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Transcriptional control of the Cryptosporidium life cycle

The parasite Cryptosporidium is a leading agent of diarrhoeal disease in young children, and a cause and consequence of chronic malnutrition1,2. There are no vaccines and only limited treatment options3. The parasite infects enterocytes, in which it engages in asexual and sexual replication4, both of which are essential to continued infection and transmission. However, their molecular mechanisms remain largely unclear5. Here we use single-cell RNA sequencing to reveal the gene expression programme of the entire Cryptosporidium parvum life cycle in culture and in infected animals. Diverging from the prevailing model6, we find support for only three intracellular stages: asexual type-I meronts, male gamonts and female gametes. We reveal a highly organized program for the assembly of components at each stage. Dissecting the underlying regulatory network, we identify the transcription factor Myb-M as the earliest determinant of male fate, in an organism that lacks genetic sex dete

United statesChlamydomonas reinhardtiiMuris genGlobal enteric multicenter studyWkly repCell host microbeHost microbeCryptosporidium murisPlant biolTrends plant sciAcids res

The rise of baobab trees in Madagascar

The rise of baobab trees in Madagascar
nature.com - get the latest breaking news, showbiz & celebrity photos, sport news & rumours, viral videos and top stories from nature.com Daily Mail and Mail on Sunday newspapers.

New south walesAdansonia bombacaceaeBombacoideae malvaceaeChina national centerNational genomics data centerBroad institutePlant biolGenomes genetEast africaLaurentide ice sheetMarine isotope stageSouthwest greenlandWest africanNew natural historyAcids resGenomics genet

Tropical forests are approaching critical temperature thresholds

The critical temperature beyond which photosynthetic machinery in tropical trees begins to fail averages approximately 46.7 °C (Tcrit)1. However, it remains unclear whether leaf temperatures experienced by tropical vegetation approach this threshold or soon will under climate change. Here we found that pantropical canopy temperatures independently triangulated from individual leaf thermocouples, pyrgeometers and remote sensing (ECOSTRESS) have midday peak temperatures of approximately 34 °C during dry periods, with a long high-temperature tail that can exceed 40 °C. Leaf thermocouple data from multiple sites across the tropics suggest that even within pixels of moderate temperatures, upper canopy leaves exceed Tcrit 0.01% of the time. Furthermore, upper canopy leaf warming experiments (+2, 3 and 4 °C in Brazil, Puerto Rico and Australia, respectively) increased leaf temperatures non-linearly, with peak leaf temperatures exceeding Tcrit 1.3% o

United kingdomSubasinghe achchigeVargas zeppetelloNational snowIce data centerNational academyCell environPhysical science basisNational academy pressPlant biolInternational spaceRemote sensLayer meteorolTotal environPlant physiolPlant ecol

Abrupt expansion of climate change risks for species globally | Nature Ecology & Evolution

Climate change is already exposing species to dangerous temperatures driving widespread population and geographical contractions. However, little is known about how these risks of thermal exposure will expand across species’ existing geographical ranges over time as climate change continues. Here, using geographical data for approximately 36,000 marine and terrestrial species and climate projections to 2100, we show that the area of each species’ geographical range at risk of thermal exposure will expand abruptly. On average, more than 50% of the increase in exposure projected for a species will occur in a single decade. This abruptness is partly due to the rapid pace of future projected warming but also because the greater area available at the warm end of thermal gradients constrains species to disproportionately occupy sites close to their upper thermal limit. These geographical constraints on the structure of species ranges operate both on land and in the ocean and mean

United statesUnited kingdomArmstrong mckayOcean springerContribution of working groupRr core teamR foundation for statistical computingSpecies survival commissionChange biolPlant biolList criteriaNorth americanWorld oceanIllustrated catalogueCephalopod species knownCoupled model intercomparison project phase

Drought stress in plants: Climate change factors affects peptides and proteins

Drought stress in plants: Climate change factors affects peptides and proteins
wiley.com - get the latest breaking news, showbiz & celebrity photos, sport news & rumours, viral videos and top stories from wiley.com Daily Mail and Mail on Sunday newspapers.

Tiago balbuenaUniversity of missouriPaulo state universityPlant biol