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 E-Mail Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are now known to negatively control plasmid replication, according to Thomas Wood, Biotechnology Endowed Chair and professor of chemical engineering in the Penn State College of Engineering. Plasmids, or extra-chromosomal bits of DNA, allow bacteria to evade antibiotics, making the antibiotics ineffective in halting a bacterial infection. The presence or absence of plasmids impacts a bacterium s resistance to antibiotics and its ability to cause infection important points related to fighting bacterial infections, according to Wood. Each year, there are at least 700,000 deaths worldwide because of bacterial infections, a growing number that is projected to increase to 10 million by 2050, Wood said. And of course, the effectiveness of antibiotics is critical to healing from any type of bacterial infection.

United statesThomas woodYi cheng sunXiaoxue wangBaiyuan liPengxia wangKaihao tangJianyun yaoPenn state college of engineeringNational natural science foundation of chinaEngineering guangdong laboratoryTexasam universityProceedings of the national academy sciencesChinese academy of sciencesBiotechnology endowed chairPenn state college