inconsistent with the constitution, the supreme law controls, namely, the constitution controls over a contrary statute. that s of course discussed in federalist 78 as well of what is the supreme law of the land and the constitution is the supreme law. again precedent, historical practice subsequent to the passing of the text. we see that for example on establishment clause cases. the court will often look at the text. what is the historical practice. and precedent, which is rooted in article 3, those things go in it. the words, the original public meaning are an important part of constitutional interpretation and has been, i think, throughout. let s suppose congress in its infinite wisdom with it s approval rating that ranges between 9% and 11%, making us slightly less popular than raul castro in america and slightly