but part of the end of history idea was that force would no longer be appropriate or needed and this has shown how wrong that was. well, yes, that s. .. just to be fair, i never said that history was somehow this automatic mechanism that went on despite the actions of, you know, individuals, we still have human agency and i think it s pretty clear that if people don t believe in liberal democracy, if they don t fight for it, if they don t constantly struggle for it, it s not going to happen. and that s, i think, a useful reminder to everybody. ok, so germany spending 2% of gdp on defence is a good thing. it s a good thing, definitely. ..because it s defending liberal democracy when you talk about what this will all mean for populists, um. nicholas farrell in the spectator writes that, the war puts the raison d etre of most european right wing populists, the defence
the spectator writes that, the war puts the raison d etre of most european right wing populists, the defence of the nation state and national sovereignty back at the top of the political agenda, exposes the dishonesty of automatically branding such parties as anti immigrant or anti refugee. poland, of course, governed by the nationalist law and justice party, has taken in 1.9 million ukrainian refugees, more than the rest of the world put together. i mean, it does some would argue vindicate and presage a rise in nationalism as a result of what we re seeing. would you accept that? uh, so, first of all, nationalism can be a good thing or it can be a bad thing. we ve seen the bad effects in russian nationalism because their national identity is somehow inseparably connected to dominating all of their weaker neighbours. but there s another concept of nation that isn t inherently aggressive and it s not inherently exclusive, and it is compatible with liberal values and i think th
when we proposed it to english heritage, i never thought they d accept. but sometimes, the crazy ideas are actually the best ideas. my name s william matthews and, along with laurent ney and matthieu mallie, from ney & partners, we are the engineers and the designers of the tintagel castle footbridge. the footbridge reconnects the two sides of the medieval castle, built in the 12th century by richard, earl of cornwall. the mainland ward and the island ward were connected by an isthmus of rock which, in a sense, eroded away, and the bridge recreates that link between the two sides. one of the key drivers behind the project indeed, its very raison d etre was to improve accessibility to the site. one of the major problems that tintagel has is this incredibly rocky landscape. we wanted to be able to get lots of people here who couldn t get here before. because there were so many steps up to the island, a lot of people couldn t because they had bad knees, they used wheelchairs, whatever
my name s william matthews and, along with laurent ney and matthieu mallie, from ney & partners, we are the engineers and the designers of the tintagel castle footbridge. the footbridge reconnects the two sides of the medieval castle, built in the 12th century by richard, earl of cornwall. the mainland ward and the island ward were connected by an isthmus of rock which, in a sense, eroded away, and the bridge recreates that link between the two sides. one of the key drivers behind the project indeed, its very raison d etre was to improve accessibility to the site. one of the major problems that tintagel has is this incredibly rocky landscape. we wanted to be able to get lots of people here who couldn t get here before. because there were so many steps up to the island, a lot of people couldn t because they had bad knees, they used wheelchairs, whatever it was. now we have essentially step free access right from the car park all the way
we know it s been pretty clear that this was not a decision that the british particularly wanted to take at this moment. what does this and what s happening in afghanistan tell us about britain s influence in washington, its military capability and its ability to adopt a leadership role, do you think? well, it s not at all surprising that the foreign policies of the uk and us should be diverging, because they re the principal members of nato, and nato has been in an existential crisis ever since the cold war ended. it was devised, if we all remember, as an adversary to the soviet bloc and the communisty bloc, and when communism collapsed and there was no more soviet union to oppose, the obvious question is what is nato for? and within ten years of communism collapsing, we had 9/11 and the rise of islamist terrorism, and so nato became, basically, a counterterrorism outfit, and that was its impetus, that was its raison d etre.