Before he sailed on titanic and he pressed them into his hand and said dont spend those until i see you again. And of course, he didnt see him again, because he didnt survive the titanic. My grandfather went on to become a playwright and an author, so he wrote a lot about how he felt about his fathers death and about getting these two pennies, which is how we know so much about his story. They must have meant so much to him. Well, yes, uhhuh. Thats you know, he kept them, he passed them on to my father who then passed them on to me, and, you know, although theyre of no value to anybody else, to our family theyre absolutely priceless. Of course, of course. The value of these to your family is enormous. Yeah. Oh, yeah. And he was on the titanic going to new york what, hoping to start a new life . It was indeed, yes. His wife had died about 3 months earlier so he had 2 little boys to look after and he thought well, how am i going to do this . He did actually work here in arlington well before he signed on with the White Star Line but he thought he would try and make a new life for himself. He would go to new york, get a bit of money behind him, and then send for the boys. But, of course he was never able to. No, that didnt happen. And they were left with relatives who really could have done without them, you know. Times were tough. Definitely, yes. Uhhuh. What does it mean to you having these two pennies . Well, its just such its a great thing to have this personal connection to the titanic. I mean, everybody here in belfast knows the story of titanic and were immensely proud of it as a feat of engineering, but just to have that little personal thing that connects you directly to it is lovely. Well, its a great setting to look at these. Thank you so much for bringing them. Its a pleasure. Where on earth do you keep it . She stays on the mantelpiece in my mothers front room and has been there forever. For for all my life. All your life . Yes. And before then . She was a gift from a friend of my great aunts, who lived in england. Let me just tell you right away, if this girl could speak to you shed speak to you in german. Mmhmm. But shes not german. Yes. Which, i have to say is because shes austrian. Uh, this is almost certainly a bronze that dates to around about 1900 to 1915. Yes. Uh, but lets have a look at her because she cut something of a fine figure. Is that fair to say . You could say that. I want to pan down these wonderful sort of diaphanous drapes. Looks like shes dancing the sort of dance of the 7 veils, doesnt she . Great sense of movement. A great sense of movement. And then down to this pedestal, and all this colored decoration all laid on on a base, and i always look at the bases, cause you can always tell the quality of a bronze by its base. Its very heavy. Yeah. And the two go well together. Yes. The term given to these is austrian coldpainted bronzes, okay. Now, ive looked high and low for a signature on this. Yes. And i cant find one. Now, theres a name im looking for. And i know its by him. I know its by him. Oh. And the name im looking for is actually bergman. And yet, its not. Im full of contradictions arent i . You are, yes. Because the name im looking for is actually namgreb, which is bergman backwards. Oh. Because mr. Bergman did a whole series of all different types of cold painted bronzes, including animals and birds. Yes. But hes bestknown for these sort of slightly risque bronzes which he signed his name backwards i think just in case his mother found him out. Oh, i see. Because you know and i know. Theres a surprise. That this girl reveals an awful lot more when you give a slight twist. Thats right. Shes not this is not the dance of the 7 veils. No. Its the dance of just about 1 veil. Yes. And i assume your mother actually displays it like so. Yes, yes. Especially when the vicar comes round for tea. Oh, absolutely. laughs well, this type of bronze, at the moment, is quite keenly contested. The russians are relatively new to this market and theyve been pushing the price of bronze and ivory figures, but also figures of very sort of leggy ladies for a start. Yes. And i dont doubt for one minute that your lady given the opportunity at auction would probably fetch between £1,500 and £2,000. My goodness. So, shes an expensive girl. Yes. I feel immensely proud to be standing here in the Planning Office of harland and wolff and, to some extent, bringing back some of the original plans that were made for titanic and all the other vessels that came from this historic yard. Are these the originals . Yes, they absolutely are original drawings, and the, uh, the drawing on top here wouldve actually been drawn in this very office. So, were back at the very birthplace of titanic. And the plan below whats that one . Thats the original design plan for titanic and her sister ship olympic. Its the very first conception drawing of these very famous ships. Titanic, of course the most famous ship in history. To give us an idea you kindly brought us along a list of some of the other vessels that were being built about the same sort of period. Yes, uh, this is a yard list. In the shipyard, every ship was given its own number starting from the very beginning number 1. Yeah. Weve got number 401 which is titanic. 400, olympic. And the numbers run from 394 up to 410. Uh, so it gives a sense of the ships that were being built around the time that olympic and titanic were being built. And what date was the keel laid for titanic . That wouldve been march 1909. So, this year is going to be its centenary. Absolutely, yes. This is the centenary year of the laying of the keel of titanic. And then the launching was. . The launch was on the 31st of may, 1911. And so, with that was a very big and important day. The launch day is always important for a ship because thats the point where the transition is made from the land to the sea. It was a major event. Tickets were sold and there were people watching from all kinds of vantage points inside and outside the yard. She left belfast on the 2nd of april, 1912 went to South Hampton, and then sailed from South Hampton on her Maiden Voyage on the 10th of april, 1912. And heres a postcard. Yes. This is a very special postcard. It shows olympic and titanic, and, uh well, its a white star postcard but the really interesting thing shall i pass it to you . Yeah. The really interesting thing is the message on the back because this card was posted from titanic in queenstown in ireland by cobh. Right. And it just says dear bill. Just a line to let you know we are all right up till now, and are having a jolly time. I mean, how evocative is that . Yes, mr. Phillips uh was lost but his daughter alice to whom he refers in the card, did survive. Fantastic. And. They left ireland, headed across the atlantic and then that fateful night what sort of time . Oh, it was the sunday, 14th of april, 20 minutes to midnight the ship struck the iceberg. It sank about 2 hours and 20 minutes later. You have a copy of the marconigram. And, uh, maybe youd like to read this out, because i think again, its and the time of it. This was a message received on board olympic titanics sister ship, which was eastbound at the time titanic was westbound. And this is a message from titanic to olympic. 11 p. M. New york time titanic sending out signals of distress. Answered his calls. So, theyre making the point of record. Titanic replies and give me his position. 4146 north, 5014 west and says, we have struck an iceberg. our distance from titanic, 505 miles. Amazing. And thats been kept. Its been kept together with other marconigrams in the museum collections. Well, youve just mentioned the museum and i think that is the joyous thing that all these things have been preserved and are on exhibition at the ulster folk and transport museum so, uh, they are for everybody to see. But, i always think about prices, and these will never come up for sale. Theyre almost impossible to value. I mean, both these plans they are literally oneoffs. Youll never see another. No. Um, and irreplaceable. I mean, i wouldve thought if you ever saw them at auction youd be talking about £30,000 or £40,000 each, without a doubt. True titanic memorabilia fetches mega amounts of money. Uh, the list of the various ships you know, its just a page taken from the order book or whatever and probably in itself worth. Ooh. £8,000 to £10,000. Um, the postcards they do turn up. Um, and i think i remember this one, and at its time was probably one of the most expensive postcards in the world. Um, again, at auction were talking about £6,000 to £10,000. The invitation probably about £1,000 to £1,500. And. I dont know. The marconigram again, its a oneoff. Probably another £10,000 to £15,000. So, were talking about £100,000 worth of memorabilia. Its a joy to see it. I dont often wear the white gloves but with such historic documents its been a great privilege to talk to you about them, and actually have them here today. Thank you so much for bringing them in. Well, thank you. All i know about it is my husband brought it to me when i was 50 not that very long ago no, quite. laughs last month. Carry on. I did not like it, first off. Why not . Ruby is my birthstone, and i wouldve i just, at the time, wanted a big hunk of a ring, right . So, when i got that, i said, great, well if i keep that ill just chunk it into rings. What so, literally chop it up into Component Parts like a swiss roll . Make rings out of it. Into lumps. And then make something completely different out of it. Yeah. All right. When was it made . Well, its screaming art deco. Absolute art deco. Yeah. And the geometric design which is extraordinary really its like a 3d effect. Right. Now, whats it made of . Rubies, youre right. And diamonds. The mounting of it see, is bicolor. Youve got white and yellow. I think this is yellow gold and probably platinum. Very good. The strap is called a brazilian pattern strap. Would that have been the original strap . Good question. Good question. Im not sure and on the back of the tongue here, on this part the clasp, its got 14k. Oh. Which is an american stamp. Right. And im not entirely sure whether this is the original bracelet or whether another one may have been put on. Its difficult. Its difficult to tell. Now, when you get rubies and sapphires, for that matter in the 1930s sometimes they used to use gems that were manmade. Now, they are rubies but sometimes they were using synthetic rubies. You would need to look at each one individually to establish precisely which ones were and which ones werent but there are several here. The diamonds are real, then . Diamonds are real. The diamonds are pucker. Theyre 100 correct. I think that if you were selling this today it would probably achieve in auction £1,500 to £2,000. What did i tell you . laughs if you were to replace it and buy it in a shop a retail price for insurance purposes well, even though some of the rubies are synthetic, youre looking at the best part of £3,500, £4,000. Right. Do you know what your husband paid for it, then . Yeah, he paid about £2,000. Right, so if he paid £2,000, he paid a very fair too much . Not at all. He paid a very fair price for it. I think your husband did very well. I think he bought you something in great taste with great aplomb, if you dont mind me saying so. chuckles congratulations. Thank you very very much. Thank you. So, what can you tell me about this fire screen . Um, it was my great uncles. It was in his attic. Whenever he died we just took everything out of the house and, um, this is one of the pieces that i found in the house. Um. And how did he get hold of it . He was a rag and bone man, so oh, was he . He was, yeah. So, he wouldve been driving along in his horse and cart shouting out any old iron or, rag and bones and somebody wouldve probably thrown this at him and said, you can take that old thing away. Yeah. And, presumably, he got it for next to nothing. Yeah. Well, the age is interesting because if we start at the base. Mmhmm. We can see that its made of rosewood, and its beautifully carved. Youve got the floral and leaf decoration. Yeah. On the short cabriole legs going down to the claw feet, so its a very wellcarved piece of english rosewood, dating, i would suspect, from about 1850, 1860. Oh, wow. So, the middle of the 19th century. Mmhmm. And very nice quality. Fire screens had come into fashion before that, and originally their purpose was to protect people, particularly ladies, from the fire, because they wore a lot of makeup in those days and they didnt want their makeup to run, so the fire screen was a good way of protecting them. Later on, they became more decorative items to have in the drawing room and this was i suspect, one of those. I see. Um, but if we look at the actual screen itself its very interesting, because its got 4 armoriers. And i think they are much earlier than the base. I think the armoriers date from probably the late 17th century. Oh, wow, so, about 1680. So, you got the combination of the two the mid to late 19thcentury rosewood base, and the 17thcentury armorier on top. Oh, wow. But it works very well together. As far as the values go, fire screens are sought after. Theyre not desperately collected, but people do like to have them in their drawing rooms as decorative pieces. What i think makes this one interesting is the juxtapositioning of the 19thcentury base and the 17thcentury top. So, if this came up at auction, i would expect it to fetch in the region of £500 to £700. Wow. Yeah. So, not bad for a rag and bone man. Yeah, yeah. laughs now, i suppose a silly question thats been said many, many times is do you believe in fairies . But of course, if we go back a long time in history people did believe in fairies, they felt that there was a. Another type of life out there. And i have always been familiar with a very famous group of fairy photographs taken in the 19 in 1920. Uhhuh. Called the cottingley fairies. And when i saw that youd brought these in i was fascinated because anybody whos interested in, you know the history of our times knows these images. Ive seen that picture reproduced so many times. Ive seen that one reproduced. You know, each one i look at and i think, gosh, you know . Yes, i know these. Theyre extraordinary visions of how we believed in fairies at a certain time. But. How do you have these . The little girl that took the last she took one of the first series of photographs in 1917 was my mother. And she took so, hang on a minute. So, your mother was what . Frances. Griffiths. Frances griffiths, yes. So, these the story is that these two children, one age 16, one age 10 believed there were fairies in the bottom of their garden. And, in order to convince their father they took a camera and they took photographs. Thats right. And that was in july and august 1917. And those two photographs, as i understand it were those two. Is that right . Thats right, yes. So, which is your mother . This is my mother here. Thats your mother. So, elsie was what her cousin, or. . Her first cousin yes. Their mothers were sisters. Okay, so, they came back with the camera and said we can prove there are fairies. And these were accepted at the time werent they . So, when the first photographs were taken in 1917, they were really only shown to the family, werent they . They were only intended for family consumption. Just to get frances out of trouble cause she was always falling on her back and getting wet. Yeah, so it was about saying there really are fairies thatve delayed me in my walks in the garden. But then they were included in lectures in theosophical societies, they began to be published conan doyle became involved, and by 1920, it had become a big story hadnt it . The world had actually woken up to the fact that there were fairies, and more important there were fairy photographs. And is that why he conan doyle gave the girls a camera . Yes, thats right. He heard from Edward Gardner who was in a Theosophical Society about the photographs about the first two photographs and then Sir Arthur Conan Doyle gave one camera to elsie and one camera to frances. And sent them off to do it again, in effect. Yes, with lots of plates. Actually, we thought that was missing until about 10 years ago. We thought itd been thrown out, or my grandmother had thrown it out. And i was going through the safe about 10 years ago and i found an old brown envelope and i looked inside the envelope and i saw that and i brought the camera to my mom and asked was that grannys camera . So so, its survival is pure chance. It is, really, yeah. It was obviously meant to be. And did the photographs reappear at the same time . It was just the last couple of years we discovered them. In fact, two we only discovered two days ago before the antiques roadshow. Really . Yes, cause we were looking for stuff cause, i mean these are the most important pieces because these have come directly from that camera. Today, looking at these, its very hard to believe why anybody believed it. You grew up with your mother frances. Did she ever talk about it . No, she was very ashamed of it. She was ashamed of the deception. So, they through her life she knew this had happened but she said nothing. No. Until the 1980s. The 1980s, yes. She discovered then that elsie had told her son when they lived in india that they were that she had faked the photographs. Right. And so, when i told my mother that when i told frances that then that she felt free, then, to be able to talk about it. So, did you grow up knowing the story . I did, yes and i believed that the photographs were real at that stage. You did. Until it was revealed until she actually said they werent real. Yes, there in the 80s. Okay. But she never spoke to me about it. I think weve got to look at why people believed, because, in those days, the camera couldnt lie. The camera was a scientific instrument, and so if you produced a photograph of a fairy it had to be right because it was a photograph. We are now much more cynical. We expect to be deceived. Our minds are open to the possibilities of deceit. And so things have changed completely and by the 1980s when she was talking about it the world was ready to accept that this was a fake. Whereas, until that point many people still believed that because it was a photograph it had to be real. And this was in a place called cottingley, in yorkshire, wasnt it . In bradford. Yes, just outside bradford. Is that it . That that photograph was taken about 5 years ago by myself. You took that. Yes. So, did you go to look for fairies in the dell . I did. Did you see any . No. I wish. all laugh so, you tried hard to repeat the experiment. I did. I mean, it shows. It looks, actually a Perfect Place for fairies, doesnt it . It does. Its very peaceful. Its lovely. What the photographs actually were doesnt really matter. What do you think . Were they cutouts or. . Those were cutouts, yes, but this wasnt. This last one frances said thats genuine. So, to her death she said that was a genuine she said genuine cause what happened was elsie cut out the others and they put hat pins in them and stuck them on grasses and on trees. In 1920, with conan doyles cameras, they took 2 more which elsie had prepared. But then, it took such a short time to take the photographs that aunt polly said you have to go and try and get some more, because these men have gone to a lot of expense and trouble. So, they had to go back again. So, they didnt go in the glen, they went above the glen theres a field above the glen where theres a reservoir, and theyre sitting there talking, and then my mother saw this was three years later, my mother saw um, she saw f things beginning to appear in the grass, like misty misty objects, and without thinking she had the camera on her knee without thinking she took out the camera that one there and she pulled out the lens, and judged it to be 3 feet away, and she snapped it and when that negative went back to london, they couldnt see what was on it but they strengthened thimages and from that negative theyre able to bring out 5 fairy figures. So she said thats genuine. So, to her death she said this is a real fairy photograph. That its genuine. What do you think . Do you think it is . I do, yes. And you do . Well, im not gonna argue, so, we might be looking at the only known photograph of real fairies. Yes. The others are a fake. This is the real thing. These were different these were different. Those are solid images. These you can actually see through. You can see the difference. You can see the grass behind and in front. And those are hair bells. Theyre so tiny, you know . So, those and the camera are the absolute original material. I think its Im Just Holding this camera, you know . laughs now, what weve got here is something that is extremely rare. I mean, this as a camera is worth £20 or £30. In pure camera terms its nothing nothing special at all. Add that story this is all gonna be £25,000, £30,000. Who knows . Out there, there are fanatical collectors. Its not the camera, its the images. These are the key. And its just extraordinary, as i say, to be in touch with this magic moment. Actually, im beginning to believe it myself. laughs and i started by saying, do i believe in fairies . Perhaps i do. both chuckle thank you. Thank you. So, theres a question to reflect on as we end our day here in belfast do fairies really exist . That was a magical find, wasnt it . And it only came to light because we brought our team here. Its the power of the roadshow i guess. Well be back in belfast for a second helping next week. Until then, byebye. [bell rings] [bird chirping] appraiser well, what a stunning portrait of a beautiful lady. Can i, can i see a resemblance here . I think i can, which is lovely. Woman yes, it is a picture of me. Appraiser a picture of you. And how old were you when this was. Woman i was 22. Appraiser 22. And, of course, its by the great, great painter Stanley Spencer. That is fantastic. How did your family or how did you know Stanley Spencer . Woman well, we lived in cookham, which is where Stanley Spencer lives, and my father was his doctor. Appraiser gosh. Woman and he got to know him very well. He was keen on art and things. So we used to go up there and have a look at his paintings when they were being done. Appraiser ah, what an amazing story. What sort of man was Stanley Spencer like . Woman he was a chatterbox, never stopped talking. And if hed come to a Cocktail Party or Something Like that the only way you could get him to go home was to take him home. Appraiser really. laughter but was he good company . Woman oh yes. Appraiser fascinating. And i note i mean, its nicely signed, your portrait Stanley Spencer, october 1959. And of course he died in 1959. Woman well, he was dying of cancer and my father said to my mother, hes not eating. Lets get him. So he came to our house, and to keep him occupied, hed draw me, and we gave him some food. Then soon after that he went into the hospital where he died. Appraiser so sad because he was sort of 68, i think, when he died. So a young man. Woman yes, really, yes. Appraiser and i mean, he really lived in cookham all his life, didnt he . I mean, it was this sort of paradise for him. Woman yes. Appraiser and he did a lot of biblical subjects, but set in cookham. Woman thats right. Appraiser but hes an absolute genius. And i think you can see by this portrait at the end of his life how wonderful it is. The attention to detail is phenomenal. He has that almost preraphaelite exactness. I think hes majestic. Now, have you ever had this valued . Woman no. Appraiser oh dear. Know what . I mean, they are just so i mean, people just love Stanley Spencer. They love his work. I mean, this drawings big. Its beautiful. Lovely sitter. 10 to 15,000 pounds. Woman [gasps] wow i think well take it to the gallery in cookham to look after. Appraiser not bad for two days work. Woman thank you very much. Appraiser thank you. This is bbc world news. Funding for this presentation is made possible by the Freeman Foundation of new york, stowe vermont, and honolulu. Newmans own foundation. And union bank. At union bank our relationship managers work hard to know your business, offering Specialized Solutions and capital to help you meet your growth objectives. We offer expertise and tailored solutions for Small Businesses and major corporations. What can we do for you . And now, bbc world news. And this is bbc world news america reporting from washington. A mixed picture in algeria as many hostages celebrate their escape or rescue. Uncertainty remains about how many have been killed. Uncovering evidence of a massacre, the bbc is inside a syrian town. And 50 years after Martin Luther kings speech, they look at why that dream might still be on fulfill. Make sense of international unfulfilled. Welcome to our viewers on Public Television in america and also throughout the globe. Three days after islamist militants stormed a gas line in algeria, there is confusion about the face of those taken hostage. Hundreds of Foreign Workers have reportedly been freed but there are still conflicting reports about the number that might have been killed. The secretary of state level the incident an act of terror. The correspondent has the latest. One of the survivors of the attack, the of jury in state television has shown pictures of some that have escaped the gas complex including some for britain starting their journey home. They are just as confused about details of first hostage taking and then the algerian military response. Obviously, yes. We still dont know what is happening. I cannot say. I feel safe for the moment, but i dont know. If the guy is still there hopefully, it will be on there. David cameron said that a algerias Prime Minister told him troops were still pursuing terrorists and their remaining hostages. A judge there to be an immediate threat in the lives of hostages and felt obliged to respond. The number of british citizens at risk was less than 30. We now know that number has been quite significantly reduced. What do we know about this crisis . The installation is located in remote desert in the east of the country close to the libyan border. They were attacked undercover of darkness. The first targets were buses on route to an airfield. Two workers were killed including a britain. Then the compound was seized and hostages taken. He went to the nearby Gas Processing plant itself and on thursday, Security Forces waited hard apparently convinced that they were planning to flee into the desert, taking hostages with them. There is great uncertainty but he is known to be among the number of spots that survived. He told his wife he had explosives tied around his neck. To describe the experience that was truly horrific. And it is clear from what she told me, unfortunately there are a number of kidnapped victims that have not been as fortunate. Dodge and this is the man accused of masterminding the attack. A Senior Commander until last year. He also specialized in kidnap for ransom and cigarette smuggling to finance operations. Both japan and the United States are victims of this attack. Japan sharply critical of the response. They said the utmost care must be taken to preserve life. We will not rest until we do as much as we can alone and in concert with our partners to restore security to this vital region and to bring those that would terrorize and kill innocent people to justice. Dodge the ordeal for others goes on. James robbins, bbc news. For more on the threat in out here he formerly served as ambassador to iraq and National Security adviser in the bush administration. When you were at the white house, was al qaeda in north africa ont he radar . Yes, it was. We looked at the whole system holistic lee. There were relatively inactive because of jury instead taken effective steps with some encouragement of the United States. With the situation involving in libya, there has been a lack of government control and a huge swath of the region. An explosion of uncontrolled weapons and to some of these groups we see this in algeria and it should be seen by one campaign from the french fighting to what is going on in algeria. We have had many laws of unintended consequences and the middle east. Think of the effort to get the soviets out of afghanistan and what it led to. This is a characteristic of the region not a characteristic of bad politics. It was good to get rid of gaddafi and the soviets. From the pakistan border to the atlantic ocean, you will have Something Like this, get ready for it and deal with it. Are they the same ideologically as al qaeda in iraq . There are experts that can talk about that. By and large what they represent is extreme for the political islamic theological movements including using violence with anybody that disagree with them. That is what is in common for all of these organizations. Calling them al qaeda is loose association. A few years earlier, they invited the city terrorists in iraq to join them as well. So you get these offshoots that are only loosely connected organizations. But they do have a similar theological and political agenda. How much of a threat do they represent to americans here . Of algeria is an Important Energy exporter and an important country. This is a threat to of jury out. We see the expansion of rebels and these groups coming in, this is a potent threat and a huge area that needs to be dealt with. To syria where the bbc team has found evidence of a massacre that takes place on the edge of palms. Our International Correspondent has just returned from the village and it contains images some viewers might find distressing. Of the army took the stand. The villages just around the corner from the army took us in. The village is just around the corner. There is a powerful sense of shock. One woman starts telling her story as soon as she sees us. They stormed into my house, she told me. They slapped my face they stripped me and my daughters. Most of the killings took place in houses down this hill. They have cleared the area and taken away the bodies. They persuaded us to take another route. In the first house they take as to us to a charred body. There is a bullet hole in the center of the forehead. Full horror emerges. There is blood on the cement and a body is straddling the doorway. There is one sprawled in the yard. The positions suggest they were trying to flee. These people have been shot and burned. A bottle of fuel is still there. Further inside this compound, another grim discovery. A trail of blood from the kitchen. At least two people seem to have been killed here, their bodies dragged away. The floor is still littered with bullet casings. Unheard around the back, even more bodies. A woman in her bed. The soldier with us as hundreds of men came across the fields. He says they were from an Islamist Group hamas and the extremists. People worry this is part of sectarian violence. These villages support the government. Others gave us the same account in front of the several in front of the soldiers. One person managed to speak to us offcamera. She told us the army was going to be there that day. Some had apologized saying others were acting without orders. This was the work of pro government militia. Recycling sphere has criticized Lance Armstrongs interview with Oprah Winfrey last night. They claimed it was part of a job, like having air in his tires. They have urged armstrong to make a full disclosure to the anti doping authority. With more on the admission and the fallout, i spoke with the coauthor that joined us from new york. We are joined from new york. It was if enough of a confession by Lance Armstrong for you . There is the first few feet of that mountain and i spent two years working on this book. A fascinating world that they live then. The details of how they did it are fascinating and crucial to this story. What was it light seeing him coming clean about not being clean . Gosh we knew that we knew what he was going to say but to see the defiance, the hesitation felt like an unsuccessful therapy session and in front of 4. 3 million people. I think he does this because he realizes he is in shock. He went from joan of arc to attila the hun and a short amount of time and he has always loved risk. It was a high risk and high reward way to apologize and frankly, it didnt work. Did he introduced doping the cycling or was it the other way around . Of the culture goes way back to the early 1900s. The difference was his arrival was timed exactly with oxygen vector doping which improved endurance by about 20 and made a massive difference. He was the one that was entrepreneurial, aggressive assertive to really exploit that. The combination of his character with the history of doping made for an historic fraud. Can there be rehabilitation now . That is the question. Last night did him no favors and i dont think anyone that didnt like him like him after seeing what we saw last night. But it is a doorway that he has to go through. There is no other way to admit. I saw my coauthor tyler hamilton, his lieutenant, go to the same process where it is very difficult to admit all at once. It is like excavating a giant city underneath the sand, it takes time to dig out. Dodge do you feel dodger do feel it is confined to cycling . Is a lot of highend sports. If you have a culture where there are not a lot of regulations, the fear of being caught the desire for competitive people to win, he will get this pattern. The psychology is the same. The story is bigger, it is a story about culture and the answers lie in how you create a culture that helps people away from cheating as opposed to tilting them toward cheating . Still to come on tonights program. Chinas economy is not as hot as it used to be. It has the government is scrambling to find a new spark. Onstage, the ballet world is known for its beauty and grace. Behindthescenes today, there has been a brutal force. The artistic director has been seriously injured after someone threw acid in his face. For more on the possible motive here is our washington correspondent. One of the stars. He graces the famous stage. And still a highprofile figure. Here he is with the head of the grand reopening of the theater just over a year ago. But last night, he was attacked outside of his apartment block and and and amassed through asset from the bottle into his face and fled. He received serious burns and was rushed to hospital. Doctors had been battling to save his sights. Today, a deep sense of shock. Impossible. I dont understand how it is possible. Why was he targeted . One theory put forward by the ballet is that he made enemies in his role of artistic director. He is the one that decides so many things and every time a decision is made, they had recently expressed concern over growing intimidation. His car tires had been slashed. Now he has suffered a physical attack which sent shock waves through the world of russian culture. Fear that chinas economy is the envy of the world, but leaders have unveiled a the country is growing its slowest rate in more than a decade. Through the grind the sun barely cheyennes. The Industrial Area on the banks of the river. One of the biggest in the world. They employ 80,000 people. As china boomed, so did his business. But china is slowing and they are struggling to make a profit. Slowdown means it is too much iron and steel being produced. They are being told to cut production and not allowed to cut large numbers of jobs to save money. The dilemma. A giant state firms dominate parts of the economy. Many are inefficient. Where will new jobs come from . Is like winter for the steel industry. To get through, we need to reform and diversify. Despite problems, the city is one of the fastestgrowing parts of china. The relentless drive to urbanize has reached in the inland cities. Chinas new leaders of this building spree cant go on forever. The economy needs reform. To replace the old ways and encouraging spotless new industries. And what it now craves. They make screens for mobile phones. What china wants its future to look like. In the past, china succeeded by producing on a massive scale. Lowquality, but low cost. Were losing that advantage and we have got to change. The new leaders want to see more of this. A new upmarket shopping district. Western brands are opening here, hoping that the change will be good for them. In the future, china wants to rely less on overseas, more on domestic consumers. Rising in come means rising spending. The new middle class is forging a new path for this city built on steel. It has been 50 years since Martin Luther king made his i have a dream speech future, china wants at the washington mall. The National Holiday dedicated to the memory of the civil rights leader. The first black president will be sworn in for his second term. Has the dream unfulfilled . That is a topic the historian has been assessing. Hope this was the biggest excitement of my teenage years. I had never been to a demonstration before. There was such a nifty undertaking. I could see it was part of this, Something Big was happening. I wanted to be part of this event and part of this movement. The author of the legacy of Martin Luther king jr. Quite frankly, i could not have imagined myself the professor of history at Stanford University editing Martin Luther king. These are things that were beyond my imagination as a young black teenager whose opportunities were quite limited at that time. Because of that opel vision and the moral imagination barricades began to fall and bigotry began to fade. Doors of opportunity swung open for an entire generation. He was very much influenced by Martin Luther king and in his heart, he sees his vision being close to Martin Luther king. There was that moment where he received the Nobel Peace Prize and he made the distinction between, saying that he cant be like them because i have to deal with this radical evil called terrorism. As if they did not have to deal with the radical evil of their time. King never held political office. I assume if he had, he would have seen as his overriding responsibility to deal with the people at the bottom of the social structure, the people that dont have the opportunity. And if that is what you use political power to accomplish. It is something that has been achieved. At the end of his life, my dream has been unfulfilled. And this notion of an unfulfilled dream is what he died for. I think we are still at that stage with unfulfilled dreams. The historian there on dr. King and his legacy. Monday, we will bring you live coverage throughout the day. President obama gets sworn and for his second term in office. For all of us, thank you for watching and have a good weekend. Make sense of International News at bbc. Com news. Funding for this presentation is made possible by the Freeman Foundation of new york stowe vermont, and honolulu. Newmans own foundation. And union bank. At union bank our relationship managers work hard to understand the industry you operate in, working to nurture new ventures and help provide capital for key strategic decisions. We offer expertise and tailored solutions in a wide range of industries. What can we do for you . Bbc world news was presented by kcet, los angeles