In Ethiopia, pesticides are widely used in vegetable production. However, if used incorrectly they may harm consumers of vegetables contaminated with pesticide residues, as well as producers handling the pesticides and lead to ecological damage. We performed a cross-sectional survey to assess pesticide residues level in vegetables produced in central and eastern Ethiopia. A total of 232 vegetable samples (91 tomatoes, 106 cabbages and 35 Swiss chard) were collected from fields and retail markets, and were screened for 35 pesticides (20 organophosphate, 14 organochlorine and a synergist, piperonyl butoxide) using GC-MS analysis. Pesticides residues were detected in 60% of Swiss chard, 47% of cabbage and 45% of tomato samples. Two or more pesticides were detected in 20% of cabbages, 13% of tomatoes and over half of Swiss chard samples. Bendiocarb, diazinon, endrin, piperonyl butoxide, profenofos and propargite were detected, but only diazinon, propargite and profenofos had residual value
Climate change is already exposing species to dangerous temperatures driving widespread population and geographical contractions. However, little is known about how these risks of thermal exposure will expand across species’ existing geographical ranges over time as climate change continues. Here, using geographical data for approximately 36,000 marine and terrestrial species and climate projections to 2100, we show that the area of each species’ geographical range at risk of thermal exposure will expand abruptly. On average, more than 50% of the increase in exposure projected for a species will occur in a single decade. This abruptness is partly due to the rapid pace of future projected warming but also because the greater area available at the warm end of thermal gradients constrains species to disproportionately occupy sites close to their upper thermal limit. These geographical constraints on the structure of species ranges operate both on land and in the ocean and mean
Peter Hanlon and colleagues conduct meta-analyses of individual participant data extracted from 120 randomised controlled trials to investigate whether comorbidity modifies treatment effects.
This open label clinical trial compares the effects of dexamethasone vs usual care on the number of days alive and free of mechanical ventilation at day 28 amon
As readers of The Lancet Regional Health – Western Pacific, along with the fact that
measles outbreaks have been warned of perfect storm of conditions for within 2022
by UNICEF and WHO, we pay a significant interest to the content of the paper entitled
“Measles outbreak in the Philippines: Epidemiological and clinical characteristics
of hospitalized children, 2016–2019” published earlier within the same journal.1,2
However, upon reproducing the results, we suspect that the authors has made several
computational errors.