In actual battle. The guiding flags with the swallowtail design were used by two groups in particular, the artillery and the cavalry, the horse back in the big guns. The regimental flags were carried by a regimental [indiscernible] this individual was chosen to carry this flag is an honor. The color bearer would stand at the front of the regiment so that everyone equally to the left and right could see him or you would carry that flag into the battle straight at the enemy. Not only was that flag a source of pride for these troops, but it communicated on the battlefield. Amid the smoke and noise and confusion of a civil war battlefield, if you get lost you get confused, you look for the flag. You rally to your regiments flag. It is important to point out that color bearers had a high mortality rate. Many of them were killed or injured during the civil war. I have no doubt that some of our flags were carried by men who lost their lives in carrying them. This is a very important flag. Thi
University in japan where he has lived for quite a while and also from Yale University where he has a phd in history, he has been a visiting professor in japan, belgium and at swarthmore and also wrote books including war and National Reinvention japan in the great war, 19141919, and also another one, world war i and the triumph of a new japan 19191930. Welcome to Frederick Dickinson [applause] thank you very much, and thank you to all of you for sticking around for the final bash here. I am honored and delighted to be the last headliner and to use the opportunity to sort of go a little global. We have steadily made our way up europe and i want to take us a little further if you dont mind. I want to thank the macarthur memorial and the Hampton Roads naval museum for inviting me here to this wonderful occasion it is a personal honor and a privilege to me, but i also think it is a personal honor and privilege to asia to be included on the program of world war i. I think it you guys thoug