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Credit: Ana Catarina Vieira de Castro Dogs trained using aversive stimuli, which involve punishments for incorrect behavior, show evidence of higher stress levels compared to dogs trained with reward-based methods, according to a study publishing December 16 in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Ana Catarina Vieira de Castro from the Universidade do Porto, Portugal, and colleagues. The researchers observed the behavior of 92 companion dogs from 7 dog training schools in Portugal that use either aversive methods (which use mainly aversive stimuli), reward methods (which focus on rewarding desired behaviours), and mixed methods (which combine the use of both rewards and aversive stimuli). They filmed training sessions and tested saliva samples for the stress-related hormone cortisol. Dogs trained using aversive and mixed methods displayed more stress-related behaviors, such as crouching and yelping, and showed greater increases in cortisol levels after training than dogs trained w

Regione friuli venezia giuliaUniversities federation for animal welfare grantUniversities federation for animal welfareAna catarina vieira de castroVieira de castroAnimal welfareFriuli veneziaபல்கலைக்கழகங்கள் கூட்டமைப்பு க்கு விலங்கு நலன்புரி மானியம்பல்கலைக்கழகங்கள் கூட்டமைப்பு க்கு விலங்கு நலன்புரிஅனா சாதாரண வியெர டி காஸ்ட்ரோவியெர டி காஸ்ட்ரோவிலங்கு நலன்புரிப்ர்ிஉலி வெனீசியா