Objectives To evaluate whether a multimodal intervention in general practice reduces the proportion of second line antibiotic prescriptions and the overall proportion of antibiotic prescriptions for uncomplicated urinary tract infections in women.
Design Parallel, cluster randomised, controlled trial.
Setting General practices in five regions in Germany. Data were collected between 1 April 2021 and 31 March 2022.
Participants General practitioners from 128 randomly assigned practices.
Interventions Multimodal intervention consisting of guideline recommendations for general practitioners and patients, provision of regional data for antibiotic resistance, and quarterly feedback, which included individual first line and second line proportions of antibiotic prescribing, benchmarking with regional or supra-regional practices, and telephone counselling. Participants in the control group received no information on the intervention.
Main outcome measures Primary outcome was the proportio