Objective To determine whether a smartphone application based education programme can lower salt intake in schoolchildren and their families.
Design Parallel, cluster randomised controlled trial, with schools randomly assigned to either intervention or control group (1:1).
Setting 54 primary schools from three provinces in northern, central, and southern China, from 15 September 2018 to 27 December 2019.
Participants 592 children (308 (52.0%) boys; mean age 8.58 (standard deviation 0.41) years) in grade 3 of primary school (about 11 children per school) and 1184 adult family members (551 (46.5%) men; mean age 45.80 (12.87) years).
Intervention Children in the intervention group were taught, with support of the app, about salt reduction and assigned homework to encourage their families to participate in activities to reduce salt consumption.
Main outcome measures Primary outcome was the difference in salt intake change (measured by 24 hour urinary sodium excretion) at 12 month foll
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Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are now known to negatively control plasmid replication, according to Thomas Wood, Biotechnology Endowed Chair and professor of chemical engineering in the Penn State College of Engineering.
Plasmids, or extra-chromosomal bits of DNA, allow bacteria to evade antibiotics, making the antibiotics ineffective in halting a bacterial infection.
The presence or absence of plasmids impacts a bacterium s resistance to antibiotics and its ability to cause infection important points related to fighting bacterial infections, according to Wood. Each year, there are at least 700,000 deaths worldwide because of bacterial infections, a growing number that is projected to increase to 10 million by 2050, Wood said. And of course, the effectiveness of antibiotics is critical to healing from any type of bacterial infection.
Newly discovered toxin-antitoxin system abundant in one-cell organisms miragenews.com - get the latest breaking news, showbiz & celebrity photos, sport news & rumours, viral videos and top stories from miragenews.com Daily Mail and Mail on Sunday newspapers.