chunk of money that these states could qualify for. that is form of national policy coercion, is it not? i don t think coercion, i think they try to incentivise. in indiana, the governor there decided he was going not to participate in federal dollars. there is a stall wart states rights guy that realize we are cheating on ourselves if we don t have standards. i do think the federal government should and can incentivise standards but to the teacher accountability and charter schools and nobody was complaining about that. they thought that was great. why shouldn t they inconvenient size demanding standards? paul: you take massachusetts that had a reform in 1993 that imposed terrific standards. you saw test scores and