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"meet the press daily." a vote poised for later today recommending their own former colleague in the house and a former white house chief of staff mark meadows should face criminal prosecution by the justice department for not cooperating with this january 6th congressional committee. this comes as the committee is going public with text messages sent to meadows january 6th. the texass sent from lawmakers, members of the press, fox news personalities even donald trump jr. committee chairman liz cheney read some aloud last night and again this morning. saying leaves no doubt the president knew what was happening during the insurrection. we should warn you, some text messages that congresswoman cheney disclosed include so profanity. >> we are under siege here at the capitol. they have breached the capitol. mark, protesters are literally storming the capitol. breaking woints windows on doors rushing in. is trump going to say something? there's a guard standing at the house chamber door. we are all helpless. potus has to come out and tell protesters to dissipate. someone is going to get killed. mark, he needs to stop this now. tell them to go home. potus needs to calm this shit down. here are a few others from republican members. "it is really bad up here on the hill. the president needs to stop this asap. fix this now." >> in some cases the committee kept the identities of who sent those messages private. in other cases they did not. >> as the violence continued, one of the president's sons texted mr. meadows. "he's got to condemn this shif asap. the capitol police tweet is not enough." donald trump jr. texted. meadows responded. "i'm pushing it hard. i agree." donald trump jr. texted again and again urging action by the president. "we need an oval office address. he has to lead now. it has gone too far and gotten out of hand." >> a spokesperson for donald trump jr. says he has no comment. folks, the january 6th committee is setting a clear warning to meadows they have potentially damning material whether he testifies or not and chairman of the committee betty thompson also said last night the committee will tell their story all at once in public hearing as democrats struggle to break through noise and distraction tactics in the echo chamber about what happened. think about that decision to make this a concentrated effort here. no more piecemeal pieces of this when they have it all, they present it all. maybe it's a ten-day window. maybe three-week window. i think we're about to see this genre a lot the watergate hearing or this generations contra hearing. it will leave a mark. with us, msnbc contributor and "washington post" reporter reporting what happened in the days before and after the january 6th attack. hunter walker, reported extensive on january 6th and its aftermath for rolling stone and an msnbc contributor as well. lee ann, start with you and the vote today. any reason to believe this, that there isn't going to about majority? the reason i hold that out there is, it's a -- i'm sure there are some members sitting there both wanting to vote for this because mark meadows was a member of congress, and some a little nervous about voting for it, because mark meadows was a member of congress? >> yeah. that's right. but i don't think there's going to be much question among democrats on how they're going to vote. the question for me is, how many republicans are going to vote for this con temple referral measure. last time with steve bannon nine republicans voted for it, and today, of course, circumstances are different. steve bannon was not an official in the white house at the time of january 6th or leading up to it. mark meadows, of course, is. so that claim of executive privilege that mark meadows is claiming, will that ring on deaf ears on capitol hill? especially on republicans or put it aside given what's gotten out. he was a form 0er member of congress, ran, top republican on the house oversight committee and who, there was a ton of theatrics when administration officials would not appear before congress at his request, of course, the obama administration officials at the time. so i'm looking to see how many republicans are willing to vote for this. one thing that is clear, though, chuck, is that if there was any doubt, which there was a lot of skepticism, that another committee would be able to unveil new information about leading up to and what happened on january 6th, there has been so much great reporting on it, books written. other committees in the senate who detailed a lot, but the committee has made clear that there is a lot of information that we still don't know, and they unveiled some of that last night and this morning, chuck. >> and i think, what the committee appears to be painting a picture of is that mark meadows at a minimum, was at least the concierge's desk of january 6th. meaning, he seemed to either hear of or know of a little bit of everything. everybody seemed to have his text message and it felt like, to me, the committee was telling him, look, even the text you haven't turned over, you do know that others who did text you have turned over stuff? is that your sense? >> absolutely. i mean, on the end of every text, phone call, message, email, on the end of it is another person who may or may not or has long been cooperating with the team. >> right. >> or their records have been subpoenaed and been turned over. meadows himself, the former chief of staff to donald trump, turned over a lot of the records we're hearing about now, and i think it's so important to emphasize that basically the committee is using a kind of polite legalistic language to say, we have got you coming and going. we know where you were and when, from lots of, you know, as lee ann pointed out, lots of good reporting beforehand, lots of books, one of which i was involved in, and lots of revelations that have come since. these conversations put mark meadows at the fulcrum of what happened in the days before january 5th and the day of. what's motor important, again, to use your beautiful watergate analogy, the key thing the committee is uncovering in different layers of the onion is what did the president know and when and ultimately what did he do? and mark meadows was on his shoulder or communicating it with others the entire time. as for the issue of executive privilege, i think i would emphasize that it's really hard with the kind of swiss cheese executive privilege claim that mark meadows has now. one that he's talked about, substance of some of this conversations with the president, and his medical condition in a book. some of which he's handed over in records to the committee, and, remember, he pulled back from cooperating, his limited cooperation, he pulled back from cooperating the committee when he learned that his private telephone records had been sought. private telephone records which he should have provided to the government and made a record as part of the presidential records act, as part of complying with the law, that establishes our history of presidencies. >> i'm going to get at that legal thing, try to get -- i'm curious of the different ways justice -- could they -- who would charge him with the crime, for instance, not cooperating with the presidential records act? something i want to unpack but i don't want to go down that road just yet. hunter, i would like you to tell us. you've got some reporting about some folks that were involved. they're going to name some names here. again, it feels like, whatever was happening on january 4th, 5th or 6th, either mark meadows knew or somebody texted him about the potential so that he, at least, knew of, in your reporting, are these folks going to end up connecting this to meadows as well? >> so based and my reporting which is an extensive series of interviews with dustin stockton and jennifer lynn lawrence. two veteran republican operatives involved in plans this ellipse rail and proceeding bus for trump tour part of the effort to overturn the election say during the course of that they raised concerns about the quote/unquote wild protests. the other major pro test that took place right outside the capitol and say one of the ellipse organizers actually brought the concerns to mark meadows, apparently that rally was allowed to continue, but i think as you and others pointed out, a bit of a broad side to meadows from the committee and not just testimony and text messages from other people involved that day, but he has to worry about also, the committee made very broad subpoenas to social media and telecom companies asking for phone records and emails. so based on what my sources are telling me the committee's going to hear a very serious allegation that meadows had an opportunity to prevent the violence, was made aware of it well before that day and they have enough subpoena power, enough lines in the water that they should be able to verify whether or not those claims are true. >> with that backdrop there that you gave us i want to play this clip. our own caught up with the lawyer for dustin stockton today. here's the back and forth he had. >> there are people that are very senior in the former president's orbit, and there are also even lawmakers among them who i believe have good reason to be quivering in their boots today. >> -- emails, phone records what are we talking about? >> we're talking about an all-encompassing slew of documents that include all sorts of communications that means email correspondences, text messages and the like. >> hunter, zero in on other members of congress here. that seems to be the next place this january 6th committee may be going. >> yeah. i think one thing that is apparent to me over the past few days is that the committee is not shying away from this question of involvement of members of congress. one thing stockton lawrence told me is that paul goesert dangled an overwhelming legal issue and trump suggested to goesert it could encourage them to get a pardon if participating in the protests and also participated in quote/unquote briefings, dozens of them with members of congress planning objectionsing on the house floor and on the rally stage to the election result. i think it's important that we all recognize that a lot of this played out before our eyes. president trump spoke onstage. members of congress spoke onstage. so we did already know they were involved, but these text messages and testimony from people like stockton lawrence are giving us an idea exactly what that looked like. >> charlie sykes, get to the issue of piercing the bubble. and it goes to -- hunter pointed out, we watched a lot of this unfold in realtime. there's a lot of -- i think a lot of people have put together 80% of this story with almost common sense and observations of trump and his words. you know? these are -- always said everybody in trump's orbit are terrible poker players's they don't hide anything. sort of seen it in plain sight. the question is piercing the bubbling on the right where this, where people understand the seriousness of what happened on january 6th. do you think we're headed in that direction? do you think betty thompson's pledge to dos they all at once, not piecemeal it, is a step in the right direction? >> i do think it's a step in the right direction although we need to be skeptical about piercing the bubble. three points. number one we know the would us was intimately involved what happened january 6th. >> you're shocked by that, right? >> hardly. the time with mark meadows raises the question, what did donald trump know and what did he know? an awful lot. number one. number two you pointed out this committee is turning out to be quite consequential. developing new information despite all the amazing journalism done. we are finding on a daily basis more information. and the blast radius is considerable. members of congress, fox news, finally as you point out, there's a lot more and they are going to make it public, but then the question is, does it actually make a difference? one of the things we saw with some of those text messages is the way in which fox news and much of the right wing immediateio ecosystem is just straight-up propaganda. laura ingraham in public terrible destroying your legacy. hours later goes on the air, tells the fox news audience, maybe it's antifa? maybe provocateurs, maybe it wasn't that bad. the ability to pivot and propagandize cannot be underestimated. most of the republican party understood exactly how terrible everything was on january 6th. they were in shock on january 7th. here we are on december 14th and they they've made their peace with it. we've seen the capacity of this bubble to resist contrary information. so i think the committee is doing the right thing. i think the committee is being much more affective than people thought. will it change hearts and minds in maga world? no. will it maybe move some of the squishy republicans, you know, if experience is any indicator, that may be a reach, but they have to do what they're doing now, and it's hard to predict what the environment will be next summer, for example. >> well, it's with that comment in mind, leigh ann caldwell, i bring it wack positive the vote on mark meadows today. how many republican members of congress are waiting to see if their texts will get revealed? and should we be looking at the votes perhaps of those that vote for this or not? and read into it a little bit? >> yeah. about the text messages, there's no secret on capitol hill that everyone had mark meadows' cell phone. reporters members of congress, republicans, democrats, everyone communicated with mark meadows. >> yeah. i had it. a lot of people had it. >> reporter: same as a member of congress and when white house chief of staff. i asked bennie thompson last night after adjourning if they would subpoena some of these members of congress, and he wouldn't say yet. he did say that these names are members were going to come out, and also he said there are some staff involvement as well that will also come out. also getting to the fact that they are talking to some of these people, which you mentioned before, for example, kash patel, forrer trump high-ranking department of defense official, deposed by the committee just last week, and it came out mark meadows was communicating with kash patel all day on january 6th. there's a lot of questions still, and a lot we still don't know, but as far as where members of congress are going to vote today, it has become clear some members were trying to still overturn this election, were sorry that it did not work out. you can be sure those people are not going to vote for criminal contempt today. >> no. four sure. we're just getting started on this story.caldwell, appreciate you all for grabbing, helping out distill pieces of this story. up next, as promised, get into the legal questions. new federal lawsuit just filed against the proud boys and oathkeepers. this by the district of columbia trying to up the fines of damage they did. plus, will the department of justice actually prosecute mark meadows? a question we're going to talk about, and, also, how could congress subpoena members of its own body? you're watching "meet the press daily." ing "meet the press daily." feel the difference with downy. ♪♪ ♪♪ ♪♪ age before beauty? why not both? visibly diminish wrinkled skin in... crepe corrector lotion... only from gold bond. xfinity rewards are our way of thanking you just for being with us. enjoy rewards like sing family fun nights! rent sing for $1, then belt out all your favorite tunes from the movie with sing karaoke. plus, see sing 2 in theaters with buy-one-get-one free fandango tickets. join over a million members by signing up for free on the xfinity app. our thanks. your rewards. welcome back. we have even more january 6th legal news developing in the last hour. the district attorney in washington, d.c., excuse me. attorney general in washington, d.c. announce add civil lawsuit against the proud boys and oathkeepers and several mens of both groups individually accusing them of planning the attack on the capitol. d.c. is suing for damping consulting the groups' actions "a coordinated act of domestic terrorism" this at the house votes later today to hold former chief of staff mark meadows in contempt. referring to the justice department for eventual legal prosecution. for more joined by former u.s. attorney and current msnbc legal analyst. chuck, basically three sort of legal questions for you here. and i want to start with meadows and this contempt charge, and what you think the conversation's going to be like at justice about whether to do this one and how different it is, in your mind, from the decision to charge steve bannon? >> well, i hope i have three apss for you, chuck, if you have three questions. >> you got it. >> first, i think it's a much more difficult case than the contempt case against steve bannon. let me explain why. bannon just refused to cooperate at all. he just snubbed the committee and walked away. meadows not only negotiated with the committee but provided thousands of documents to the committee. where he refused to cooperate, it was based on his invocation of whatever residual executive privilege remains in former president trump. now, based on my reading of the law, i don't think there is any valid residual executive privilege that trump possesses, but the courts have not fully resolved that issue. so it strikes me meadows can do two things. he can cooperate to some extent. provide documents and there are certain questions he can answer and those two make it much more difficult for the department of justice to file criminal charges against him. much more difficult. >> chuck, what are the rules of the january 6th committee, they have to abide by dealing with mark meadows' texts? i say that right now they have, he clearly gave them some texts's they decided, this is what they gave them so we're going to read them. others have given information where it appears to me shows that texted meadows but they don't have those mode o meadows which may have led to the subpoenas. any reason they can't use that evidence themselves or do they have to wait to clear up the issue of executive privilege? >> good question, chuck. so one observation i have, i think it's unfortunate that the committee is sort of exposing these text messages as it suits them in public rather than simply compiling information for its report. you know, when the 9/11 commission did its worth, of course, it held public hearings. in terms seeing what it gathered all the information anded of obtained we had to wait to read the reported and it was an extraordinary compelling and bipartisan support. so i wish congress wasn't doing it. simply collecting and analyzing and not piecemeal dropping parts of evidence into the public record right now. but you do raise a good question about executive privilege. so it's hard to know what we don't know. it's hard to know what they don't have. it's hard to know what they're trying to get, and where they might be running into some legal impediment, but that said, i really wish the committee would do its work more quietly. i think it would make its report in the end more compelling. >> what legal jeopardy does mark meadows have for not turning over certain records to the national archives? is there a crime? is this a criminal act or a civil, or a civil -- a civil disobedience here? >> another really good question, chuck. i think you're referring to the president's records act you find in title 44 of the united states code. my read of it is that there's no enforcement mechanism. when it was passed by congress in 1978 in the wake of watergate and concerns over the destruction of records by richard nixon, and those around him, what congress did is believe, rely, that presidents would act in good faith. in other words, presidents would make determinations what records needed to go to the archives for historical purposes. and they would preserve and protect their records and members of their senior staff would do the same thing. so it's possible theoretically if someone is destroying records it could, they could incur some other charge. maybe obstruction of justice, if there's an ongoing investigation, but the presidential records act itself doesn't contain an enforcement mechanism. there is no criminal penalty for failing to abide by it. we believe that presidents and senior staff will act in good faith. when you don't, you see the problem it generates. >> donald trump introduced the act, to me, way late in the idea that the expectation that people lacked in good faith. this should be the final piece of evidence that when you pass a law like that you better have an enforcement mechanism, because donald trump has proven you don't have one, you can literally blow right through the law. final question here is, bennie thompson has been very careful whenever he's asked about subpoenaing certain members of congress. whether mccarthy or paul gosar. how complicated is that for that committee? >> i think politically complicated, because the table's always turn. some other -- parties tradeoff running the house, running the senate, running the white house. so you'd want to be careful about setting political precedence for subpoenaing other members of congress. my hope, sort of like charlie brown, lucy and the football, and my hopes are often dashed, is that members of congress would want to simply cooperate, because they're members of this body and they would want to help get give the right answer. i mean -- i know. right, foolish, naive, i understand, but i don't know there's a legal impediment to subpoenaing other members of congress but may be a political one, chuck. >> well, that obviously certainly i think gives something many of those members of congress are thinking about. especially since control of that house chamber may indeed change in approximately a year. chuck rosenbaum, always helpful to get your expertise in here and you helped clarify a lot of things. thank you. up next, what the cdc director is saying today about the spread of omicron and how contagious this new variant is and how deadly. you're watching "meet the press daily". press daily". ain detergent co't keep up. turns out it's mostly water. so, we switched back to tide. one wash, stains are gone. [daughter] slurping don't pay for water. pay for clean. it's got to be tide. ♪ i see trees of green ♪ ♪ red roses too ♪ ♪ i see them bloom ♪ ♪ for me and you ♪ ♪ and i think to myself ♪ ♪ what a wonderful world ♪ a rich life is about more than just money. that's why at vanguard, you're more than just an investor, you're an owner so you can build a future for those you love. vanguard. become an owner. frequent heartburn? not anymore. the prilosec otc two-week challenge is helping people love what they love again. just one pill a day. 24 hours. zero heartburn. because life starts when heartburn stops. take the challenge at prilosecotc dot com. welcome back. we've got lots of new covid information today. starting with the omicron variant. identified now in 77 countries and 33 states in this country now the cdc has new information just how contagious and prevalent omicron may be. >> detecting it in surveillance here rate of about 3% across the nation, and about 13% here in new jersey and new york. >> is it more transmissible? is that the deal? >> so it is. it is more transmissible and we're seeing that in other countries as well, that it's rapidly becoming the more predom predomnant but i want to emphasize we have the tools now. >> and covid hospitalizations during south africa's omicron wave is down compared to previous waves they've dealt with and the same study found two dozes of the pfizer vaccine are 70% effective against severe illness. only 33% effective against all infections. what does that mean? aics inned bag. walensky cautions it's early data. vaccines are clearly the best line of defense even if omicron evades some immunity. joining me with more on this, the ceo and founder of advancing health equity. dr. blackstock, i feel like the great mixed bag. omicron is spreading rapidly, and it is not as severe. how do we take that, and should this be considered good news in this respect? that it will, will this consume the delta variant in short order? >> well, chuck, thanks for having me. that's the million dollar question. i will say i think it is still too early to tell, but as dr. walensky said, we have the tools to combat not only delta but omicron and also i feel like delta is the variant we really should be concerned about, because that's partly the dominant variant, but, know, we have those tools. the vaccines are still what we see from even the early data with omicron are still effective against the worst outcomes of covid-19 hospitalizations as well as deaths, but we also have to think about using those non-pharmaceutical interventions, really haven't been using. only about eight states have indoor mask mandates. rapid testing definitely made more available but we still have to go through insurance carriers. another barrier. still addressing ventilation and filtration. a layered strategy. vaccines are great but also we need to utilize other strategies. >> curious. look, you know, the anecdotal can sometimes mislead people. but if you just look around, and whether it's -- the sporting world. whether it's the post-thanksgiving holidays. there does seem to be an increased amount of covid that's popping up again. how much of this do you believe is sort of, more people adapting sort of living their life post-thanksgiving, and how much of this is the waning, you know, we're about six months removed from a lot of people with waning vaccine, and that this may be a booster problem? >> chuck, there are multiple reasons. you named some of them. it's colder weather. people socializing more indoors. had thanksgiving, upcoming holidays is one reason, and also know there's waning immunity against infection in four to six months. people are going to need to get boosters. we only have i think about 10% of the u.s. population is boosted. obviously we need to get the numbers up especially with omicron here and having the ability to evade immunity, but it's multiple reasons and, again, we have the tools to counteract that, but essentially, you know, everyone is sort of kind of living their lives like we're not in a pandemic and we're very much still in a pandemic. we have 1,200 people dieing a day and unfortunately that doesn't have to be the case. >> why, why are, why is the definition of fully vaccinated been so difficult? and the reason i say that is, why can't we just have a standard, and i've noticed this at my own company. a vague definition what fully vaccinated is. isn't it pretty clear fully vaccinated is either two doses and if you're six months from your second dose, booster? and that's the definition of fully vaccinated? period? like, why do we have other sort of vague definitions running around? >> chuck, i think we'll see the cdc change that definition of fully vaccinated very soon, because they're going to have to. i mean, you know, we have the data out there that boosters are needed, and i would say we -- boost we ares a misnomer. probably the primary series should be three doses. two initially and then one six months out from that. that is going to be the standard, but i do think that you know, for political reasons communications reasons the cdc is reticent coming out with changing that definition. they need to do so immediately, because i think people are getting more confused as a result. >> and, not only that, aren't the way we did the first two doses, that was because we in emergency. i've talked to a lot of scientists who indicate that actually we should spread out the second dose, and we've seen no guidance on that either. >> right. so no guidance on that either. definitely there is evidence that spacing out those primary doses does lead to a stronger and more prolonged immune response. obviously that's something we need to study more, but has to be revised in those guidelines and hasn't didn't one yet. i do think we have to be very careful in terms of updating, revising guidelines too often that may lead to confusion, but we need to do so when it's clear that the intent is clear essentially. >> well, the other point i know i steered you away from that point you were making earlier. this testing issue, doctor, it is -- we've been talking about the need to be able to have available testing for the entirety of this pandemic, and we still have not done it right. why? >> right. so i think for many reasons. we've had a chronically underfunded public health system that was one reason, and we treated testing especially rapid tests as sort of a medical tool when it's a public health tool. it doesn't need to go through the fda and bureaucracy of that sort of approval process. that's one reason. we also don't have a robust testing infrastructure. that speaks to how decentralized our health care system is. we still are behind almost two years out and we know that testing is one of those very important mitigation layers that is needed, because if someone techts positive, then they know to isolate. they know to tell people around them to quarantine. obviously that's not happening, because we don't have that infrastructure in place and people are still waiting three, four, five days to get their pcr results back and that unacceptable. >> especially if this thing is now endemic, we better build the infrastructure. >> exactly. >> always appreciate your expertise. thank you. coming up, the latest from kentucky's governor on the death toll from the devastating tornado as residents, officials and scientists try to understand what happened. you're watching "meet the press daily". o man, that's a whole lot of wrinkly at least my shoes look good! looking good start with bounce wrinkleguard, the megasheet designed to prevent wrinkles in the dryer. to make my vision a reality. i have to take every perspective, and see clearly from every point of view. with my varilux progressive lenses i seamlessly transition from near to far. and see every detail in sharp focus. when you see no limits, there are no limits. book now at your local essilor experts to push the limits of your vision. varilux lenses by essilor. when it comes to autism, finding the right words can be tough. finding understanding doesn't have to be. together, we can create a kinder, more inclusive world for the millions of people on the autism spectrum. go to autismspeaks.org welcome back. in a few minutes kentucky governor andy beshear will tour the damage from the tornado this weekend and ahead of the governor's tour he reported good news last hour. death toll in kentucky has not gone up from yesterday. the line of storms still blamed for at least 88 deaths in 5 states including 74 in kentucky and residents devastated like mayfield, kentucky, just beginning a process of trying to rebuild. kathy park joins me from mayfield, kentucky. kathy, this is one of those piece-by-piece, i get. it may take years and some may never fully be able to feel like they've built back. >> reporter: chuck, absolutely right. we've been out here several days now, and we're actually seeing signs of progress. ever since this morning, we have seen crews out working tirelessly to remove debris, dreier off sidewalk, the roadways, to start the rebuilding process. chuck, keep in mind, not only were homes and businesses completely leveled but the entire infrastructure of this community was shattered. so no power, no water, the natural gas lines were also shut off. but i can tell you this. if you swing the camera over to the left you'll notice the new power poles that are now up. so this is certainly good news. you certainly see a lot of activity on the ground, chuck. you see heavy machinery being brought in minute by minute. so essential this community is starting to, to move forward, but here i am in the downtown area, in mayfield. the population roughly around 10,000 in this community, but there really is devastation practically everywhere. so much history in this community. in fact, behind me is a century-old church. we spoke with a church member out here just a few moments ago. she was going through the rubble. i was asking her what are you looking for? she was looking for hand bells, because they were getting ready for christmas celebrations just a couple days ago when overnight their lives changed forever. take a listen. >> i've set up a photo booth where you could take your selfies and have fun and i set up a table for the children to decorate christmas ornaments, and we had lanterns on all the table it's. decorating to make it look nice and supposed to have a breakfast the next morning, the women of the church, to a bible study, and that didn't happen either. >> reporter: chuck, this place was more than just a place of worship. a place where people came together. they had events here, but now it's all gone. if there is any sort of silver lining in all of this, i was told all of their congregants, roughly around 100, they are all accounted for, all safe and doing okay today. chuck? >> that is a nice piece of news to end on there kathy. thanks very much. up next, digging into the science what we know and don't know about why these tornadoes happen not just in an unusual place, but at an unusual time. you're watching "meet the press daily". the press daily". ♪ ♪ ♪ downy's been taking you back, since way back. with freshness and softness you never forget. feel the difference with downy. ♪♪ this... is the planning effect. this is how it feels to know you have a wealth plan that covers everything that's important to you. this is what it's like to have a dedicated fidelity advisor looking at your full financial picture. making sure you have the right balance of risk and reward. and helping you plan for future generations. this is "the planning effect" from fidelity. the airport can be a real challenge for new homeowners who have become their parents... okay, everybody, let's do a ticket check. paper tickets. we're off to a horrible start. ...but we can overcome it. we're not gonna point out our houses, landmarks, or major highways during takeoff. don't buy anything. i packed so many delicious snacks. -they're -- -nope. would you say, ballpark, when group two is gonna get boarded? 2 hours and 58 minutes. progressive can't protect you from becoming your parents, but we can protect your home and auto when you bundle with us. someone should've left home earlier. welcome back. there may not be much you can do when dealing with tornadoes as powerful as the one that tore through state like kentucky the other night. kentucky, which was not part of what is traditionally part of tornado alley, is wondering if they need to prepare for this in the future. mr. brooks is from a part of the state that is tornado alley. mr. brooks, this is curious. if you look at a trend of noa tracking tornadoes year by year, you can see starting in about 1990, it looks as if more tornadoes have been identified. i'm curious, is that because our technology is better and there's more cameras and more people are identifying tornadoes than ever, or is this an increase that is real? >> that's an increase that is due to non-meteorological things. we put greater emphasis on collecting reports than we used to, there is more availability to cameras and all that. if we restricted our watching to ef-1 tornadoes, that number has been limited to one per year. >> it seems like we have general conditions, but we're still a long way to being pinpoint. how would you describe that advancement when it comes to trying to foreshadow tornado conditions? >> we're really good at the warning scale which is 15 to 20 minutes in saying this storm in particular is about to make a tornado. 30 years ago, we warned about violent tornadoes. we only warned about half of them in advance, and now it's more than 95%. we don't miss many of those. we've also made really big improvements in our forecasting of this area is likely to see tornadoes -- it's not pinpoint, but it is within a region we can do that now. in this case we started talking about this area being ripe for tornadoes a few days in advance. >> so, for instance, the la nina right now coming off the pacific, it means we'll have more warmer air circulating. so are you saying we could at least be able to tell certain communities, hey, look, we're going to have some storms in the next week, and by the way, the conditions could actually is that the best we can hope for these days? >> i think so, and more specific as we get closer in time. the regions we forecast for are smaller and the time windows are a little bit smaller as we get closer to those things, but we can in some cases start to say a week in advance you're likely to have tornadoes, and by region it might be a couple states of an area. by the time we get down to the day of the event, we're usually able to get down to something smaller than half a state or so and highlight those kinds of areas. >> a lot of laypeople who are concerned about climate change look at the fact that this is december, this is not march, april or may when we're used to seeing this more. if december is warmer, is tornado season going to change? >> we certainly get more tornadoes in wintertime with winters warmer than normal. similarly we get fewer tornadoes in the u.s. in the summertime if summer is warmer than normal. in terms of long-term climate trends, we have a pretty good idea that severe thunderstorms, not necessarily tornadic storms, will increase. we have fewer days than we did 40 years ago or 50 years ago with tornadoes but we have a lot of big days. 30 or 40 tornadoes occur five times more often than they did in the 1970s. so that's a big change. we have seen an increase in this region where this tornado saw all the devastation, we have seen an increase in 20% of tornadoes since 40 years ago. so i like to tell people, it's not a really huge change. you should have been prepared, kind of, anyway, because that means a once in a decade event is now once every nine years or once every 11 years. you get one of those events in your lifetime. you should be prepared, pretty much even without climate change, you should be prepared for storms. >> as a floridian, we're all our own experts when it comes to adaptation to hurricanes, and you want to fortify where you live now more than ever. should we be changing building codes in the center of this country more and more? should we have stricter building codes to prepare to try to create adaptive tornado strategies, i guess? >> well, building codes would certainly help, and even if you don't have a building code, you can still build to a higher level. when my wife and i put an addition onto our house 17 years ago, we built it way beyond the code. we have an in-residence shelter in our house that it's not going anywhere in a tornado, and we did hurricane strips and strapped the walls to the sofa. >> i can say this. i know a tornado researcher putting an addition on their house, i have a feeling i would feel safe in your house. thank you for coming on. >> you got it. up next, the detroit area shooting that killed four and injured seven. the shooter's parents, up next. t ♪ joy. fully. when our daughter and her kids moved in with us... our bargain detergent couldn't keep up. turns out it's mostly water. so, we switched back to tide. one wash, stains are gone. 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