hide your strength and bide your time. the hiding and biding are over. the iron rule of xi jinping. >> strong man, authoritarian dictator that he has become. >> he's the most powerful man in the world today. >> he's created a personality cult around himself. >> his vast ambition -- >> the chinese military has grown dramatically over the course of the last few years. we deserve this, we want this and we're going to take this. >> the threat to america. >> you want to man handle china? no. none of that is acceptable to the chinese government. >> controlling the chinese people. >> east, west, north, south, the party must control all. >> hundreds of millions of surveillance cameras and drones. >> big brother is always watching. >> there is the freedom to get rich. >> lamborghinis and ferraris. a lot of people were getting very, very rich. >> but get too rich, and you 3450i9 might disappear. >> where is jack ma? >> publicly criticizes the chinese authorities. you can't do that in china. >> fight the system, xi jinping will meet you with massive force. religion can make you an enemy of the state. >> cultural genocide going on here. >> what is the end game for china's supreme leader xi jinping? >> china's time is now. >> china has risen. >> good evening, i'm fareed zakaria. one in five people on this planet lives in china. 1.4 billion people. and the rise has been remarkable. in just a few decades, cities three times the size of new york sprang up out of dusty farm fields. 800 million people climbed from poverty to the middle class. beijing now has more billionaires than any other city in the world. china is, of course, a dictatorship. it forbids political expression, religious freedom, anger the government, and you can simply disappear. but for years this once-close country seemed to be opening up. not anymore. one man has changed the course of history. china's supreme leader, xi jinping. should the u.s. be afraid? should the world? polls show they are already are. more than 80% of americans do not trust president xi. the numbers are similar in democracies across the globe, and now new fears about china's growing military might. who is xi jinping? what does he want? let's start with two crucial days this year. the beating heart of democracy, the u.s. capitol. the beating heart of communism, tiananmen square. the certification of the new american president, the 100th anniversary of the communist party. a triumph in china, bursting with pride, marching as one. in washington americans at war with each other, tearing democracy apart. >> the chinese government saw that. >> xi jinping is set to have watched january 6th with revolt. >> that cannot happen in klchin. no. none of that was acceptable to the chinese government. >> that was the moment of the chinese saying, those americans, they're not who they think they are, and they're not who we think they are. >> he sees the united states as in a real decline and he sees a lot of dysfunctionally in american society. systemic racism, black lives matter, political gridlock in washington, the trump years, charlottesville. >> they see themselves as promoting border against the forces of chaos, and increasingly they see the united states as representing the forces of chaos. >> there was a time when xi loved america. especially the heartland town of muscatine, iowa. he studied farming there in the 1980s. then came back just as he was about to become president of china. "i feel," he says, "like i'm coming home." >> i want to welcome vice president xi to the oval office. >> xi also went to the white house and in l.a. he took in a lakers' game. >> felt confident, gregarious, even westernized in his way. >> america was charmed. >> it was inappropriate but i loved that man. >> so how did that xi jinping, viewed with so much hope, how did he become this xi jinping? >> xi jinping making a veiled threat against the united states. >> "anyone who tries to bully china," he says, "will be banging its head bloody against a great wall of steel." >> this indelible phrase that struck people around the world. >> many china scholars do not recognize the xi jinping they see now. >> i didn't see -- i don't think any of us saw the kind of dig thattorial sycophantic control freak that he has become. >> china is much more of a dictatorship today because of xi jinping. >> that's a recipe for serious danger. >> xi jinping is the most repressive leader china has seen since chairman mao. in just the last few months he has handed down dozens of new orders. they seek greater state control over everything from education to technology to entertainment. >> things as simple as who you can admire in the movies, every piece of entertainment culture. >> no more effeminate men on television. china calls them sissy men. >> which rock stars you want to support and how much you want to idolize them. >> also forbidden, karaoke songs that endanger national unity. many video games no longer allowed. >> the chinese public begins to say, well, hold on, you want control of what's in my heart and what's in my mind, what's left for me? and that's a very dangerous thing, actually, a very risky thing for the government to do. >> china has always censored the internet but now it's scrubbing its own home mmade entertainmen. popular television shows and movies have disappeared. and, of course, there is no google, no facebook, no snapchat, no instagram. some of that predated xi, but he has doubled down on a separate chinese tech nos fear. >> the chinese government said we're actually going to separate. we don't want a world wide web. >> they have tens of millions of monitors of social media 24/7 watching and taking down th postings like wham amoll. >> step by step over the course of the years xi jinping has been in power, he's been eating away at the domains of autonomy in chinese life and consolidating them into the hands of the party. >> in fact, the scholar elizabeth comeny describes xi jinping as embodying the country's third resolution. first came mao, the founder, and then dao xiaoping, the reformer and now xi jinping, bringing the communist party back into dominance everywhere. >> the chinese government really now controls the physical environment of the chinese people through hundreds of millions of surveillance cameras and droves that can identify people through facial recognition or even by how a chinese person walks. all of that information is transferred back to china's public security bureaus instantaneously. >> what they instituted under xi jinping is a kind of artificial intelligence and surveillance system that is unprecedented. this is orwell on steroids and that includes watching a xi jinping app on your cell phone. >> the xi app is on many chinese phones. its purpose, to help people study xi jinping's thoughts. that's right, study what he thinks about everything. >> his speeches, his activities, party dogma and take quizzes and they have to report those quizzes to the local party head of their work unit. >> there's even a game show. how much do you know about xi jinping thought? much of xi jinping thought is communist ideology and the central role he believes it should play in chinese life. but therein lies a central conflict, he's speaking socialism in a country where capitalism has been exploding for decades. >> socialist economy that was also one of the most ravenous consumers of luxury goods, things like lamborghini and ferraris and rolexes and louis vuitton. >> the rich had been getting richer, and in some cases, more decadent. there's a school for butlers. and a finishing school for children of the rich. young chinese billionaires often behave as badly as their counterparts around the world. >> translator: it's like raising a child. i have deep affection for my dog. >> this young man started a chinese version of pets.com and then used his money to build a mansion for his dog. xi is now cracking down on all kinds of private enterprise. >> he doesn't have a problem with them getting rich, but he wants them to get rich in a patriotic way. >> at the point of which it began to feel it was brushing up against the outer edges of his power and authority, that's the point at which it became intolerable. >> and he may be trying to quell a deeper fear, could communist china collapse the way the soviet union did? >> the dyeing cast is the soviet system. >> always in the back of his minds was the subject of the soviet collapse. why did it happen? >> for xi, the fall of the soviet union became an obsession. >> xi jinping often talks about the fall of the soviet union as a lesson for china. >> what accounted for it? what were the stresses? >> why did the soviet union collapse? >> xi's answer -- don't try to be too american. >> even though china has emulated america, china still is after all a socialist country. >> whatever economic reforms they engage in, you cannot allow political liberalization to accompany it. >> he would point to the soviet example as a sign that that's the risk we face. >> and that means the party must be seen as strong, clean and legitimate. it's ironic because no one has suffered more under communism than xi jinping himself. to understand it, we have to go back to tell the dramatic story of xi's childhood. it begins in the 1960s, the chaos of the cultural revolution. chairman mao wanted to reassert his control over the communist party. he accused it of being too liberal. he called for young people to rebel against the elite of their own party. >> basically turned chinese life upside down. all of the most powerful people found themselves suddenly attacked and criticized, often by some of the least powerful people. and xi jinping was right at the center of the storm. >> at the center of the storm because he was the son of privilege. >> his father was one of the leading revolutionaries of his generation. one of the people who created the people's republic of china. >> so his son had the best of everything. >> he literally grew up in a junior high leadership compound where all of the seniors worked and most lived. he had a very privileged existence in a very socialist society. >> they used to call themselves born red, which means they had been brought into this world with the expectation they would eventually lead and eventually take over the country. and then it all came apart. >> first xi's father was arrested, supposedly for supporting a play and a book that criticized mao zedong. his mother was forced to denounce his father. one of his sisters reportedly committed suicide. >> because she was being hounded so much for the family's political problems, and that's a fact that you won't see in the official party history. >> xi, still just a child, was forced to fight for his life in the streets of beijing. >> there was nobody at home. there were no parents at home for a very young teenager. >> and that teenager was trying to survive in the casous of a revolution. >> the cultural revolution was this implosion of chinese society right down to the family level, as kind of this inferno of all of the bonds and trust of hierarchy that organized society. >> in his late teens, the party sent xi how to work as a peasant in the countryside. >> he spent many, many years in a very poor county in northern china basically doing manual labor, being a farmer, feeding pigs. >> after years spent working as a farmhand, xi made a decision about his future. >> xi jinping about a very surprising thing, which is that he applied to become a member of the party. and not just once, he was rejected over and over and over again. he was rejected because his family name was now poisoned in chinese politics for this period of time. >> finally he gained admission to the party and began an almost 40-year climb up the ladder, but why? why would xi jinping, a victim of some of the worst cruelties of communism, devote his life to strengthening the party. >> xi jinping decided that his response to all of this pain and turmoil was to become, as he said, redder than red. to become the truist of true believers. >> the traumatic childhood of xi jinping might have made him softer, instead, it made him hard as steel. next up -- china versus the world. >> china's rising. china's becoming more assertive, and this is scaring countries. >> whether you have the president of the united states in the former of former president trump rallying against china, accusing china of raping the united states, you want to corner china? you want to manhandle china? china will stand up. now i'm ready for someone to call me mom. at northwestern mutual, our version of financial planning helps you live your dreams today. ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ new vicks vapostick. strong soothing vapors... help comfort your loved ones. for chest, neck, and back. it goes on clear. no mess just soothing comfort. try new vicks vapostick. football, is a game of inches. but it's also a game, of information. because the nfl is connected. and at any moment, the fate of the season can come down to this. billions of secure connections, per second. when the game is on the line and the game is always on the line touchdown! the nfl relies on cisco. in 2017 china fell in love with a new hero. his name was lane feng, a veteran of an elite chinese special forces unit known as the wolf warriors. "wolf warrior 2" became china's highest grossing film in all time in less than two weeks. >> this film broke the domestic box office records. >> breaking in close to $1 million. >> he isn't shy about being pro-china. >> it captured a mood in china, a newfound swagger in the world. much like the "rambo" films. >> mr. gorbachev, chair down this wall! mirrored the muscular reagan '80s. china's bold, new attitude became known as wolf warrior diplomacy. and its real-life champion is xi jinping. xi had made a big departure from decades of a very different chinese foreign policy. to understand how, we need to remember china's first leader mao zedong. mao was one of the world's most notorious revolutionaries, held bent on destroying western capitalism. >> retracted guerrilla war accomplished its ames. >> inspiring and aided insurgencies all over the globe. >> burma, thailand, malaysia, the philippines, the kaka mere ruth in cambodia. >> they called it the marxist movement. >> in america the shining page movement. >> even a nuclear apocalypse was acceptable to mao in his great struggle. if worst came to worst and half of mankind died, he said, imperialism would be raised to the ground and the whole world would become socialists. mao's successor xiaoping had a popular approach. his main goal was to make his poverty-stricken country rich, so he opened its borders to trade and saw peaceful coexistence with the west. >> dong xiaoping came up with a theory he called hide your strength and bide your time. just steadily invest in the chinese economy and just ease your way in to the international system. >> the first peacekeeping engineering unit. >> china funded the u.n. and provided humanitarian aid, a remarkable turnaround from the days of mao. >> the chinese communist party is about to announce a new leader. >> but when xi jinping took power in 2012 -- >> what can china and the world expect from the leadership of xi jinping? >> -- the time for hiding strength and biding time was over. xi declared a great rejuvenation for china, a return to its historic place as an undisputed world power. china once called itself the land between heaven and earth, outfacing the west with innovations like the compass and gunpowder. >> other countries would come and pay tribute. >> but beginning 2in the 19th century. >> the great city of hang high on a december day in 1947. >> foreign powers carved up the country. a period that became known as the century of humiliation. xi wants to move far away from that story of victimization and s seize china's destiny as a superpower. >> there's a sense of entitlement, this is our due. this is where we should be. >> now fate is really his hand. >> xi transformed china's military into a force that now rivals america in the region. and he's not afraid to use it. >> two nuclear powers facing off. >> in 2020 china seized about 100 square miles along its disputed border with india. >> and they fought with fists, clubs and rocks. >> at least two dozen died in vicious hand-to-hand combat. >> they built airfields, ports, deployed weapons there. >> xi's grass-growing fleet tried to extend its influence into the south china sea. >> china claims virtually all of it. >> harassing dozens of vessels. >> china snoot afraid to fight a war with the u.s. in the region. >> and even sinking ships. >> the international blowback against china, the willingness to see china as a threat, is directly because of xi jinping. >> xi's most defiant move occurred in hong kong. >> hong kong belongs to china once again. >> back in 1997 when the british returned the city to china, beijing had promised the world that it would allow autonomy and freedom there. >> the repeated reassurances to the people of hong kong. >> hong kong residents shall enjoy various rights and freedoms. >> not anymore. >> the political fete of hong kong remained by beijing. >> hong kong has changed beyond recognition. >> a sweeping international security law in 2020 -- >> 47 pro-democracy activists have been charged -- >> -- led to mass arrests of politicians. >> the press literally under attack. >> journalists are under direct physical threats. >> the end of a vibrant free press, and an orwellian network of party informants. just like any other city on the mainland. >> china is flexing its military might. >> many fear that xi's next target could be taiwan. >> china sees taiwan as a breakaway province that needs to be brought back into the fold. >> bringing the island democracy of 23 million under beijing's iron fist would be a crowning achievement for xi. the capstone of china's great rejuvenation. and while the risks of an invasion are sky high, there are reports that xi's military advisers have told him it would succeed. >> this problem is much closer to us than most think. >> could america aid taiwan? >> we have a commitment to taiwan, yes. >> but in more than a dozen war games over taiwan, authorized by the pentagon, china triumphed the pentagon, china triumphed every gives us the dual action effect that really takes care of both our teeth sensitivity as well as our gum issues. there's no question it's something that i would recommend. when you really need to sleep you reach for the really good stuff. new zzzquil ultra helps you sleep better and longer when you need it most. it's non habit forming and powered by the makers of nyquil. new zzzquil ultra. when you really really need to sleep. feeling sluggish or weighed down? it could be a sign that your digestive system isn't working at it's best taking metamucil everyday can help. metamucil psyllium fiber, gels to trap and remove the waste that weighs you down. it also helps lower cholesterol and slows sugar absorption to promote healthy blood sugar levels. so you can feel lighter and more energetic metamucil. support your daily digestive health. and try metamucil fiber thins. a great tasting and easy way to start your day. it's easy to understand why this man was embraced by the world as a symbol of a new era in communist china. meet jack ma, the founder of global internet giant alibaba, china's very own king of capitalism. ma rose out of poverty and became the richest person in china. he is the ultimate showman. ♪ can you see the love tonight ♪ >> known for putting on flamboyant, even bizarre performances for alibaba employees. jack ma became china's first celebrity ceo. he was not only famous inside of china -- >> i guess you heard of jack. >> -- he was embraced by the world's most powerful leaders. jack ma seemed more popular and admired than xi jinping. >> young people across the country who have photos of jack ma above their beds in ways historically you would have seen for mao. >> to understand how their could be a cult of mao in xi jinping's china, you need to know one thing -- >> in the beginning, xi jinping very much needed jack ma. >> china had missed the industrial revolution in the 19th century and america had invented internet by the end of the 20th century. >> china was not even connected to the internet yet. >> two days after xi jinping's opened china's doors, jack ma had his moments. >> china is opening, opened the door. >> he founded alibaba in 1999 as an online marketplace for small chinese businesses. >> all of these individual workers and small businesses around the country could suddenly be connected to the rest of the world. >> the company became an internet behemoth that sells everything from cars to high-end fashion and offers food delivery and financial services. it's china's amazon, google, ebay, paypal and more. by 2014, jack ma had arrived on the new york stock exchange to ring the bell. it was the world's biggest initial public offering. >> it's beat out facebook, intel, amazon, you name it. >> it unlocked a huge amount of economic potential. >> tech giants like alibaba show cased china's rise to the leading edge of economic and technological power. and then xi took control in 2012, many expected him to continue to open china's economy, like his predecessor. >> there was a belief among all of the leaders in the west china would continue to integrate towards a private sector led system. >> after decades of growth, fueled by china's private sector, xi had inherted the world's second largest economy. but china also faces serious challenges, an aging population, crippling debt and slowing export machine. >> a big concern for the leadership was how to keep the growth going. >> so they unleashed the tech sector. at first the companies seemed like copycats. that changed fast. >> no one out there thought china today would be a parity with the united states in major technologies. they thought these guys would steal stuff but they couldn't really innovate. >> by 2020 china's tech sector had exploded in size and impact, in some areas china's tech was even outpacing the united states. tiktok had taken the world by storm. china's didi beat out uber in china. jam ma's digital system alipay made cash and credit cards in china obsolete. and the parent company of alipay had grown into a financial giant. >> jack ma was on the one hand an asset to china and also from the communist party's perspective, a huge threat. >> just days before a group was anticipated to launch on the shanghai stock exchanges. >> china putting the breaks on the world's biggest ipo. >> this is a stunning turn of events. >> suddenly everything came to a screeching halt. >> what happened based on all reporting president xi jinping himself personally intervened to stop the ipo from going forward. >> with global investors still reeling, jack ma seemed to suddenly disappear. >> there are growing questions about the whereabouts of china's billionaire jack ma. >> where is jack ma? >> ma had given a speech of accusing chinese regulators of stifling innovation in a room full of government officials only ten days before ant's plan of ipo. >> you can't do that in china. >> if jack ma believed he could challenge the chinese political leadership and ultimately the party itself, then the entire et afis of control in china was at risk. >> the communist party had allowed ant group and other private tech companies to grow largely unregulated for a decade. they created a capital free for all, a wild west in which the government had never seen. >> companies like ant perceived to have amassed huge power. they gathered technology, they would gather data and gather capital. >> xi jinping decided enough and began the crackdown on big tech. >> it was this sudden assertion of political power in the face of what had felt like this almost inevitable growth of chinese commercial and capitalist power. >> xi wants capitalism but with a state that is in ultimate control. when jack ma appeared for the tiefrt time in a video since his disappearance, he seemed uncharacteristically subdued. is this the necessary reining in of an out-of-control system, or is it the end of china's capitalist golden age? >> even if it costs them a huge amount economically, that's a risk ha he's willing to take because from his perspective, the alternative is possibly the collapse of china itself. for strength and energy. woo hoo! ensure, complete balanced nutrition with 27 vitamins and minerals. and ensure complete with 30 grams of protein. ♪ ♪ trelegy for copd. ♪ birds flyin' high ♪ ♪ you know how i feel ♪ (coughing) ♪ breeze driftin' on by ♪ ♪ you know how i feel ♪ copd may have gotten you here, but you decide what's next. start a new day with trelegy. ♪ ...feelin' good ♪ no once-daily copd medicine has the power to treat copd in as many ways as trelegy. with three medicines in one inhaler, trelegy helps people breathe easier and improves lung function. it also helps prevent future flare-ups. trelegy won't replace a rescue inhaler for sudden breathing problems. tell your doctor if you have a heart condition or high blood pressure before taking it. do not take trelegy more than prescribed. trelegy may increase your risk of thrush, pneumonia, and osteoporosis. call your doctor if worsened breathing, chest pain, mouth or tongue swelling, problems urinating, vision changes, or eye pain occur. take a stand and start a new day with trelegy. ask your doctor about once-daily trelegy. and save at trelegy.com. welcome to silversneakers. are you ready to get moving? (throws punch) our new virtual classes were designed for you and millions of seniors like you. you can now choose from thousands of live virtual classes every week. get moving wherever you have an internet connection. and when you're ready, enjoy access to thousands of locations nationwide. with silversneakers, you're free to move. enroll today at no additional cost by visiting getsilversneakers dot com. is american democracy really in danger? i didn't want to believe it but the threat seems . two vehicles ran into shoppers in a bustling open-air market. >> may 2014, two suvs careened down a street, crashing through bodies and tossing explosives. a terrorist attack in china. just one in a series of strikes that rocked the country and killed dozens. the bloodshed reaches china's very heart, tiananmen square. >> those attacks really shook xi jinping. >> xi jinping is vowing to catch and severely punish those responsible. >> the attackers are uighurs, a largely muslim ethnic group with its own language and cultural. for xi jinping the uighurs become public enemy number one. he launches an unprecedented mass surveillance of their population in china's sh-xian region, building camp that's locked up more than 1 million people and ripped loves onces away from their families. former camp prisoners say uighurs have been tortured, forced into having abortions and even sterilized. detainees are brainwashed with communist party ideology. they're forced to speak mandarin rather than their own native language and they're forbidden from practicing the religion they followed their entire lives. >> there is a kind of cultural genocide going on here. >> why is xi doing this? because he sees uighurs as a threat to china's very survival. he's afraid they will split from the country and form a whole new nation. separatism is one of xi jinping's greatest fears, because he's seen it bring down a giant before. >> the symbol of the soviet union, fluttered down in a freezing moscow wind christmas night. nothing will ever be the same. >> when the soviet union was teetering on the edge of collapse -- >> gorbachev has destroyed the whole country. >> many of its republics demanded independence. >> the delicate fabric holding together the variety of ethnics republics in the soviet union is unraveling. >> one by one, those republics -- >> estonia, lithuania, mole diva. >> each dominated by an ethnic group, declared themselves free. >> seventh republic to declare itself -- >> 12th to declare independence. >> the lesson xi took from that, allowing cultural separatism could trigger collapse in china just as it had in the soviet union. so he is stamping out diversity in favor of a national chinese identity loyal to just one thing. >> i love the communist party of china, this man has written. >> the accusation that there is the kind of forcible brainwashing of the uighurs in detention camps that look a lot like concentration camps is part of the danger, part of what president xi worries about, a danger of separatism. >> translator: separatism is a crime in china. if anyone in china wants to split any part of china against china or from china, he or she becomes our public enemy. >> xi and his loyalists often respond with what aboutism. they argue what about american human rights abuses? >> if any country has practiced the genocide, it's not china. the enslavery of negro americans, for example, for hundreds of years, that's the real crime against humanity. >> china's abuses are mostly hidden from westernized. >> why are you here? >> we're here to film what we believe is a camp for uighurs. >> cnn journalists have been shut out of the camps. xi's war on the uighurs is part of a larger campaign to snuff out separatist threats everywhere. from schenn view, to tibet, to hong kong. it's one of the final pieces of china's revolution under xi jinping. >> for years china had an almost apologetic approach to its human rights abuses. xi jinping said that's not how we're going to talk about it. we're just going to do it. >> it's important for the west, in china, which is 100% chinese, there's not much sympathy for the uighurs. populist nationalism has swept the world and china is no exception. xi jinping has used that nationalism to keep his and the communist party's iron grip on power, no matter what the cost. i've always dreamed of seeing the world. but i'm not chasing my dream anymore. i made a financial plan to live it every day. ♪ at northwestern mutual, our version of financial planning helps you live your dreams today. find a northwestern mutual advisor at nm.com among my patients, i often see them have teeth sensitivity as well as gum issues. does it worry me? absolutely. sensodyne sensitivity & gum gives us the dual action effect that really takes care of both our teeth sensitivity as well as our gum issues. there's no question it's something that i would recommend. feeling sluggish or weighed down? it could be a sign that your digestive system isn't working at it's best taking metamucil everyday can help. metamucil psyllium fiber, gels to trap and remove the waste that weighs you down. it also helps lower cholesterol and slows sugar absorption to promote healthy blood sugar levels. so you can feel lighter and more energetic metamucil. support your daily digestive health. and try metamucil fiber thins. a great tasting and easy way to start your day. ♪ i want you to imagine for a moment what the world looks like to people living in china today. say to an average couple, their country, home to one of the greatest and moment ancient civilizations in the world, longer lead in science and technology, was largely isolated from the great wave of military and technological advancement that began in the west in the 16th century. it was late coming to the powerful economic gains that began with the industrial revolution in the 18th century. it was dominated by outside powers during the 19th century. and for the last century, when this chinese's couples parents and grandparents were alive, china suffered through a collapsing dynasty, civil wars, brutal occupation by japan and prolonged battle between the forces of chang shy day and moo sze dong. a struggle that plunged the country into 30 years of highly charged experiments, from the great leap forward to the cultural revolution, all of which failed. china by the late '70s was an exhausted, impoverished, isolated country with a revolutionary's regime whose red china cause had lost any global relevance. this china's couple's parents were among the poorest people in the world with the fewest options. then came deng xiaoping and his policies that opened china up to the market and the world. they had resulted not just in sustained peace and stability, but what the economist jeffrey sax has called the most successful development story in world history. for four decades china's economy grew at almost 10% per year and gdp per capita has jumped more than 25 fold. with this economic progress has come the creation of a new chinese society, much more open, more ambitious and confident of its place in the world. it's only natural people in china have a great measure of pride and satisfaction. and that can sometimes morph into overconfidence and arrogance. and when they hear criticisms of their country in the west, they may well wonder whether foreigners are just resentful of a china that has moved up so fast in the ranks of nations, whether america in particular wants to keep china in its place? it's a fair question. it's always been difficult for the existing superpower to find space for an up-and-coming one. but it is surely made far more difficult by china's third revolution, the changes that have been brought by its now supreme leader xi jinping. xi has moved china towards greater repression at home, with a smaller role for free markets and stronger insistence on communist ideology in every sphere. he's also pursued a more aggressive policy abroad. the architect of china's opening, deng xiaoping, spoke of the need for china to hide its strength and bide its time. but that was not simply a counsel to wait a few decades. deng understood china was so large, bordering so many countries with so many border disputes, that it needed to reassure the world. winston churchill once said russia was a riddled wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma. but china is a cornucopia, vast, teaming land full of contradictions. say anything about china, and you can find it in there and its opposite. will xi be able to control this sprawling country and force it along the lines he wishes? so far he's succeeded at home, but in doing so, he's making life for that average chinese couple less open and one in which their country is less admired. xi has changed china, but in a way that makes its rise on to the world stage far more dangerous. i'm fareed zakaria. thanks for watching. age is just a number. and mine's unlisted. try boost® high protein with 20 grams of protein for muscle health. versus 16 grams in ensure high protein. boost® high protein also has key nutrients for immune support. boost® high protein. when you really need to sleep you reach for the really good stuff. new zzzquil ultra helps you sleep better and longer when you need it most. it's non habit forming and powered by the makers of nyquil. new zzzquil ultra. when you really really need to sleep. i brought in ensure max protein, with thirty grams of protein. those who tried me felt more energy in just two weeks! 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