questions being asked at this week's global ai safety summit in south korea. the second of its kind, it is co—hosted with britain after the inaugural event in november last year at bletchley park near london. francine bennett is interim director at the ada lovelace institute — an independent research institute specialising in al — and is in south korea for this summit. a very warm welcome to the programme. so first of all, what will be achieved in seoul, do you think?— do you think? well, that's a aood do you think? well, that's a good question. _ do you think? well, that's a good question. i _ do you think? well, that's a good question. i hope - do you think? well, that's a good question. i hope what| do you think? well, that's a - good question. i hope what will be achieved in seoul is moving on from the conversation from the bletchley summit last year. so we had some really good initial conversations there, and i think what wasn't to see is shaping the development of this, potentially very new technologies, but in the interests of people and society. so you mentioned our research institute is an ai research institute is an ai research institute. actually, we research how to make ai and data work for people in society. that's the big mission. it's something very important when we have these new potentials. 50. important when we have these new potentials.— new potentials. so, you know, we've talked _ new potentials. so, you know, we've talked about _ new potentials. so, you know, we've talked about what's - we've talked about what's happened in the last two weeks alone in terms of new innovation and new announcements. are the big players taking part in this summit, crucially? i actually haven't seen _ summit, crucially? i actually haven't seen an _ summit, crucially? i actually haven't seen an attendee . summit, crucially? i actually| haven't seen an attendee list yet. i can't you that for sure. i very much hope they r they need to be part of the conversation. but also, i think, importantly, government and civil society need to be part of the conversation. so they need to be driving it in they need to be driving it in the interests of all the people who will be affected by these technologies, if they roll out. yes, because i mean, of course, at bletchley park, we had that interview between our prime minister rishi sunak and elon musk, which was the big event to a degree. there were lots of players at that event. so talk us through how this will all work together — ie the innovation that is going at a pace and how regulation is trying to keep up with it, the legal side of things, and everything else. because this is what needs to happen, isn't it? collaboration across the board? ., �* , it? collaboration across the board? . �* , , , it? collaboration across the board? . �*, , , board? that's right, yes. so, so far, we've _ board? that's right, yes. so, so far, we've seen _ board? that's right, yes. so, so far, we've seen some - board? that's right, yes. so, | so far, we've seen some good first steps, so we've seen the uk government secure voluntary commitments from a number of companies to allow testing of their models. however, obviously, voluntary commitments only go so far when you've got big companies racing to what they think could be very, very big commercial prizes. so what we really want to see next is turning that into some real regulation, in the same way we would in other industries. if you think about automotive or drug industries, they we think they are fantastic with new capabilities, but we don't allow new versions of those onto the market without thinking about what they might do — make them safe and make them work for the objectives we have. them work for the ob'ectives we have. ., . them work for the ob'ectives we have. . . ., ~ , ., have. 0k. francine, thank you for taking _ have. 0k. francine, thank you for taking the _ have. 0k. francine, thank you for taking the time _ have. 0k. francine, thank you for taking the time to - have. 0k. francine, thank you for taking the time to talk - have. 0k. francine, thank you for taking the time to talk to l for taking the time to talk to us. we'll be interested to see how this develops in seoul in today and in the days ahead. really interesting. well, let's stay on this subject because microsft has unveiled a new range of personal computers that has generative ai capabilities built directly into its windows operating system. our north america business correspondent michelle fleury has all the details. the future of the pc may be here. microsoft announced new conversational artificial intelligence features for windows pcs and a line of surface tablet computers. one of the features, dubbed recall, is designed to help you find anything that you've viewed on your pc in the past.— your pc in the past. recall hels your pc in the past. recall helps you _ your pc in the past. recall helps you find _ your pc in the past. recall helps you find anything . your pc in the past. recall - helps you find anything you've ever seen on your pc before, all using natural language to simply describe those clues that you remember. there's also a live translation _ that you remember. there's also a live translation of _ that you remember. there's also a live translation of 44 _ a live translation of 44 languages into english and something for creative types, for example, as you draw in microsoft paint, ai generates an image based on your sketch. now, these tools are all powered with new ai chips to deliver longer battery life and all of this matters because today most ai software runs in the cloud, which uses a lot of energy. being able to work on the device, thanks to more processing power — well, that not only improves data security, it's also more climate friendly. microsoft is betting its new ai tricks will help kick—start a new era of pc sales. we'll be looking at financial markets later all of this news is giving the nasdaq a massive boost. it closed at another record high monday. we'll hopefully have time to show you markets a little later. to oil now, and the increasing pressure some shareholders are putting on the big producers' to hit climate targets. today in london, it's the annual meeting of shell shareholders and the oil giant will face a resolution from a group calling for it to align its business plans with the paris climate agreement. shell recently announced a downgrade in its carbon reduction plans. bp has made similar moves, and in the us, the oil major exxonmobil is in a showdown with a major pension fund after pursuing a lawsuit against activist investors to block a vote on its climate proposals. to help unpick all this, i'm joined by energy expert dr carole nakhle, ceo of crystol energy. good to have you on the programme. first of all, what can you tell us about these activists that will be at the shell shareholders' meeting today? shell shareholders' meeting toda ? , ., ., ., ~ shell shareholders' meeting toda? ., ~ ., today? good morning. we are seeinu today? good morning. we are seeing over— today? good morning. we are seeing over the _ today? good morning. we are seeing over the last _ today? good morning. we are seeing over the last few - today? good morning. we are seeing over the last few years j seeing over the last few years a stronger engagement of what we call shareholder climate activists and, of course, oil companies, because of their size and also because of what they do — their oil and gas operations throughout the supply chain — are easy targets and attractive targets for shareholder activists in order to voice their concerns about the companies' impact on climate change. so we should not expect any more agms — annual general meetings — of these companies to be uneventful. we should expect them to be more disruptive, in a sense whereby shareholder activists are going to voice their concerns. they are going to vote against some of the companies' strategies if they don't think they are aligned with the paris climate deal and also they are presenting their own resolutions in order to support their views and force companies to disclose more transparency on climate targets and also try to shape the strategy of the company going forward, and also draw greater attention and scrutiny and maybe influence our shareholders' action as well. but shouldn't, carole — you say an easy and an obvious target. shouldn't they be a target? shell, about. p, exxonmobil, some of the biggest oil companies in the world — when it comes to the climate crisis, these companies do need to change what they're doing, don't they? and actually they have watered down their carbon emissions targets since the war in ukraine. we understand, of course, things have changed dramatically for the global economy for lots of reasons. but shouldn't the pressure be on these companies? absolutely. eve one on these companies? absolutely. everyone should _ on these companies? absolutely. everyone should be _ on these companies? absolutely. everyone should be concerned . everyone should be concerned about companies, particularly oil and gas companies, because they are the ones extracting fossil fuel, they are the ones extracting fossilfuel, oiland they are the ones extracting fossilfuel, oil and gas, and they are the major contributors to climate change based on what the scientists are telling us. but let's be objective here. they are not the sole contributors to climate change. we are all contributing to climate change and we are all, therefore, responsible. but they do have the technology and they do have the technology and the capital to take actions to reduce the impact of their operations on climate change and to be fair of them... but and to be fair of them. .. but is it not _ and to be fair of them. .. but is it not a — and to be fair of them. .. but is it not a good _ and to be fair of them... but is it not a good thing, though, that they are put under pressure to be more transparent and upfront about what they are doing and the time frame in which they are doing it? i know you're arguing that we need to be objective, and of course we do need to be objective, but it does... you know, it is important that they are put under increased pressure as time goes by to be transparent about what they're doing and how they're aiming to reach their goals when it comes to carbon emissions. and; their goals when it comes to carbon emissions. any action that pushes _ carbon emissions. any action that pushes companies - carbon emissions. any action that pushes companies to - carbon emissions. any action - that pushes companies to become more transparent — be it on climate change or anything else, but particularly on climate change — is definitely a welcome development and should be supported, because that's how we improve governance and that's how you improve dialogue. but the big question remains — are these companies going to deliver because of that shareholder activism and pressure? and here we have to also be a little bit more balanced and look at what they have been doing so far. and some companies are doing better than others in terms of reducing their carbon footprint, but, of course, a lot more has to be done. but definitely any action that encourages greater transparency — and that is perhaps the most important contribution of shareholder activism that we expect to see push and force companies, including shell, to disclose more of their strategy when it comes@impact on climate change and what they are doing to reduce their carbon footprint.— to reduce their carbon footrint. �* , ., ., footprint. all right. dr carole nakhle, thank _ footprint. all right. dr carole nakhle, thank you _ footprint. all right. dr carole nakhle, thank you for - footprint. all right. dr carole j nakhle, thank you forjoining us once again. chief executive of crystol energy.— ok, so tech is everywhere, and proving to be the biggest influence on our modern lives and it's also leading our financial markets. the us tech stock index the nasdaq — that's where you'll find the likes of microsoft, apple and google listed — closed on an all—time high on monday, with al onc again in the driving seat. for more, joining me now is markets analyst anna macdonald. many are getting excited about the ai chip—maker inindividual its results are out on wednesday as well. anna, talk us through the market mayhem at the moment. well, as you say, the nasdaq's reached an all—time high and pushed again by one of the really big components, nvidia. results are due tomorrow. yesterday, three brokers raised their price targets and the stock itself is up about 91% this year, having beenjust stock itself is up about 91% this year, having been just a stellar performer in the year before. when you talk about the magnificent seven, actually there's been quite a divergent performance, with some stocks doing really, really well, such as nvidia that i've mentioned, microsoft. things that have done less well would be things like tesla and apple. they're put in one group but they haven't all been behaving they haven't all been behaving the same. they haven't all been behaving the same-— the same. when it comes to nvidia, stock _ the same. when it comes to nvidia, stock going - the same. when it comes to nvidia, stock going up - the same. when it comes to | nvidia, stock going up 914%, there's been a lot of chat about an ai bubble in markets, etc, etc. your thoughts on that? ~ , ., etc, etc. your thoughts on that? ~ ., ., , that? well, you have to be really in — that? well, you have to be really in the _ that? well, you have to be really in the right - that? well, you have to be really in the right players l that? well, you have to be i really in the right players and at this stage it's going to be quite hard to identify which are the second—order winners, whether it's going to be a software company or a publishing company or something like that. but what we all need are, at the moment, nvidia's chips, which are used to train all these large—language models that are being built. once that's happened, there may be other stocks that then can come to the fore, but nvidia is the big player and it has seen enormous revenue growth of over 240% enormous revenue growth of over 21t0% last year. so in a way, those kind of increases keep shooting the lights out with analysts and that's why that stock has done so well. anna, before you — stock has done so well. anna, before you go. _ stock has done so well. anna, before you go, i _ stock has done so well. anna, before you go, i want - stock has done so well. anna, before you go, i want to - stock has done so well. anna, before you go, i want to get i before you go, i want to get your take on the other story thank that's really moving markets all the time and that's, of course, when interest rates might come down interest rates might come down in the uk, the united states. we had inflation figures out in the us last week. we've got inflation numbers out tomorrow inflation numbers out tomorrow in the uk, and it's expected that inflation will come to just... down tojust that inflation will come to just... down to just over the bank of england's targets at around 2.1%. this is all moving markets and the value of sterling, the us dollar. your thoughts?— sterling, the us dollar. your thoughts? sterling, the us dollar. your thou~hts? . , ~ thoughts? yeah, absolutely. and actually the _ thoughts? yeah, absolutely. and actually the deputy _ thoughts? yeah, absolutely. and actually the deputy governor - actually the deputy governor was talking about inflation data yesterday and that has meant that, yes, we do anticipate some interest rate cuts this year in the ilk. 60% chanceis cuts this year in the ilk. 60% chance is baked in for... is being priced in for a june chance is baked in for... is being priced in for ajune cut and almost a 100% chance for an august cut, and that's because inflation has come down. but there are two different... there are differing views about whether that inflation is going to stay at 2.1% or hover around that. that's what the bank of england would love. but actually, whether we've got some wage increases that are going to push that rate up a little bit towards the end of the year, in the us, last week's data was a bit better than expected, which has caused this nice rally in stock markets, but, again, there is some uncertainty in the outlook. some uncertainty in the outlook-— some uncertainty in the outlook. �* �* , ., outlook. all right. an yeah, thank you- _ outlook. all right. an yeah, thank you. good _ outlook. all right. an yeah, thank you. good to - outlook. all right. an yeah, thank you. good to see - outlook. all right. an yeah, | thank you. good to see you. around the world and across the uk, this is bbc news. now on to news that have got the lawyers at car—makers bmw, jaguar land rover and volkswagen extremely busy. in the us, these car giants have been found to have used components from a chinese supplier banned in america over alleged forced labour ties according to a us congressional investigation. monica miller has the details from our asia business hub. monica, over to you. yeah, well, the head of the us senate finance committee says auto—makers are sticking their heads in the sand and then swearing they can't find any forced labour in their supply chains. now, part of their investigation found at least 8,000 bmw mini cooper cars were imported into the us with components made by the banned chinese firm jwd. now, this company was added to a us entity list back in 2023, which means its products are presumed to be made by using forced labour. now, this report also found that jaguar land rover had imported spare parts which included components that were made by jwd after the company was put on this banned list. however, it also says that car—maker is destroying any stock it holds around the world that includes these parts. also, back in february, vw said that thousands of its vehicles, including porsches and bentleys, had been held by authorities because they had a component in them that breached america's anti—forced labour laws. bmw has voluntarily informed customs officials about the issue. now, the three car—makers did not immediately respond to requests for comments from the bbc. 0k. comments from the bbc. ok. thank you very much for that. now to saudi arabia. the largest exporter of oil in the world is spending billions of dollars on tourism. this is part of its vision 2030 programme to diversify its economy away from crude. you may remember the recent bbc story we covered on part of that project, as an ex—intelligence officer told the bbc that saudi authorities permitted the use of lethal force to clear land for a futuristic desert city. the saudi government refused to comment. up until 2019, tourism accounted for under 1t% of saudi arabia's economic output. but the gulf state is looking to raise that to 10% by the end of the decade. to find out how, our middle east business correspondent spoke to mr ahmed al khateeb, saudi arabia's tourism minister. when we launched the national tourism strategy, it used to represent only 3% had both jobs and gdp. and we put a plan to drive this 3% to io%, in jobs and gdp, by 2030. and last year, we achieved 100 million tourists, 77 domestic and 27 million, they travelled from outside to come and experience saudi arabia.— saudi arabia. now, you mentioned _ saudi arabia. now, you mentioned that - saudi arabia. now, you mentioned that last - saudi arabia. now, you l mentioned that last year, saudi arabia. now, you - mentioned that last year, 27 million tourists, international tourists, visited saudi arabia, but the bulk of them were here for religious reasons. what will you do to ensure that more leisure travellers start visiting saudi arabia? because that's really the key if you want to grow this market. when we started _ want to grow this market. when we started in — want to grow this market. when we started in 2009, _ want to grow this market. when we started in 2009, almost - want to grow this market. when i we started in 2009, almost 90%, they came for religious reasons. last year, 50/50. we aim to increase the ledger to 70% of the 70 million that we are targeting to attract from international by 2030. we are building destinations. we are investing more than $800 billion to build new experiences.- billion to build new experiences. billion to build new exeriences. ~ , ., , experiences. will you be willinu experiences. will you be willing to _ experiences. will you be willing to ease _ experiences. will you be i willing to ease restrictions experiences. will you be - willing to ease restrictions on alcohol to attract more tourists?— alcohol to attract more tourists? ., ._ tourists? untiltoday, the oli , tourists? untiltoday, the policy, alcohol— tourists? untiltoday, the policy, alcohol policy, - tourists? until today, the - policy, alcohol policy, haven't changed and many people are travelling and coming to saudi arabia and enjoying the experience. arabia and en'oying the experience._ arabia and en'oying the experience. arabia and en'oying the exerience. �* ., experience. but are you willing to change _ experience. but are you willing to change that? _ experience. but are you willing to change that? because - experience. but are you willing to change that? because the l to change that? because the fact is that saudi arabia is looking to host some major international events in the future, whether it's the expo in 2030, the football world cup in 2030, the football world cup in 2034. in 2030, the football world cup in 203a. irate in 2030, the football world cup in 2034. ~ .. in 2030, the football world cup in 2034. ~ ., in 2034. we care about the exoerience _ in 2034. we care about the experience of _ in 2034. we care about the experience of the - in 2034. we care about the - experience of the international travellers and their satisfaction, but we will continue with the same policy. the biggest challenge for saudi arabia is to change the perception about the country. because the fact is that there are still many tourists in different parts of the world who look at saudi arabia as a closed and traditional society, where women have a lot of restrictions, human rights are still a big concern over here. so how do you plan to tackle that? ,,., ~ ., , ., ., so how do you plan to tackle that? ~ ., , ., ., . ., that? saudi arabia have changed a lot in the _ that? saudi arabia have changed a lot in the last _ that? saudi arabia have changed a lot in the last five, _ that? saudi arabia have changed a lot in the last five, six - a lot in the last five, six years, and today, it is considered the definitely safest countries. women's rights are there. western women here come and enjoy without any restrictions. the only restrictions. the only restriction is the dress code. we don't ask for the abaya, which the saudis wear, but we but we expect the women, when they come here, to respect the tradition of saudis and the culture of saudi and wear nice clothes when they are outside. interesting what's happening in saudi arabia. now, we've covered ai a lot in this programme — a game—changer set to transform our lives. but, as a business, how do you prepare for seismic changes like these? as they say in business, innovate or die and a new report out today takes a look at the companies who are ahead of the game currently and should avoid the so—called kodiak moment. if you don't know what that is, we'll explain. to find out more, i'm joined by professor howard yu, who heads the center for future readiness at imd business school, who are behind the research. good to have you on the programme. good to have you on the programme-— good to have you on the programme. good to have you on the rouramme. , ., ., , programme. great to be with ou. programme. great to be with you- so. _ programme. great to be with you- so. you've _ programme. great to be with you. so, you've been - programme. great to be with you. so, you've been lookingj programme. great to be with i you. so, you've been looking at vafious you. so, you've been looking at various industries _ you. so, you've been looking at various industries - _ you. so, you've been looking at various industries - the - various industries — the financial sector, the car sector, the other sector, goods, goods that we all buy in huge amounts. so let's just start with cars to begin with. who's ahead of the game? well, tesla still own _ who's ahead of the game? well, tesla still own the _ who's ahead of the game? well, tesla still own the top _ who's ahead of the game? well, tesla still own the top spot, - tesla still own the top spot, but its unparalleled advantage has been over. we see the rapid rise of chinese car—maker byd, and all the mainstream car companies such as vw and bmw, mercedes, really move up in terms of the relative score. so the landscape is getting really heated up these days in 2024. and how does tesla remain ahead of the pack? i mean that's the question that elon musk and his team are grappling with, aren't they? because, as you say, the competition is heating up. well, in the electric vehicles, there are two dimensions. you could think about battery technology and the electric drive train, but the other aspect is semiconductor design, these microcontrolers, as well as the software, delivered over the air as well as autopilot. now, in the software element, tesla or elon musk really still have a little bit of an advantage, although battery has been advertised. so elon musk has to work out that robo—taxi very, very soon. shill has to work out that robo-taxi very. very soon-— very, very soon. all right. let's very, very soon. all right. let's talk _ very, very soon. all right. let's talk about _ very, very soon. all right. let's talk about consumer packaged goods, which is basically all the stuff that we buy all the time. something i thought was quite interesting is that you say l'oreal now is essentially a tech company with lipstick. what do you mean by that? ~ , ., 4' lipstick. what do you mean by that? ~ , ., ~ ., that? well, if you think about consumer-packaged - that? well, if you think about consumer-packaged goods, l consumer—packaged goods, whether it's l'oreal, coca—cola, proctorand whether it's l'oreal, coca—cola, proctor and gamble, they sell stuff that you and i buy bulk volume, but what gives these companies advantages is digital supply chain, how they engage consumer and in the l'oreal experience, it's a personalised experience, helping to you try things out with augments reality application and they put the applications all the way from amazon to sapphora. so in a way, it is a technology company, so happen in the business of, you know, eyeliner and lipsticks and colour cosmetics in general. 50 and lipsticks and colour cosmetics in general. so you t it cosmetics in general. so you try it out _ cosmetics in general. so you try it out digitally. _ cosmetics in general. so you try it out digitally. would - cosmetics in general. so you try it out digitally. would it | try it out digitally. would it be like you've got an avatar that's putting on the eyeliner that's putting on the eyeliner that looks like you so you can see what it's like before you purchase? how does that work? in fact, they do augmented reality in very realistic terms, so you see your own face and you swipe and you try different hair colour, different hair colour, different eyeliner, and what l'oreal discovered is providing these technologies can triple these technologies can triple the conversion rate to sales. so these are notjust gimmicky, but actually deliver solid bottom line.— but actually deliver solid bottom line. , , , bottom line. 0k. very briefly. financial _ bottom line. 0k. very briefly. financial services. _ bottom line. 0k. very briefly. financial services. who - bottom line. 0k. very briefly. financial services. who was . bottom line. 0k. very briefly. i financial services. who was top of your list?— of your list? well t would be mastercard _ of your list? well t would be mastercard and _ of your list? well t would be mastercard and visa - of your list? well t would be mastercard and visa card, . of your list? well t would be i mastercard and visa card, the payment giants, but follow up with major big banks that are really innovative and pouring in a lot of investments, such as dbs in singapore and jpmorgan chase. but in the uk, hsbc have really gained some massive improvement over the last few years. 0k. well, last few years. ok. well, as always, it's fascinating and we haven't got enough time to dedicate to this, but thank you, professor howard yu, forjoining us on the programme from imd center for future readiness. let's take a look at the markets: that's the latest business and news. i'll see you soon. hello. we have had some late spring sunshine over recent days, also a few showers around — and we'll see a few more of them over the next few days. in fact, between tuesday and friday, the weather turns more unsettled. this is the rainfall we're expected to accumulate — and you can see, particularly across the northeast of scotland, some places will see close to 100 millimetres of rain by the end of the week, so things certainly turning more unsettled gradually. as for tuesday, after a bit of a misty, murky start, some scattered showers building during the afternoon, but they will be fairly hit—and—miss. i think tuesday will dawn with some sea fog across the far northeast of scotland, aberdeenshire towards orkney, also some mist and fog around some other north sea coasts, northern ireland, too. some patchy rain i think almost anywhere by the afternoon, but the areas most likely to see it, perhaps some heavy showers for the southwest of england, 1 or 2 in the southeast, could be some thunderstorms around. showers fairly few and far between across parts of wales, northern england, but some heavy, potentially thundery ones likely tuesday afternoon across northern ireland, and a scattering of showers for central parts of scotland, as well. some areas staying a little bit murky close to the north sea coasts all day tuesday, and that sea fog will roll back in across parts of scotland as we head overnight into wednesday. we'll also start to see more persistent rain working in across this zone of eastern england and central scotland. and it'll be quite a mild night, with those temperatures staying well in double figures. now, into wednesday — and low pressure looks like it'll move in from the near continent, and just push its way gradually further north across parts of northern england and scotland, as well. so you can see the blue and green colours indicating the more persistent spells of rain we're likely to see on wednesday around the east coast in particular. for northern ireland, wales, perhaps central and southern england, it'll be a day of sunny spells and some scattered showers, but temperatures down a notch compared to recent days — so highs between about 17—19 for most, but a little bit cooler close to some of those coasts. into thursday, we've still got low pressure — this time, it stalls across scotland in particular, so it's feeding in more moisture for parts of highland, aberdeenshire, for instance, as well. could be some localised flooding as those rainfall totals mount up. elsewhere, some sunshine, a few scattered showers, especially around some of those north sea coasts, and it is that bit cooler. so the middle of the week, fairly unsettled, some showers on the cards. it does look like the showers become fewer towards the weekend, and for some of us, those temperatures will be on the rise once again. bye— bye. good morning. welcome to breakfast with sally nugent and jon kay. our headlines today: plans to compensate victims of the infected blood scandal will be set out by the government today. the prime minister promises to pay "whatever it costs". on behalf of this and every government stretching back to thes 19705, i am truly sorry. it follows a damning public inquiry report, which concluded that thousands of victims had been failed repeatedly by the nhs and successive governments. vindicated to some extent that we're not all crazy, we weren't making it up. sad that my brother isn't here to see this day because he never believed that it would ever come to a conclusion. a woman in her 50s dies after a dog attack in east london. police remove two xl bullys from the house. how parents are pinching on pocket money. less is being handed out for nothing — with kids charging for chores instead. we look at why it can pay to help kids save from being small. hannah cockroft has gold in her sight... we speak to the seven—time paralympic champion about a huge year ahead on and off the track.