Was with her father, mother and younger sister in severynivka, this is the buchan district of kyiv region, and in the first days of the war it was more or less calm there, so the family decided to stay in the village and not return to the capital where rockets had already arrived and in early march, when the buchan district was already full of occupiers in severynivka, and not only did enemy artillery begin to fly, of course people were hiding in basements, but it is hardly possible to say that it was safe there, so i can imagine with horror the feelings of arina, her nine sevenyearold sister, the main thing was the parents, who perfectly understood that it was impossible to stay, but it was also very dangerous to run away, look at severynivka, in order to leave for the south, no matter how hard it was, you had to jump out onto the zhytomyr highway and only then turn to motyzhyn or kopyliv. At that time , the road was already full of enemy vehicles, the situation was deadlocked, and the family still dared to flee to severynivtsi, er, to uman and along the zhytomyr highway near the village of motyzhinka polov. All this was told to me by the cousin of arinas father. That is, she is looking for her niece, because it turns out that the girl s parents were killed, their car was shot by the occupiers, the family was stabbed, and the elder arina was wounded in the leg somewhere, taken somewhere, taken away , nobody knows where, its scary to even imagine everything these are similar children, they didnt even have time to realize that their parents were dead, because the orcs immediately ran up to the shot car and took out the girls, the sisters, put the younger nineyearold girl in different cars, the occupiers later gave them to a foreign family in the nearest village and now she is safe, but the elder arina has a wounded leg they were taken to an unknown destination , imagine all this was told to adults by a nineyearold girl. She said that they were wounded, that their mother and father were somehow unconscious, and the orcs told them that they would be taken to the hospital. Of course, no one i didnt take my sister anywhere. Well, when they arrived and took them away, they simply put one in one car, the other put them in another. The fate of 16yearold arina yatsyuk still remains unknown, so i really ask everyone to look carefully at arinas photo , remember her face and those big dark eyes if anyone has seen the girl if anyone knows where she may be now dont delay any information is important who owns her call us magnolia child tracing service on the short number 116 000 from any mobile phone calls are free or write to the chatbot of the child tracing service in telegram, we have created a resource thanks to which you can report any crime against a child in any place at any time , just go to the site and report and we will launch all possible mechanisms to punish the criminal stopkray. Ua there are discounts on kvadevit 10 in pharmacies podorozhnyk bam and oskad there are coughs there are discounts on mukaltin 15 in pharmacies podorozhnyk bam and oskad every day there are messages with collections of funds to help the military and not only we collected in one day more than in the previous 8 years volunteering and donating is another manifestation of the struggle of ukrainians, the man threw it and he is in the army, the man and the donors certainly threw in money , someone just publishes a list of needs, and some people collect money in a creative way. She left for 75 thousand hryvnias, only the lighter. What are ukrainians not coming up with to help our military just send it to us as much as you can , even if its a repeat, just send it to us, just stylishly tell us about creative methods of accumulating funds documentary series from the ukrainianer project, how we collect millions this saturday at 11 10 a. M. , dont stress, watch this Weeks Program collaborators who develop propaganda channels in the occupied territories глаза выдольжны желаtь рабоtаtь and who in exchange for a position adjusted the fire in the cities of ukraine for traitors to ukraine, they gave 15 years old, on wednesday, september 6, at 5 45 p. M. , watch the program of collaborators with Olena Kononenko on the espresso tv channel, mykola veresen, Vitaliy Portnikov and the main topics of the week, if against ukraine applied god forbid really Tactical Nuclear weapons it will definitely change the world stories problems analysis and personalities we are waiting for john gerbs the former ambassador to the United States in ukraine thanks for the transformation you have questions you will get answers so the question is waiting how to deal with portnikov september that friday at 9 15 p. M. For espresso hello, this is freedom in the morning, the informational project of radio svoboda , top guests, every day, this is the shipping district of kherson. War in ukraine is the main topic for ukrainians victories and losses analysis and forecasts politics and geopolitics Serhiy Rudenko and the guests of his program will talk about all this people who have information and shape Public Opinion people who defend ukraine and create the future right now the main and interesting thing in the program is the verdict by Serhiy Rudenko from monday to friday at 8 00 p. M. Repeat at 12 10 p. M. Welcome to this exclusive interview on espresso. My name is yuri fizer and my guest today is the ambassador plenipotentiary and extraordinary of the United States of the United States of america in russia in 20112014, as well as the director of the Freeman Institute for International Studies at standford university, michael mcfall, we will talk to him about a lot of things, but mostly, to the great regret of russia, about the war that russia started last year and has already been leading for more than a year and a half about our victory. We are standing. Congratulations, maxim and thank you for joining. Thank you for the invitation. Victory is not only about this, well, uh, just the word, everything, my little pony , in 2001, you wrote an interesting book that i bought and read , the book is called the unfinished revolution in russia, political changes from gorbachev to putin , changes took place but why there was no revolution is difficult a big question that is difficult to answer when i wrote this book in 2001 , it was after ten or even 15 years, if you count the gorbachev period of political transformations in the soviet union and then russia , something was achieved then, or so we thought thought first of all the soviet empire collapsed and 15 countries including ukraine and the Russian Federation gained their independence and compared to other empire collapses it was relatively peaceful at least until last year secondly they made the transition from a predominantly commandadministrative economy to a market but in this book i wrote that the transition from dictatorship to democracy took place, but it was ambiguous and it is a bit disturbing that in this book, where i consider various elements, i said that democracy in russia was not consolidated and it is tragic that now, two decades later, we see that putin took advantage of these weak democratic institutions, he destroyed them today, i witnessed the return of the russian dictatorship. I think that this was known in advance, or that it would happen if, for example , boris kuntsov became the next president of russia , because there were plans to anoint him as boris yetsins successor, the tradition could have gone the other way , but in retrospect there is no doubt that these institutions were too weak, too fragile in 2000, when putin came to power, this allowed him george to actually destroy okay calm down you know him quite well is the putin of 2000 different from the putin of today thats a great question my answer is yes and no aa in 2000 he was antidemocratic but he wasnt like that from the beginning his first article about putin i wrote in 2000 warning the world about his antidemocratic actions he has always been an imperialist he paid for the collapse of the soviet union he is from the kgb and spent his whole life defending the soviet empire but 20 years ago he was much more pro promarket and prowestern on market reforms he lowered the individual income tax and moved russia to a flat tax of 13 he lowered corporate taxes and respected private property today this is no longer the case he restored strict state control over the economy especially after the invasion of your country secondly once he was open to interaction with the west. He even talked about russia joining nato. Expansion of the north atlantic alliance, but 20 years ago he was not afraid of nato, he wanted to join the alliance and even said about ukraine in 2002 that if ukraine wants to join nato, it is their business, not ours, so in these two aspects he has significantly changed his thinking and the last day he became a much more nationalistic patriot who allegedly professes conservative orthodox religious values, i wouldnt call it conservatism, but its something that didnt exist 25 years ago, he changed. I think one of the main drivers was that he became more authoritarian in order to be afraid of his people and therefore he needed an external enemy to justify his authoritarianism, that is when he became more anti western, antiukrainian, secondly, he is afraid not of nato expansion but of democratic expansion in 2000 georgia in 2003 most importantly the orange revolution in your country a threat to his authoritarian way of ruling and of course later the revolution of dignity became an even greater threat, but no longer to Russian Security and here i want to make it clear for 1941 from the time when hitler invaded the soviet there was no military threat to the union from the west against russia, and businessmen in forever in democracy threatened putins rule inside russia that the russians need a strong state, the russians do not need western methods of governance because they are different, i remember how in 2011 i was at a meeting with him but Vice President biden at the time and he talked for a long time about the fact that russia is not part of europe, is not part of the defense, he says that ukrainians are not a separate nation, that you are just russians with an accent. It was a historical coincidence that ukraine became an independent state, this is another of his very strange arguments that if ukrainians practice democracy, the slavic peoples can do it, that is what threatens the rule of vladimir putin. I think that this has become his obsession with your country in the first place, and also with my country, an enemy from the outside for to legitimize his dictatorship at home and he found this enemy, unfortunately uafeng, you are often called the architect of president obamas reset policy regarding russia , this was 1015 years ago, did you really believe that relations with the kremlin at that time could be changed i think there is a lot of misunderstanding of what we were trying to do then in 2009 we sat in the white house and determined our National Security interests and the highest priority one of such priorities was the need to cooperate with the kremlin then president medvedev in 2009 was radically different from that crazy medvedev that he has become today, it is very important to understand that he was completely different. Short range ended and president obama decided that the u. S. Missile Defense System meets the National Interests of the United States and that without the russians it is impossible to negotiate arms control, so he said that we need to enter into negotiations with them and the plane signed a new contract on the sno3 dsn o in 2010, after reducing Nuclear Weapons in the world by 30 , he decided that we should stop iran from maintaining Nuclear Weapons, and for this he wanted to introduce multilateral sanctions against iran, you can discuss what it was the right decision but obama wanted to impose a multilateral sanction for this russia had to vote with us which they did by the way at the meeting of the Un Security Council in the 10th year we decided to lead our troops to afghanistan in an effort to defeat terrorism there we were also going to fight terrorism outside the borders of afghanistan, including in pakistan, but at that time 95 of our supplies went through pakistan. So president obama had the idea that we need to diversify our supply routes to afghanistan. And this meant going through russia through the socalled Northern Distribution Network we had to negotiate with the russians and by the way we violated the sovereignty of pakistan in 2011 and killed bin laden himself we could only do this through diversification i think many people misunderstand our the desire to have good relations with russia, although maybe others believed. I dont even believe that the allies believed in this, as for me. We should not choose mood music or a positive attitude towards the country as our goal. The goal should be specific tasks that promote National Interests, in the case of my country, the interests of the United States of america, so for a while we did that. This is how it ended, of course, for two reasons firstly, putin returned and he was not interested in cooperating with us, and secondly, he fought off mass demonstrations against putins regime in 2011 and 2012, and putin accused us and me personally of these demonstrations and, as a result, cooperation on other issues such as iran or north korea or even syria, which was fixed in 201213 it turned out to be impossible with putin, who was in the kremlin, who is here to beat the beams of russia, it is not necessary, because you know them very well , since you lived in moscow for 4 years, why, according to some estimates, 8590 of russians support putin, is it because they are afraid of him, or maybe they are enchanted his imperialist ideas or maybe they just dont care why why is it hard to answer your question because its hard to understand what people in authoritarian countries really think its important to remember that you cant conduct a real poll in a country like russia or in any dictatorship because people are afraid to say what they really believe they have no incentive to say what is on their mind and secondly i got the impression that putin his horrible barbaric invasion of your country has a lot of support honestly saying, i am not surprised, but deeply disappointed, this is not just putin s war in ukraine it is the russians war in ukraine. We must admit that this is not a oneman war , that putin does not control everything in it, putin does not kidnap your children, he does not rape your children daughters and mothers are done by individual russians. I think it is very important to understand that it is the russians who are killing these crimes against humanity, and not only vladimir putin. Regarding your other question, it is definitely true that propaganda and repression work badly, so there were some brave ones. Here are the ones who protested on from the beginning, now some of them are serving 25year prison terms, for example, volodya kamurza , whom i know well, ilya yashin, they criticized the war and are now in prison, and this scares other russians from protesting the idea then when i live in russia in the 90s, i would never have thought that they are capable of reviving stalinism, this is the result of 20 years of propaganda by putin, it is not deeply disappointing, but there is another segment of Russian Society that simply lowered its head, they do not support the war, but not against them, they dont just try to stay away and these people instantly change their minds if they change the condition. If putin says to end the war, it s interesting where rushing garika sparov said in an interview with a ukrainian channel that russians are unfortunately getting used to war used to the war and y they are used to supporting her and putin present putting of course we will win in a while putin will lose but those russians who are used to war will remain do you think this could become a problem for both ukraine and the western allies i think this is a big problem and thats why i think that the western world the democratic world should do much more to make them pay the price for supporting this war i work with Andriy Yermak from the office of the president on the International Sanctions task force sentence that the western democratic world should increase sanctions so that people feel the war more directly, in particular, it is about the fact that too many components from the west are involved in the production of weapons in russia and this should stop. Too Many Russians who have not been sanctioned work for a company and a Political Party that support the war, so the sanctions need to be expanded too comfortably for the russians traveling to supposedly hostile countries is the world to stop 360 billion dollars that were frozen in the Russian Central Bank must be transferred for the reconstruction of ukraine so that the russians feel for themselves the consequences of the war that they support so in my opinion this is the first step then in the long term the defeat of putin s army must happen in your country it is necessary for the people to finally reject their imperial ambitions sometimes in 1991 they failed to do this there is a big difference between germany and 44 and russia in 1991, then Boris Yeltsin tried to put the communist party on trial , but there was not enough support. So they never had remorse, they never had an awareness of the evil that the soviet imperialism unfortunately, until putin loses this war inside russia , this process will not begin. What is putins biggest fear now . What could be the weakness of his rule, and again, a great question to which i unfortunately do not have a great answer. But i think there are several important things that i i would like to say about putin and his brevity that putin is such a match that cannot be cornered , he woul