First, i would to talk about the museum overall. Visitors a 8 million year. Looking at the story of flight in the atmosphere, where i work in, we are looking at 500 aircraft and helicopters. About 67 are on display in the National Mall building. What supports these artifacts are up to 50,000 small and medium artifacts. Were going to talk about the story of higher, faster, brother. A bit of a cliche in the history of aviation but has a real meaning. We look at the people who made this quest of flying in the third dimension a reality. The idea of flying to the highest altitudes, faster speed, longest distances tells us a lot about the Technical Development of the airplane and the reinvention of what the right brothers did. Ight only the smithsonian can tell the story. Me,e, you see the behind you see the wright flyer. Oracle right, at the controls wrightlight orville takes flight. The first time. At the end of the day, after four flights, oracle orville and wilbur alternate. 30 Miles Per Hour. They usher in the aerial age. How they can to create that moment is very important. Not only did they invent the airplane, they invent aeronautical engineering in the process needed to create actual flying machines. Brothers, they are unmarried and owned a bicycle shop. They are mechanics. Tools and take interest in apply to pretty presses, bicycles, and building a flying machine. In 1899, they were at the Smithsonian Institution and after all the literature on point. Ask for all the literature on flight. They learn about the secretary of smithsonian and the competitor. Conduit ofabout the knowledge between aeronautical exterminators in europe and United States. Setsdoes them apart them apart is they break the problem down. They look at an airplane as a system of systems. Controls, aerodynamics. 1902, they9 and start flying gliders. They had the gliders and in 1902, they have a controllable glider. Warping. Rather than using weight, to have a mechanical system where they can twist the wings. The brothers always compliment to each other as intellectuals and so they argued how they would control the airplane. Shop,y in the bicycle wilbur is talking to a customer and has an inner tube as a bicycle tire and is twisting it as he is talking to the individual and he sees in his , envisioning the threedimensional technology and says if we start twisting the wings of the glider, he can control it and it will turn. It and it control will turn. They create the worlds first wind Tunnel Networks to do the first working wind tunnel to do the math. There ejaculated and they recalculated and designed wings table of capable of creating lift. They are flying from to 30 seconds from the dunes of kitty hawk. They traveled there because it is one of the one spots that has consistent winds. Add the lasthey big part of the airplane. Structure. Dd the system, at the control the wing warping. The last ingredient is the propulsion. They knowledge a reciprocating system. Force. Eate a horizontal they know they need that much power to generate the thrust of the propeller and if another they will have propellers on their machine. How do they work . Datago through existing and that is not give them any answers. The same sort of intellectual it and take, the brothers are mash ing at each other and they realize it propeller is a rotating wing. They take their wind tunnel data, adapted to the designs of a propeller and designed to propellers capable of producing up to 6070 thrust. You see the propellers on the back of the wings. Pusher impellers. Propellers. They wanted them to turn in opposite directions. Taking their knowledge, you twist the belt of the power system. You can see one of the trains chains twisted on the drive system. System enables the brothers to go to kitty hawk in the late fall early winter where they start their online program. They have a crash and on december 17, 1903, they fly this airplane hymie. Behind me. That moment of getting behind into the air and looking at all the technology in terms of aluminum engine, spruce propellers, spruce structural fitting. Metal that all comes together in the system of the airplane. After those flights, a big wind comes up and tumbles and is demolished. They claim success, go back to dayton and ascended telegram to their father saying success. Send a telegram to the father saying success. They are flying up to half an hour for long distances over huston prairie. Flyer is forgotten. It goes through a flood. Then, in 1926, a goes to england. During world war ii, it is stored west of london during the blitz. It comes to 1948 when orville flyer to theright Smithsonian Institution and has. Een on display 2003, the centennial of their first flight, this gallery is open to tell the story of making the first airplane and with it aeronautical engineering. What you see here is the original airplane. And changedrestored over the years. The fabric that you see here is not the original fabric from 1903. It has been applied in the same selling methods and construction of the 1903 sewing methods and construction of the 1903 plane. 1980s, this airplane underwent a restoration. Members, thel engine, one of the propellers, all original. The corner of the gallery, one of the original propellers. Tumble, a crack input that propeller it cracked and flipped that propeller. The world war i gallery now. The airplane behind me is a spaz 13. The brothersat created in 1903 and make it their own. Design and it is the highest performance french fighter of world war i. What that means is they can go 130 Miles Per Hour. Just a large strut and wire breaks airplane. The tractor configuration with the engine propeller in the front, central fuselage, a wings word, to buy plane wings. Ane more french influence. After the creation of the airplane, the Wright Brothers bring into the world. The french run with it and take the lead as well as other nations. Looking at this airplane, it is the epiphany of the strut and wire configuration. It has been improved and enhanced. Product of as a french designer. Racers. Ned air it is important in terms of air combat over france over the western front during world war i. Spaz 13 that Enter Service in may, 1917 that reflects the epiphany of french highperformance fighter design. A fast design. The fabric is covered. , 220 horsepower v8 engine at the core. You see the radiator shutters. There is a be a engine underneath. [laughter] v8 engine. It allows the air to flow over more efficiently. He adapts this by taking two of his engines and makes it into a v8 and instead of having separate villages telling pillingers and has cooling passages that allow improved cooling and more power. Instead of a rotary engine doing 120 horsepower, youre looking at 220 horsepower. There is always a technological push and pull over the western front over world war i with what. He germans have an advantage answerd 13 is the french. It is not as maneuverable. It has beat and can dive away so they are going to take this airplane and develop new Group Fighter tactics in response to german fighter tactics. This first generation of significant airplanes and french squadrons. This becomes the highest performance airplane that has 30 caliber machines guns. Dive, fly away, come back in the past that gives the french Fighter Squadron advantage. Major Technological Innovations in world war i for Fighter Aircraft is the creation of a gun sacred as her system. You can mount a machine gun in front of a pilot with a site and as you point the airplane, you can point the machine gets a hit your target. The problem is that you have a spinning propeller in the way. The creation of a mechanical linkage set up to a camera on the propeller shaft at the propeller blade crosses in front , it turns off the machine gun and that the propeller blade is passed, it turns back on. As i see something goes into 1918, the entry of the United States into the war, you have American Air Service coming to the western front being equipped with french aircraft. There is not a frontline ready american writer. For the conflict. It is built by one of the. Anufacturers contracted the 22nd aero squadron was assigned this airplane. A young pilot painted the name of his fiancee. Smith. He goes into combat and scores one aerial kill. Some of the pilots should down at least five more so this is it flew with the first generation of american combat pilots. Ray brooks and his error playing his the on after state school fiancees school. He did not want to have this d and have aage mechanic say we need to fix her. So he named her after a college. 1980 the fourth is in the 1918 camouflage. You also see small black squares with german crosses. Shotrepresent bullet holes through the fabric and combat in combat. The squares would have been applied by ground mechanics in the field. One of the interesting advantages of a strut and wire breaks that if it will goes to the fabric, it passes through the other side. The job of the mechanic is to patch that and restore the integrity and keep fighting. Inthe end of war one, november, this airplane is set aside by the Army Air Service and brought back to the United States. To display what type of aircraft americans flew, tired reforms french fighter, it is given to the smithsonian. It is not until the 1980s at the airplane is fully restored. Input on display in the world war i gallery. If you look at this panel, you can see fabric from the original airplane on display. The fabric you see here is not original. Nonetheless, this is one of four remaining in the world. It tells the story of how the Wright Brothers original airplane was maximized and changed but was still essentially the same in terms of material and propulsion system. It is a formidable combat fighter of world war i. From the spad 13, we when i look at the air racer of the 1920s. Behind me now is the curtis racer. This is an air racer. What is unique about it is that it is built by a national government, the United States that can Beat International air racing against the air forces of other countries to win a prize. The schnider cup. This technology is built in the name of performance making pursuit and Fighter Airplanes better. What resulted this grand spectacle of aviation. A military spec will spectacle. Take notice that the u. S. Army is on the tail of the air racer and you will see they are in bloodless campaigns against each other. They are promoting their own branch of service. Seeing if they can push the technology. It is a two for Public Relations and Technical Campaign they are waging. Is an improvement of the airplane in terms of its highspeed technology. United states get and send to air racing in 1922 when they show up at the schnider trophy competition. This was an International Event created by a french aviation industrialist who is employed influent and developed speed plane technology. , evenwas the competition as early as the preworld war i, this becomes a highstakes, betweened Competition International aviation clubs of each country and then the military governments take over in the early 1920s. The curtis is the worlds fastest airplane in the fall of 1925. Run airer, with a Service Young air service pilot, wins the competition northeast of baltimore maryland. Average of 230 Miles Per Hour. Worlday, he breaks a speed plane record of 240 Miles Per Hour. This gets into the public eye. It shows the importance of the military and military aviation overall. Just two weeks before, the same airplane, with wheels and tail skins installed, wins the pulitzer pro for trophy race. Hittingnational race the army and navy and marine pilots against each other. Aerial armynavy football game. He flies the same airplane with to win thetalled race at 248 Miles Per Hour. Jimmy doolittle and another man of the worlds fastest men. He was faster than any wind in history. This belief in speed and the pushing of technology and justification of natural governments to encourage this development resulted in what we see here, the curtis rc3. Look at the gold wings. You see the lines running between the fuselage, but as a is a radiator that brass radiator. You have the air traveling over the profile of the wing. It is cooling the engine through the radiators. You see minimal struts and wires on the construction of it. Engine. Ly fitting you see a metal propeller. Is a true innovation in terms of transitioning from wood to metal. Important, it is a plywood fuselage built like a wooden boat and built with spruce. No longer in a struts and wires braces. Hollow shell. That corporate a streamlined shape incorporates a streamlined shape. Lets drag along the surface of the fuselage. Less drag along the surface of the fuselage. It is built for a highspeed environment. Virtual racetrack in the sky. A tights it to make turn along the pylon. Jimmy doolittle had a Technology Technique where he would start at one pylon and pull up and turn around another pylon to get speed. The short wingspan facilitated that. If you are a spectator watching the race, you would see doolittle climbing, turning, and diving toward the pylons. Andalso hear the airplane so this engine, the short stacks are working and making popping noises. The propeller is going supersonic at its tips. Propellers of the first are not a cold devices that go supersonic. Devices that go supersonic. At myirplane to me by level is an amazing thing to see. Zooming by at eye level is an amazing thing to see. The next year at the schnider virginia, every palate comes in second a marine highlight comes in second pilot comes in second. It is restored by personnel there and returns the installation in the pioneers flight ellery received today. Gallery where it is here today. Becomes a famous test pilot, a certified aeronautical engineer. He races across the states. At the opening of world war ii for the United States when Jim Doolittle becomes a National Hero as he leads the famous raid ined after him against japan april 1942. He was the medal of honor and goes on to become one of the leading bomber generals of world war ii. Curtis racer is a fast airplane and it boosted the career of a pilot we are all know,to know coming jimmy doolittle. Now we will look at Charles Lindbergh. In may, 1927 flew 3600 miles from new york to paris. Fun by Charles Lindbergh and unknown male pilot. For the was to win first nonstop flight from new york to paris. He wanted it joined the former country of france with United States. That was the dentist for the flight. What it represents in the history of aviation is part of the telling of the airplane and the transformation of the airplane from what the right brothers greeted and how it transition Wright Brothers created and how transitioned over time. He was an unknown pilot it was blind from st. Louis to chicago. Was thinking about if it was possible. Building upon that idea, he he fly he trained people to it interacted with people in the aviation circle. He gets the backing to either purchase a longdistance airplane or to build one. What happens, he ends up in san diego and meets the chief engineer and design a purpose built transatlantic airplane from new york to paris. He calls it the spirit of st. Louis in honor of his backers louis. T this is a product of his vision. It is not necessarily the most advanced airplane. It represents many of the known ideas of technology with some gambles. Working with don hall through the spring of 1927, he creates this airplane. Wood wing,d wing o tubular steel frame work and innovation that emerged in world war i. A diversion from the wood bracing that we saw since the Wright Brothers. It still uses wires and framework like you would see with the strut and wire braced. They know it works. Basic design of the end to n2. This aircraft designed for one thing play across the ocean with one pilot. Flying across the ocean with one pilot. He makes the gamble, the lighter the airplane, more simpler. This is an airplane built for endurance. 450 gallons of gasoline which doubles the weight. 40005000 pounds. He learned how to handle the airplane. When it is finished in april 1927, the first thing he does is breaks the san diego to st. Louis record. Which ises to new york the jumping off point to paris. This is where his choices going to play. You dont see a canopy on the airplane. You see a door on the side. That hea periscope would deploy to see forward or would swivel the tail to look out the side. What is in front of him are the oil and main deal tanks in the engine. Tanks in the engine. He is making his choices. Tankforward of the fuel area where it says spirit of st. Ouis, you see the radio engine a Cornerstone Technology of what will become the aeronautical revolution. It is a radial engine cooled by the air. You see them sticking out there so they can be cooled at the air flows over them. Engine. Reliable stays running for 33 hours. A conscious choice. Wings, externally braced. Those are known technologies that work. The stateoftheart is the engine and in front of the engine, Aluminum Alloy propeller. Just like a right brother propeller Wright Brothers propeller. Lindbergh saysme he wants a metal propeller for the spirit of seamless and what steelns is a standard standard pitch propeller. You cant change the angle of the blades, but if you need to change the pitch on the ground, you can listen the rings to en the the pitch loos rings to change the pitch. Gives you enough cruise efficiency. A compromise. In many ways, their plain overall is a copper to get him across the atlantic. The flight itself, he did not have advanced navigational tools like gps. He did have a compass and he had a method called dead reckoning where he would use the stars and maps to plot the past. He would fly the circumpolar route. Flight a much shorter distance over the curvature of the earth. Gambles that he will fly this route and as soon as he gets to europe, he will figure out where he is. He does that over the course of a day and a half and he lands north of paris and is met by over 100,000 adoring fans, people cheering him on. At that moment, the unknown lindbergh, the flight technologist, enters into this legendary status as the supreme aviator of the world, especially in the United States. He becomes a household name. Aviationh of the industry is seen as a result of what he has done in the flight even though it is an indication that things are moving along and he really exacerbates and improves the idea of the aviation industry. People want to learn to fly. By christmas, you could get a the flight. Book of this popculture phenomenon becomes a result of the flight. America turns the page in terms of understanding the power of the airplane. In the wake of this flight to paris, he returns with the spirit and is going to do a National Tour through 19 27 9027 were hundreds of thousands of americans will see him live. Where hundreds of thousands of americans will see him live. Then he goes to latin america. When you look at the front of the spirit, you see the flags of the nations that he visited during his tour. You also see some military at symbols from the army and marine units that he interacted with over the course of the tour. Inn return of that flight february in the spring of 1928, lindbergh is this beard of st. Tois spirit of st. Louis the smithsonian. It stays on display throughout the history of the old national air and space museum and that is on display in 1926 with the opening of the National Wall museum which has been on display ever since. The artifact that you see behind me if the original spirit of st. Louis. Fabric, it original is oneofakind, original artifacts that makes the smithsonian aviation collection so important and why you need to see. Lindberghs flight from new york to paris is a very important moment in history of aviation. There are aviators and aircraft that paula that show how their plane involved in this idea of reinventing the airplane and pushing the higher, faster, farther equation that builds to a crescendo in 1930. After lindbergh flight across the atlantic, on july 4, 1927, the first lock yvega takes the air. This is the result of a person. Ght not being educated in engineering school, he has a feel for what in a pointed look like. What you see behind me is his idea of what a clean air flying machine looks like. No supporting braces or wires. You have an internally supported wing. Fuselage. Ee a plywood taking the heritage of the Curtis Arthur c racer. Fuselage that does not need the extra bracing. His idea of a clean airplane is in its bested manifested in this. Also has a radial engine installed in the front of the air plane. Engine, am with this Cornerstone Technology, we see on the spirit of technology st. Louis and seeing it here, the problem with this engine is that it is situated like a far pedal on the front of the fuselage. It is the equivalent of a odeliradiator on a car m t radiator on a car. It creates drag. Do you have an exposed radial engine or do you cover the engine to get some sort of aerodynamic efficiency to clean up the Disturbed Air that drags . This is a fundamental question that is being investigated by the naca. Foot engineer, who is a 20 wind tunnel starts playing with the idea. It is designed to pretend that results in slowing air through to cool the engine while controlling the streamline of the air on the outside. That technology is what makes the vega such an important aircraft and maximizes the ability to fly 165 Miles Per Hour at cruise in the ability to fly passengers, the original design of the airplane. Wins the trophy, he takes it and puts it on the about,e and also thinks this is a highway in airplane high wing airplane, but where you put the landing gear . You have the big rubber tires and wheels that create drag. His idea, i will put tents on teardrop so there are streamlined wheel tents. You have to have fixed landing gear, but why do we make them as streamlined as possible. Dont we make them as streamlined as possible . This becomes known as a highperformance airplanes and it is taken by several individuals like Amelia Ehrhardt who the spring of 1932 flies this airplane across the atlantic ocean. The first woman to fly across the atlantic nonstop. In august of 1932, she flies nonstop across the United States. She is becoming this leading aviator in the United States flying a vega. After she flies nonstop across the United States, she sold her airplane to the frequent institute. Franklin institute. In 1966, it became available to the Smithsonian Institution and entered the collection. Because the airplane of toys for record breakers. Post, he started flying. He chooses the vega. His characteristic white and blue. He flies around the world. He doesnt in a daze. 8 days. It in he doesnt all but himself and 7. 5 days. He then goes across the world in 7. 5 days. He is at jet stream. Uses the jet stream. He gets additional 120 Miles Per Hour on the jet stream. He is also the first individual to experiment with the pressure suit. The vega is the choice of aviators who want to push the limits of not only speed and distance, but also altitude. Ehrhardt care for ehrhardtsvega characteristic red vega. It is another airplane where she disappears trying to fly around the world. It become synonymous with highperformance, longdistance aircraft that important aviators choose. This is still a would airplane. Wood airplane. The performance is being pushed seeming counterintuitive for what the airplane is. It is looking towards the future in terms of its shape and if we look at this very dynamic 192634 period of innovation. It is one of the first to represent the future and how their plane will become modern. Their pilots like Amelia Ehrhardt and wiley post, a ramped up the spectacle of flight. For flights across the ocean and world. The next airplane is an example of a commercial airliner that embodies new innovations that higher,airplane to fly faster, and further. It is called one of the first modern airliners and is one of the first modern airplanes overall it is introduced in 1933. It reflects his heritage of reinventing the airplane after world war i. It has all metal construction. There has been a significant transition from strut and wire theks instruction to andtruction of the vega now, youre looking at an all metal airplane. You make these aircrafts bigger. Engine pods on them. And you have jet airliners of the 1950s. We are looking at the beginning of that with this airplane in earlythe late 1920s and theys, boeing company, want to build upon this new aircraft design called the b nine bomber. They want to develop that into a commercial airliner. The 247 is the result of that which embodies all metal construction, but also the idea of the streamlined design. Airplane toated in go faster. 247, 170ling of the Miles Per Hour airplane able to carry 10 passengers. Board jump over the ford tri motor. Caring people longer distances. Compresses the 27 hours of transcontinental flight time across the United States into 19. 5 hours. Heres another element that plays into the equation, the vast distances of United States pushed the development of commercial aircraft. By 1933, you have an airliner capable of flying faster than the most advanced army pursued airplanes. Pursuit airplanes. That shift the knowledge and perception of what these airplanes can do. The united aircraft and transport organization is a pair company of boeing aircraft. Woodyo owns preston pensions. Airlines owned several including United Airlines. Does these airplanes and under the corporate umbrella, they go through the united aircraft transport company. Have thisines dont airplane available. Be twa underis jack fry asked other aircraft manufacturers, we want a replacement for the ford trimester. Tri motor. What results is a winning it for the d. C. Airline. The 247 starts, it has some innovations built into it which are quite conditional. Six pitch propellers. Andrward sloping wind frame the result of the need to compete with the dc series of airlines from douglas, you have what results in the 247 d model. What i mean by that is hydraulic mechanisms that change the blade pitch as the colors are rotating. It increases the cruise to 188 Miles Per Hour. The 247 cant compete. After 1935, it becomes the preeminent modern airplane of the 1930s. Theres a very interesting story 247 get intodc and a race in the fall of 1934. This australian millionaire sponsored a longdistance race connecting Great Britain to australia, melbourne. It is 11,300 miles. They want to see who can win. At the end, a douglas dc 2 and a come in second and third. American how Aeronautical Technology has surpassed and jumped ahead of European Technology it is the ability of those airplanes and stops, ands and make by a flamboyant pilot, they come in third. A 92 hour flight, they make stops and get lost and have engine trouble it is the airplane here that made the flight and it is part of the story in which the International Press says, the United States has jumped ahead in Aeronautical Technology, and we catch up how do we catch up . A shock after the race, because back into the net airlines inventory and goes out of service and has several owners. In the early 1970s, it is given to be smithsonian from United Airlines and it is restored and the view that you see here on the right side is in its United Airlines markings during the race. On the other side are the markings the airplane cover had it during the mcroberts and race. Race. Obertson with the creation of the air and space museum in 1976 and the opening, this would put on display in the air transport gallery to show the story of the first, crucial moment of the modern airplane, in this case, an airliner appearing in the 1930s. D we were 247 discussing with stateoftheart in 1933. It epitomized the technology that would become the modern something, gets bigger, but it is the aircraft that we know in terms of the structure and shape, especially in terms of jet airliners today. The airplane behind me, a very different airplane that emerged in the late 1950s. A research plan. X1, theg with the dell airplane designed to investigate supersonic flight. Theres this new generation of through theated naca, voting airplanes just for investigating aerodynamic phenomenon or some sort of aeronautical challenge that could be overcome fundamentally. X1 was the supersonic machine. To mach 1, mach 2. Program that investigates the hypersonic region, speeds beyond mach 4. Looking at the partnership between industry, the military, u. S. Air force, the primary benefactor in the National Advisor to midi which quickly committee which transitions into nasa, this Program Investigates the hypersonic regime and does this by testing this aircraft as an Aerospace Plane. Here is a vehicle designed to transition from the earth earths mr. Into space. There are atmosphere into space. 5s built. 3 x1 youre looking at a vehicle that in its present form, designed for the hypersonic regime. That means, it has to be a vehicle that can find the atmosphere it has traditional controls that allow it to maneuver in the atmosphere, but also needs a new system. If you look at the nose of the aircraft, there are two holes in front of the white rectangle. Those are reaction controls. At the aerodynamic ability goes away, the use reaction controls to control the aircraft. This is a true Aerospace Plane designed as an Arrow Research plan. E. The idea plan is to do this and make the aircraft survived. It is more the shape of the fuselage. You dont see a big fat wing. A very compact structure. Facilitate to control and hypersonic. The air traveling over the surface of this vehicle was estimated to be up to 1200 degrees. Height. That wanted the creation of a new material to make the aircraft out of. Alloy, these are spaceage materials and put into an Aerospace Plane. The pilots were pressurized suits like astronauts. This is a concurrent program with the merger i mercury, gemini and apollo program. The last element is the reaction motors. This is not an airplane designed to take off and land from the ground. It is designed to be carried by a b52 bomber inverted into a mothership. Carried up to 40,000 feet, dropped in the pilot would engage the rocket engine and do whatever he needed to do. Beginning in 1959, Scott Crossfield, the north American Research engineering test pilot is the first flight with the next 15 x15. Fly working fly, how it can and by the mid1960s, you have a Flight Program that is influenced and encouraged. The Space Program developed this program. These aircraft are operating in fun over at the edwards space base. X15he midto late 1960s, flights are pushing the regime in terms of flying 67 miles high or at a high feet speed of mach 6. The pallets of these vehicles are primarily nasa pilots or air force pilots. Of these vehicles are primarily nasa pilots or air force pilots. These are missions pushing people to believe that this is the way into space. Is this what will be developed to make this transition . You have to think, when this airplane or supplies in 1959, first plies and nothing 59, ofes in 1959, the idea higher, faster, further is being x15. Lized through the this was flown by Scott Crossfield and a number of nasa test pilots. Including Neil Armstrong who was testyed as a nasa research pilot. Something he was proud of. Path thatn alternate another type of vehicle was chosen for. In a lot of ways, this was an alternate pathway that never happened, but the knowledge of the technology of designing a hypersonic vehicle in which, the x 15 holds the record as the fastest man carrying vehicle to still a, the x15 is symbol of what might be the next plateau in terms of hypersonic flight. There are many individuals, especially nasa today, believe hypersonic travel is possible and there is research in unmanned hypersonic engines and they see these as a direct result of this work of this research airplane, the x 15. I hope you have enjoyed this look at some of the oneofakind Fast Breaking aircraft to illustrate this game of higher, faster, and further at the collection of the smithsonian. You can choose other examples, but i feel these illustrate the ideas of pushing the envelope, reinvention as well as looking at the spectacle to have people get excited about seeing these and that touches upon the ways of experiencing flight. We have our pilots and engineers to create the aircraft, we have passengers on airliners and we are also capable of watching and reading and learning about these stories about aviation that have shaped and transformed our world. In looking at these artifacts, that is one of the primary roles preserveithsonian to these artifacts and share them with the American Public and the rest of the world. In many ways, that has resonated with our visitors in terms of our success and in terms of us telling these stories and try to present these in new ways to share that, to show the Different Levels of experience as well as the importance of the technology. Museum hass, the grown from a celebration of technology in these important milestones to show how society and culture has been affected as well as how, and rivers, has affected the technology itself. This is what has been exciting to talk about my take on this it to share that with visitors. [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. Visit ncicap. Org] [captions Copyright National cable satellite corp. 2015] great relationship with the house and Senate History offices and a reminder, what you heard