By Peter Yeung, Michael Schaper, head of Hamburg’s storm surge security team, gestures to a road that passes over a nearby bridge and across the harbourside HafenCity district. “Do you see how it gradually rises?” he says. “The fact that the street level is just a few meters higher over there means it will be flood-protected for the next century.”
Share
The hurdles associated with the purchase, such as shipping costs or the time it takes to get to the store, are central to the individual choice of the source of purchase. When deciding between online shop and local retail, the personal assessment of purchase security, environmental protection aspects and working conditions also play a role. This is shown by a study using microeconometric models at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). Partial results of the representative study funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft are published in the publications Papers in Applied Geography and Raumforschung und Raumordnung.
The data collection for the evaluations now available took place in 2019 – i.e. before the pandemic-related restrictions on stationary shopping. “During the lockdown, stationary retail establishments for non-daily needs were and are closed. In addition, there are voluntary changes in behavior in the population. Of course, that shifts purchasing power