclusion of that, then, because let's leave aside the idea of if they existed or not, but this idea they existed or not, but this idea they may have contributed to their own destruction of what are the consequences of that right across the universe?— consequences of that right across the universe? ~ . , ., , the universe? means that searching for life is going _ the universe? means that searching for life is going to _ the universe? means that searching for life is going to be _ the universe? means that searching for life is going to be even - the universe? means that searching for life is going to be even harder i for life is going to be even harder than we perhaps thought! it is not like where life arises, it will thrive and result in interplanetary species. we could be even luckier than we realised. i species. we could be even luckier than we realised.— species. we could be even luckier than we realised. i see for some ok, now stay there _ than we realised. i see for some ok, now stay there a _ than we realised. i see for some ok, now stay there a moment, _ than we realised. i see for some ok, now stay there a moment, because i than we realised. i see for some 0k, l now stay there a moment, because we have not one but two spaces stories and ijust want have not one but two spaces stories and i just want to get your thoughts on this as well, because this is nasa's mission to basically knock an asteroid off course, kind of change its course, as a way of potentially saving the planet. and we have just had this news in that it has been successful, a spacecraft has succeeded in altering the trajectory of an asteroid in the first test of this planetary defence system. have i sum that up correctly and what do you make of it?— you make of it? yes, so this is a really exciting _ you make of it? yes, so this is a really exciting mission. - you make of it? yes, so this is a really exciting mission. it - you make of it? yes, so this is a really exciting mission. it is i really exciting mission. it is called dart and it is a team of, collaboration, of people around the world, trying to see, can we move in asteroid, so if we find that there is something heading towards earth, can we protect yourselves from that? evidence has shown, data just coming in, showed they were able to adjust the trajectory of one of these... just a small asteroid, nowhere near coming to earth, but it is showing that we can come up with a mission and a strike an asteroid and shift its trajectory, and it was very successful.— its trajectory, and it was very successful. ., , . , successful. early in. just so you know, hannah, _ successful. early in. just so you know, hannah, we _ successful. early in. just so you know, hannah, we are - successful. early in. just so you know, hannah, we are seeing l successful. early in. just so you i know, hannah, we are seeing pictures at the moment of the control room and high—fiving in the kind of space control room, we are kind of use to seeing those kind of pictures, when there is a successful mission or whatever, but before we were seeing these pictures, i would like to talk through, we are seeing these images of this rock which is this asteroid and there were little jumps in it, and there were little jumps in it, and just to explain, if we can see it again, is basically the dart mission taking a photo every second orso mission taking a photo every second or so as it headed basically towards this asteroid, and then exploded, and that is what then moved it off course. is that right?— course. is that right? yeah, so there was _ course. is that right? yeah, so there was a — course. is that right? yeah, so there was a lot _ course. is that right? yeah, so there was a lot of _ course. is that right? yeah, so there was a lot of images i course. is that right? yeah, so| there was a lot of images being taken. we have the images of the impact itself, which showed this rebel pilot of an asteroid and then there was a trailing asteroid all night craft debris released —— —— trailing aircraft... there was ten cluster of hail behind his asteroid now. we have this image from hubble, in space based telescopes, around the earth, so we are flooded with data and there is going to be a lot of processing of those numbers and those images, but it is looking like it was a really big success. flan it was a really big success. can we 'ust relax it was a really big success. can we just relax now? — it was a really big success. can we just relax now? are _ it was a really big success. can we just relax now? are we _ it was a really big success. can we just relax now? are we safe i it was a really big success. can we just relax now? are we safe as i it was a really big success. can we just relax now? are we safe as a l just relax now? are we safe as a planet any species from ever being hit? ., , , ., ., hit? no, surely not, no. the thing with this test — hit? no, surely not, no. the thing with this test is _ hit? no, surely not, no. the thing with this test is those _ hit? no, surely not, no. the thing with this test is those on - hit? no, surely not, no. the thing with this test is those on a - hit? no, surely not, no. the thing with this test is those on a very i with this test is those on a very small asteroid that would not have done any damage if it was heading towards earth, but is just proving that the maths was right, so now we can design a bigger impactor with more force, 70 showing that at least what we think should happen will happen. the what we think should happen will hauen. . ., . ., , what we think should happen will hauen. ., ., . ., , ., happen. the mathematicians got it ri . ht! the happen. the mathematicians got it right! the meek _ happen. the mathematicians got it right! the meek shall _ happen. the mathematicians got it right! the meek shall inherit i happen. the mathematicians got it right! the meek shall inherit the i right! the meek shall inherit the earth and all of that! hannah sargeant, thank you very much for talking us through two big space stories. thank you very much. and plenty more online as always in cyberspace. you can reach me on twitter — @lvaughanjones. i'm lewis vaughan jones i'm lewis vaughanjones and this is outside source on bbc news. bye—bye. hello. last night was a chilly one across england and wales, many areas seeing temperatures falling down to the lower end of single figures and some spots seeing temperatures dip below freezing. —1.2 was the coldest place and that was benson in rural oxfordshire. more cloud around, though, as we start off this tuesday night, and i think it will fill in all areas pretty much, bar the southeast of england and east anglia, by the end of the night. so these are the areas that we are looking at for a risk of some frost into the small hours of wednesday. elsewhere, the breeze picking up, more cloud and the cloud—bearing rain for scotland and northern ireland, but temperatures here in double figures. it will be a gray and wet start to wednesday for northern ireland and scotland, but northern ireland should brighten up pretty quickly, actually. i think by mid—morning, we'll be into some sunshine here. the rain pulls away from northern scotland by then as well. just a chance of some of the cloud and rain hanging back across eastern reaches of scotland into wednesday afternoon, but we'll see the front by then across northern england, fringing into the midlands, wales and the southwest, but the rain turning more intermittent and patchy by that stage. however, we're not really done with the front, i suspect. it looks like it could get a second wind across the southeast of england through wednesday evening, sojust bear that in mind. it dries up briefly into the small hours of thursday, and then after a fine start, there is the potentialfor some more persistent rain to run across southern counties of england through the day. current thinking has it no further north than the ma, and actually, if anything, we're tending to see that rain moving further south the closer we get to the time — so much so that it could be southern counties escape the rain altogether. we do have greater confidence in seeing showers across northern ireland and scotland, though, on thursday, and a breezy day here too courtesy of this low pressure centre which, on friday, could deliver winds up to gusts of 60 or 70 mph to the far north of mainland scotland and across the northern isles. and it also looks like it will whisk a fair few showers across scotland through the day too, the odd one grazing into northern ireland. england and wales, however, may be seeing some early morning fog. should, though, see a lot of fine and sunny weather through the course of the day. temperatures very similar to the figures we've been seeing throughout the course of the week. and our forecast for the weekend features very similar temperatures as well, 12—14 for scotland and northern ireland, perhaps 14—16 further south across england and wales. for the weekend, though, rather more mixed fare — some spells of sunshine, but look out for some sharper showers too. hello, i'm lewis vaughanjones. this is outside source. russian airstikes target ukraine's cities for a second day, people across the country are advised to stay in their shelters. translation: it's terrorism. it makes you realise you're not safe at home. two walls and a basement won't be enough to save you. as the fires rage in lviv and zaporizhzhia, western leaders pledge to hold president putin to account. also in the programme... iranian security forces intensify their crackdown, but the demonstrations spread to the country's energy sector. and markets, mortgages, the mini—budget. as the economic instability continues, the bank of england is forced to step in — again. let's start with the war in ukraine — we've seen a second day of russian missile strikes across the country. have a look at this map. it shows all the places that have been hit since monday morning. we'll take a closer look at the damage done in a moment. but first let's look at the international response. an emergency meeting of g7 leaders — that's the group of rich countries — has warned russia that irresponsible nuclear rhetoric is threatening global peace. ukraine's president, volodymyr zelensky, had this message. translation: i ask you to increase yourjoint efforts to help _ financially to create the air shield for ukraine. millions of people will be grateful to the group of seven. now this is the statement issued by the g7 after its meeting... these pictures released earlier by the russian ministry of defence show a little of what's been going on. more cruise missiles launched — what they describe as a "massive air and sea" operation in ukraine. here's the view of nato, the military alliance of countries. i welcome the recent announcements by allies to provide more advanced air defence systems, and other capabilities to ukraine. and i look forward to further deliveries. our message is clear — nato stands with ukraine for as long as it takes. president putin started this war — he must end it by withdrawing his forces from ukraine. so let's take a closer look at the cities in ukraine that have been hit. lviv — in the west — was one of them. it's been rarely targeted in the past. this is its mayor. the russian attack destroyed four i electrical stations in the region, i and we have problems today at this | moment with water and electricity, j and other service i rebuilding situations. we've also seen these pictures from the capital kyiv, where air raid sirens sounded again on tuesday morning. you can see people taking shelter in the city's metro system. and this is one of those residents who went underground. translation: we had the rocket strikes yesterday, and it felt i like what happened when russia invaded on 2a february. i got scared, because we didn't think it would happen again in the centre of the city. i was surprised that they weren't targeting infrastructure. it's terrorism. it makes you realise you're not safe at home, even if there isn't any infrastructure nearby to target. two walls and a basement aren't going to be enough to save you. and here's our correspondent in the capital, hugo bachega. ukrainians have gone to underground shelters across the country, just like us here in the capital, kyiv, as the air raid sirens warning of possible attacks went off at around 8am in the morning. the ukrainian emergency services then sent an alert to everybody�*s phones, telling people to stay in shelters and to not ignore air raid alerts. this happens a day after russia carried out the biggest air strikes across the country since the early days of the war. here in kyiv, the city centre was hit for the first time in this war, and civilian infrastructure across the country was hit — cities like lviv, in the west, dnipro and kharkiv, which is the country's second—largest city in the northeast, were also attacked. now these strikes had the intention to shake the feeling of normality in many places, including here in kyiv. the southern city of zaphorizhia has also suffered sustained bombing in recent days. missiles are reported to have targeted schools, medicalfacilities and residential homes. these are the latest pictures from there. and this is the position from the un human rights office. we are gravely concerned that some of the attacks appear to have targeted critical civilian infrastructure. many civilian objects, including dozens of residential buildings and vital civilian infrastructure, including at least 12 energy facilities, were damaged or destroyed in eight regions — indicating that these strikes may have violated the principles on the conduct of hostilities under international humanitarian law. remember the city of zaporizhzhia is also significant because of a nuclear power plant there. this is it — it's europe's largest. it was captured by the russians early on in the invasion. it's still operated by ukrainian staff though. and now, ukraine's state energy agency says that the plant's deputy head, valeriy martynyuk, has been kidnapped by russian forces. it said "they keep holding him at an unknown location", though there's been no comment from the russian defence ministry on this. this all comes as president putin meets with the head of the un's nuclear watchdog — the international atomic energy agency, they're meeting in st petersburg. translation: we are ready to discuss all issues of mutual interest _ or cause of concern. for example, the situation around the zaporizhzhia power plant. i we are open to this dialogue and glad to see you. - ihor zhovka is deputy head of president zelensky�*s office. i spoke to him about russia's recent missile strikes. this is a show of russian weakness because russia is fighting civilians with civilian infrastructure, with kindergartens, schools, museums, playgrounds, with men, women and children. this is to cause panic amongst ukrainians for two days, but what ukrainians showed instead is that they are not panicking, they are self concentrated, each and everyone knows what to do — our president, or government, our leadership know what to do, and definitely we will withstand all these attacks, and we will definitely win.— these attacks, and we will definitely win. these attacks, and we will definitel win. �* , , ., definitely win. there's been no doubtin: definitely win. there's been no doubting the — definitely win. there's been no doubting the bravery _ definitely win. there's been no doubting the bravery of- definitely win. there's been no doubting the bravery of the i doubting the bravery of the ukrainian people and forces, but of course, you always need supplies and weapons. what do you make of the g7 group of wealthy nations, in their talks today, and indeed at the international sport right now? the g7 meeting _ international sport right now? tte: g7 meeting today was international sport right now? tt2 g7 meeting today was convened on the request of president zelensky, and he was thankful that governor olaf scholz agreed and convened this meeting, in order to react to several russian actions, including the sham referendum to annex parts of ukrainian territory, and yes, including the recent missile attacks on ukraine. my president was speaking with the g7 leaders with urgency that we badly need the mortar defence systems. imagine we had enough air defence systems, not only would be managed to down half the missiles which were aired yesterday and today, but almost 100%. that's why we badly need the long range, mental rage air defence systems in order to be safe and secure. �* .., systems in order to be safe and secure. �* i. systems in order to be safe and secure. �* y., , ., , secure. but can you understand why there might — secure. but can you understand why there might be _ secure. but can you understand why there might be some _ secure. but can you understand why there might be some hesitancy i secure. but can you understand why there might be some hesitancy and| there might be some hesitancy and reluctance? because those longer—range defence systems could potentially escalate the conflict. well, i would not say —— i would say it's bureaucracy and lack of courage to take the boulder decisions, but again, this is about the lives of ukrainians. ukraine does not intend to do anything but retake the areas we've had since 1991. we need to have air defence systems as well as other systems to help us to win the war. 50 other systems to help us to win the war. ,, ., ., . other systems to help us to win the war. . . , other systems to help us to win the war. ., . ,., war. so air defence systems are clearly absolutely _ war. so air defence systems are clearly absolutely vital. - war. so air defence systems are clearly absolutely vital. i - war. so air defence systems are clearly absolutely vital. i just i clearly absolutely vital. i just want to ask you, and i know you won't be revealing vital military strategy on air to me now, but the importance of capturing land before winter sets in — do you have a timetable, deadlines for advances that you would like to make? look. that you would like to make? look, it's probably _ that you would like to make? look, it's probably very — that you would like to make? look, it's probably very difficult _ that you would like to make? look, it's probably very difficult to - that you would like to make? look, it's probably very difficult to set i it's probably very difficult to set deadlines during the war, but what i can tell you here in public, definitely ukraine will go on with its counteroffensive. we definitely will do it more and more. let's look at the economy now — we'll look at the latest predictions for how the global economy is doing in a moment. first here in the uk, the central bank, the bank of england, has again stepped in to try to calm things down. it says it will buy more government bonds — after warning of a "material risk" to financial stability. uk bonds are also known as gilts — they're basically government ious that allow the government to raise money by borrowing from investors. the bank's move is part of its emergency scheme which started after last month's mini budget, when the government's plan for large tax cuts without explaining how they would be paid for spooked markets and drove up borrowing costs. those costs rose sharply again yesterday. our business correspondent ben king explains. so here's a graph of the performance of one of the bonds that's been getting the bank of england's attention today. now if you look from 23 september, the day of the mini—budget, this line heads starkly upwards — that's a sign of people losing confidence in this market, trying to sell these bombs as quickly as they can. —— these bonds. to the point at the 28th, the bank of england feels it has to intervene to try and bring this graph back down and return order to the market. now that works for a while, but over october, this line starts heading back up again — a sign that fear is returning to the market to the point where the bank of england has had to intervene once more. why make this all comes as kwasi kwarteng has been answering questions in kwarteng has been answering ruestion ., , ., kwarteng has been answering ruestion ., ., and some of them were certainly tough — this from the shadow chancellor rachel reeves. this is a british crisis made in downing street. no other government is sabotaging their own country's economic credibility as this government is. so mr speaker, can i ask, are the chancellor and prime minister the last people left on earth who actually think that their plan is working? but the chancellor defended his record and gave his view of the international monetary fund's report. the imf said today that actually, the mini budget has increased the forecast for good. that's exactly — that's precisely the opposite of what the honourable lady has said. and it's very clear where we stand on this. we've got pro—growth, pro—enterprise, pro—business conservatives on one side, and the anti—growth coalition on the other side who want to tax more and want low growth. he mentioned a report from the international monetary fund there. we'll come back to that later. but before that, the repected think tank, the institute for fiscal studies, has warned the chancellor will need to make some painful spending cuts, amounting to £60 billion — or $69 million — annually within five years. one of the problems the government faces is we've had a decade and more of really tight spending settlements. we're still spending less on a lot of public services than we were just over a decade ago, so we aren't going into a new period with much fat to trim. the think—tank laid out some options, if the government doesn't reverse the tax cuts announced, instead it could — save 13 billion by only increasing working—age benefits in line with average earnings, rather than the actual rising cost of living, for two years. save 1a billion by limiting public investment to 2% of national income. and 35 billion by cutting all government departments' spending by 15%, except health and defence. let's get more from dr leah downey, who's a political economist at the university of cambridge and sheffield political economy research institute. it's been really interesting to see how the bank and the government have interacted over all this. as you mentioned, they got involved quite soon after the mini budget, announcing they would buy gilts to quell the volatility in the market. but on monday, they announced further that one, their original emerging interventions would end on 14 emerging interventions would end on 1a october as planned, but also for the remaining few days of this week, they would buy up to £10 billion each day in gilts. now the second part of that isn't really a big deal because it didn't actually change the total amount available, the £65 billion. but what i think markets were reacting to moore was the emergency facility closing as planned on 1a october. now the bank did try and, sort of, moderate this announcement with a new temporary expanded collateral repo facility that they announced, which essentially means that they said while we won't be buying gilts on the market after friday, we will lend money to banks on extremely favourable terms. that lend money to banks on extremely favourable terms.— favourable terms. that kind of promise. _ favourable terms. that kind of promise. has _ favourable terms. that kind of promise, has effectively i favourable terms. that kind of promise, has effectively done | promise, has effectively done enough? do you think this will work? it's a great question. i guess it depends on what we mean by it�*s a great question. i guess it depends on what we mean by work— ultimately what the markets are reacting to is the government's budget, so there's nothing the bank can do to answer the questions that the markets want answered, those need to come from the government. but they can essentially buy time, and i think that's what they're trying to do. and i think that's what they're trying to do-— and i think that's what they're trying to do. and i think that's what they're t in: to do. , trying to do. interesting, right. do state there. _ trying to do. interesting, right. do state there, i'll _ trying to do. interesting, right. do state there, i'll be _ trying to do. interesting, right. do state there, i'll be back— trying to do. interesting, right. do state there, i'll be back in - trying to do. interesting, right. do state there, i'll be back in a i state there, i'll be back in a moment. i want to look at what the international monetary fund has said today. it now thinks the global economy will grow less than expected next year. it has cut global growth forecast in 2023 due to things like the war in ukraine, high food prices and energy rates, and inflation. it now predicts 2.7% growth, down from its july forecast of 2.9%. now predicts 2.7% growth, down from itsjuly forecast of 2.9%. enough says its july forecast of 2.9%. enough says there's a 25% growth could fall below 2%. let's hear what the imf�*s chief economist said. the below 2%. let's hear what the imf's chief economist said.— below 2%. let's hear what the imf's chief economist said. the 2023 slow down will be — chief economist said. the 2023 slow down will be broad-based, - chief economist said. the 2023 slow down will be broad-based, with i down will be broad—based, with countries — down will be broad—based, with countries accounting for a third of the global— countries accounting for a third of the global economy expected to contract — the global economy expected to contract this year or next. the three — contract this year or next. the three largest economies, the us, china, _ three largest economies, the us, china, and — three largest economies, the us, china, and the eu area, will continue _ china, and the eu area, will continue to stall. in short, the worst— continue to stall. in short, the worst is— continue to stall. in short, the worst is yet to come, and for many people. _ worst is yet to come, and for many people, 2023 will feel like a recession. so people, 2023 will feel like a recession.— people, 2023 will feel like a recession. so that was pretty rloom , recession. so that was pretty gloomy. even _ recession. so that was pretty gloomy, even if _ recession. so that was pretty gloomy, even if a _ recession. so that was pretty gloomy, even if a technical i gloomy, even if a technical recession and lots of countries is avoided, it will feel like that is actually happening in lots of countries?— actually happening in lots of countries? . �*, , countries? that's exactly right, eah, countries? that's exactly right, yeah. it's _ countries? that's exactly right, yeah. it's not — countries? that's exactly right, yeah, it's not liking _ countries? that's exactly right, yeah, it's not liking very - countries? that's exactly right, yeah, it's not liking very good i yeah, it's not liking very good at the moment. —— looking very good. and what about inflation, which means people will be paying higher prices for things? that hurts them in their wallet — what kind of timeline could we look at governments trying to bring the under control?— governments trying to bring the under control? ~ , ., ~ ., �* , under control? well, you know, it's very difficult _ under control? well, you know, it's very difficult to _ under control? well, you know, it's very difficult to predict _ under control? well, you know, it's very difficult to predict these i very difficult to predict these things because the problem is, it's not like predicting the weather. what we do in the interim really matters. so this is why we see the imf commenting on the government's budget, because they're worried that the actions the uk government is planning to take will spark more inflation, which will make the bank of england'sjob harder. so right now we have the government and the bank of england working against one another. so it's hard to predict how that will play out in the next six months to a year. but if the government persists and can't find the cuts that it needs, or they are politically rejected, then inflation may get worse. stay with us on outside source, still to come, buy strikes out iran's oil factories could have a big impact on the country's economy and the protest movement. parts of san francisco least affected by the earthquake are returning to life, but in the marina area where most of the damage was done, they're more conscious than ever of how much has been destroyed. in the 19 years since he was last here, he's gone from being a little man revolutionary to an experienced and successful diplomatic operator. it was a 20lb bomb that exploded on the fifth floor of the grand hotel, ripping a hole in the front of the building. this government will not weaken. democracy will prevail. it fills me with humility and gratitude to know that i have been chosen as the recipient of this form is honour. this catholic nation hold its breath for them and they called the 33. and then... bells ring ..bells told nationwide to announce the first rescue, and chile let out an almighty roar. this is outside source, live from the bbc newsroom. our lead story is... russian airstikes target ukraine's cities for a second day, as western leaders vow to hold president putin to account. turning to iran now, where security forces are intensifying their crackdown on protestors, and demonstrations are reported to have spread to iran's energy sector. we'll look at why that's significant in a moment. first clashes between security forces and protestors have been particularly violent in the western province of kurdistan. this was the scene overnight in the kurdish city of sanan—daj. you can hear gunfire as the authorities move in to try to get people off the streets. iran's kurdistan region was home to mahsa amini, the young woman whose death in police custody sparked the protests. she was detained by iran's "morality police" for allegedly breaking the country's strict dress code. the iranian authorities claim a pre—existing condition caused mahsa's death, but her family say they aren't telling the truth. mahsa's father, amjad amini, has been speaking to my colleague yalda hakim. translation: the documents the authority is her showing her fake. l —— the authorities are showing. they are lying, she did not have any health issues. she only had surgery to remove an under—skin cyst from her left eye 15 years ago. i don't know how they come up with these lies. i reject them all. my daughter was beaten, and that's the reason she died. this is what one of the specialists publicly said. he said she was beaten — if the officials were right, why didn't they let me see her body for the last time before the burial? mr amini also told us about he final memories of his daughter. translation: i remember her eyes when she said "goodbye" _ to me for the last time. she was an angel, she was about to start her university. i thank everyone who supported us over the last month. now in a significant move, oil workers appear to have joined the protests sparked by mahsa's death. they're staging a strike for a second day. this video appears to show employees at the booshee—huhr petrochemical plant blocking a road leading to the refinery. protests have also been reported at the abadan and kangan oil refineries in southwest iran. officials in iran have denied the strikes were about the death of mahsa amini. so what makes this so important? well iran's energy sector is vital to the country's economy, which is crippled by western sanctions. iran relies heavily on the revenues from petroleum. the latest available data shows crude oil export revenue accounted for nearly 40% of iran's total government revenues. that's from imf data in 2017. and the oil industry played a key role in the iranian revolution of 1979. mass protests and strikes by oil workers helped launch the movement, that propelled the shi'ite clergy to power. i've been speaking to nadereh shamloo. she's a nonresident senior fellow at the atlantic council. she told me the oil workers strike will have a big psychological impact on the wider protest movement. the strikes of course have an economic element in the sense that they will impact the economic performance or well—being of the state. but most importantly, they have a very important psychological impact on the protests. because up to the last few days, everyone has been calling for strikes, and only small—scale or shops have gone on strike, certainly in the larger cities. —— small—scale or shops. —— companies or shops. but no big scale industry has started with strikes. the strikes started with the contract workers in the phase two refinery which is still under construction, so it's not operating yet. but nonetheless it has spread to others, the psychological barrier has been broken, and it has now spread to other entities. that's very interesting. it's emotionally relevant to many in iran, what's your reaction to the widespread protests across the country, given they've been so unexpected by some? yes, on the one hand, they were unexpected. but on the other hand, it has been brewing for decades. and in this context, it is not unexpected because one could feel the anger and frustration of the young population, as well as the older population with the situation in iran. so itjust needed a little spark — and that spark was provided by the untimely and horrendous death of mahsa amini. and the islamic republic certainly overplayed its hand and dug its own grave by the actions it took with mahsa amini. i've got to jump in there because that was a very significant thing you said there, what do you think happens next? do you think this could be terminalfor the regime? absolutely, i think this is a genie that's gotten out of the bottle and won't be going back. it's not possible to go back to of the day before. there have been many posts by people saying "we just can't go back to the day before these things happened," because there are so many young people that have forced the elder generation to really face the realities, and it's given them a lot of courage to fight. the train has left the station. you can reach me on twitter — i'm @lvaughanjones. hello. last night was a chilly one across england and wales, many areas seeing temperatures falling down to the lower end of single figures and some spots seeing temperatures dip below freezing. —1.2 was the coldest place and that was benson in rural oxfordshire. more cloud around, though, as we start off this tuesday night, and i think it will fill in all areas pretty much, bar the southeast of england and east anglia, by the end of the night. so these are the areas that we are looking at for a risk of some frost into the small hours of wednesday. elsewhere, the breeze picking up, more cloud and the cloud—bearing rain for scotland and northern ireland, but temperatures here in double figures. it will be a gray and wet start to wednesday for northern ireland and scotland, but northern ireland should brighten up pretty quickly, actually. i think by mid—morning, we'll be into some sunshine here. the rain pulls away from northern scotland by then as well. just a chance of some of the cloud and rain hanging back across eastern reaches of scotland into wednesday afternoon, but we'll see the front by then across northern england, fringing into the midlands, wales and the southwest, but the rain turning more intermittent and patchy by that stage. however, we're not really done with the front, i suspect. it looks like it could get a second wind across the southeast of england through wednesday evening, sojust bear that in mind. it dries up briefly into the small hours of thursday, and that after a fine start, there is the potentialfor some more persistent rain to run across southern counties of england through the day. current thinking has it no further north than the ma, and actually, if anything, we're tending to see that rain moving further south the closer we get to the time — so much so that it could be southern counties escape the rain altogether. we do have greater confidence in seeing showers across northern ireland and scotland, though, on thursday, and a breezy day here too courtesy of this low pressure centre which, on friday, could deliver winds up to gusts of 60—70 mph to the far north of mainland scotland and across the northern isles. and it also looks like it will whisk a fair few showers across scotland through the day too, the odd one grazing into northern ireland. england and wales, however, may be seeing some early morning fog. should, though, see a lot of fine and sunny weather through the course of the day. temperatures very similar to the figures we've been seeing throughout the course of the week. and our forecast for the weekend features very similar temperatures as well, 12—14 for scotland and northern ireland, perhaps 14—16 further south across england and wales. for the weekend, though, rather more mixed fare — some spells of sunshine, but look out for some sharper showers too. the jury heard that lucy letby urged the baby's mother to return to her own bed, as if to say, trust me, i am a nurse. baby e died that night and the following day it is alleged lucy letby tried unsuccessfully to murder his twin brother. the jury has also been told that the nurse tried to kill another baby, baby g, three times. the little girl survived but is now severely disabled with irreversible brain damage. it has been claimed that lucy letby had a very unusual interest in many of the babies' parents, searching for them repeatedly on facebook. the nurse denies all the charges he faces. the case will continue tomorrow. judith moritz, bbc news, manchester. the prime suspect in the disappearance of madeleine mccann has been charged in germany with unrelated sexual offences. christian brueckner, who's a convicted sex offender, is accused of five offences between 2000 and 2017 in portugal. german prosecutors say the investigation into her disappearance is ongoing separately. in the uk a big constitutional question. the highest court — the supreme court — has been asked to decide whether the scottish parliament can hold another referendum on independence without the agreement of the uk government in westminster. scotland's first minister nicola sturgeon wants to have another vote next year but the uk government has said no. our scotland correspondent alexandra mackenzie has been outside the supreme court in london. today was the turn of the scottish government to put forward its legal argument. this was done by the lord advocate. she asked the supreme court if the scottish parliament could hold a legal independent night independence referendum without permission from the uk government. she referred to a quote from a quarter of a century ago that called this a festering issue that would rumble on if referendum rules were not clarified. she said she was seeking legal certainty on a matter of exceptional public importance. there is a provisional referendum bill that the lord advocate said in court today she could not clear for introduction to the scottish parliament without a judgment on its legality from the supreme court. she wants the supreme court to decide if the proposed bill relates to matters which are reserved to westminster. in particular, the union of scotland and england. but she also said in court that it would be an advisory referendum, which would have no immediate impact in law, so would not relate to a reserve matter. she said that any political actions on the result of an advisory referendum were not relevant in this legal case, and summing up this evening, the lord advocate said, despite the highly charged political context, this is a question of law. in the final hour in court, we heard arguments from sirjames edie, who is speaking for the uk government, the uk government say they should be no judgment from the supreme court on a bill that has not even gone through the scottish parliament, and they will argue that the scottish government cannot hold a legal independence referendum. this will continue tomorrow, but a judgment is not expected for several weeks or even months. buckingham palace has announced that the coronation of king charles will take place on the 6th may next year, with the queen consort crowned alongside him. the ceremony will be held at westminster abbey and will be led by the archbishop of canterbury. our royal correspondent, nicholas witchell, reports. he's been king since the moment of his mother's death. charles was in ballater near balmoral today thanking local people for their support over recent weeks. alongside king charles, camilla, the queen consort. and they will be side by side in seven months�* time to be crowned alongside each other at the coronation. archive: and now here comes her majesty. i injune1953, queen elizabeth rode in a gold coach to her coronation. archive: her majesty moves to king edward's chair. it's an event which, while it's purely symbolic and constitutional terms, has a deep religious significance. god save the queen! it's a moment when a new monarch is crowned and consecrated, when a king or queen dedicates him or herself to the service of his or her people. for king charles, the coronation will be a blend, ancient traditions with a contemporary feel. in a statement, buckingham palace said... will britain at a time of homelessness and restricting benefits and energy prices going up really cheer to the rafters the site of a head of state riding in a golden coach? there are others who will say, that is just what we want. nearly 70 years after the grandeur of queen elizabeth's coronation, the crowning of king charles and queen camilla will be shorter, smaller and more diverse. a coronation, which in the words of the new kings officials, will reflect the britain and the world of today. and will there be a public holiday to celebrate? that's a matter for the government says the palace. nicholas witchell, bbc news. the first funeral of one of the victims of an explosion at a service station in county donegal has been held this morning. the funeral mass for 24—year—old jessica gallagher, took place at st michael's church in creeslough. ten people were killed in friday's explosion. police continue to investigate the cause of the blast, but have said it appears to have been a tragic accident. our correspondent charlotte gallagher has more. this is a village and a community facing its darkest, darkest days. hundreds of people were outside st. michael's church to greet jessica when the hearse carrying her arrived earlier today and there was just complete silence. people standing there thinking about a young woman who had travelled the world. she had been to paris, shanghai, she wasjust about to start her dream job in belfast and then tragedy struck on friday. and the priest said she was a jewel in herfamily and that ripples of love were left by her everywhere she went. and he said there was really no answers as to what happened and why it happened to jessica. you can see behind me the petrol station lying in rubble, the flats above it where she was. the funeral of martin mcgill, another victim, that took place in the last hour. martin was originally from scotland and a lone piper led the hearse down to the church in the foothills of mountains. and we heard about martin being a devoted son. he was a carer for his elderly mum and he has been described as the type of person who would do absolutely anything for anyone. and you can really tell how close knit this community is and how small it is. when you were at the church, in front of it is the pharmacy where martin had been that day to collect a prescription for his mum. and next to that is the primary school where the youngest victim, five—year—old shauna flanagan garwe had attended. and many people notjust in this village, but this surrounding will be attending all ten funerals. this is an incredibly difficult time for people here and one they will need support full, notjust in the weeks ahead, but the months and years ahead. some breaking news from reuters angela lansbury has died at the age of 96 a long and decorated career on the stage on film and on tv. and we cannot look back at her life here is sarah campbell. she was 17 it was herfor sarah campbell. she was 17 it was her for first part and she was nominated for an oscar. her career could not have started better. she was the granddaughter of george lansbury leader of the labour party in the 1930s. but i'm good with her mother to america in 1940 when her father died. in due course they were starring roles in hollywood and on television. ., ., ., , television. you are to shoot the presidential _ television. you are to shoot the presidential nominees - television. you are to shoot the presidential nominees in - television. you are to shoot the presidential nominees in the i television. you are to shoot the i presidential nominees in the head. white back in the manchurian candidate she played the monstrous mother of a mate till he my prewash side. it was part like this increasingly that she was offered. to sweep us up into the warehouse that will make martial law seem like... ithink that will make martial law seem like... i think my lucky stars that i was not a glamour girl. i always said up to a certain point that was what the studio wanted but... at the a . e what the studio wanted but... at the are of 'ust what the studio wanted but... at the age ofjust 19 — what the studio wanted but... at the age ofjust 19 the — what the studio wanted but... at the age ofjust 19 the harvey _ what the studio wanted but... at the age ofjust 19 the harvey girls - age ofjust 19 the harvey girls she had shown that she could sing and dance as her film had shown that she could sing and dance as herfilm career waned, a stage career took off and in the succession of broadway musicals. tt succession of broadway musicals. tit really set me on the road to great success on broadway. and i could not give up broadway as it became my home. in give up broadway as it became my home. ~:: , , home. in her 60s she reinvented herself as _ home. in her 60s she reinvented herself as a _ home. in her 60s she reinvented herself as a television _ home. in her 60s she reinvented herself as a television actress. i herself as a television actress. above all as the genteel detective in murder she wrote.— in murder she wrote. apparently haven't heard _ in murder she wrote. apparently haven't heard last _ in murder she wrote. apparently haven't heard last night - in murder she wrote. apparently haven't heard last night the i in murder she wrote. apparently i haven't heard last night the police arrested him for killing... haven't heard last night the police arrested him for killing. . .- arrested him for killing... should roduce arrested him for killing... should produce the _ arrested him for killing... should produce the shows _ arrested him for killing... should produce the shows as _ arrested him for killing. .. should produce the shows as well- arrested him for killing... should i produce the shows as well starting and became, they said the richest women in hollywood with a fortune estimated at $17 million. her films for children showed her gift for comity. for children showed her gift for comi . ,., ., comity. 0h bother, i do hate charlie--- — comity. 0h bother, i do hate charlie... there _ comity. 0h bother, i do hate charlie... there were - comity. 0h bother, i do hate charlie... there were bed i comity. 0h bother, i do hate i charlie... there were bed knobs comity. 0h bother, i do hate - charlie... there were bed knobs and broomsticks — charlie... there were bed knobs and broomsticks and _ charlie. .. there were bed knobs and broomsticks and later— charlie... there were bed knobs and broomsticks and later nanny - charlie... there were bed knobs and i broomsticks and later nanny mcphee. at the age later it she's started on the west end. had at the age later it she's started on the west end-— the west end. had my first chance when i the west end. had my first chance when i was — the west end. had my first chance when i was four _ the west end. had my first chance when i was four and _ the west end. had my first chance when i was four and a _ the west end. had my first chance when i was four and a half. - the west end. had my first chancej when i was four and a half. shared he -la ed when i was four and a half. shared he played the _ when i was four and a half. shared he played the exiled _ when i was four and a half. shared he played the exiled english i when i was four and a half. shared i he played the exiled english woman excited. it he played the exiled english woman excited. . , he played the exiled english woman excited. ., , ., , ., ., excited. it was lovely to give that nod of approval— excited. it was lovely to give that nod of approval from _ excited. it was lovely to give that nod of approval from that - excited. it was lovely to give that i nod of approval from that country. a character actress as comfortable on stage and on screen she was one of britain's most versatile and successful performance. reflections there on a remarkable life on angelo and story. a statement from herfamily life on angelo and story. a statement from her family saying, the children of theme angela lansbury are set to announce that their mother died peacefully in her sleep at home in los angeles at 1:30am today. tuesday october the 11th 2022. just five days shy of her 97th birthday. that is the family statement there saying the children of theme ancillary —— theme angela lansbury died today at 1:30am today tuesday october the 11th just five days shy of her 97th birthday. that is theme angela lansbury in the news that she has died at the age of 96. you may remember the story of adnan syed, the man convicted of killing his girlfriend in 1999 and whose story was made into a podcast called �*serial�* that cast doubt on his conviction. last month, syed was released from prison — where he'd spent 20 years, after an investigation found problems with his conviction. now the prosecutors have decided to drop his case completely — and not seek a retrial. they said they had discovered new information about two alternative suspects, who they've not named. the possibility of life on mars has been debated for years. and now new research shows that the planet may once have been teeming with underground, microscopic organisms. french scientists have come to this conclusion after developing a model revealing how habitable mars would have been four billion years ago. nasa says a mission to knock an asteroid off with its course was successful a car size that rocket was smashed into an asteroid last month and a project aimed at testing our planetary defence. i have been speaking to hannah about both of these developments. my assessment is we cannot rule out life on mars yet. we are not saying that mars is teaming with little green men or once was, but what we are showing is that perhaps there was evidence of life in the smallest form, the microorganisms, surviving in the rock, in the rocks of mars, and now we just need to go find it. and this is the point, isn't it? first of all, it is not little green men, it is these microorganisms, but the second point is they have actually found anything. so what are they actually basing their conclusion on. what this team of researchers have done is produce a computer model looking with the early life would've been in mars. what would've happened if there were microorganisms present? what they have shown is microorganisms could have survived in the early environment and also those micro organisms could have actually changed the atmosphere of mars. the big news here is that the microorganisms could have changed the environment for the worse, they could have destroyed themselves, which kind of gives us the idea that maybe life is coming up in lots of different places around the solar system, the universe, perhaps, but not all of them survived. sometimes theyjust burn out... interesting. let's jump onto the potential conclusion of that, then, because let's leave aside the idea of if they existed or not, but this idea they may have contributed to their own destruction of what are the consequences of that right across the universe? it means that searching for life is going to be even harder than we perhaps thought! it is not like where life arises, it will thrive and result in interplanetary species. we could be even luckier than we realised. i see for some ok, now stay there a moment, because we have not one but two spaces stories and i just want to get your thoughts on this as well, because this is nasa's mission to basically knock an asteroid off course, kind of change its course, as a way of potentially saving the planet. and we have just had this news in that it has been successful, a spacecraft has succeeded in altering the trajectory of an asteroid in the first test of this planetary defence system. have i sum that up correctly and what do you make of it? yes, so this is a really exciting mission. it is called dart and it is a team of, collaboration, of people around the world, trying to see, can we move in asteroid, so if we find that there is something heading towards earth, can we protect yourselves from that? evidence has shown, data just coming in, showed they were able to adjust the trajectory of one of these... just a small asteroid, nowhere near coming to earth, but it is showing that we can come up with a mission and a strike an asteroid and shift its trajectory, and it was very successful. just so you know, hannah, we are seeing pictures at the moment of the control room and high—fiving in the kind of space control room, we are kind of use to seeing those kind of pictures, when there is a successful mission or whatever, but before we were seeing these pictures, i would like to talk through, we are seeing these images of this rock which is this asteroid and there were little jumps in it, and just to explain, if we can see it again, is basically the dart mission taking a photo every second or so as it headed basically towards this asteroid, and then exploded, and that is what then moved it off course. is that right? yeah, so there was a lot of images being taken. we have the images of the impact itself, which showed this rebel pilot of an asteroid and then there was a trailing asteroid all all which debris released trailing aircraft... there was ten cluster of hail behind his asteroid now. we have this image from hubble, in space based telescopes, around the earth, so we are flooded with data and there is going to be a lot of processing of those numbers and those images, but it is looking like it was a really big success. can we just relax now? are we safe as a planet any species from ever being hit? no, surely not, no. the thing with this test is those on a very small asteroid that would not have done any damage if it was heading towards earth, but is just proving that the maths was right, so now we can design a bigger impactor with more force, 70 showing that at least what we think should happen will happen. now, there is the wreck of the mary rose, this flagship of henry viii. it's the first time we have seen this in 437 years. inch by inch, the ship that was the pride of henry viii's mighty navy peeked above the waters of the solent and began to reveal her secrets. the then prince charles was present to witness his ancestor�*s flagship return to the surface. i believe she's in marvellous condition. and he was right. the half of the ship and a huge number of artifacts were preserved by centuries cocooned in mud and silt on the sea bed. so these are some of our tudor long bows. this is actually one of... the ship was listed with 250 long bows. so these are some of them. we've got 130 odd that are complete out of the 250, and fragments of a bit more. when the ship was first raised, she was kept wet by spraying her timbers. but in recent years, technology has allowed for dry preservation. now those three orange squares are on top of the three ribs, orframes. that was the first thing that was discovered by divers in1971. it then took a further 11 years of excavation, exploration, examination, to bring the mary rose to the surface and to see the incredible structure that survives to this day. but that was only part of the story. there is still so much more to discover. for the next sort of a0 years we are hoping to uncover more secrets and maybe even go back on the solent and get some of the rest that's still down there. 500 souls were lost when the ship sank during a battle with the french in 1545. and the work goes on today to help tell their stories, alongside the history of the mary rose, providing precious insight into life almost 500 years ago. john maguire, bbc news, portsmouth. just before i go a reminder of that news that we have received here in the last half hour. that the actor dame angela lansbury has died at the age of 96. a long and varied successful career on film, tv, and stage. dame angela lansbury. hello. last night was a chilly one across england and wales, many areas seeing temperatures falling down to the lower end of single figures and some spots seeing temperatures dip below freezing. —1.2 was the coldest place and that was benson in rural oxfordshire. more cloud around, though, as we start off this tuesday night, and i think it will fill in all areas pretty much, bar the southeast of england and east anglia, by the end of the night. so these are the areas that we are looking at for a risk of some frost into the small hours of wednesday. elsewhere, the breeze picking up, more cloud and the cloud—bearing rain for scotland and northern ireland, but temperatures here in double figures. it will be a gray and wet start to wednesday for northern ireland and scotland, but northern ireland should brighten up pretty quickly, actually. i think by mid—morning, we'll be into some sunshine here. the rain pulls away from northern scotland by then as well. just a chance of some of the cloud and rain hanging back across eastern reaches of scotland into wednesday afternoon, but we'll see the front by then across northern england, fringing into the midlands, wales and the southwest, but the rain turning more intermittent and patchy by that stage. however, we're not really done with the front, i suspect. it looks like it could get a second wind across the southeast of england through wednesday evening, sojust bear that in mind. it dries up briefly into the small hours of thursday, and that after a fine start, there is the potentialfor some more persistent rain to run across southern counties of england through the day. current thinking has it no further north than the ma, and actually, if anything, we're tending to see that rain moving further south the closer we get to the time — so much so that it could be southern counties escape the rain altogether. we do have greater confidence in seeing showers across northern ireland and scotland, though, on thursday, and a breezy day here too courtesy of this low pressure centre which, on friday, could deliver winds up to gusts of 60—70 mph to the far north of mainland scotland and across the northern isles. and it also looks like it will whisk a fair few showers across scotland through the day too, the odd one grazing into northern ireland. england and wales, however, may be seeing some early morning fog. should, though, see a lot of fine and sunny weather through the course of the day. temperatures very similar to the figures we've been seeing throughout the course of the week. and our forecast for the weekend features very similar temperatures as well, 12—14 for scotland and northern ireland, perhaps 14—16 further south across england and wales. for the weekend, though, rather more mixed fare — some spells of sunshine, but look out for some sharper showers too. hello, i'm christian fraser. you're watching the context on bbc news. the russians have targeted ukrainian cities for a second day, with people across the country advised to stay in their shelters. the leaders of the g7 tell president zelensky they will support him "as long it takes". he tells them he needs more weapons and more air cover to protect ukrainian cities. the bank of england steps in again to try and restore some order to the bond markets. the government says it remains fully committed to its growth strategy despite the mounting concern. and one month to the us midterms, we will look at the current state of play in some of the key senate race that could decide the balance of power on capitol hill. tonight with the context, nathalie tocci — director of the italian institute of international affairs, and republican strategist doug heye.