Transcripts For CSPAN2 Gallup 20240703

92000 hours of programming on the latest discussions on history, politics and biography. You can watch book tv every sunday on cspan2. Or online at booktv. Org. Book tv 25 years of television for serious readers. In Elementary School teacher. Lets try that again. Good afternoon. Okay now we have to saying. This is how it goes. Good afternoon, good afternoon. Then im going to say how are you and then you have a simple response. I am fine, im fine, i hope that you are to. I want you to sound like a choir. Good afternoon i am mc how are you . Im fine im fine i hope that you are too. Good afternoon and welcome to the report lunch. We are so excited to be here. I am doctor brown and i have the privilege of serving as the executive director Grant Research scientist of the doctor and joyce payne center for social justice, housed in the Thurgood Marshall college fund. After nearly two years of research and collaboration with the center for black voices headed by doctor Camille Lloyd we have some shocking and reinforcing data to share with you today. We are making a 100 year commitment to bring the data once a year and a system and form thats a dashboard much like tao or nasdaq where you can track the movement of racial progress in this country. We were struck by an interesting conversation in black america and that was the difference in the nexus between social justice and civil rights. Much of our language in the country is focused on civil rights, and it dates back to a series of litigations, lawsuits, movements and activations regarding racial progress. But in the seventh pamphlet of hamiltons federalist papers, and everyone seemed hamilton i hope, in pamphlet seven, hamilton introduces the concept called social justice and social justice for all of the fancy terms means fairness in society. So, while weve discussed racism, its hard to quantify racism because racism is a behavioral and phenomenological event. We can combine race prejudice and race bigotry and so we use this model in collaboration with gallup to bring to you a dashboard on social justice for black america. We will walk you through that data in just a moment. The pain the center has won the onefunction and that is to infom Public Policy related to social justice. We have six pillars and as we went through the six pillars we were checking the landscape to make sure that no one else had the same pillars we had and lo and behold, there was a center in the very building with pillars not identical but extremely similar. So we began meeting team to team almost weekly in parallel with our pillars to identify what are the Life Experiences of black americans that we should quantify and bring to the public. So that we would be able to answer your questions about reliability and trustworthiness returned to gallup because gallup has the worlds most trustworthy polling and behavioral science question database now over 80 years. So we use the world pole and key questions about Life Experiences for black americans that all americans and people all over the world have answered. We will not discuss it today but we can share with you how thriving looks across countries around the world and some populations around the world. Today we will focus on black americans, White Americans and hispanic americans because for the latino and hispanic populations are strong but the asian populations and our Indian American populations were too small to meet the 95. 95 of statistical reliability rating. So, thank you for joining us for the conversation. I want to welcome to the panel someone very important not just because hes my boss but because hes diana mike individual and the doctor. Williams the president of the Thurgood Marshall college fund. [applause] thank you doctor brown. I just want to take a minute to say welcome to the Thurgood Marshall college fund we are housed here in this building and weve been here for over 15 years. The organization was created 36 years ago when the founder, who you will meet today, had a meeting with doctor marshall in his office and when asked if he would lend his name. The historically black colleges and universities in the six hbcus Historic Community colleges, 53 institutions which represent about over 300,000 students. The Thurgood Marshall college fund is the largest in the nation representing the black college community. Doctor brown referenced earlier equality making sure leveling the playing field, and thats what by creating this organization and creating an opportunity to raise scholarships and support students. Africanamericans still have the highest amount of debt when it comes to going to college. They also have the highest challenges when its put in terms of affording to go to college, so when the founders had this vision, she was thinking about disrupting the whole entire system of how you provide scholarships and by creating the Thurgood Marshall college fund shes been able to do that. We have given out more than annually 20 million a year to support black students attending historically black colleges and universities. [applause] being a disruptor is very important. The center is a dream come true for me. When i started a six years ago as president , one of the things i was looking at is not only do we provide scholarships, but we also get up every single day focusing on continuing the legacy of Justice Marshall. One of the greatest Supreme Court justices that walked the planet. And Justice Marshall as you know he got up every day focusing on how to tear down a system that created barriers that block people from advancing and one a system he ripped apart was jim crow and when he went into that plessy versus ferguson separate but equal doctrine which was so significant, to ripped apart and brown v board of education, he argued and preparing for that argument on the campus of the universities that is less than a mile from here, Justice Marshall went into the Historic Library and prepared for that brief, for that particular argument that changed the world, that changed america. And the justice the Thurgood Marshall college fund and the social justice continue to that legacy today. Today you will hear as you heard from our executive director doctor brown from very Interesting Data that youve never seen before and that is what is so historic about that today. So im excited about it because it continues the legacy of justice Thurgood Marshall. Welcome. [applause] [inaudible] thank you and thank you for all you do and for taking on this important job. That was great. Thank you for all you do. The Thurgood Marshall college fund and thank you for involving me and all the stuff youve done. This isnt a specialty of mine that i was concerned about the measurement. We promised to do this for a hundred years and when i look at the research challenges, i start thinking about problems and solutions. The dream was we could put some kind of metric on racism so we would say how racist is america, a little racist, of course theres a few around and is it 3 , 30 , 60 . But the next problem is hard for the respondent to unpack racism. One of the problems we have dealing with it and theres so many smart people in this room is how racism is doing is an argument. There is a real important black american leader here in town, supersmart. Hes been a College President of some universities, columbia trained lawyer and all that. He says black experience in america is the worst its ever been. Very smart, important american leader, worst its ever been. A good friend of ours is ambassador andrew young, one of the most amazing people ive ever met or known. He says no its the best its ever been. Thats a different answer. I said i know hes ambassador. I said what do you say to all the important black leaders that say its the worst its ever been and you know what he said, they were into their were not there. If we dont have some kind of measurement with carrying americans of sorts with the same thing, the argument. If we can put some kind of measurement and math to this, just the measurement itself will change everything. I looked through all our data. I did a whole bunch of research on information for academia. Its not real good. Most of them are not a very practiced researchers and they will do what i call spot poles. So once on how much racism have you experienced in your life, and i cant tell you the worst researcher is better than that. Its very tricky because you have to do two things. One is you have to write to the question and carve it and test it and if youre really good youll run it for ten minutes and run analytics and line it up. Youve got to wonder about the question and this is too serious to be wrong. I found two questions and all the work. One is would you vote for a qualified candidate for president. The question was written if he i laughed so i dont go nuts. Weve been asking that question for 60 years. Im 72 so i would have been 12yearsold when that started into the answer was no, we wouldnt do that. I said of course not. But you know what, we evolved. It went from about 20 to 94 but now you might say other people were socially acceptable. The only good thing about being old as you are there. Up to 94 . There is a lot to think about. If you said what racism ever go away you can kind of see a solution and that. If it gets mixed enough, we dont have a problem anymore. What about when it gets to 50 and then the 70 a lot of you here know my son he came home with a young woman thats about a third black, about 50 indigenous and there will be a new mix in my family. It really we didnt think that much about it we would have 50 or 60 years ago. But you get the point about the validation of those items. With a single item we have the most confidence in, and im trying to do this as fast as i can is a question invented about 60 years ago. Heres the item and theres two nobel prizes. On a scale of zero to ten with zero being the worst life imaginable and ten being the best life imaginable, where are you on that scale it gets about 98 . So we have benchmarks and millions of interviews. What we want to do is unpack racism as much as we can. We found three categories. Thriving, struggling and suffering. But if you saw things Getting Better i think i would go to that item as my third most favorite because the more black americans that keep moving into thriving you would have to Say Something is working. But then all the smart people that we have here can start looking at all the other derivatives from income and i think that we can get a lot of discoveries. We have a lot of confidence in thriving. When you have wellbeing it starts with your job. Theres some behavioral activities if anybody is in a job the single best question we are not asking about her racism or anything else. What are you in the presence of the single most respectful act that a management or corporation or group of people can have, just yes or no. Of the other one is fear the actual racism and humiliation or the disrespect its actually having fear in your body. We are going to do a good job measuring fear. A close relationship with police and then finally as you know, we are paying for this ourselves. A problem that we made to the family a long time ago when we got the organization and it was so important to me as the sole chairman this is the best work that we do. No special Interest Groups and we are going to work as hard as we can to get this right. The best people working on it, but we need you to join this and to be part of this Research Group and for reporters you might say to them rather than pride this angle orbis why dont you put some data in it and see if we can get it right. What are you really trying to do here. The mission is to get this right. Thank you very much. [applause] [inaudible] we want to show you the numbers and research. We know you are all here for the data. You are going to get some data. We want to get some background on the study that led to the data that we are going to be sharing a little bit about. Jim mentioned about the objective to quantify peoples experience to take the debate out of it. Part of the work at the center what we are doing is we are tracking and measuring experiences on a quarterly basis. So, since july of 2020, we surveyed over 150,000 americans on these measures and weve been tracking that quarterly since july of 2020. For the most recent measures included in the report, this survey is over 10,000 adults and it was conducted in february, 2023. It was an english only survey and webbased survey. We utilized the panel as well as sample panels from a thirdparty vendor to make sure it was fully representative of the population that we were trying to measure. Part of the goal was to not just assume the experience is a monolith but to do largescale research that allows for us to unpack the nuance experience that we know black americans have. To tell you the validity, the data is the result based on the sample the 95 confidence interval, so it is a really solid research. Jim mentioned this one of the things we want to understand is how is your life going so we have this measure of the selfreport, self evaluation measure where we ask black americans on a scale from zero to ten and if you imagine that to be the latter, what would you rate the current life . Where would you be on this particular latter ramp locale black americans rate to the current Life Experience and the hope they have for the future. What this allows us to do is categorize peoples self evaluation of their lives into one of three buckets. So, start with suffering, struggling in thriving. What that means is that for someone to be thriving, you essentially have to rate your current as a seven or higher so youre pretty satisfied with how the life is going and then when you look at your life five years from now, rating that at an eight or higher so very satisfied or rating the current life highly and then optimistic about what your life will be five years from now. What we see about individuals that are falling within this thriving bucket is that the well wellbeing is strong, consistent and progressing. For those that are in the struggling bucket what we see as moderate or inconsistent so you might have moderate life evaluations for the current life evaluation and how you rate your life and then when you think about five years from now, could be moderate or negative, so theres inconsistencies in terms of overall wellbeing. Then what we see in terms of those that are in that suffering bucket is the wellbeing of high risk so you are rating the current life evaluation and future life evaluation is similarly low. This is a very important piece. Over the title of the report, this report could be black suffering and struggling in america or it could be black thriving in america and i think its important as we get to the next data slide that africanamericans are moving into the thriving category at a consistent rate but i caution all of us as we unpack the data that even while half of us plus two or thriving theres still half of us struggling in the country. In addition to the thriving measures, we look at important areas and have measures that are touching around dignity in public so this is the experience with mistreatment going about your everyday life and we see that 57 black americans say they have been treated fairly in the last 30 days. We will unpack that to see what it is we are measuring with of this dignity in public. We also spent about 90,000 hours of our lives at work and time spent on the workplace, so we have this measure about what are our experiences at work and see 42 can say at work im treated with respect. We have a measure about interactions with police. A lot of conversations are had in terms of how it impacts our lives in negative and life altering ways. So we have a measure around interactions with the police. In the last 12 months we have to asked if they failed an introduction with the police and then asked whether we thought they were treated fairly among those that had an interaction and they say they were treated fairly in the introduction theyfound in the last 12 months. The last thing jim mentioned something about having fear in your body and how that affects your overall wellbeing and quality of life and we have this measure around safety in the neighborhood. We are asking people if whether or not they feel safe walking alone at night where they live and we see this 56 of black americans saying they feel safe walking alone at night. This is one of the two slides that you will see consistently for the next hundred years. I will be retired but you will be here watching this and this is the dashboard. You will be able to track every year whether we are at 52 , 50 , 36 and you think im making these numbers that you will see it in just a moment and aware we are with these discrete interactions. This is going to allow us to track racial progress or recession. I would add it also has the ability to oversample so many years, cities, states can oversample their population and you can hold your mayor accountable than to say how are we making progress on social justice in the district of columbia, how are we doing in baltimore city, or you could do it statewide. And i will say this one last thing. Executive director of the pain center, maybe i just got a raise. I just got a bonus. Its a great day. I am feeling really good. In my car driving home from nine into maryland i have an account for the Police Officer that is racially biased, disrespectful, stressful, and im feeling great. My body. Was that a good day or a bad day for me . Thats what the data has to unpack. This is something that we share so we do see when we look at black americans in terms of the percent that are thriving we see just over half. Comparably what we see from White Americans as well and slightly higher than what we hear from hispanic americans. So, for that comparison across racial and ethnic groups. This is my last one and then i will be quiet because we want to hear the panel. Whats important is that they are measuring selfreported perceptions of the lived behavior. The only way, and i see a psychologist here she went to michigan and a studied. The only way to measure behavior is by selfreport. Even your doctor, my mother is an oncology nurse, even your doctor asking the question can you describe the pain, they ask you then on a scale of one to ten, where is your pain. So what were doing is asking black americans, White Americans on a scale of one to ten, where is your pain. The pain center does not interpret the data. But if you look at the trend line you can ask yourself what was happening in the nation around january of 2009 that led black americans to perceive that they could have the best life imaginable. You could follow these and you could mark whats happening in the country thats making americans feel that they have a thriving life or a struggling life and then when you get over to 2016, 2017 you have to ask yourself what happened to make black americans feel that their lives were no longer thriving in the ways that they work and when we get to this 52 , i miss read misread itand you may recall wee having breakfast and i was excited and i say blacks and whites are thriving equally that is correct. Blackandwhite selfreport thriving equally but when we ask them about respect, discrimination, safety in the workplace, they reported their lives in very different ways. Looking a little bit deeper we asked a series of questions related to in the last 30 days going about your everyday life doing your everyday activities did you feel like you were treated unfairly in the following places because of your race and ethnicity. The numbers are here. Black americans are more likely to say they experienced unfair treatment and these everyday activities that we are measuring is shopping, dining out, receiving healthcare. So we do see that they are more likely to experience unfair treatment and they believe its because of their race and or ethnicity over the last 30 days. If you notice for black and White Americans the level of discrimination is multiple. What is not unpacked in the data is a wealth of data that we have on income and you will find that they have certain experiences compared to the general population. We do see the nuanced experiences based on gender identity, based on income, and i think also based on where you live as we see differences across these measures. Respect at work is belonging in your workplace, so we ask about experiences at work and we ask about that question about at work being treated with respect and we also asked questions about whether or not there was someone there who encourages the development so we do see that they are just someone network that encourages their development and at the same amount that their opinions count. In that interaction we ask about respect what you will notice is the trend and the pattern that we are hearing that had experienced that those numbers are lower than we see for White Americans and hispanic americans. This question around safety in my neighborhood do you feel safe walking alone at night in the area where you live and just over 56 answer the question with yes i feel safe walking alone at night at that number is significantly less than what we see and hear from hispanic americans and White Americans in terms of their ability to feel safe in the communities that feel safe walking alone at night. Can i say one thing on that before we go to the response this is a significant slide. Im not going to interpret the data, but this data revealed and maybe you can say more at 120,000, you dont notice how black im. My Life Experiences begin to change. Where i live begins to change. Maybe the cost driving when im stopped by Police Begins to change. So theres clear data that poor americans are still struggling and suffering at a great degree. Wealthy americans dont have the same levels of struggling and suffering and even black americans who had 120,000 have the ability to shield themselves from some Racial Discrimination and racial values. There are still instances where they encounter it but the nature of their lives allowed them to buffer themselves from those racial hardships. What we want to do now is to pause. The secretary of the smithsonian was to be here today. They had an emergency Board Meeting called and he couldnt get here so he took a quick message from his office. Can we see that video from the secretary, and thank you for helping me with this data. [applause] im the secretary of the smithsonian institution. Let me begin by saying i wish i could be with you in person for this important effort. And the humanities and the data are both central to my life and career. Ive always used them as tools for social justice. The 2023 report demonstrates the significance of using evidence to help paint a picture, a more realistic picture of the country and to hold that nation to its highest ideals of fairness, equality and access opportunities. Im equally impressed to see this commitment to measure the longterm trend of africanamerican life over the next century. As we look at this report and the truth that helps illuminate im reminded of the influential quote. The problem that line more than two decades in the 21st century. It makes it clear with other dimensions they factor in the equation. You cant be the historian without being hopeful. Africanamericans are a case study in resiliency. Theyve often lead the charge to try to make a promise in the democracy for reality. If we look at this report, we can take comfort in how far weve come. This is a different america than of 64. But im also worried about the other implication and that is the resiliency on poverty and its weight relentlessly drags on the progress weve made as a people, as a society and a nation. They realize economic considerations were also essential to battling the common line. Its crucially important to understand that the race problem is more than just color. Its also class and the economy. For me, this report raises the fundamental challenge, and that is how will we really deal with that persistent issue of poverty . Especially because that poverty is what takes away peoples optimism and ultimately peoples hope, and that we cant afford. As we look back at black americas progress in the Civil Rights Movement and celebrate those that are thriving today, its imperative we dont lose sight of those that are still struggling and suffering. To me, this report is a clarion call to continue the fight for civil rights. Its also a reminder of what doctor king knew and was working to address at the end of his life. The challenge of economic inequality which in many ways is at the heart of social injustice in america. Presents a terrific opportunity for dialogue about where we stand as a society and how we can make the needed progress towards a more polar a stick hon that embraces diversity, that faces its challenges that thrives hard to make the country fair for everybody. Its a powerful argument for the policy and addresses the stark divide in economic opportunity. And it shows if we achieve we must face our problems clearly with evidence like this to challenge us to make us do better. In many ways, what this report says is that we cannot afford to be a community of divides. Of those that got to the window versus those that did not. The report calls on us to make sure none of us are doing well unless all of us do well. Thank you very much. To help all of us dig through the data and there is an advanced copy of the report, we have one or two copies to pick up on your way out, give one to a friend to help us dig through the data. Please welcome to the stage andre the senior fellow from brookings institute, institution, Melanie Parker the chief diversity officer from google, the director of the Schomburg Center for research and black culture the namesake the founder of the Thurgood Marshall college fund and none other than my good friend and colleague who is the editorinchief here at gallup. Lets give them a round of applause. [applause] thank you. I will do a softball pitch question first. To get you warmed up. So, basically, good afternoon, but what are your thoughts and implications, your First Impression of this report . Lets start with you, andre. First of all, i want to thank you, doctor brown [inaudible] its encouraging that we have a sense of optimism [inaudible] despite and in spite of these conditions in our neighborhoods. People are finding a way to thrive. Equivalent to our white peers. There were a few things we also need to be mindful of. The policing data will surprise some, because by and large, even though black americans and 72 are the lowest in terms of their appreciation of the police, by and large, most americans have a good sense of the general policing and in addition the data found that black americans actually report fewer encounters with the police. With that said when we do and counter the police, theres discriminate higher levels of discrimination which makes the argument if we can get rid of the discrimination, we would be much better off so the arguments around, you know, these arguments that black people dont trust police, thats not necessarily true. We dont like discrimination in policing and that is true and then one other thing i will just mention that is striking, we constantly say that money cant buy you love or happiness. The brother with a hundred thousand dollars feels a little bit better about themselves. But we also know that discrimination is bundled tightly in neighborhoods. So when you are in a poor neighborhood youre getting worse policing, education, worse housing, worse energy costs. So its not surprising that when you go to place thats where we see a struggle, more of a struggle. But i will be clear money can mitigate. But i wouldnt necessarily say that you certainly experience a different type of discrimination. But how i interpret it is if you have the Discretionary Income to combat racism, you will feel better off when you have a sense of control and autonomy. Started with gratitude, and i agree with many of the points you made. I think the framing of the narrative is important because we recognize to understand and solve a problem, how we frame it and so this asset framing first acid framing firstas a deficit s important. Whats really surprising to me here is not just that the data was framed that way but consistent progress that we made and thats not the story that weve heard and for a long time the black communities toggled between being hyper visible or invisible and in between that, theres a lot of stress but what this report says is that we can normalize the experience of black americans on par not just with majority populations that other groups as well and this commitment to 100 years of this research is incredible. I mean, thats normalizing the black experience. Its going to normalize, like, what it means to thrive, and its going to improve experiences for everybody. Whats thank jim clifton and doctor harry williams. [applause] i was surprised that we are thriving as well as we are. There is a dilemma here because im washingtonian but i now live in a little town by the name of rocky mount in North Carolina and thats a different perspective for me so i see africanamericans thriving, but i also see a large number of africanamericans struggling, desperately struggling. I also see structural barriers within the policies and the legislation in the state that maintains and reinforce the divide between communities. We live in a little town by the name of rocky mount. They divided the town by county. Nash county has the power and the other has a deficit. That deficit model really paints the expectations of the individuals who base that each and every day, and id like to see much more information, much more data about resilience in those communities when they dont see a model of progress. When you dont see a model of progress, how do you emulate that . How do you create a mindset that says you can thrive in a community in spite of the challenges . I see my granddaughter in the room and we had of this debate all the time. She wants to paint racism on every issue. Did you get the kind of ice cream at the store it was racist. [laughter] you didnt get it because they dont think you deserve it. My position is of course theres racism, but we also have to find a way to continue to be resilient and obviously weve done that in order to thrive, but i would love to see also, doctor brown, much more data about the differences between some of our Southern States and big cities, because i see a tremendous divide between washington, d. C. And the great state of North Carolina and especially rocky mount. Most of our hbcus of course are in the south so some of these universities are fighting those structural barriers each and every day. I am very impressed with where we are, but i think we have a long way to go. Andre and i were talking about the economics of racism and about three years ago i wrote a report on the economics of poverty. One of the conclusions was we have to also have a positive vision of where we can be. Thurgood marshall talks about the poverty of vision and so how do we overcome the poverty . How do we find the models to replicate or how do we get the kind of resources and data that would help us get there . I must say i am so pleased that youre working with us on this. Jim has been with us since the beginning of time. We have this long relationship he was the chairman of the Thurgood Marshall college fund for many years and i wish hed been around 400 years ago. [laughter] so we could look at where was black america 400 years ago and where are we now, but this is a good beginning. Thank you so much. Thank you. Good afternoon everyone. Im also very grateful to be here this afternoon. I am coming from the Schomburg Center for research into black culture where for the last 99 years, and 99 years now weve been collecting and preserving and documenting the histories and cultures of people of african descent and one of the ways in which i look at everything now is through the lens of black creativity, black autonomy and selfdetermination even in the midst of institutions that may or may not be led by majority populations. So, when i read this report, i have to tell you, and i am not a pessimist in any way, but i am very much grounded in what i see around me every day and what i read about the attacks on black history, the attacks on black literacy because banning books is an attack on literacy and where then are the institutions that are reinforcing and have to step into those gaps, these things are cyclical in many ways. So, when i read this report i thought i am not a pessimist, but 52 of black people report that they are thriving, thats wonderful. Then you get further into the data and qc where there are points of concern, points that need to be further unpacked, where things are kind of in my mind causing new questions to come and one of the things that was not only surprising was that notion of more than half of black americans thinking of themselves as thriving in these data sets or these points that are explained in the report. At the other thing i was thinking is how wonderful it is to ask a new question. How come you get different answers when you ask a question in a different way, not just whats wrong but how do you see your self, how is your life going, and i dont know that thats something thats necessarily a question that many black americans get asked often. So i think the centering of this new question provides an opportunity for a new narrative and also provides an opportunity for centering the self and i think this is always critical for black people to be at the center of conversations about black people. So, we have to be able to answer those questions in very self reflective ways that are not only based on material conditions but also mental and physical conditions. When i think about the report, the things that stand out to me, and im always going to harp on this is a fine point on gendered experiences because it is very binary in many ways to me. The other thing that i was wondering is about the geography, like what is the different experience between atlanta, washington, d. C. , and a someplace like Rocky Mountain or someplace like the corner. What is it that you know, that is for you. [laughter] what are the ways in which we can center ourselves differently but also look at our geography, because people are having different experiences west of the Rocky Mountains or in texas or florida even where there are, where there remain danger zones and not just hidden danger zones but very visible. If so i think the report has the opportunity, or theres the opportunity to enter into conversations black people are having the other lives that happen all the time, whether they are formal or informal in our institutions and our churches and all these spaces and this provides a different question. I think that is a really wonderful place to come from. One correction, we are in Rocky Mountains. Pardon me. I will talk about the things that surprised me. One conceptual and two data points. One thing that surprises me is that its taken this long for us to actually develop metrics that can be tracked across periods of time and it disappoints me that we dont have these metrics for cities across the country, let alone the rural areas across the country. I am egyptian originally. I immigrated to this country. It amazes me part of why we started the center is we live in a country that is funding measuring sustainable vehicles all over the world. I can tell you how education are improving in india. We just had an article on that last week. I can tell you my boss asked me that and the answer was embarrassing. I looked it up, its 14 . How come we dont know that about baltimore, how do we not know that number . So what surprises me is that its taken us collectively as a country this long to do this work. Two data points that surprised me is this report, one is this concept of a youth bonus. We ask these questions all over the world, the scale from zero to ten. What we find in most societies is that younger people tend to have a higher rate of thriving they have more positive life evaluations and they call that the youth bonus. Its not hard to imagine why when we think about the future into young people into the aspirations that show in the numbers. Among young people in this country it is actually a youth discount, not a bonus and you can look at the numbers yourself in the report thats in front of you. Young people have the lowest rate of thriving compared to their elders, black elders so thats one thing that surprised me. The other thing that surprised me and kind of broke my heart is the gender disparity. One of the questions we asked in this study and we asked all over the world is do you feel safe walking alone at night in the area in which you live. In the report in front of you 71 of black men, not white men, not americans overall, 71 of black men say they feel safe. 43 of black women say the same. And that overall number in that metric really met that massive gap. That is a gender gap that we usually dont see. One of the Biggest Challenges is people want to have these gender gaps and in a lot of the metrics across the world there really arent that dramatic of gender gaps and it makes for a very awkward conversation sometimes. In this case its not a gap its between the experience of black women and safety where they live and black men. So those are the three things that surprised me as i looked over these findings. I want to go from where you left us, mohammed, and pick up what joyce said and then im going to start with doctor payne. And that is on this notion of resilience. So coming across the panel, we heard andre raise questions about the anecdote money cant buy you love over to what the data actually shows, and in the middle joy raised the question about perception of thriving. It was his grandmother said life is taught me how to take lemon and make lemonade. And for my own self i did not even know we were poor until i got to penn state. I went to undergrad, to fill up the travel sorbate the question was how many vacation does your family take a gear . I said with a four six vacations a year but the next place what is your Favorite Hotel . We stay on the couch. So for us vacation is very different than what penn state was expecting vacation to maine. Stale bread adjustments bread pudding. Is there a challenge that we may need to unpack . But that was generally my point. I was surprised by the extent to which. I Wonder Within that context is that what you just said . Do we understand the extent of White America i have my sister here in the audience we talk frequently i grew up in a family of h. I did not know i was poor until i went to a reception and realized i did not have a butlers it. I did not have a driver. I said this is a different world. You really do have to take inventory of your own life urged where others are in the world. You look at wealth in this country we are talking about 340,000 in black household versus 1. 1 billion i hear conversations among young people who say i would be really happy if i could make 50000 a year. You cannot live at washington on 50000 a year you cannot live in most places that his low expectation. That is not only low expectations that is where is America Today to have a sense of how much wealth is controlled in the country . White america still controls over 82 of wealth in the nation. In spite of the fact we are thriving. Are we thriving off of 50000 . Are we thriving because that is all we know . Or if we change those expectations . I think the economics of inequality has to be much more analyzed in terms of how we see ourselves within an economy that continues to have a structural barriers are. What the Civil Rights Movement but we did not look to the economic movement. That is what surprised me. Dont go back to the police and put in the midst of george floyd 60 of africanamericans did not have an encounter they viewed as devastating. To their wellbeing. I find that very interesting and i would love to see much more data. We have a major problem and many of the cities where our universities are located. With the president time to talk to the chief of police and the local Police Department our students often leave the campus and encounter police and very damaging ways. We are still suffering to a large extent once they leave the campus those are some major issues i would love to see much more data in that area. Too that point there are population of differences. You have to remember africanamericans are only accounting for approximately 15 the general population. So its small but what we do know is that on numerological account they may be on par they are much more likely to escalate into extremely negative or deadly encounter compared to other. Groups for quick settlement once said if we could stop selling pressure africanamericans and have them driving we could lower the death rate significantly. That is a powerful statement, just dont let us drive. A bigger profound statement. I do agree economic reality is not well underserved. Your comment. Too far from where you currently reside i grew up in high point North Carolina. I am first generation college. Empty first generation corporate america. My parents met and married they were both in the air force. Until i grew up in a predominantly black neighborhood in my hometown. My perception was we were middleclass until he went to Hampton University of very different classes among black people. I just did not have that exposure. Met mother had a Volkswagen Beetle in 1969. We wrote that the taxes the we spent the night on the floor in sheets and a blanket. That was vacation for us but we did that every year but i was not personally aware until i was drunk other black people how different folks live it but i agree that perception meant o have to tell that back to understand where that is. But resiliency were restarted. The resiliency of black people goes back to slave history and how we encourage ourselves and encourage others through pouring in the songs to the stores we told ourselves. Through the mental mindset and how those things have been handed down in history. Depressing on. That was startling to me that seemed to be the magic number. That number represented zip codes. Zip codes represent all the things you talk about for they also represent the quality. On the quality of care for the quality of childcare and all thethings that added to the comorbidity. We have the opportunity of the next 400 years to underscore and dive deeper. To just tell me pick up the microphone. However, what i wanted to add to the conversation is this notion of the datasets i think need to be unpacked a good deal more . And for me one of things during covid work based in the harlem in new york city. Very intercity experience. For talking to my team about the notion of what it means to physically care for ones self and that very scary time. When i look at the numbers that are part of this report in terms of household feeling about actually being at Optimal Health or near perfect physical health, net was startling to me. Those were among the lowest in numbers within the whole report. I think that any conversation that is going to project us into a future of a 100 years has to really dig deeper into the notion of physical health. To which you are saying about where we live, the food we eat all of those things lead to comorbidity but also part of our history being we are carrying generational stress with us into the future. I am just so curious about how we can really dive deeper into that notion of what it means honestly more than the 120,000. More than some of these other datasets. For me its about health its about health as well. Im really flipping the narrative around that. The other thing im not sure we will get to this is the notion of 100 years into the future which again goes back to the optimism. Its also in my mind pulling from a methodology or pulling from an interdisciplinary thought practice so not everybody is into it. And sometimes it comes with search and baggage itself. But it doesnt have us question or think about being here in the future. Because i think the pessimism is that may not happen. The joy of this study to me we are going to proceed and perceive a future of black life in black and thriving. A look at watch it as it dips, it rises and how it interacts with what is going on in the context of the nation. Of the world and so on and so forth. I am the doing afro futuristic thinking here. It was interesting to me too think that is one way to frame this. Clearly you didnt see the movie. [inaudible] [laughter] appeared. Okay we are good all right. Hopefully theyll be quoting me. [inaudible] appeared. And want to make a point here. What we are looking at in terms of the data is around peoples perceived notions of how they are doing their still Structural Racism that extract wealth and health from people every day. My colleague at gallup and i found homes in black neighborhoods are underpriced by 23 about 48000 per home about what her 56 billion is lost in equity in black neighborhoods. We note black Life Expectancy is highly correlated with homeownership. We know homeownership is 30 points lower than our white weit appears. We see educational outcomes that are different. There are structural barriers that are hurting black americans. Why this is important, wouldnt you perceive you can handle the stressors. You are much more likely to address them in a positive way. We have black people in our community that are reacting to these stressors in negative ways that manifest itself in lower health rates greater risktaking behavior, violence, and a whole slew of things. One sibling to take the thriving david to say where people are thriving we need to learn from them. How are they combating the Structural Racism . How are they combating in places like maryland, tennessee, state colleges hbcus are systematically getting less of funding . You can be crushed by that or you can fight it. That is by opening the thriving its not to say everything is okay. It is to say you need enough to wherewithal to combat the Structural Racism. Muhammad than the last question. Whoevers hand was first a bit. Of it. I want to follow up with the geography. The majority of africanamericans are living in atlanta, california, new york, big cities. Now we are beginning to see a change in migration. They are of vacuuming many of these big cities and going to the cities or towns where we have black colleges. To the Southern States were who black history is being challenged. The gender issue, all the social issues. How is that going to change the economics, the politics of social context over african africanamericans are . That whole evacuation of northern cities, big cities in Southern States is going to create perhaps even more challenges as we look at thriving america picnics we do not cover it today i wish we could have. We certainly are constrained by our financial resources. But the city of detroit recently took some of these data questions and over sampled and did a deep dive for detroits by neighborhood, by zip code. This becomes the question. If a mayor, a governor, a company has the commitment to social justice we have the questions that can be used to help them track and a quantifiable way i think it was drucker said what if measure gives managed, right . We can measure it now if you really are committed to management, muhammad . Works as someone who saw that work come together the Community Leaders of detroit really deserve our respect. They were the first two that stood up and sit yes we want to do this in our city. Our mission with this work is every major city in this country does what detroit did. Bravo detroit. I want to pick up on your point, joy its important to number this is report focus on social justice. The center actually does track the five dimensions of wellbeing including physical wellbeing. Thats another really critical part of the work we are set to do for the next 100 years read butsocial justice is absolutely critical. Its not the whole story. So much of what ends up being a social justice issue are Health Disparities educational disparities community wellbeing, career wellbeing how i feel about the work im doing too have opportunities to learn and grow in the field that im working on . Those data are being collected. But again they are going to beat most powerful when we can break out community by community where these things are working and where they are not. I also just wanted to point to a very important lesson looking at thriving its important to keep in mind what we have learned studying the whole world is the direction of that metric is far more important than the absolute value. So it really gives me hope when i look at these numbers for black americans is the 52 the graphic is moving in the right direction. But on that point, as we convert to White Americans what you will notice about the trend for White Americans is that it is going in the wrong direction. We think about the Reference Point for how a black life is being lived in america they all come from an errant were comparing to the white population is the standard go to thing. Theres a great book called depths of despair i encourage all of you to read that breaks out out life for White Americans is kind of falling apart on many levels. So as we think about the future of black americans thriving it is important for us to also stay very sober about what are the comparison points . Who are the community do should be comparing them to is a more valuable to compare them to White Americans or more valuable to impair black lives in new york to black lives in los angeles . Maybe we will learn more and to both of course. It raises an important point that should be highlighted here. One is, this report is a collaboration between two centers. One which is the pain center for social justice at the Marshall College fund and the center for black voices at gallup. The center does a lot more work than just report the center for black voices does a lot more work than this report. This is the convening of those two centers for this one project. I hate to bother you. And i do not have my glasses on. Im a little vain i need them. I think that was just sandy walked in from detroit i cant see. [laughter] it was. We have been talking about you. [laughter] the room. I walked in late to be. I am sorry. Dont tell anyone at the chamber that he was late. I apologize we are off descriptive everyone on my team i will buy you a cocacola to pay for this. But we were sharing that detroit did a deep dive using this data by zip code, by community. Could you just share how the city of detroit is using this work . First of all where is mike colleague . If i am in this, you are in the so here we go. First of all good evening everyone i am sorry im late ive got six main things to dos and im so glad to be here in my day to death my friends of gallup and friends of black voices. First of all we are proud to partner with gallup and center of black voices to conduct one of the first deep dive lived experiences surveys tailormade to the city of detroit and the tricounty area around detroit and our partnership with gallup has been absolutely fabulous. Even though we are one of the first to the survey, we are still early in this process. So, as we all know having data is important. But action and results coming out of data is really what is most important. So we have assembled a tab of partners local partners for us to understand the data that we have created. But most importantly our next step is how do we involve the Philanthropic Community . The Government Community . The Business Community at a common table to analyze the data and say okay, what is next . Its not just one project. We anticipate is a series of collective action projects bank a rotating with manipulative municipalities be an Philanthropic Organization see to do something on housing. In a particular area. Another coalition of actors using other parts of the data to do Something Different say around transit or around jobtraining. And the beauty of what we are trying to develop what we are developing with the center on black voices is the ability to however tweak the survey for the following year or years to determine the actual impact of those collective action projects. This is very much a film at 11 projects that we make film at 11 report we are very, very excited about where this is going and im sorry to interrupt requests thank you, thank you. Im glad i saw you walk in. [applause] ive got four minutes to end this panel. Let me pick up where sandy was and where it muhammad it was an ask you, you have seen the dashboard. You will be seeing this dashboard every year for 100 years. Im going to jump around so you dont im coming to you. What is a utility . What are the ways in which you can see it being used and what was missing . This is the first one that you would like to see included in 2024 . Whats up with muhammad. I will leave it to others. I will say how can it be used . Is a perfect example. One of things i absolutely admire about doctor perrys work as he figured it out a long time ago if you do not have hard numbers that just stops at an argument level. Is a nation that believes and numbers. If you do not have numbers its my opinion against yours. I think the most critical thing for anybody who is interested in this topic is we need to continue to trend these metrics. We need to perfect them which is what we have always set at gallup. We need to continue to get more granular with them so that the actions that can be taken based on what we are learning are actually doable, supported by data that no one will argue about. But at the same time the data is not the end all for measuring this to impact and measure the life outcomes. Awesome joya see you have the mic in your hand. I do. Im going to be brief and go the reverse direction. There is some data in the report that spoke to me specifically as a black woman in a workplace. I think that data is critical. Another trick i think that is used often on black folks, black women in particular is to think you are crazy when youre identifying your pain. Therefore if there is data to help you if only for your self legitimized that that is very critical. Awesome, melanie . Might role at google as chief officer i use data to understand like whats the size of the gap and where is the largest gap there is the greater investment to to equity and equality. And so i see this it data it very useful in setting the benchmark and the baseline you can trend and compare this data to Employee Satisfaction data. There is a qualitative and a quantitative but we look at employee sentiments to the lived experiences of our employee population. This gives us an external benchmark to look at what would be missing and will be helpful in the corporate context is what types of roles are folks coming from . Theres a student category. If you look at profession even using the same entities we used for make government viewpoints. The categories because it would help you better leverage and utilize that data against existing measure that are already in use. Awesome. You know, we talk about discrimination in a lot of different areas and housing, education we seldom talk about discrimination around data. Very racist organizations have used data to their advantage. The only way i have seen truly combat that is to give people the information they need in an accessible consumable way. And with that said with this should be used for always is to organize and mobilize. My work at brookings, i like to fancy myself as someone who is truly giving leaders were organizing their communities an opportunity to fight the powers that be. Finally i think the thing that is missing is we do need a place based centers for that kind of data. It might be a chamber of commerce. It might be a Civil Rights Organization it might be a university. But there needs to be an anchor institution that will carry this data to the people because ultimately it is in place that you are communicating to people is much as i like rdc centers to be a center of attention ultimately our job is to give others the information they need so they can work with individuals who trust them. So combating discrimination doing place based really giving an anchor institution to organize that is what i think we should move forward too. The last word . Very simply Peter Drucker said you cant measure it you cant change it. And so we have to measure it. We have to overlay the relationship weve had with gallup over the past what, 30 years or more . I have lost count. But you cannot be a part of gallup unless you believe in the power of data. We want to continue to be catalysts and creators of change and that is what we do with the go good Marshall College fund. We want to be disruptive and want to challenge the status quo up with the only what we can do that is to have the data. And drive that data in a way that we can help out students, help out faculty members in our institutions. Feed the architects of change. Thank you. [applause] want to thank all of our panelists will have a closing word on finkel more group of people. When it first came to Thurgood Marshall doctor williams and doctor payne were able to get me a meeting with jim clifton about chairing our Advisory Board. I did my homework im an Elementary School teacher by trading so i did my homework and i found out about mary and andersons to see what the daughters of the american revolution. It was gallup in 1939 first began to interview americans about racism and racist aptitudes and response of that event. We promised for the next 100 years will continue asking those questions that gallup started in 1939 to get an answer so that we can track and we can make change. Before we go to the reception and that mediate rushers the panel i would just be remiss if i did not thank all of the people who helped work on the study and this event. If you would please stand firm gallant and the paint center, camille, whitney, drew, thank you to the staff. Thank you so much. And please enjoy your evening. Im sorry go ahead. Advisory committee . The Advisory Board for the pain center who are here i see jim is here. I see a great labor advocate in the room. Thank you so much. Please join us for the reception and conversation. I am fight to see a copy of the report. It is in the back. Thank you so much. [applause] [background noises] since 1979 in partnership with the cable industry cspan has provided complete coverage of the halls of congress from the house and Senate Floors to congressional hearings party briefings and committee meetings. Cspan gives you a front row seat jot issues are debated and decided with no commentary, no interruptions on completely unfiltered. Cspan, your unfiltered view of government. Cspan campaign 2024 coverage as your front row seat to the president ial election. Watch our coverage of candidates on the campaign trail with announcements, meet and greets, and events to make up your own mind campaign 2024 on the cspan network pregnancy spend our free mobile video app or any time online at cspan. Org. Expand your unfiltered view of politics. Cspan is your unfiltered view of government. 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