now on bbc news, tom brada explores the record spike in anti—semitism facing jews in the uk. you may find some of the language in this programme offensive. iam tom, i am tom, and iam tom, and i am a bbc i am tom, and i am a bbc journalist who also happens to be british and jewish. (bleep). i am proud _ be british and jewish. (bleep). i am proud of — be british and jewish. (bleep). i am proud of who _ be british and jewish. (bleep). i am proud of who i _ be british and jewish. (bleep). i am proud of who i am, - be british and jewish. (bleep). i am proud of who i am, but. be british and jewish. (bleep). | i am proud of who i am, but the past year has been complicated and sometimes frightening. fine and sometimes frightening. one of them came — and sometimes frightening. one of them came up _ and sometimes frightening. (he: of them came up the and sometimes frightening. (me: of them came up the driveway there and started attacking me. in the first six months of 2021 there was a record spike in anti—semitism. from controversy around the middle east to conspiracy theories and the toxic environment of social media, anyjewish people are questioning how safe it is to express who they are. i was like, i am — express who they are. i was like, i am jewish. _ express who they are. i was like, i am jewish. i- express who they are. i was like, i am jewish. i said - express who they are. i was like, i am jewish. i said i. express who they are. i was| like, i am jewish. i said i am black and — like, i am jewish. i said i am black and jewish _ like, i am jewish. i said i am black and jewish and - like, i am jewish. i said i am black and jewish and can - like, i am jewish. i said i amj black and jewish and can tell you that _ black and jewish and can tell you that is not the case. | you that is not the case. want to you that is not the case. i want to find out what is going on, and i am starting in burnley where ashley was an extreme example of anti—semitism. hi there. good afternoon. how are you doing? nice to meet you. this afternoon. how are you doing? nice to meet you.— nice to meet you. this is your grandad- _ nice to meet you. this is your grandad- the _ nice to meet you. this is your grandad. the smart _ nice to meet you. this is your grandad. the smart one - nice to meet you. this is your grandad. the smart one on i nice to meet you. this is your| grandad. the smart one on the stairs is me- — grandad. the smart one on the stairs is me. what _ grandad. the smart one on the stairs is me. what is _ grandad. the smart one on the stairs is me. what is your - stairs is me. what is your jewish heritage, - stairs is me. what is your jewish heritage, which i stairs is me. what is your i jewish heritage, which side? conversion. and when did you convert? ' ~ conversion. and when did you convert? 16. what made you convert? ie. what made you convert tojudaism? convert? 16. what made you convert to judaism? it i convert? 16. what made you convert to judaism? it was l convert? 16. what made you i convert to judaism? it was very welcoming- _ convert to judaism? it was very welcoming. when _ convert to judaism? it was very welcoming. when did _ convert to judaism? it was very welcoming. when did you i convert to judaism? it was very welcoming. when did you first | welcoming. when did you first start wearing _ welcoming. when did you first start wearing jewish _ welcoming. when did you first start wearing jewish garb? i welcoming. when did you first i start wearing jewish garb? when i converted- _ start wearing jewish garb? when i converted. did _ start wearing jewish garb? when i converted. did you _ start wearing jewish garb? when i converted. did you get - i converted. did you get attention? _ i converted. did you get attention? people i i converted. did you get attention? people kept| i converted. did you get i attention? people kept asking me personal _ attention? people kept asking me personal questions - attention? people kept asking me personal questions like i attention? people kept asking i me personal questions like well i circumcised, yeah.- i circumcised, yeah. presenting as someone — i circumcised, yeah. presenting as someone jewish, _ i circumcised, yeah. presenting as someone jewish, has - i circumcised, yeah. presenting as someone jewish, has that i as someonejewish, has that brought more problems, curiosity? i brought more problems, curiosity?— brought more problems, curiosity? brought more problems, curiosi ? ., ., ., ., ., curiosity? i have had a lot of curiosity _ curiosity? i have had a lot of curiosity and _ curiosity? i have had a lot of curiosity and some - curiosity? i have had a lot of| curiosity and some unwanted attention as well. [30 curiosity and some unwanted attention as well.— curiosity and some unwanted attention as well. do you ever feel tempted _ attention as well. do you ever feel tempted to _ attention as well. do you ever feel tempted to not _ attention as well. do you ever feel tempted to not wear i attention as well. do you ever feel tempted to not wear your skullcap or not... irlat feel tempted to not wear your skullcap or not. . ._ skullcap or not... not a chance- _ skullcap or not... not a chance. i _ skullcap or not... not a chance. i converted i skullcap or not... not a chance. i converted to l skullcap or not... not a i chance. i converted to the religion, i am chance. i converted to the religion, iam proud chance. i converted to the religion, i am proud of being jewish, i am religion, i am proud of being jewish, iam not religion, i am proud of being jewish, i am not going to start betraying that. in jewish, i am not going to start betraying that.— betraying that. in march 2020 ashley was — betraying that. in march 2020 ashley was attacked - betraying that. in march 2020 ashley was attacked by i betraying that. in march 2020 ashley was attacked by three | ashley was attacked by three men just outside his ashley was attacked by three menjust outside his home. the assault took place in front of his mum. assault took place in front of his mum-— assault took place in front of his mum. ~ ., his mum. we were going whether blue car is — his mum. we were going whether blue car is now, _ his mum. we were going whether blue car is now, but _ his mum. we were going whether blue car is now, but it _ his mum. we were going whether blue car is now, but it was - his mum. we were going whether blue car is now, but it was a i blue car is now, but it was a different coloured car, and they started shouting "dirty jew, look about dirtyjew". and they started attacking me, and i am full of blood, and with the adrenaline pumping. hour i am full of blood, and with the adrenaline pumping. how are ou in the the adrenaline pumping. how are you in the immediate _ the adrenaline pumping. how are you in the immediate aftermath l you in the immediate aftermath of what happened? mr; you in the immediate aftermath of what happened?— of what happened? my vision went in my — of what happened? my vision went in my left _ of what happened? my vision went in my left eye, - of what happened? my vision went in my left eye, face i of what happened? my vision went in my left eye, face full| went in my left eye, face full of blood, busted lip and everything. of blood, busted lip and everything-— of blood, busted lip and eve hina. ., ., everything. how long were you deafinu everything. how long were you dealing with — everything. how long were you dealing with the _ everything. how long were you dealing with the physical- dealing with the physical injuries and... dealing with the physical injuries and. . ._ dealing with the physical injuries and... about three or four weeks- _ injuries and... about three or four weeks. any _ injuries and. .. about three or four weeks. any mental- injuries and... about three or i four weeks. any mental injuries four weeks. any mental in'uries ofthe four weeks. any mental in'uries of the mi four weeks. any mental in'uries of the back of i four weeks. any mental in'uries of the back of it? i four weeks. any mental in'uries of the back of it? prso. h four weeks. any mental in'uries of the back of it? sto. ni- of the back of it? ptsd. it took me _ of the back of it? ptsd. it took me awhile _ of the back of it? ptsd. it took me awhile to - of the back of it? ptsd. it took me awhile to get i of the back of it? sto. |t| took me awhile to get back outside again.— took me awhile to get back outside again. quite a lot of --eole outside again. quite a lot of people came _ outside again. quite a lot of people came to _ outside again. quite a lot of people came to me - outside again. quite a lot of people came to me and i outside again. quite a lot ofj people came to me and said outside again. quite a lot of- people came to me and said are you 0k, do you need anything, stuff like that, it was really heartwarming. what does your jewish identity mean to you? everything. absolutely everything. it is my life. find everything. it is my life. and how does — everything. it is my life. and how does it _ everything. it is my life. and how does it make _ everything. it is my life. and how does it make you i everything. it is my life. and how does it make you feel about something that you hold clearly something that you hold clearly so dear to you, something you love about yourself is something that other people... hate. . . . something that other people... hate. , . , . something that other people... hate. , ., . . something that other people... hate. , ., ., it something that other people... hate._ it hurtsl hate. use as a target. it hurts me a lot. — hate. use as a target. it hurts me a lot, because _ hate. use as a target. it hurts me a lot, because what i hate. use as a target. it hurts me a lot, because what we i hate. use as a target. it hurts me a lot, because what we allj me a lot, because what we all wanted to live our lives in peace, it's never going happen though. i peace, it's never going happen thou~h. ., ., ., , though. i want to find out why there has _ though. i want to find out why there has been _ though. i want to find out why there has been a _ though. i want to find out why there has been a rise - though. i want to find out why there has been a rise in i there has been a rise in anti—semitism, what the identity of being jewish placing in people? lives and whether they sense that people feel prejudiced towards them because of that. i also think anti—semitism has started to take a different shape. it only takes going on the web like five minutes before i can come across, like, a bottomless pit of anti—semitic conspiracy theories. and whenever you come across this kind of prejudice it can make you question your identity and make you feel a little bit ashamed of who you are. and that is something i obviously really don't want to feel. so have things got worse forjews in this country? to find out, i am meeting up with dave rich, head of policy at a jewish charity called the community security trust. they gather reports from members of the public and share data with several police forces around the uk, keeping a record of how many anti—semitic imminent —— incidents take place each year. and so recently there has been a lot about anti—semitic hate crime in the news, what is the latest report you have produced?— latest report you have produced? latest report you have roduced? .. , produced? sadly during the recent conflicts _ produced? sadly during the recent conflicts in - produced? sadly during the recent conflicts in israel i produced? sadly during the | recent conflicts in israel and gaza in may this year, we recorded over 600 anti—semitic incidents in a 1—month period, which is more than we have ever seenin which is more than we have ever seen in a single month period since csc has been doing this work, since 1984. there was roughly four times the number of incidents we should have seenin of incidents we should have seen in that time period. 50 seen in that time period. so what is different this time around, why the surge has been so big compared to other spikes when they have been flareups in the middle east conflict? i think we can't ignore the role of social media in fuelling these spikes every time. perhaps one of the reasons why this bike was so big this time was because social media is just that much more pervasive in society, but much more image —based, and unfortunately in lots of different ways, it can drive it really extreme positions and attitudes and really drive hate in the off—line space because of what people are seeing online. 0ne people are seeing online. one of the things that was really different and quite worrying this time around was the number of anti—semitic incidents reported to us from schools and from universities. around one in four of all the incidents were recorded during that month of the conflict happened in an educational setting. the impact on the young people that experienced that anti—semitism is awful. i experienced that anti-semitism is awful. . ,., experienced that anti-semitism is awful. . ., ., is awful. i also wanted to ask dave if he — is awful. i also wanted to ask dave if he could _ is awful. i also wanted to ask dave if he could define i is awful. i also wanted to ask| dave if he could define where legitimate criticism of the israeli government lapses into anti—semitism. 50 israeli government lapses into anti-semitism._ israeli government lapses into anti-semitism. ., . anti-semitism. so someone walks down oxford _ anti-semitism. so someone walks down oxford street _ anti-semitism. so someone walks down oxford street waking - anti-semitism. so someone walks down oxford street waking up i down oxford street waking up palestinian flag and shouting "free palestine", that is not anti—semitic. but if someone walks past a synagogue or through a heavilyjewish through a heavily jewish neighbourhood, through a heavilyjewish neighbourhood, shouting "free palestine" at the jewish people on the street, in order to harassment and upset them, it takes on a different meaning and that is when you are seeing jewish people being targeted. anti—semitism is a type of racism. we do sometimes face a problem with some people who don't recognise it as a type of racism, it doesn't quite get the attention and the opposition that it ought to get, especially from, kind of, self—declared antiracist movements across a broad swathe of progressive politics. anti—semitism at schools and universities is complicated, and it is often tied to strong views about one tiny but hugely contentious place. israel. at bristol university, a professor allegedly made comments about israel which jewish students said made them feel targeted. i am eating a student who tackled the situation head—on. broadly, what were the controversial comments that he was making, what was it about? the comments that he was making, what was it about?— what was it about? the key stuff was — what was it about? the key stuff was definitely - what was it about? the key stuff was definitely that i stuff was definitely that jewish society was a pawn of the israeli state, that a bunch of students, implying that under 18—year—old that bristol were manufacturing complaints of anti—semitism to get rid of him. people thought i was a step over the line, saying that the israeli state doesn't have a right to exist any form, a lot of people had an issue about including myself. so what affected his _ about including myself. so what affected his statements - about including myself. so what affected his statements have i about including myself. so whatj affected his statements have on jewish students at the university? a, jewish students at the university?— jewish students at the universi 7�* ., ., , , university? a lot of students are very concerned - university? a lot of students are very concerned about i university? a lot of students i are very concerned about being in his class, i think it also created are generally quite hostile environment at bristol university. when i started the petition i got an e—mailfrom the electronic intifada who are unused blog, they wrote an article me, examples of the comments i received were" go die, scientists come, i have never seen the sheer volume of comments of anti—semitism before, so i did feel quite overwhelming to have this number of people know who i was, nowhere i go to uni, possibly know where i live. [30 possibly know where i live. do ou possibly know where i live. do you think people view presidents as —— againstjews as differently to have a perceive other kinds of prejudice? perceive other kinds of re'udice? �* . , perceive other kinds of re'udice? �* ,, , , prejudice? anti-semitism is problematic— prejudice? anti-semitism is problematic in _ prejudice? anti-semitism is problematic in how - prejudice? anti-semitism is problematic in how it - prejudice? anti-semitism is i problematic in how it manifest —— is often very subtle, and i don't think people should be scared of asking questions. racism is sometimes hard to understand, it becomes a micro— aggression and subtlety, people don't intend often to say things that are anti—semitic, i often don't think people go out with the intention of hurting other people's feelings. david miller denies _ other people's feelings. david miller denies he _ other people's feelings. david miller denies he was - miller denies he was anti—semitic, but in october after a 2—year investigation he was sacked by bristol university. he is appealing the decision, i reached out for, but did not receive a supply. —— reply. it highlights how difficult conversations around israel can be. that is true even among jewish families. i didn't grow up in a particularly religious home but my parents have always made me feel proud about being jewish. i invited them over to lunch to hear their points of view. hello mum! come in. hello. hello. hello mum! come in. hello. hello- i— hello mum! come in. hello. hello. i have _ hello mum! come in. hello. hello. i have had _ hello mum! come in. hello. hello. i have had times i hello mum! come in. hello. | hello. i have had times when you have called me and told me you have called me and told me you feel frightened. what is it specifically you feel frightened of?- specifically you feel frightened of? specifically you feel friuhtened of? ., �* , frightened of? you can't help but let frightened of? you can't help but get distressed _ frightened of? you can't help but get distressed when i frightened of? you can't help i but get distressed when people? views about a political situation —— people's views about the political situation bleed into the way they treat people in this country who are in no way responsible for that situation and whose views about that situation, you can't possibly know. when you are jewish and you begin to see prejudice, you think, we know what this is about, we have been here many, many times before. ,, before. do you feel the same wa ? i before. do you feel the same way? i think— before. do you feel the same way? i think this _ before. do you feel the same way? i think this is _ before. do you feel the same way? i think this is a - before. do you feel the same way? i think this is a very - way? i think this is a very balanced _ way? i think this is a very balanced society - way? i think this is a very balanced society and - way? i think this is a very balanced society and i - way? i think this is a very i balanced society and i think the majority of people would not buy— the majority of people would not buy into those kind of views _ not buy into those kind of views i _ not buy into those kind of views. i wouldn't equated with the sort — views. i wouldn't equated with the sort of anti—semitism that existed, — the sort of anti—semitism that existed, you know, in the 19th century— existed, you know, in the 19th century in _ existed, you know, in the 19th century in russia, or in... the 19305 — century in russia, or in... the 19305 in — century in russia, or in... the 1930s in germany. ijust don't think— 1930s in germany. ijust don't think that _ 1930s in germany. ijust don't think that if society could actually go there. because the majority— actually go there. because the majority of people here are not anti—semitic. sol majority of people here are not anti—semitic. so i don't feel personally under threat. it is kind of interesting _ personally underthreat. it 3 kind of interesting that mum feels it more keenly, but you feels it more keenly, but you feel it less keenly when you are the one whose history, personal family history, are the one whose history, personalfamily history, bears personal family history, bears more personalfamily history, bears more scars of what happened in the 20th century, more of your family, bluntly, were killed. i family, bluntly, were killed. i never met any of my grandparents, they all died in concentration camps. i had an uncle — concentration camps. i had an uncle and _ concentration camps. i had an uncle and cousin that died concentration camps. that i never— concentration camps. that i never knew. but i come from a family— never knew. but i come from a family where we put it behind us. ., ., ., , , ., us. how fundamental is your jewishness _ us. how fundamental is your jewishness to _ us. how fundamental is your jewishness to who _ us. how fundamental is your jewishness to who you - us. how fundamental is your jewishness to who you are? | us. how fundamental is your i jewishness to who you are? in m jewishness to who you are? in my public life i think of myself as... british. in my private life i am jewish, i am very stronglyjewish and i think a lot of my ethics are veryjewish. instinctively i very jewish. instinctively i thinkjewish veryjewish. instinctively i thinkjewish people as a minority, identify with other minorities. i think that would be one of the terrible things that might be the outcome of the rising anti—semitism, we might become more inward looking, whereas i think it is part of our ethics to identify with other people and do whatever we can to support them. ' . ., them. their difference of oinion them. their difference of opinion actually - them. their difference of - opinion actually demonstrates an important point. jews answer monolithic groups who think or feel, or even look the same way. i am feel, or even look the same way. iam meeting nadine, who is a black, jewish woman. i first heard about her last year when she called out anti—semitism on twitter. i think it was last year, you had an experience with wiley. yeah, he went on _ an experience with wiley. yeah, he went on twitter _ an experience with wiley. yeah, he went on twitter and - an experience with wiley. yeah, he went on twitter and said - an experience with wiley. yeah, he went on twitter and said a i he went on twitter and said a lot of anti—semitic nonsense. i basically responded to a lot of his tweets and said things like "what you are saying is wrong, jewish people don't hate like people, i am jewish people don't hate like people, iam black jewish people don't hate like people, i am black enjoys and can tell that is not the case." he responded saying i am not reallyjewish, he followed me on twitter, i think it demonstrated the complexity of what it can be like being a jewish person, or a black jewish person, or a black jewish person.— jewish person, or a black jewish person. what was the oane jewish person. what was the online space _ jewish person. what was the online space like _ jewish person. what was the online space like in - jewish person. what was the online space like in general. online space like in general for a person with your identity?— for a person with your identi ? , ., ., identity? oh, it is not good, a lot of the _ identity? oh, it is not good, a lot of the abuse _ identity? oh, it is not good, a lot of the abuse that - identity? oh, it is not good, a lot of the abuse that i - identity? oh, it is not good, a lot of the abuse that i tend i identity? oh, it is not good, a lot of the abuse that i tend to | lot of the abuse that i tend to get is often directed at the fact that i am black, i occasionally get a white supreme interest, and then on the other side of the fence being accused of hating jewish people —— white supremacist. when there is anything going on between israel and palestine, i could get things accusing me that i want to kill palestinians, to saying that i want to destroy israel, like, you just get ridiculous stuff. all racism is awful, point blank. do you think people, though, find it easier to understand racism directed towards people of colour than racism towards jews?- racism towards jews? yeah, i also think _ racism towards jews? yeah, i also think it _ racism towards jews? yeah, i also think it is _ racism towards jews? yeah, i also think it is in _ racism towards jews? yeah, i also think it is in part - also think it is in part because anti—semitism in europe is so deeply ingrained. it is a lot easier to recognise if someone calls me bn word or someone calls me bn word or some derogatory about my skin colour to know that it is racist. verses, if someone makes a comment like "jews run the media", it is not as overt. but i think they manifest themselves differently. in the zist themselves differently. in the 21st century, you don't have the kind of structural, socio—economic intergenerational inequality you see within black communities, as the same in the jewish community. but that doesn't mean the threat levels aren't serious. ijust doesn't mean the threat levels aren't serious. i just don't think people have a very solid understanding of what anti—semitism is, i don't think they talk about a very well. we are on the _ they talk about a very well. we are on the way to meet a young lady who works as a nurse in the east london hospital and backin the east london hospital and back in may, during the flareup of the conflict, she had an unpleasant experience while at work and i think what happened to her a good demonstration of how complicated things can be when israel is in the news and how it affects jewish people living in the uk.— living in the uk. hello, how are yon — living in the uk. hello, how are yon can _ living in the uk. hello, how are you. can you _ living in the uk. hello, how are you. can you tell - living in the uk. hello, how are you. can you tell me i living in the uk. hello, how are you. can you tell me al are you. can you tell me a little bit — are you. can you tell me a little bit about _ are you. can you tell me a little bit about what i are you. can you tell me a little bit about what you . are you. can you tell me a i little bit about what you do? i am a nurse in royal london hospital in whitechapel and a work on the intensive—care word for babies that are born to small, too soon or too sick. can you talk with you about the incident that happened to you a few months ago? i incident that happened to you a few months ago?— few months ago? i was downstairs _ few months ago? i was downstairs in _ few months ago? i was downstairs in the i few months ago? i was| downstairs in the prayer few months ago? i was - downstairs in the prayer room, the jewish prayer downstairs in the prayer room, thejewish prayer room, praying in the afternoon service and made my way back upstairs to the eighth floor and got in the left and two guys were in the left and two guys were in the left and two guys were in the left and ijust left and two guys were in the left and i just see them look at me on one of them terms to me and says, do you not believe in a free palestine? i said i amjewish. he in a free palestine? i said i am jewish. he said something along the line, how can they let someone that comes from someone that kill innocent children by the time he said that to do the doors open and i managed to get out. it all happened very quickly. obviously, it is putrefying and i am happy to discuss with someone their opinions and thoughts and the rallies and conflicts going on at the time and not in a very small lived with two big guys and just me without any emergency backup support. without any emergency backup su ort. ~ . without any emergency backup suuort. ~ ., , support. what was the first thing they _ support. what was the first thing they said _ support. what was the first thing they said to - support. what was the first thing they said to you i support. what was the first thing they said to you in i support. what was the first| thing they said to you in the left? , . r' left? they asked me ifi believed _ left? they asked me ifi believed in _ left? they asked me ifi believed in free - left? they asked me if i i believed in free palestine and i said i amjewish. it does not mean i don't believe in free palestine but that i don't want to get into the discussion with you but i think that made it worse. �* . you but i think that made it worse. ~ ., , , ., worse. and that is where you let worse. and that is where you get suner _ worse. and that is where you get super complicated i worse. and that is where you i get super complicated because there are people who aren't really supportive of the free palestine movement that by using anti— semitism it... it using anti- semitism it... it is using anti— semitism it... it is not my area of expertise but what i do know is that i don't think that whatever is going on in the world in terms of fighting, do you believe in this side or that some, that should not in fact anyone medical�*s that is happening i would never use someone's belief or religion or ethnicity or anything to decide howl belief or religion or ethnicity or anything to decide how i am going to treat them. the actions of _ going to treat them. the actions of the _ going to treat them. the actions of the israeli i actions of the israeli government can be criticising the same way as the actions of other countries. the familiar pattern is thatjewish people are made to feel unsafe when israel is in use. any —— i speak to someone outspoken in the criticism, francesca, but of a group of britishjewish activity campaign against the actions of the israeli government.- actions of the israeli government. actions of the israeli covernment. ~ , ., , actions of the israeli covernment. ~ , ., government. we see it as a moral crisis. _ government. we see it as a moral crisis. as _ government. we see it as a moral crisis. as jewish i government. we see it as a i moral crisis. as jewish people moral crisis. asjewish people we have values that are about loving other people, kindness, and we feel that the occupation goes directly against those values and therefore against ourjewish identities. i wanted to find a space where i did not feel like myjewish identity feel like my jewish identity was feel like myjewish identity was at odds with being a moral person. the goal is to shift the british jewish person. the goal is to shift the britishjewish community the british jewish community support for the the britishjewish community support for the occupation to be completely anti— occupation. the theory behind that being that there are various pillars that there are various pillars that hold up the occupation and one of them being diaspora support. one of them being diaspora su ort. . ,, one of them being diaspora suuort. . , support. have you ever been accused of — support. have you ever been accused of being _ support. have you ever been i accused of being anti-semitic? accused of being anti—semitic? yes stop we do get a lot of backlash from more right wing people and organisations. i think our feeling is that if we are ruffling feathers it kind of means we are putting out a good and challenging message that makes people think. haste that makes people think. have ou had that makes people think. have you had any — that makes people think. have you had any anti-semitism i that makes people think. have you had any anti—semitism come at you because of israel? you had any anti-semitism come at you because of israel?- at you because of israel? yes, i think often _ at you because of israel? yes, i think often people _ at you because of israel? yes, i think often people who i at you because of israel? yes, | i think often people who speak out against the occupation are seeing as the good jew and people want to drill you to understand if you are anti— occupation before feeling they can accept you as a jewish person, in ethnic cycles specifically. i have had people hold me to account that i have found problematic. but also we do have a responsibility to speak up against atrocities in the world and this is one we have a close study. does not mean we should be held responsible as diaspora dues but speaking out is important. —— jews. but speaking out is important. ——jews. i but speaking out is important. -- jews. ., ., , , .,~ -- jews. i want to speak directly _ -- jews. i want to speak directly to _ -- jews. i want to speak directly to someone i -- jews. i want to speak i directly to someone whose activism leads to accusations of anti—semitism sol activism leads to accusations of anti—semitism so i am meeting up with two youtube is to drive to a jewish community and filmed themselves challenging jewish people on the street. one of their videos has wrapped up almost 300,000 views. —— racked up. on a sunday, you come, it is full with different speakers — i have never come here. with different speakers - i have never come here. different seakers have never come here. different sneakers but _ have never come here. different speakers but also _ have never come here. different speakers but also people - have never come here. different speakers but also people from i speakers but also people from the lay audience. it is quite interesting and unpredictable. very volatile. from your perspective, how does the discussion around israel effect how people think aboutjewish people? how people think about jewish neale? x.., how people think about jewish neale? ., people? according to the definition _ people? according to the definition by _ people? according to the definition by the - people? according to the definition by the british i definition by the british government on anti—semitism from 2015, one of the definitions is when you hold jewish people responsible for the actions of the israeli government and that puts at risk people being anti—semitic and so it is very important that if someone is an apologist for israel or zionism should be eliminated or otherwise completely separated from jewishness.— completely separated from jewishness. isn't the title of our jewishness. isn't the title of your video. _ jewishness. isn't the title of your video, ms _ jewishness. isn't the title of your video, ms laduzko i jewishness. isn't the title of| your video, ms laduzko front israelis, doing exactly doing what you say should be done. —— british jewish stop what you say should be done. —— britishjewish stop what what you say should be done. —— british jewish stop what we're saying is there is a difference between israeli discourse or pro— israeli discourse. between israeli discourse or pro- israeli discourse. when we sa that pro- israeli discourse. when we say that we _ pro- israeli discourse. when we say that we mean _ pro- israeli discourse. when we say that we mean those - pro- israeli discourse. when we say that we mean those were i say that we mean those were sympathetic or apologetic to the policies of the israeli government, the policies of blocade, settlement. if we decide to oppose these policies, that should never be conflated with anti— jewishness. if we're going have any discussion whatsoever, if it does not generate some controversy, went on about some mundane issue which isn't with talking about.— talking about. specifically, that video, _ talking about. specifically, that video, it _ talking about. specifically, that video, it did _ talking about. specifically, that video, it did strike i talking about. specifically, j that video, it did strike me talking about. specifically, i that video, it did strike me as problematic in lots of ways and specifically the title of the video, muslims confront radical israelis was problematic and it was possibly a shock tactic headline in order to get more views in order to promote a more harmonious message but do you not see how that is problematic? there is a different way of communicating? you are objecting to radical israelis... you are ob'ecting to radical israelis. . ._ you are ob'ecting to radical israelis... �* , ., israelis... because you went to seak to israelis... because you went to speak to some _ israelis... because you went to speak to some fairly _ israelis... because you went to speak to some fairly religious i speak to some fairly religious jewish people who are british people and you don't know if they are israelis.— they are israelis. they identified _ they are israelis. they identified as _ they are israelis. they identified as such. i i they are israelis. they | identified as such. i did they are israelis. they i identified as such. i did not see a single _ identified as such. i did not see a single person - identified as such. i did not see a single person who i see a single person who identified as israelis. there is more than _ identified as israelis. there is more than one _ identified as israelis. there is more than one video i identified as israelis. there l is more than one video need identified as israelis. there i is more than one video need to watch all of them. they said they are dual nationals. that is not into that video. you have to look at all the videos. how do you think you can promote a sense of harmony between different community specifically with the jewish community in mind? we specifically with the jewish community in mind? we need to brina community in mind? we need to bring people _ community in mind? we need to bring people together. _ community in mind? we need to bring people together. you i community in mind? we need to bring people together. you will. bring people together. you will find that discrimination is usually in areas where people did not mix. a problem from both communities is a lack of integration but what we need to do is to bring people together from different religions, let them eat, play football together, and if there are disagreements they should be fleshed out but in a healthy manner with an eye or an intention to create unity and promote civic coexistence. i promote civic coexistence. i definitely think helping people understand one another better is an important part of dealing with prejudice but like nadine said, anti—semitism is a lot of people don't really understand so it did not end with the end of the second world war and it definitely did not begin with the creation of the state of israel. there are spikes when israel. there are spikes when israel is in the news but harmful stereotypes is something jewish people are aware of all of the time. anti—semitism sometimes is easy to recognise, it is those mad spirits if there is about world domination or someone being beaten up simply for who they are but i think it is equally important to clap tragedies when it is subtle, because it can be just as when it is subtle, because it can bejust as damaging. personally, i don't feel like we are in immediate danger of another holocaust but the point is that should not be the benchmark of whether things are ok or not. when we are in a situation where discrimination is normalised and people who say they feel unsafe are not being listened to, well, that is something i don't think any of us should be willing to accept. hello. we have a rather cold and windy weekend to come and there'll be some wet weather at times, especially on saturday — some showers or some showery rain and hill snow. drier for many on sunday. throughout the weekend, though, a chilly wind to contend with. what's going on? low pressure close to scotland as saturday begins will run south through the north sea as the weekend goes on. around it, showers or some longer spells of rain and hill snow, especially on saturday, and it's also dragging in another push of chilly air from the north—west. and it's not what those without power or working to restore power after storm arwen want to hear but it is going to be a rather cold weekend ahead with temperatures starting like this for saturday morning. just a few spots close to freezing, just a hint of frost here and there. there'll be early rain across eastern england clearing away to sunny spells, but then this curl of rain and hill snow through scotland, northern ireland, pushing into more of northern england, wales and the midlands as we go on through the day. north—west scotland starting to brighten up in the afternoon — just a few showers. the far south of wales and much of southern england, a lot of the day is going to be dry. it's blustery wherever you are — these are average speeds. some stronger gusts around particularly western coasts — 40—115 mph or so, so a risk of gates here — so it will feel colder than these temperatures might suggest, which are already down compared with what we had on friday. saturday evening and night, it's central and eastern parts of england with outbreaks of rain. some snow to the higher parts of the pennines and peak district. a few showers in the west but some clear spells, too, and where you have the clear spells, a greater chance of a frost going into sunday morning, especially in the countryside. and on sunday, well, the low pressure's here. for many, it's far enough away to allow a drier day but close to that across especially eastern parts of england, there'll be some outbreaks of rain around. they may just fringe into eastern scotland at times and also push a little further west towards the midlands. much of scotland, northern ireland, wales and the western side of england, bar the odd shower, will stay mainly dry. there'll still be a very brisk north—northwesterly breeze to contend with, so it will feel colder than these temperatures might suggest. and temperatures don't change much in the week ahead and especially during the first half of the week, it looks like we're going to have to contend with more wet and, at times, very windy weather. this is bbc world news, i'm simon pusey. our top stories: american prosecutors charge the parents of a teenager accused of a massacre at a school, saying they share responsibility. i will reiterate today that gun ownership is a right, and with that right comes great responsibility. the first data on the omicron variant of covid suggests vaccines are less effective at stopping it spreading, but they do make the symptoms less serious. it's possible that the omicron variant is able to overcome and cause infections even in previously vaccinated people. however, if they develop only mild illness, that means that the vaccines are still providing protection. scientists say they can now use gene—editing technology to determine the sex of mice, creating female or male—only litters.

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