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Return of the pack: African wild dogs epic journey to a new home in Malawi | Endangered species

Researchers recommend integrated pest management for fall armyworm

  Solutions to the massively destructive pest, fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda), are urgently needed. In Sub-Saharan Africa, governments have spent huge sums purchasing and distributing pesticides including many highly toxic chemicals that have been banned in other parts of the world as an emergency measure. Unfortunately, often even these chemicals are not effective but rather pose a significant risk to human health and the environment. Without proper training and the right advice about usage, smallholders often use the pesticides without following safety measures, such as wearing protective clothing while preparing or spraying the chemicals and the safe disposal of the used containers. This can result in short-term or chronic health problems, depending on duration of exposure, how much toxin is ingested and the pesticide toxicity.

Study Offers Earliest Evidence of Humans Changing Ecosystems with Fire

Study Offers Earliest Evidence of Humans Changing Ecosystems with Fire
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Team finds earliest signs of humans changing ecosystems with fire

The study, which appears in the journal Science Advances, combines archaeological evidence dense clusters of stone artifacts dating as far back as 92,000 years ago with paleoenvironmental data on the northern shores of Lake Malawi in eastern Africa to document that early humans were ecosystem engineers. They used fire in a way that prevented regrowth of the region’s forests, creating a sprawling bushland that exists today. “This is the earliest evidence I have seen of humans fundamentally transforming their ecosystem with fire,” says Jessica Thompson, assistant professor of anthropology at Yale University and the paper’s lead author. “It suggests that by the Late Pleistocene, humans were learning to use fire in truly novel ways. In this case, their burning caused replacement of the region’s forests with the open woodlands you see today.”

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