college of medicine as i'm sure moderna and pfizer is. you take serum from an experimental animal or serum from patients who have been vaccinated and you first confirm that it's neutralizing the original variant, which you'd expect, and then you look at the decline in virus neutralizing antibodies against the omicron variant as well as some of the others. undoubtedly the moderna ceo is right, there will be a decline. i still have optimism that it may hold up sufficiently to cause significant protection, but it's all moot. we'll know this in a week or so and those are going to be important studies. >> i was just going to say this is a knowable answer before the end of next week? >> possibly. and again, this is not the same as looking at actual vaccine effectiveness studies in the field. it's still a laboratory-based observation. but it gives us a trend and a hint of what we're dealing with.