Discussed the risks to europes Largest Nuclear power plant and sap maricia or the plant has been under russian control since march, the facilities operated though by ukrainian staff and guarded by russian forces. Its come under repeated shelling and their fees if a major disaster, if Critical Infrastructure is hit. What is to is that if you didnt get that ice as we pull the clamps, the problem will be solved. And obviously the electricity from zip codes you use ukrainian direct 322 and 3. Its necessary, especially during the winter ford of ukrainian people. And these people must be fully respected place in nicaragua, have arrested a Catholic Bishop known for his criticism of president. Daniel ortega ortiz accused rolando virus, of inciting violence president or take a recently launched a crackdown on descent within the churches and its charities. Mexicos former attorney general. Yes. Murillo has been arrested on charges of forced disappearance, torture and obstruction of justice, relating to the disappearance of 43. 00 students in 2014 were low lead. The highly criticized original investigation on friday. The government called it a cover up at least 15 people, including 5 children, had been killed in a rocket attack on a market Northern Syria barriers under the control of turkey backed opposition fighters. Syrian Government Forces accused of carrying out fridays attack and retaliation for recent rained follow as the iraqi shia leader mac title. A solder have held protests in bagdad green zone on to friday. Pres, havent done demonstrating outside parliament for 3 weeks now. 10 months after general election, iraq still has no government because of disagreements on forming a coalition. Apple says its discovered a major security floor and its software and has issued an emergency update for all uses. And tech john says the floor could allow hackers to seize full control of its phones, tablets, and computers. Those the headlines in 5 stories next. Ah, the wine is running dry. Dropping water levels in germanys crucial river are threatening its shipping industry. So what will that mean for europes largest economy . Its been struggling and recent months. This is inside school. Ah. Hello and welcome to the program. Im how much am john . Many countries are in the grips of intense summer heat waves that are causing some of the worlds crucial rivers to dry up in parts of europe, waterways have dropped to near record levels, halting marine traffic and disrupting factories and industries. Now germany is facing a crisis. As the ryan river, its most important. Shipping route becomes difficult for ships to navigate. Thats not only affecting freight supplies and costs, but the Energy Sector to the disruption presents another challenge for europes largest economy. At a time of high inflation, Global Supply chain problems and a natural gas crisis, economists are now warning this will have an effect on the regions Economic Growth will bring in our guests in a moment. First, algebras dominic cane has more from cologne. It could almost be a picture postcard of the rhine goods barges chug up and down the river, while children explore the pebbles on the bank. And yet a closer look shows something else. For in most summers, much of this area would be submerged. But months of high temperatures and little or no rainfall have changed things, or we see right now with a low or water levels in reverse is the new normal or its even worse of the new normal will be even more extreme. We have seen a global temperature increase of 1. 2 degrees on global average right now seen from overhead. The situation is clear, this satellite image of nearby dusseldorf shows the river. Now, this one, how it was in the same place, 12 months ago, if the science of whats happening is clear, the Practical Application of it is causing problems for many different companies. The shipping ones in particular because they look at the rhine as it is now and have real concerns about how deep it is and how easily they can navigators. And crucially how much each of their vessels can carry. For women or 3rd, one ships bringing salt here from high up on usually carry almost 2200 tons. Now theyre arriving with 600. 00 tons and that shows the less water, the less cargo on the ships. And in this year of war in ukraine, there is another drawback with russian coal now embargoed across the e. U. Many companies have paid to ship a non russian alternative via the rhine instead. But as the demand has risen, so the water levels to allow it to be delivered have dwindled. Right now, most shipping companies are concentrating on the near future with autumn just weeks away. They expect its cooler, wetter weather to replenish the fine. But some Scientists Say that too could bring danger if it starts to rain on touchstone. Dr. Saws, the water can not infiltrate into the soil. And sir, we directly gets off his run off into the water. It runs out of the system of catchment and produces such restaurants as we know from, from california. For example, the rhine has run dryer in summer before, but not often. It will have to rain a lot to return the river to its more normal state dominant cane al jazeera cologne. All right, lets take a closer look at the river rhyme. Its one of the most important european rivers flowing through 6 countries, including switzerland, germany, and france. About 300000000. 00 tons of goods and products move through it each year. The ryan is germanys most important shipping route accounting for 80 percent of its water freight. But visual, se, barges are now carrying only one quarter to half of their usual capacity. An economist say the disruption could slow europes largest economy. All right, lets go ahead and bring in our guests in berlin or rick brooklyn, professor of Political Science at Stanford University in berlin. In the hungarian city of vesper, m. Nick sitter, professor of Public Policy at Central European university and b. I norwegian, business school. And in cologne, who bear to us bart managing director and head of research at the german economic institute. A warm welcome to you all and thanks so much for joining us on inside story today. All right, let me start with you. If the rhine becomes too difficult to navigate, how big of an impact is that end up having in germany both politically and economically . What we are doing now is delayed. No one will have. The one thing is you dont know what the weather will be, and the other thing is we never know what social development were up to. It can be very calm when people understand those criticize the government are minority and support of the government. But these are the crucial factor. What we can expect from the government is you can also expect that our corporations will understand how serious the situation is. But when i dont know what we can do from Climate Change on the difference between whether the Climate Change and we never know. Ready what is the turning point is in which people get upset, but the Government Coalition in german hubert is let me ask you how much will shipping disruptions impact germanys economy her things. But what is happening at the run over but now is the major problem. It certainly want to be run your search moments and moms for capacities on the right on the floor ships must be slow on to be totally still the same is true our capacities with my daughter in my recent month, unless we have had that before, we are for 4 years before the couple of weeks are fine, companies can give this more along with some developments. But whats closer right now is that we need more codes because we need additional code to replace russian gas. We dont have a capacity in the industry for example, we dont, we dont have to carry it up right away. So we need to become to read. This is nick. You heard to hubert, is there just talk about the issue of coal and how the flow of coal right now is in jeopardy . As i understand it, you know, that means that there could be shortages at coal fired power plants in the next couple of months. What kind of impact would a coal shortage have now for germany, especially as germany is attempting to lessen its dependence on russian gas . I think what were going to see here is that what we thought are asked processing energy as your environment lists. You really has a broader strategic issue. So i think despite all the uncertainty a coal shortage, what will clearly have an effect on energy prices, not just in germany, but in all of europe. And if theres a shortage of energy and what were really looking at is possibility of rationing. And were certainly looking at the possibility of a decline of German Economy have an enormous effect on all the Central European countries. Well, what i would add to what weve heard is that the danger of what you might call a political effect of populace protest on the left and the right against politically Higher Energy prices, which made to stabilize governments. Which in a very, very good example of that and it lead. Oh rick, you heard doug huberts is there talked about the fact that whats happening with the rhine right now has happened before the last time was as he said in 2018. And you know, german industry last billions of dollars, then as, as a result, is the government going to have to come up with some kind of a plan to better deal with this Going Forward . Can they but it is not just one factor, then we have to focus on this and we move out of the pendency or stabilize the situation over the beginning of the war until today. They have so many factors that affected your channel. We expect that if we have the shortage on the cross and then it turned out that they dont have enough water will them out and they needed support from other countries. We needed your solution for. Ready how do we practically enforce in case one of your members is getting in trouble. But this is just a framework and we dont know yet at what point is having problems based on what kinds of shortage is such a sensitive, unstable librium at the moment that its too early to tell what is the violence, whether it be and other charges and even the hours to tack on one of the gas torches. And thats will have a major effect on. And as far as its not really on gas, nick, i want to take a step back for a moment and look up a wider issue here. One of the reasons that people are so concerned about all this right now is because of russia Cutting Energy supplies to the european union. From your perspective is the you coming up with an effective strategy for gradually reducing its dependency on russian gas . Oh yeah, i think it very much is, i mean, already the spring march night, we saw the beginnings of an outline of a plan which involves replacing some rushes pipeline gas with gas from other countries through pipeline. That means norway, that means as a john africa, a 2nd element of it is replacing pipeline gas with liquefied natural gas. Shipping by boat on the 3rd element is more use of other Energy Sources thats called me plants, alternative energy. A 4th of course is energy savings, which was the number of European Countries in practice already with guidelines about how far you can pull up a billing to summer and heat them in the winter. So i think theres already a plan coming together here where i think the tension is going to be is 2 things. One is the cost. How do we just be the cost a Higher Energy and quickly, how are you push it onto the consumer . Each of in countries come up to different model. And the 2nd, yes, you have so dirty. Where for example, countries like spain are asking why they should contribute solidarity to what is in their view, the consequence. Germans relying on cheap russian gas, which had a security problem element, which wasnt recognized until now. Who birth is it look to me like you were nodding along to some of what nick was saying there . Did you want to jump in . But i think indeed its a big project for europe, and germany is definitely to review the content energy from ross. We got about of code from russ on your phone. Not that has already been done. We are getting a real limiting to 0 going on in the gap in that means that we need a different and we need to different because its not about the amount of and the result of the author, the propensity one of the, one of the bottlenecks we have to cross the ts that underway on an on the railway that thats the problem in the moment. Thats a difficult, difficult, but at that moment the fact that we can use the run around about one foot compressor can make that for her neck hurts for another company. And these can definitely right . Yes. Who versus when it comes to this bottleneck . When it comes to talking again about the rhine river, i mean from your perspective, are there concrete measures that could be taken to ensure that the ryan can still be used by ships even during times of droughts . Lets say this. No. So or you can do, but were discussing about the name of the ryan river, at least in part of the raw drivers are going and then to launch some project that is being discussed now. And then the government wants to start the project. You ready . Own it . So in just higher, but when youre talking about Climate Change and about a less rain in some more series of water levers more to the river, thats one of the adaptation measures which is necessary to process their presence metro speak to them. Oh rick, i, i know you talked earlier about how difficult it is to predict whats going to happen Going Forward. I mean, there is no crystal ball. You can gaze into to see what is going to happen. But, but let me ask you about the mood of the german people right now. Are they largely supportive of the governments policies thus far or, or is, you know, real concerned growing where our government just came our year ago has very, very a change. And the change was about lead sky to germany, our base cost economy. So the general sentiment is they are doing the right thing and they want not only to get some reports from russia, they want to relaunch the term the economy based on so from that perspective is a lot of acceptance. That one could expect unless the major problems in the way it is managed and that remains to be seen if there were often. But i think germany isnt under performer in terms of. Ready sodium, if you just see what happens when they learn what the situation is about 5030, the right eyebrow, and then they activated. Ready and the from russia like this and even italy, that is not no one with the order of long seas to prepare for what if they manage much faster than germany to move out. And so the storage is in a situation that wasnt easy as of other driving government. And germany right now is more improvising. They communicate pretty well. When it comes to the entertainment of several noticed people, whether he will be able to do this over a whole course, rita, that remains nick. I saw you reacting there to what the little rick was saying and it looked like you wanted to contribute to it. To go ahead please. Yes, i think this is, i think this is a very, very important point. But the real test ahead is the coming 4 to 8 months. Its the winter. I mean, what were looking at here is the situation to put it into a political perspective where i think put in is trying to create, encourage, exploit as much edition as she can in europe. Not mean jessica window of opportunity over the winter when europe is really, really ball interval. And thats why i think this kind of communication that were getting from germany minister saying we need to get through the winter. It is tremendously important. And i think these examples of, of italy in finland moving to get things into place to cope with a winter is important. The reason im saying that is, i think we often underestimate the 8 a symmetry in the relationship to in the even russia years. Almost like vulnerable and the coming site for 12 months. But after that, its russia thats horrible because the gas it used to sell to the market has nowhere else to go. So, but your face is short term sheet. But if we get through that, i think the real problem is russias and nick, just to follow up with you. I mean, how likely is it from your perspective that were going to see germany and the you as you know, the other countries as well relying on Energy RationingGoing Forward. I think its a very, very real possibility. I think that all trying to avoid it as much as possible. But i think what we see, particularly in germany and austria, is that the government is preparing the ground for some rushing to hit industry. I think what were, thats at least possible. What were already seeing is that governments across europe are instructing public bill. People in charge of public buildings to not cool them beyond 26. 00 degrees in the summer. Not heat them beyond 18 or 20 in the winter. Thats already rushed. Hubert, they could be wrong, looked like you had a point you wanted to make one of the main, the main point here is wrestling of mr. Guy not, not so much. I mean, we have to bit electricity production has to get that organized. We have to talk with high prices or the significance of the social problems, but never talk about reckoning. Its the metro get threatened, resume for a company. And then very much depends on a briefing. Believe get those 20 percent from russia to be get right now. Second, how good are they doing . Gas and then reusing consumption and the estimated one half of my rent. No, not too much. Do you think it would be much better if it would be very code rate again. Lizzie, my higher the risk of buy office cost if you had some guess significant, significant. Oh rick, i saw you reacting just now to what to say did you want to jump in . Now these are the necessary preconditions, but the government manage just as well and that it communicated well, storage as well. And that everyone is bored and that the social costs for a particular group that was addressed by what the government could do to help them. But these are all the necessary. It could always be that someone catch the potential for social unless its not a matter of fact the criteria and still can get out of it. If we d