Pelley . It was his love of adventure that drove him to explore exotic and often dangerous places. These are real bullets. The problem is, no one can control the local village militias. Pelley and he always took us along with him. The top of the food chain here on the top of the world. Pelley tonight, a look at the life and work of bob simon. This desolate road. Pelley . The quintessential Foreign Correspondent. In a war which is already raging not very far from here. Pelley that and three of our late colleagues most memorable stories. Good job still running in the morning . Yeah. Getting your vegetables every day . When i can. [ bop ] [ male announcer ] couldve had a v8. Two full servings of vegetables for only 50 delicious calories. Introducing preferred rewards from bank of america the new banking rewards program that rewards our customers, every day. Youll get things like rewards bonuses on credit cards. Extra interest on a savings account. 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Whatever i can do to help compute a cure for cancer, thats what id like to do. Kroft good evening. Im steve kroft. Welcome to 60 minutes presents. Tonight, we remember and celebrate the life and extraordinary career of our friend and colleague, bob simon. He spent 47 years covering the world for cbs news and 60 minutes, and survived dozens of wars and other calamities. He died 11 days ago in a new york city Traffic Accident not far from this studio. The irony would not have been lost on bob. Irony was one of his favorite journalistic devices. He was a brilliant combination of sophistication and street smarts who liked to tell people he was just a jewish kid from the bronx. He didnt tell you that he was also phi beta kappa, and had been a fulbright scholar, or that he came to become televisions quintessential Foreign Correspondent. Simon weve traveled to remote places before, but never on an ice breaker. This is the natural habitat of the polar bear, these ice floes. Theres nothing on this 130 square mile peninsula other than monasteries and monks. Nothing. We landed right in the middle of a party. The guests of honor . Us. What is going on . Whoa, thats quite a welcome simon who are these people . These are the papasena people. They seem to like you. Kroft and bob simon liked being there, wherever there happened to be. He reported from 130 different countries, propelled by natural curiosity and wanderlust. It was his love of adventure and the search for new experiences that drove him to explore exotic and often dangerous places. Simon the problem is no one can control the local village militias. Kroft and he always took us along with him, to earthquakes and tsunamis. This is my house. Simon thats your house . Kroft . Wars and revolutions. Simon the battle of bucharest seems to be almost over, but it is ending not with a whimper, but with a bang. Jeff fager i always thought, i dont even have to tell him what the storys about. If i tell him, theres a story waiting for you, get on a plane, hed be on the plane. Kroft jeff fager worked with bob simon for more than 30 years as a producer, executive producer of the cbs evening news, and later, executive producer of 60 minutes. Fager hed always raise his hand, ready to go. His voice mail said, im not in, and i may be gone for the next several months. laughter he would rather be out covering a story anywhere in the world than be stuck in an office. Kroft its hard to imagine what cbs news would have been like over the last 47 years without bob simon. Simon you dont think that socialism necessarily evolves into. Kroft for decades, his reports were the centerpiece of major broadcasts on world events, from places like the philippines. Simon this could be as close as the 20th century has come to the storming of the bastille. Kroft . Bosnia. Simon if it shuts down and pulls out, sarajevo will become a slaughter house. Kroft . And haiti. Simon the only law in force is darwins law, it is the survival of the fittest. Kroft . Just to name a few. Stahl he did it better that anybody. Kroft lesley stahl first met bob in jerusalem in the late 1970s. Stahl he was the most dashing Foreign Correspondent there was. He was so handsome. And his stories had such a uniqueness. He was special. He was always a serious, fabulous reporter with a distinctive voice. Simon childhood was cancelled in sarajevo this year. It is a casualty of war. The agreement this time was for a ceasefire. And here it is on the streets of ramallah, a ceasefire. It gives new meaning to the phrase a fragile truce. Kroft bob simons voice was distinctive, not just in pitch and timbre, but in the words he chose and the stories he composed and spoke in that rolling, melodic prose that you could call simonic pentameter. Simon and it keeps getting worse bigger battles, more funerals, flags being turned into shrouds. The only peace, the peace of death. Kroft what do you think made him so great as a correspondent . Stahl well, obviously, the first thing is his writing. He had a way of showing you a picture, and then bringing you behind it with his brilliant almost poetic writing. Simon you cant really believe how bad it is here until you see it. It could be as close as youll get to hell on earth, with the smoke, the fumes, the heat. Kroft this is a scene bob painted on a beach in bangladesh where giant ships were being torn apart for salvage by men and boys earning a dollar a day. Simon the men carry metal plates, each weighing more than a ton, from the shoreline to waiting trucks, walking in step like pallbearers, or like members of a chain gang. Kroft morley safer, one of simons first mentors, says it was not just great writing, but great reporting, the ability to see something that no one else did. Safer he had that ability to stand back from the story, take another look at it, and look at the small detail, which often tells you much more than simply recording the facts of the story. Kroft simon had joined cbs news in 1967 as a rookie reporter on the assignment desk in new york. He was only 26, but he knew he wanted to be a Foreign Correspondent. Two years later, he got his chance in the London Bureau where morley safer was his boss. Safer clearly, he was going to be and was already a damn good reporter. Kroft it turned out to be a pretty good hire. Safer he was a terrific hire. Kroft out of london, he covered the troubles in northern ireland. Simon a machine gun opened fire from a high window in that apartment house. Kroft he also covered the troubles of the beatles. Simon the event is so momentous that historians may one day view it as landmark in the decline of the british empire. The beatles are breaking up. Kroft like every upand coming cbs newsman in the 1970s, bobs next stop was vietnam. His cameraman was australian norman lloyd. And of all the stories they covered together, there was one neither would ever forget, a report from route one near quang tri in 1972. Norman lloyd this day, we pulled over and there was, you know, big firefight going on. Simon much of the days fighting is left to the regional forces, the local peoples militia. Lloyd and there was very close combat, and a lot of guys were getting hit, and this truck full of refugees all we heard was the explosion. We ran over and it. It was full of women and children. Kroft the truckload of refugees had hit a land mine. Simon some are dead, some are not dead. By evening, government spokesmen are saying another grand victory has been won in quang tri province. The situation is once again stabilized, but there will be more fighting and more words. Words spoken by generals journalists, politicians. But here on route one, its difficult to imagine what those words can be. Theres nothing left to say about this war. Theres just nothing left to say. Bob simon, cbs news, route one. Kroft simon left vietnam a short time later, but it was only the beginning of his career as a war correspondent. He first arrived in the middle east in 1973, to cover the yom kippur war. And over the next two decades, the arabisraeli conflict would be a story that hed come to know as well as any Foreign Correspondent of his generation. Simon and el al steps are being wheeled up to a plane bearing the words, the arab republic of egypt. Will miracles never cease . Kroft he was there when israel made its historic peace with egypt, and he did such a good job covering the middle east, cbs promoted him to cover the state department. But bob, his wife francoise, and daughter tanya were not overjoyed. Bob was happy to go anywhere except washington d. C. Simon in the view of officials here. I hated it. I hated every minute of it. And, i mean, i didnt go into this business to sit in a small cubicle, which is what it was, and to be manipulated by politicians and government officials. Simon after about a year on the job, hed had enough, so on a rare trip abroad with secretary of state Alexander Haig, simon decided to reassign himself. Simon when the falklands war began in 82, Alexander Haig who was then secretary of state, went down to try to mediate between the british and the argentineans. He failed. And then he took his plane back to washington with a press plane. And i deliberately missed the press plane. So i stayed there for the whole war. Fager he needed to be out in the world. He needed to be out reporting and. And adventure. Kroft he would find it in israel, where he had been reassigned by the time the first Palestinian Uprising broke out in 1987, the beginning of another turbulent tenure. By then, simon knew everyone of any consequence there, both palestinian and israeli, and he wasnt afraid to be tough on the israeli government. Simon young rockthrowing arabs were chased up a steep and rugged hill by israeli soldiers, who eventually caught two of them. Much is done in the middle east in what passes for the heat of passion. This seemed cold, deliberate methodical. It went on for 40 minutes. Kroft he reported from every country in the region, and his status only grew following the first gulf war, when he and three of his cbs colleagues were captured by Saddam Husseins troops after giving his american minders the slip and wandering into iraqi territory. There was a period of a couple of weeks when he was missing in action and. Stahl oh, i remember. Really, cbs news was mobilized to try and find somebody who could find out if they were alive. Bob scheiffer freedom at last for an American News team held by iraq. Bob simon, peter bluff, Roberto Alvarez and juan caldera were finally set free in baghdad. Kroft bob rejoined his family after 40 days in an iraqi cell. And a day later, he and his fellow cbs captives sat down with 60 minutes correspondent ed bradley to describe the ordeal. Simon we were blindfolded, which made it all the more frightening. They beat us with. With canes, with sticks, on the legs, on the head. Bradley has it changed you . Simon yeah. Bradley how . Simon i dont know. Too early to tell. Kroft when 60 minutes came calling in 1998, the new job offered bob the opportunity and the freedom to pursue his curiosities like never before. Any kind of a story he couldnt do . Fager he could do any kind of story. His range was so great, it almost didnt matter what he was covering. Fager he loved opera. We all know he loved classical music. The metropolitan opera was his favorite place on earth. Simon tonight, were going to take you backstage at the met and show it to you in a way youve never seen it before. Stahl so he did a lot of opera, he did a lot of symphony stories, conductors. It was his passion and it came through with his pieces. Simon theres something about gustavo that is primal something that makes people describe him as a conducting animal. He coaxes his musicians. He inspires them. Stop simon he amuses them. Kroft from the big symphony halls to a warehouse in the congo. Bob found joy in music. Simon its called the ode to joy, the last movement of beethovens last symphony. It has been played with more expertise before, but with more joy . Hard to imagine. Kroft so, what made bob, bob . Four of his producers harry radliffe, Joel BernsteinDraggan Mihailovich and Michael Gavshon traveled with him far and wide and were like members of his family. Harry radliffe he would ask questions that sometimes seemed off kilter a little bit. It was often only a question that bob would think to ask, that produced extraordinary responses. Draggan mihailovich he could make you laugh, he could make you cry. He could make you think. I mean, theyre not that many correspondents out there that could do that. Michael gavshon there was no place he wasnt prepared to go regardless of the story. If there was somewhere to go, he would go. Kroft he just wanted to go. Gavshon he just wanted to go. Radliffe bob never complained about spending time in places like mount athos. Simon its about as beautiful as it gets. Radliffe bob used to go to monasteries on his own. He loved the tranquility. Simon you stain the silence just by walking in. Radliffe he found comfort in the solitude and the quiet. He could just be on his own. The monks wouldnt bother him. I mean, he couldnt believe that he was actually there. Simon theres no place on earth closer to heaven than mount athos. Joel bernstein you know, everybody thinks bob was a great writer, and he. He was a great writer. But he was also a terrific interviewer. Simon the big serpent was Saddam Hussein and the americans are the small serpent . Muqtada al sadr it is the opposite, my friend. Simon we met Muqtada Al Sadr in his small mosque in najaf and conducted the only interview hes granted to a western tv news organization. Simon the americans are the big serpent. The americans got rid of your enemy, Saddam Hussein. Isnt the enemy of your enemy your friend . Al sadr just because were rid of saddam and the evil baathists doesnt mean the occupation is a good thing. Our salvation from saddam was only with the grace of god. Simon if getting rid of saddam was a favor of god, why was it that god waited until the americans came in to do the job . Al sadr all praises to allah, he works in mysterious ways. Kroft what did bob bring to the story . Mihailovich hed always bring an enthusiasm and a curiosity, a natural curiosity. And you could get him to do just about anything. Simon today is intel. Mihailovich we went to an intel factory, and he gets in a clean suit in the clean room that they have there. Simon its supposed to have curative powers. Mihailovich you could put him in an oil bath in baku azerbaijan. You could, uh, get him on a vertical treadmill to test out gravity, what it would be like if you were walking on the moon. He was at a 90 degree angle. We should sign you up for the astronaut corps. Simon id sign. Kroft were there any stories that bob didnt know anything about . Gavshon there were a number of stories that he knew nothing about, but that really did not prevent him from being extremely enthusiastic about them. We did a story about the new bobby fischer, the World Champion chess player, magnus carlsson. Bob didnt know the moves of each piece on the board. And yet, he found a way of telling the story coherently and brilliantly. Simon you were intimidated by playing the worlds champion when you were already 13 years old . Magnus carlsson yeah, go figure. Kroft what are some of your favorite stories . Fager i think my favorite, if i had to pick one, was the lost boys. Simon once a week, the lost boys saw their destiny on a bulletin board. The staples of life. On this day, 90 learned theyd be going to america. Kroft the story documented the epic survival of thousands of sudanese boys who had escaped war and walked a thousand miles across east africa to a refugee camp in kenya. In 2000, the United States decided to bring them to this country. Simon where are you going . Thats kansas city. Simon kansas city. Do you know where it is . I dont know. Fager it was rich, it had everything that bob does well. It had adventure, it had real human drama. Simon they had four days to pack their luggage. They took little, left less behind. Fager and boy, did he write that beautifully. Mihailovich bob loved underdogs, and the lost boys of sudan were the ultimate underdogs. Simon once the lost boys made it to america and a completely new world. In america, we call him santa claus. Okay, santa claus. Kroft bob and producer Draggan Mihailovich continued to update the story over a 12year period. Congratulations. Youre a United States citizen. Mihailovich and they loved seeing bob, you know, every two or three years hey, bob simon hey, bob simon how you doing . Mihailovich he became a real celebrity amongst the lost boys. Hey, how you doing, buddy . Kroft he did a lot of animal stories there for a while. laughter fager he accused me of making him our wildlife correspondent. And its true, i did. He did them so well. Simon we headed towards an unspoiled, remote area called the pantanal. We had to cross more than a 125 rustic wooden bridges over driedup ponds and lakes, home to piranhas and caimans, cousins to the crocodile. It was good to be in a car. This is a rare sight. Ive never caught them in the water. Ive never gotten them in the water before. That was a young one. Kroft young didnt always mean small. Simon they may be little they may be orphans, but trust me. Yeah. Simon . Theyre not as little as they look. In fact, i feel like im in an elephant sandwich. Kroft why was he so fond of animals . Simon an animal is never duplicitous. An animal will never get involved in gratuitous cruelty. Its very refreshing to go see them after youve spent a lot of time interviewing politicians. These elephants are playing sort of amateur wrestling for pachyderms. Nobody gets hurt. Kids fall and get up the way kids do. You think youre going to hit to my forehand or my backhand . Kroft bob was a big kid himself, whether at play with tennis star Novak Djokovic. Simon hey Novak Djokovic are you kidding me . Simon my god, what a sight kroft . Or at 16,000 feet in chile, where a giant radio telescope, peering into deepest space, discovered something that intrigued bob. We found a simple sugar called glycol aldehyde. Simon excuse me, i cant resist theres sugar out there . Theres sugar out there theres alcohol. Simon this is very good news. laughs yes, indeed. Roberto benigni oh mamma mia. Kroft the most fun bob may have ever had on a story was with the italian actor roberto benigni. Benigni i jumped on him. Simon you jumped on the pope . Benigni yeah and i told. Kroft . Who explained in jumbled english how he greeted pope john paul. Benigni and i kissed here and here and here, in everywhere i kissed him. Gavshon it was one of bobs favorite moments in his career. Benigni and i called him dad gavshon he saw the enthusiasm of this actor who couldnt contain himself of his excitement. Benigni dad, finally, i found you again kroft but it wasnt always laughter. Bob had his dark periods. He suffered from occasional bouts with depression. Eventually, he always snapped out of it. He was overjoyed by the birth of his first grandchild. His office walls were covered with pictures of jack, and bob sent him letters on his blackberry, even though jack wasnt old enough to read them. Gavshon every day on the road, wherever we were in the world, he would write a letter to jack. Stahl he once told me that one of the reasons he was just so insanely in love with his grandchild was because he had finally met a person who didnt lie. Sweet. Kroft bob had been in a good place, recently. He was working with his daughter tanya, a talented producer at 60 minutes, and the two of them had just finished a story that aired last week about a treatment for ebola. Simon of all the viruses you have in here, is ebola number one . Is that the most dangerous . Yeah, it is one of the most aggressive, if not the most aggressive. Kroft then he walked out the door one night. And never came back. Pelley we have some sad news tonight from within our cbs news family. Our 60 minutes colleague bob simon was killed this evening. It was a car accident in new york city. Safer i couldnt believe it. And to go this way is unthinkable. I mean, you couldnt write it in a novel. Fager his last day was one of his happiest. Hed shown us a piece that went incredibly well. It was what we call around 60 minutes a great screening. I told him we were going to have it on sunday night. And he left that Screening Room and walked around, told everybody who would listen that his story had bumped another one. laughter and he was really proud of that. And it was a story hed done with his daughter. So i think that just made him feel extra good about it. Kroft bob had been everywhere, done everything, and had the talent and experience to translate what he saw for millions of people. Thats not hyperbole. Its why he had 27 emmys. Hell be missed. How does this impact the broadcast, bobs death . Fager its a really big hole. You know, bob simon was so good at what he did. Were still all in a bit of shock about it. I think it really does have an impact on 60 minutes, because you can fill his job, but you cant replace bob simon. Kroft when we come back, well show you some of bobs favorite 60 minutes stories. Woman its been a journey to get where i am. And i didnt get here alone. There were people who listened along the way. People who gave me options. Kept me on track. And through it all my retirement never got left behind. So today, im prepared for anything we may want tomorrow to be. Every someday needs a plan. Lets talk about your old 401 k today. For the first time in forever. Therell be music. Therell be light. For the first time in forever. Ill be dancing through the night. Everyones excited because frozen fun is now at disney california adventure park. cause for the first time. In forever. I wont be alone. Remember when you said men are superior drivers . Yeah. Yeah. Then howd i get this. [ voice of dennis ]. Allstate safe driving bonus check . What is that . So weird, right . My agent, tom, said. [ voice of dennis ]. Only allstate sends you a bonus check for every six months youre accidentfree. But im a woman. Maybe its a misprint. Does it look like a misprint . Ok. What i was trying. [ voice of dennis ] silence. Ask an allstate agent about the safe driving bonus check. Are you in good hands . Wvo caring for someone with alzheimers means i am a lot of things. I am his guardian. I am his voice. So i asked about adding oncedaily namenda xr to his Current Treatment for moderate to severe alzheimers. It works differently. When added to another alzheimers treatment, like aricept® it may improve overall function and cognition. And may slow the worsening of symptoms for a while. Vo namenda xr doesnt change how the disease progresses. It shouldnt be taken by anyone allergic to memantine, or whos had a bad reaction to namenda xr or its ingredients. 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It wasnt an easy choice to pick only three, given the hundreds of stories he did and the range of subjects he took on. But we begin with bobs distinguished work as a war correspondent. He combined bravery, an eye for the telling detail and, at times, a righteous indignation at wars folly and its consequences. In 1999, as the fighting in the former yugoslavia entered a new phase in kosovo, bob looked at what happened in srebrenica the slaughter by serb troops of more than 8,000 muslim civilians in that bosnian town. It was the serbs who did the killing, but the shame of srebrenica also fell on a group of soldiers from another country the dutch, sent to the town as u. N. Peacekeepers; the dutch, who had such high ideals when they volunteered for the most dangerous job in bosnia only to see those ideals shattered by what they saw, what they did, and what they didnt do. Heres how bob reported that story. Simon it took only days after the massacre in 1995 for u. S. Spy planes to photograph freshly plowed fields near srebrenica, and it wasnt the season for planting. The truth on the ground was even more gruesome. A thin veil of earth concealed the biggest mass graves dug in europe since world war ii. Work was still continuing last fall, three and a half years after the massacre. And still more graves will be uncovered next spring, graves that tell the story of a well planned job carried out systematically and methodically, a job of genocide. If you want a sense of the enormity of what happened in srebrenica, theres no better place to come than here, to old mining tunnels dug into the bosnian hills. This is where the bodies are stored, more than 1,800 of them a small fraction of the missing, but more than any morgue on earth could handle. None of these bodies have been identified, so they cant be buried. In bosnia, even the dead cant go home. The bodies are still coming in evidence of a colossal war crime. The dutch troops, whose mandate was to prevent the massacre, have been home for three years and many are now speaking out. Wim dijkema we came there to help. We came there to protect them. We came there with a will to do as much as we could do, but we failed. Simon warrant officer wim dijkema belonged to that dutch battalion which was sent to srebrenica to stop an attack on the town. Dijkema when. When the war started and the shelling started, we had some of those people in our bunkers, and they cried and they begged us please, help us. Simon when the attack began, the dutch tried to help. They called in air strikes. Dijkema filmed the dutch hiding in the safety of their bunker while two nato planes destroyed one serb tank. Thats when serb general ratko mladic threatened to kill the u. N. Peacekeepers if the air strikes continued. Thats when the air strikes stopped, and the defense of srebrenica was effectively over. Rob franken we were beaten in every way. Simon major rob franken, the dutch secondincommand, was in charge of the troops on the ground. Franken we got orders to defend srebrenica from the u. N. In. In sarajevo with all means. And we got the order not to bring body bags back to holland, so security of our own personnel was. Had priority. Simon now, one minute youre getting orders not to bring body bags back to holland . Franken thats correct. Simon but at the same time. Franken we had to defend the city. If you call it the definition of nonsense, i could agree with that. Simon the serbs took the town quickly. Mladic walked the streets congratulating his men, but he wasnt ready to celebrate. He wanted more than the town. He wanted the muslims, and he was in a hurry. On to portocari, he said. Dont stop. Portocari was a suburb of srebrenica, an Industrial Area site of the main dutch base, which had now filled up with thousands of muslims desperate to keep the dutch peacekeepers between them and the advancing serbs. Gert kremer you cannot describe it. You have to be there. You have to smell it, you have to hear it. Simon dr. Gert kremer, a dutch colonel, was busy treating the wounded. Kremer you cannot describe a situation where 5,000 people are in a factory building. And when they have to stay there for. For more than a few hours, what the smell is, and the sound of crying children weeping mothers. Its. Its unbelievable. You never forget this. Simon Hasan Nuhanovic will never forget either. He was working as a translator for the u. N. When srebrenica fell. When the serbs attacked the town, hasan headed for the dutch compound. He was relieved to find his mother, father and brother safely inside. Hasan had convinced his family the dutch would protect them. Hed been most worried about his 20yearold brother. During the bosnian war, not many men of military age captured by the serbs had survived. Hasan nuhanovic at that moment, i thought, were all safe. Finally, you know, the episode of three and a half years of suffering in srebrenica was over. We were going to maybe hang around in portocari for a couple of days, the u. N. Is going to do something and save all the people who suffered, and, you know, take them to a safe place. Simon but there was no safe place for srebrenicas muslim men. General mladic was on the scene to make sure of that. Serb soldiers closed in on the u. N. Compound; 5,000 terrified refugees had been let in the gates. More than 20,000 others were stranded outside, with only the dutch peacekeepers between them and the serbs. The dutch made a brief attempt to keep the serb troops away from the muslim refugees, but they were outnumbered and outgunned. The dutch had 160 combat troops facing thousands of serbs. This young dutch lieutenant tries to stop mladic. Mladic says, im in charge here. I dont care about your commander. Then, mladic assures the refugees they will be taken to safety. And in fact, the women and children were bused across the front line and dumped in safe territory. The men, thousands of them, were bused to neighboring serb villages, lined up, and shot. Could the dutch have resisted, or at least defended, the refugees until help arrived . Franken if we would have started firing, there would be a massacre. I was absolutely convinced of that. Simon a massacre of. Franken of those refugees. Simon one thing all parties agree on is that the dutch cooperated with the serbs in making sure the evacuation ran smoothly. In fact, they strung up a tape to create a path for the refugees to follow. The tape ended here at what was the gate. Thats where the serbs took over, and separated the men from the women and the children. Nuhanovic you know, they just planned everything to efficiently empty the camp, just tell the people to walk like cattle, you know, towards the gate. Simon as the muslims were being taken away, a serb cameraman asked colonel kremer what was happening. Whats going on today here . Kremer you know whats going on. I just came here. Hey, see. Kremer by that time, everybody understood that it was wellorganized, that it was planned in advance. That the trucks arrived, and the only thing we could do at that time was to help the people get in. Into the trucks in a decent way. Simon and the men were separated from the women . Kremer they were brought to the serbs. And there where the buses went and the serbs were. They were separated. The women and the elderly went to the right, and the men went to the left. Simon images of auschwitz. Kremer ive seen pictures, and. And i realized while i was standing there that i saw two pictures at the same time. There was a man with a baby, and he had to give that baby away to us because the serb soldier didnt allow him to travel on with the baby. So, sophies choice and another movie passed. Passed before my eyes. Simon schindlers list . Kremer schindlers list, at the same time, yes. Simon hidden from the serbs, wim dijkema continued filming. At the time, he didnt fully realize he was documenting the first stages of genocide. Dijkema i realized that i had been very, very naive. When mladic said, i guarantee their safety, that i believed him. And for me, its unbelievable now, at this moment, but that time. Perhaps i wanted to believe him, i dont know. Simon but when you saw the teenage boys and the old men being taken out of the compound, it didnt occur to you that the serbs were going to slaughter them . Dijkema of course, it occurred to me, but that. I ask myself over and over again what could we have done . Simon initially, the dutch tried to do something. Major franken sent a few troops to accompany the first busloads of male refugees, but the serbs took away their jeeps, their weapons, even their uniforms. Franken my personnel were stripped, and came back to the enclave in their underwear etc. , etc. Simon so the men who left in their buses, the men who were taken away by the serbs, you werent allowed to accompany them . Franken yeah, we tried but. But actually, we didnt. We couldnt because we were stopped. Simon your soldiers who tried to accompany them were stopped and humiliated . Franken yes, thats correct. Simon as the compound emptied out, Hasan Nuhanovic began to panic. Remember, he was a u. N. Employee. He could stay. But the dutch insisted that his brother be handed over to the serbs. Hasan knew that if his brother went, his mother and father would go, too. He made a final plea to major franken. Nuhanovic one last time, i asked him if i could keep my brother with me inside the camp, because he said that the interpreters could stay. But he didnt. Didnt allow it to me. So my brother and mother and father walked out the camp. Simon and you were standing right here . Nuhanovic just. Yeah right here. I was. I was crying all the time, and i told my brother and my family that i was going to walk outside together with them, but i walked like ten or 15 meters, and they all turned around and said that, you know i had to stay. Simon sophies choice . Hasans choice. If you could talk to hasan today, what would you say to him . Franken i would try to inform him. Anyway, give him. Try to give him the. The conviction that we, as far as we. As i see it, we did what we could. Simon and it was. Franken you have to make choices, and there are choices who are. Who are hard. Nuhanovic major franken completed his job by, you know expelling the last refugees from the camp so he could start with the evacuation plan for himself and the dutch battalion. Simon you think thats all they were really interested in the dutch, was taking care of themselves . Nuhanovic nothing else. Just two hours before my family was kicked out, a man was shot at the back of his head in front of dutch soldiers, very near the gate. Simon some of the refugees under your protection were getting killed within 100 meters of where you were. Franken yes. Simon and you were trying to keep that secret from the mass of muslim men inside the base . Franken yes. We wouldnt know how they would react. Simon so your prime objective at that point was to avoid panic inside the camp . Franken thats correct. Simon so, in a sense, you achieved your objective. There. You avoided panic. Franken well. Simon you maintained a certain amount of control. The evacuation was conducted in a relatively orderly fashion. Franken yes, as far as i know. Simon and all the men are dead. Franken i dont know whether all those men are dead, but the. The mass of them are dead, thats correct. Simon hasans family and more than 8,000 other muslims from srebrenica have never been seen again. General mladic has been indicted for war crimes. And the dutch are home in holland, where srebrenica is the name of a nightmare. Was the dutch battalion completely humiliated in srebrenica . Franken i felt humiliated, that may be, thats clear, because i was. As a soldier, i was not able to effectively protect those people. Nuhanovic you know, as i said, it was just a nightmare, it. And it still is a nightmare. Its not finished yet, because i still dont know what happened. Simon do you think youll ever find out . Nuhanovic well, ill do my best to find out what exactly happened. I want to know every detail what happened to my family from the moment they walked out of this camp to the moment maybe they were killed or put in some prison or something. I want to know every detail. Without that, im going. Im not going to have any rest for the rest of my life. For memories of bob simon from his colleagues and a look at the lighter side of bob on assignment, go to 60 minutes overtime. Com sponsored by lyric. I was a doer. Then the chronic widespread pain slowed me down my doctor and i agreed that moving more helps ease fibromyalgia pain. He also prescribed lyrica®. For some patients, lyrica® sign ificantly relieves fibromyalgia pain and improves physical function. With less pain i feel better. Lyrica® may cause serious allergic reactions or suicidal thoughts or actions. Tell your doctor right away if you have these new or worsening depression or unusual changes in mood or behavior. Or swelling, trouble breathing, rash, hives blisters, muscle pain with fever, tired feeling or blurry vision. Common side effects are dizziness, sleepiness, weight gain and swelling of hands, legs and feet. Dont drink alcohol while taking lyrica®. Dont drive or use machinery until you know how lyrica® affects you. Those who have had a drug or alcohol problem may be more likely to misuse lyrica®. Fibromyalgia may hav e changed things but with less pain im still a doer. Ask your docto r about lyrica®. Pelley bob simon was always ready for an adventure, a chance to travel somewhere hed never seen and tell us all about it. He had a gift for finding the surprising, even the magical, in the most unexpected places. In the wake of the 2004 asian tsunami that killed some 280,000 from indonesia to india, bob found a story of survival. He encountered members of a remarkable and ancient culture who lived precisely where the tsunami hit hardest, but who suffered no casualties at all. They are the sea gypsies of the andaman sea, or, as they call themselves, the moken. Theyve lived for hundreds of years on the islands off the coast of thailand and burma. They are, of all the peoples of the world, among the least touched by modern civilization. And, as bob reported, they miraculously survived the tsunami because they knew it was coming. Simon its their intimacy with the sea that saved them. Theyre born on the sea, live on the sea, die on the sea. They know its moods and motions better than any marine biologist. Theyre nomads, constantly moving from island to Island Living more than six months a year on their boats. At low tide, they collect sea cucumbers and catch eels. At high tide, they dive for shellfish. And theyve been living this way for so many generations, theyve become virtually amphibious. Kids learn to swim before they can walk. Underwater, they can see twice as clearly as the rest of us and, by lowering their heart rate, can stay underwater twice as long. They are truly sea urchins. This old man decided he wanted a fish for breakfast. It took him one toss of his spear. It was a puffer fish. If its not cut properly, it can kill you. The moken cut it properly. We found this moken village on an island two hours by speedboat from the coast of thailand. It had become something of an exotic tourist mecca before the tsunami. A bangkok movie star and amateur photographer named aun was here on december 26, taking pictures of moken village life when someone noticed the sea receding into the distance. How far . Aun like, you see the blue water . You see the blue water and you see the green water . You didnt see any water. Simon no kidding. Aun yes, it was really far. Simon you could walk way out there, huh . Aun yes. Simon aun continued taking pictures. They show the moken on the beach, crying. Did you have any idea why they were crying . Aun i feel like they know what bad will happen. Simon and auns pictures show the moken fleeing towards Higher Ground long before the first wave struck. Aun the first water is come over here. Simon the water got that high . And that was just the first wave. The worst was yet to come, as the moken knew because of signs from the sea. It wasnt only the sea that was acting strangely. It was the animals, too. On the mainland, elephants started stampeding toward Higher Ground. Off thailands coast, divers noticed dozens of dolphins swimming for deeper water. And on these islands, the cicadas, which are usually so loud, suddenly went silent. And the silence was heard by saleh kalathalay, that skilled spearfisherman, who was on a different part of the island. He ran around warning everyone. When you told people in the village and said something was wrong, did they believe you . Saleh kalathlay the young people called me a liar. I said, weve told the story of the wave since the old times but none of the kids believed me. I grabbed my daughter by the hand and said, child, get out of here or youll die she said, youre a liar father, youre drunk. I hadnt had a drop to drink. Simon saleh brought the skeptics to the waters edge where they too saw the signs. Eventually, everyone, the moken and the tourists, climbed to Higher Ground and were saved. But the village itself . Theres nothing left. Why do think the tsunami happened . Kalathlay the wave is created by the spirit of the sea. The big wave had not eaten anyone for a long time, and it wanted to taste them again. Simon do you think that they consider themselves very unlucky because their village was destroyed or lucky because they survived . Narumon hinshiranan hmm, i think they just take it as a matter of fact. Simon dr. Narumon hinshiranan is an anthropologist, one of the very few who speaks the moken language. Tell me, what is it in your mind that permitted the moken to know that the tsunami was coming . Hinshiranan the water receded very fast and one wave one small wave came, so they recognized that this is not ordinary. And then they have this kind of legend that passed from generations to generations about seven waves. Simon its a legend recited around campfires, bearing an astonishing resemblance to what actually happened on december 26. They call it the laboon the wave that eats people, and its brought on by the angry spirits of the ancestors. Before it comes, the sea recedes. Then, the waters flood the earth, destroy it, and make it clean again. So, basically, this. The tsunami myth is that the world is reborn after it is covered with water. Jacques ivanoff yes. Simon so, were back to the biblical flood. Ivanoff yes. Simon french anthropologist Jacques Ivanoff is the worlds foremost authority on the moken, and has been living with them on and off for more than 20 years. We joined him on a voyage of discovery. He was going to the moken islands off the coast of burma a military dictatorship closed to the outside world. There had been no news of what had happened to these moken since the tsunami. We knew that the moken survived the tsunami, the moken in thailand survived. We really dont know for sure what happened in burma, do we . Ivanoff nobody can know, because no information get out of burma. Everybody has to say nothing happened. That means the tsunami stopped at the border. Thats it, finished, end of the story. Simon ivanoffs boat, a converted cargo ship called the moken queen, could have sailed right off the pages of joseph conrad. The captain was called long ear; the crew, all burmese. The deck shrouded in nets to protect us from malarial mosquitoes. All sense of time, of the 21st century, seemed to evaporate into the tropical night air as we probed further and further into what often seemed to be the heart of darkness. Its really difficult to get more remote than this, isnt it . Ivanoff you are outside of everywhere. You are nowhere, in fact. Simon when we got to shore we talked to a family of moken living on their boat on the beach. But during the tsunami, they had also been at sea. We started by introducing ourselves. My name is bob. Bob, bob, bob, bob. Simon we had come here to find out whether or not these people had survived the tsunami. We wound up captivated by their culture. We had never seen anything like it. All right, how old is this gentleman . Ivanoff he doesnt know. Simon why, i mean, everyone we ask how old they are, the answer is the same. They dont know. How do you explain that . Ivanoff time is not the same concept as we have. You cant say, for instance, when. Its not exist in moken language. Simon when doesnt exist. The word, the question when doesnt exist. And ivanoff says when is not the only word missing from the moken language. Ivanoff want. Simon want. Ivanoff yes, thats. You use it very often. Take that out of your language and you see how often you use it. I want this, i want that. Simon there is no word for want. Ivanoff no. There is a word for take. You take something. You give or you take. You dont want. Simon the fact is, the moken want very little. What they dont want is to accumulate anything. Baggage is not good for a nomadic people. Ties you down. They have no notion and no desire for wealth. Remember saleh, the spear fisherman . That was breakfast. Hell think about lunch later on. Okay, theres no word for when theres no word for want. Anything else that would be. Ivanoff no goodbye, no hello. Simon no goodbye or hello . Ivanoff right. Thats quite difficult. Imagine after one year, you live with them, and then you go, you go. Thats it. Finish. Simon no greetings. While we were on a thai moken island, a flotilla from burma dropped by. They didnt seem terribly excited by this. Visits from relatives, and theyre all relatives, happen all the time. And since there is no notion of time, it doesnt matter if the last visit was a week ago or five years ago. Theres just a constant commingling. And in the wake of the tsunami theyre all busy now, rebuilding their boats and their lives. Ivanoff what i saw since the tsunami is, yes, they take this opportunity, you know, to make the strong group stronger. For instance. You are sitting on his boat. Simon is it okay with him . Ivanoff no problem. Simon but he thought he should point it out, or he wanted to use the boat . Ivanoff no, he wanted to work a bit on the boat, but. Simon but he doesnt mind waiting . Ivanoff of course not. Simon youre sure its not a problem . Ivanoff im sure. Simon but the moken do have problems. The burmese have turned some of their islands into military bases. The thais are having them make trinkets for tourists, a trend which could ultimately threaten their way of life far more than any number of tsunamis. But the moken dont seem terribly worried by all this. Perhaps thats because worry is just one more of those words which doesnt exist in their language. Now a cbs sports update brought to you by pfizer. In college bassett basketball action, two top 25 teams michigan up set ohio state in anne ar per and oregon shocked utah. And joey la gonea was victorious at the daytona 500. The 24yearold becomes the second youngest champion in the race to history. For more information go toto cbssports. Com. Along with support, Chantix Varenicline is proven to help people quit smoking. 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Im not worried about smoking my next cigarette. To me that feels great. Ask your doctor if chantix is right for you. Bring your vision for the future to life. For more than 145 years, pacific life has been helping families achieve lifelong Financial Security with innovative tools and strategies. Talk to a Financial Advisor to protect your family and plan today. Pacific life. The power to help you succeed. Just about anywhere you use sugar, you can use splenda®. No calorie sweetener. Splenda® lets you experience. The joy of sugar. Without all the calories. Think sugar, say splenda® my name is bret hembree. I am an electric crew foreman out of the cupertino service center. I was born and raised in the cupertino area. Its a fantastic area to work. The new technology that we are installing out in the field is important for the customers because system reliability i believe is number one. Pg e is always trying to plan for the future and we are always trying to build something stronger and bigger and more reliable. I love living here and i love the community i serve. Nobody wants to be without power. I dont want my family to be without power. Its much more personal to me for that reason. I dont think theres any place i really would rather be. Whitaker bob simons great passion, apart from his family and good writing, was music. He delighted particularly in opera, but a symphony in kinshasa, a young conductor in caracas, or a rap star from brooklyn were all worthy of bobs attention, and in his judgment, ours. In 2013, he led us to sweet sounds rising above foul odors to a town built on a garbage dump on the outskirts of asuncion, the capital of the tiny, impoverished south American Country of paraguay. Its called cateura, and bob went there not because of the poverty or the filth, but because of the incredible imagination and ingenuity of the people who live there. This story is testament to bobs belief that, ultimately, music will triumph everywhere and anywhere. Simon garbage is the only crop in cateura. And the harvest lasts 12 months a year. It is cateuras curse, its livelihood, and the only reason people live here. It provides hundreds of jobs to peasant farmers who were kicked off their plots by large landowners. They are the trash pickers. It is their profession. They sift through the stench 24 hours a day, scrounging for anything they can sell. Ten cents for a pound of plastic, five cents for a pound of cardboard. Youll be amazed at what else people here are doing with this trash. Just look and listen. This is the recycled orchestra of cateura. The violins are fashioned from oven trays, the cellos from oil barrels. Even the strings are recycled. The saxophones and trumpets are made from old drain pipes. The keys were once coins and bottle caps. This drum skin used to be an x ray plate. The guitar from dessert tins. The idea came from environmental technician favio chavez. When he came to cateura and saw the kids working and playing on this miserable hill, he came up with the idea of starting a music school to lift the kids lives out of the trash. From the start, favio realized that even if he could raise the money, new instruments were out of the question. A factorymade violin would cost more than a house here, and would almost certainly get stolen. But these fiddles arent worth a dime. They are the handiwork of trash worker and carpenter don colaa gomez. Three days a week, he goes to the dump to find the raw materials. Then, in his tiny workshop at the edge of the dump, he goes to work. Favio first asked him to make a violin. But this stradivarius of south america had never seen one or heard one. But do you realize how unusual it is . Don cola gomez translated yes, thats the way it is. When you need something, you need to do whatever it takes to survive. Simon he was soon making three violins a week. Then cellos, and finally guitars, drums, and double basses, all out of trash. Take a look and listen to what colaa has created. 15yearold ada rios has been playing for three years now. Today, she is the orchestras first violinist. The first time you went and saw the orchestra, you saw all these instruments with all these different colors. Were you surprised when you learned that they were made from trash . Ada rios translated yes. I was very surprised because i had thought that trash was useless. But thanks to the orchestra, i now realize that there are so many Different Things that can be done with the stuff. Simon cateura didnt exist before paraguays capital asuncion started dumping its trash here. The town grew up around the garbage and became one of the poorest places in south america. 2,500 families live here now. There is hardly any electricity or plumbing. The Drinking Water is contaminated. Many of the children move from broken homes to crime and drugs. But ada and her younger sister noelia, who plays the cello, say that music has become their salvation, the centerpiece of their lives. Ada rios translated when i play the violin, i feel like i am somewhere else. I imagine that im alone in my own world and forget about Everything Else around me, and i feel transported to a beautiful place. Simon can you describe that beautiful place . Ada rios yes. Im transported to a place that is completely different to where i am now. It has clear skies, open fields, and i see lots of green. Its clean with no trash. There is no contamination where we live. Its just me alone playing my violin. Simon every saturday, this drab schoolyard is transformed into a multicolored oasis of music. The kids flock here to learn and to play. Cateura is a long way from julliard, but these music students are just as dedicated as those prodigies in new york. And they dont get rained on like the kids here. Paraguay is in the tropics, and you are reminded of that all the time. But the band plays on. The veterans 15yearolds are teaching the novices. Many are barely big enough to hold a violin. The music cant compete with the downpour, but there is refuge in a classroom. Favio chavez says that music teaches the kids respect and responsibility, not common commodities in the gangridden streets of cateura. Favio chavez translated these values are completely different to those of gangs. If these kids love being part of the orchestra, they are absolutely going to hate being part of a gang. Simon for the first time the children are getting out of cateura, performing around the country. And to chavez, the pied piper of paraguay, thats the most important thing they are being seen, they are being heard. Chavez these are children that were hidden. Nobody even knew they existed. We have put them on a stage, and now everybody looks at them and Everybody Knows they exist. Simon thats mainly because of a documentary thats being made about the orchestra called landfill harmonic. Last november, the producers put their trailer up on youtube. It went viral. The orchestra began getting bookings worldwide. It is such stuff as dreams are made on. Simon and when you talk to the parents, you hear what you hear from poor people everywhere. They want their kids to have a better life than theyve had. Jorge rios is ada and noelias father. If she becomes a professional musician, shed probably be leaving town. How would you react to that . Jorge rios translated yes, the truth is, if you asked that question to every parent here, they would say they would leave this place if they could. I, of course, would like her to have a better life than the one ive had. And if she leaves, i hope she takes me with her simon whats hard to believe is that most of the parents and the people of cateura had never heard the children play. That was about to change. A concert was finally scheduled. There were banners in the streets, the local Radio Station was ready to broadcast. The church was transformed into a concert hall. The children wore their finest. This was, after all, opening night. applause it could have been new york. playing new york, new york all the students were on stage for the finale. Some of the musicians were performing after just one rehearsal. The parents were proud, of course. But just listen to the girls grandma, mirian. Mirian rios translated i would say its a blessing from god. People used to humiliate us and call us trash pickers. Today, they are more civilized. They call us the recyclers. So, i feel that this is a reward from god that our children who come from this place, can play beautiful music in this way. Simon and heres a final note from the recycled orchestra of cateura. Go on, send us your garbage. Well send it back to you as music. musical flourish cheers and applause [reminiscing] started my camry remembered the choices ive made, to be bold where others are scared, to show her right from wrong and realized my little girl had become an amazing human being who will make choices of her own. Toyota, lets go places. Ameriprise asked people a simple question in retirement, will you have enough money to live life on your terms . I sure hope so. With healthcare costs, who knows. Umm. Everyone has retirement questions. So ameriprise created the exclusive confident retirement approach. Now you and your ameripise advisor. Can get the real answers you need. Start building your confident retirement today. The real question that needs to be asked is what is it that we can do that is impactful . What the cloud enables is computing to empower cancer researchers. It used to take two weeks to sequence and analyze a genome; with the microsoft cloud we can analyze 100 per day. Whatever i can do to help compute a cure for cancer, thats what id like to do. Stahl it wasnt long after word of bob simons death that we began to get poignant letters from people who had been in some of bobs favorite stories. We heard from all kinds israeli leaders, art forgers nuns, snowboarders, baseball stars, even the egyptian jon stewart. This from the Communications Director of f. C. Barcelona, the spanish club best known for its soccer team and the great leo messi. As you know, in late 2012, the club opened its doors for mr. Simon and his team to produce a report for 60 minutes. that very report will eternally live on as a true journalistic jewel, one of the most important and outstanding news pieces to have ever been dedicated to f. C. Barcelona. And then there was this from the conductor of the story bob did about the kimbanguist symphony orchestra. His visit to kinshasa remains unforgettable for us because the story, joy in the congo, shown in the United States, opened many doors for us outside of africa a trip to los angeles in 2013 and a tour to the United Kingdom in september 2014. I also became an honorary member of the royal philharmonic society. Bob brought us joy, and we will never forget him. And finally this, a note with a subject line on the loss of our friend, from father maximos about bobs story on mount athos, one of the holiest places in eastern orthodox christianity. Early this morning, i received the terrible news of bobs death. Im shocked and deeply saddened. I have sent word to the holy mountain, where i am sure prayers are being offered for him and his family. As they are here. Im lesley stahl. Well be back next week with a new edition of 60 minutes. Good night. For the first time in forever. Therell be music. Therell be light. For the first time in forever. Ill be dancing through the night. 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