The decision by the board to free the serial sex offender from prison David Goldhill made peace his scrapping the secrecy rule this will enable us to provide for the parole board to make available summaries of the decisions they make to victims in addition I will bring forward proposals for parole board positions to be challenged through an internal review mechanism where a separate judge or a panel will look again at cases which meet the designated criteria the National Crime Agency says an 18 year old man's been arrested in whole future on suspicion of sending threatening e-mails to schools and colleges throughout the U.K. It's believed to be links to a hoax bomb threat that closed hundreds of schools last week the family of one of 3 teenagers killed by a speeding drink driver in west London in January says justice hasn't been done 28 year old Jay Nash to the summer was given a 13 year sentence after admitting causing the death by dangerous driving of Harry Rice George Wilkinson and George McGuinness and his father is in mice. 13 years and 6 words of the law for 3 boys lives at the start of all their life during the drought started of reasonably well 20 years and 6 world stability took a year off or ready ready with a gaping circumstances alertly took the 3rd off which reduced it to the insect figures show the number of cars made in the U.K. Has fallen again manufacturing fell by around 4 percent in February compared to the same period last year he's a correspondent there Leggett what this means is that the U.K. Car industry is becoming more and more reliant on export markets 8 out of every 10 cars built in the U.K. Are exported and the S M M T says that means the need for a final deal which maintains frictionless trade links with the is becoming more and more important. The Nobel Peace Prize winner Malawi use of say has returned to Pakistan for the 1st time since she was shot by the Taliban almost 6 years ago she was targeted when she was 15 because she'd been campaigning for girls' education that's the news now with this butties dumbass the Australian coach Darren Lehmann has apologized for the ball tampering scandal that has engulfed the sport of cricket he hopes the 3 players involved can be forgiven for what he's called a grave mistake Steve Smith and David Warner have been banned for 12 months with Cameron Bancroft suspended for 9 Cricket Australia's chief James Sutherland insists Lehmann was not aware of the plan to tamper with the ball against South Africa Meanwhile the former Australian International Marcus North has told 5 Live he wouldn't be surprised if David Warner walks away from international cricket. Manchester City's women L. Through to the semifinals of the Champions League after defeating linchpin $53.73 on aggregate Chelsea will join them off the front could be scored twice in their $31.00 victory of a month they won $51.00 on aggregate and in the Scottish Premiership some Johnston beat Hamilton Academical Swann will now in federal will be given until Friday to prove his fitness for Saracens Champions Cup quarter final against lengths to but believe in a poll that has been ruled out of the trip to Dublin the England number 8 has yet to fully recover from a fractured arm this is B.B.C. 5 Live in digital form the smartphone unstoppable but those days weather now in the mornings looking fine and mostly sunny for many areas in Banda sounds a number spells of rain will move north east across the country some of them having joined them from Essex girlfriend temperature is in London 9 degrees Celsius and had 6 feet exudation day means that some things to go through the roof puts. The family's going head to head in a series of games in challenging a. Little tough to interest professionals and a panel of celebrity judges was Colonel Arius both on Oh yes I have to give you a 10 percent top prize as you try to stop sniffing finishing. The Generation Game in fact with melon say. Sunday night is a B.B.C. One. On am and I have family in the U.K. On digital and online shopping and we're up all night. For many middle aged men have used to play American football professionally it's almost like a shiling field is their house. Going to take a sudden turn down hill and to chime or some loss of physical control. Will they become moody withdrawn and prone to outbursts of uncontrollable anger against people a lot last year Dr John McKee of Boston University published the results of our study of the brains of 111 deceased American football pros who donated their brains 110 of them showed signs of the violent injury disease C.T.E. Chronic trauma and sefl of what kind of sport some players dance to one as well sort of. All over Britain as 5 past 25 POS 9 just over the Scioto river from a very large penitentiary Chillicothe Ohio under the 2 dozen ass works of my own city lie the remains of ancient peoples whose time will never be up 5 prostate in Council Grove Kansas a century and a half ago was the Western limit of safe territory on the Santa Fe Trail people stopped here to make repairs and say their prayers 5 past 7 at the campground near the top of the book cliffs in the Colorado National Monument everyone so with cameras are just looking at the effect created when the last rays of the sun at the top of the rocks and turn the fire red and $56.00 on Echo Summit nearly 7 and a half 1000 feet up in California Nevada from here it's downhill all the way to Lake Tahoe which catches and refine the blue of the sky our news comes to C.B.S. . C.B.S. News on the hours. On Pam Colter the shake up of the Trump cabinet continues Veterans Affairs Secretary David Shelton is the latest to go through the revolving door presidents room to talk today thank him for his service he had been embroiled in controversy over his travel spending C.B.S. News Correspondent Stephen Portnoy has more the president's physician Rear Admiral Ronnie. Jackson is his nominee to lead the massive veterans' health agency with an annual budget of nearly $200000000000.00 Jackson has served his current post for 5 years and treated Barack Obama along with President Trump he gave the current commander in chief a clean bill of health in an exam earlier this year while the White House says pardons are not under consideration at this time the New York Times reports the president's former attorney talked about pardons for Paul Mann of Ford and Michael Flynn last summer C.B.S. NEWS POLITICAL ANALYST Leonard Steinhorn constitutional scholars are divided on this some say that if it amounts to obstruction of justice that might limit the president's pardon power but others say that the president has broad pardon power as stipulated in the Constitution and that he would be able to do it authorities in Britain believe a former Russian spy and his daughter were exposed to a military grade nerve agent at their home in Salzburg England the B.B.C.'s Ben Ando the significance of them finding the highest concentration of this nerve agent on the front door of his son not immediately suggests that that could be where the poisoning actually took place and that the pad then went into town and left traces of the nerve agent around them as they moved in House Speaker Paul Ryan's home town . And. Wisconsin students went to Janesville to protest gun violence we will fight until the change that is needed occurs even as no child should fear go into schools and here in the fire alarm wondering if it is all part of a planned mass murder about 50 students who left Madison on Sunday made the 50 miles more March to Janesville Facebook is scrambling to repair the damage. After the misuse of user data by Cambridge analytic up and it's offering new privacy tools and settings designed to give people more control over their information C.B.S. News technology consultant Larry maggot Facebook said that it's going to greatly simplify privacy controls including consolidating a number of categories of settings into one place instead of scattered to up to 20 different places you have to go now they're also creating a privacy shortcuts menu that will serve as a dashboard to find all of your most critical privacy settings stocks continued to move lower today the Dow off 9 points Nasdaq dropped 59 this is C.B.S. News concern about diversity has led to a change in Harvard's official song the song called Fear Harvard used to end with this line. It's vicious decided that referring to the stock of the Puritans tied the school to the rise and fall of racial group ngs the song will now end with the words till the stars in the firmament die a panel of professors and alumni chose the winning replacement Allison Keyes C.B.S. News The man charged with taking items from a memorial to the victims of the Stoneman Douglas High School shooting says he took down an anti gun sign because he's pro-gun Broward County sheriff's deputy says he saw 37 year old William Kennedy and 40 year old care O'Neill taking 3 teddy bears a trophy framed poems and American flags on Sunday night Pam Colter C.B.S. News. Well the question might be why did Kim Jong un go and has big green train to meet China's premier she Jinping in Beijing a few days ago now we know it and it's all out in the open but the question remains President Trump tweeted 1st of all taking palace some of the credit for years and through many administrations everyone said that peace in the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula wasn't even a small possibility now tweeted the president there is a good chance Kim Jong un will do what is right for his people and for humanity look forward to our meeting and later the president tweeted from where he said he received a message from Xi Jinping that his meeting with Kim Jong un went very well in the meantime said the president maximum sanctions and pressure must be maintained at all cost screamer not John Parker straight from of the Korean Working Group at the Harvard Kennedy School of Government told Dr Park Hello Well there it is isn't it the question is. Who instigated this visit do you think from North Korea to Beijing Well we're piecing together the reports coming out from the Chinese side and there was an official invitation extended by season ping to Kim Jong un I think we have to take a step back and also look at it in terms of the context of the relationship between the Workers' Party of Korea and the Communist Party of China and this party to party channel has a long history and I think there's a key elements in terms of that long history as well in terms of what just took place so tell us a little bit more about that because relations strained China and North Korea weren't always at Wonderful where they were not great for the last couple of years . There was that tension clearly North Korea under Kim Jong Il And with this incredible activity on the blysse missile development front and nuclear weapons testing that created that tension not only with the Chinese leadership but with regional countries in the United States as well but with respect to the party to party relationship there isn't a key element a key historical event in 1902 the Chinese leadership made a conscious decision to normalize relations with South Korea and that was critically important to France one was to get South Korean help in terms of economic credits and other ready efforts to help China with their style the economic reforms and also in terms of the political imagery South Korea helped China get the Asian Games at the time an important element of rehabilitating China's image that was a calculated decision China knew they would be burning bridges with the North Koreans so we are we see almost this last decade in high level party to party relations between the Chinese and North Koreans starting from the early 1990 S. All the way up until the early 2000 now then the final point I mentioned on this area is that the decade there we saw the North Koreans start to put a lot of emphasis on cranking out plutonium at their younger nuclear reactor we also saw the 2nd half of the 1990 S. With natural disasters a great famine that led 270-000-2200 W2W I should say North Koreans perishing in the Great Famine So this was a period where the Chinese have tried to rebuild this relationship and I think in many respects what we saw just this past few days is a Chinese effort to get back on track with this effort of rebuilding that party to party relationship. In the past of course a succession of U.S. Administrations believed that pressure on China to put pressure on North Korea over its nuclear program was the way to go and then Mr Trump seemed to cut a cut a swathe through all that just going directly to North Korea through South Korea for if anything it's China trying to reassert itself where you know where does it sit now in the in the in the scheme of things is it still North Korea's closest friend and most likely to actually move things on. Well one way to look at it is through the lens of the game plans that the respective countries have and he's game plans do have a name in the case of President Trump the maximum pressure game plan that we've heard about and core element there is economic pressure the economic sanctions from the Chinese side I think one way to view what they've been trying to do in terms of this longer term process of trying to rebuild their party to party relationship it looks like Beijing sunshine policy with Chinese characteristics and that's a reference to the Sunshine Policy of the progressive governments in South Korea to thousands an effort to use economic inducements and economic projects to get North Korea way from nuclear weapons development and more of this peaceful coexistence and focusing on trade and development so Beijing sunshine policy right now if you look at it this is something that when you view the North Korean regime and the elites the one percent a large number of them have migrated into the Chinese marketplace and the activities that they do in the Chinese market place gives them a certain type of inoculation against sanctions so this is a part that I think we are now seeing the Chinese efforts to put this North Korean nuclear challenge in the context of a process that essentially And in practice buys time for the North Korean regime maximum pressure is really designed to take that time away from the North Korean regime so we have this tension between the game plans from Beijing as well as Washington how that gap is managed is a big question mark. And both sides are talking about denuclearize ation that were even appeal. Is that are we are we making too much of that we were wrong to think that that's a real game changer. Well the statements that Kim Jong un is attributed to made are encouraging but if you look at the details of it you know Korea's ation there is a part of an aspirational goal something that he would like to work towards but he's also at a conditionality to it North Korea's security would have to be carrying Tede and threats posed against North Korea would have to be removed and so those are huge very high bars and so while North Korea is talking about the integration the conditions attached to that I think remain elusive for the time being and Mr Kemp rarely I think goes with I asking for something mighty of China for does he need food his people need economic help at the moment that's a big part of this transaction what what did each side give to the other for this meeting to happen the Chinese frame this as an unofficial meeting but it definitely did not look like what it was the quintessential rolling out of the red carpet very high level party officials on both sides meeting in a number of different ceremonies settings but with respect to the sanctions piece of it China has committed and has been maintaining something called the SEC total ban they have not been purchasing North Korean coal in air and it errants to U.N. Security Council resolutions but they've also are critical the flow significantly of oil into North Korea so a bit of relief on those 2 fronts particularly the oil I think is a big priority for the North Korean regime and certainly we will be trying to piece together what if that in fact was a big element of this type of transaction talked on part let's leave it there thank you very much indeed my pleasure thank you for that so that's how it looks from the. International side from the Chinese side on Tuesday 3 of the top 10 blown terms on Weibull where Kim Jong Il in North Korea and finally the 3rd which we are told by our next guest is a popular Chinese nickname for Kim we're joined by washing push Beijing correspondent Emma later Hala hello Emily Hello hello good good to be with us. A lot of what's been said Woodside and Woodside quite quite positive do you know what China has given North Korea and this latest sort of transaction. Well I don't know what they've given them in terms of concrete you know the demands on terms of a boy or a boiler coal but what we do know is that they given Kingdom earn a great publicity opportunity he got the chance to come to Beijing to look like a diplomat to present himself on the world stage to shake hands with one of the most powerful leaders in the world and that you know at least in the short term but still is legitimacy as to what what the deal cut behind the scene was that's not clear yet from either side did the Chinese hear very much about the specific to me and we obviously have been seeing the pictures of the green train and the limousine but the door in a Chinese people actually learn that it was happening. Is going to put a lot of speculation as to. The US can monday trainspotters in northern China I noticed a train delays across the northeast people started to take security in Dandong So there were rumors circulating online but if it's really free into that this sort of mainstream until the is officially announced. So a lot of speculation but the official view of this visit is going to be what Sheen was and the other party controlled media put out after Kim Jong un had in fact passed back towards the border. We got a lot of that last night. Would this is put China in the driving seat again I suppose that's the question isn't. Well I think that was their goal and how it played there remains to be seen but you know all this sort of tweeting back and forth between President Trump and exchanging insults with Korean North Korean state media is really what really sort of in the spotlight is shocking really want to cast himself as one of the most powerful statesmen in the world he wants to be at the heart of regional fairness into tickler he wants to be managing affairs and Asia and I think this this meeting was in part an answer for him to a certain cells in that way and to remind the president trying to remind us all to remind North Koreans that he's really sort of a gatekeeper in these negotiations over the long term in the video that soon whopper time we see very clearly the Chinese leader talking Kim Jong un right appearing to right does everything he said rather looks as if he's telling him what to do next. Right is really interesting to look at the difference and how is this with gauged by the Chinese party controlled press and then by North Korea's own press that the Chinese pictures me very much to see is state and welcoming a young a younger less experienced yes or a far it's sort of stage to look like a teacher and a pupil which is sort of a very very classic historical staging from a Chinese perspective in the North Korean press. The CD with slightly different greasy care receiving a warm reception toasting Xi Jinping. I think that difference is quite striking and revealing and Lee thanks very much thank you and they are all Hala writes for The Washington Post correspondent. Well in the night sky this week fewer big planets because as you might have noticed the nights are getting lighter but our contributor this week J.P. Morgan from the JOD cost podcast from George Will by University of Manchester say Observatory. Is a European project which won't get off the grow didn't physically speaking until 2028 has been telling me more about this is the aerial satellite which is now slated for launch some time in 2020 and this is an exciting project for me personally as well as for the U.K. Science as a whole because I'm actually involved in studying X. Apparently physics that's where I J And my Ph D. Studies at the University of Manchester actually studying these planets by transmission spectroscopy and that's exactly what this aerial satellite is going to do for us. And where is he going to go I mean is that it's a satellite so I guess it's in high orbit around the Athens and as far as I understand it this is going to go out. So this is one of the local raunch points so if you consider 2 bodies so we have the earth and the sum that both have mass they gravitationally interact with each other then the classic 2 body problem and if you solve the set of equations associated with those you recover a number of points such that if you place a 3rd smaller mass those points such as a satellite it will then remain stable at that point as the 2 large bodies interact with each other you know let's be exact I think course the exact force on the smaller objects of the keep it roughly stable Yes so I know objects placed out a Delta will remain in roughly the same kind of place which makes it very handy for parking spots like that. That's that's a fine idea so this thing the aerial mission and the minute stands for something started in the atmosphere remote sensing infrared exoplanet large survey is very I would looking is it looking beyond the solar system. Yes so this will be looking well beyond our solar system although I can't tell you exactly where at this point because the targets that the satellite is going to be looking at have yet to be selected so now that the satellite itself it's been selected for launch by ISA was the design station go forward and as we can start looking at what kind of planets this motel get and it's well I actually have a bit of insider knowledge about this because this last week on I was at the annual U.K. Except once meeting 28 in Oxford as one of the keynote speakers that was Professor Giovanni of U.C.L. Who is P.R.I. Of Ariel So she is the woman heading up the U.K.'s involvement in this project so this this satellite is very much a baby in a lot of ways she's been working on it for the better part 10 years now and it looks set to finally come to fruition so as you can imagine there was a lot of happy people at the conference you know it just lets you see very long you have to think as a scientist because if she's been thinking about it for 10 years and it's now been set for launch date of some time and 2028 well there's a 20 year just Station for this provision mazing based projects do often take a long time to come to fruition Well suppose we woke up in the in the sky. We're looking with the naked eye for souls who are going for planets and things right below the sea what can we see this week. Well this time of year from the U.K. Is unfortunately not the best time to see planets from the little chain around I've been doing so let's take Jupiter for example I mean I've done some amateur astronomy my time as well or have a 5 inch telescope with me and so Jupiter is normally a good saw that go for in the winter months but at present it's currently not favorable to observe it remains bright it's a bright target unfortunately for people with small telescopes you terrorist currently sitting quite low in the sky gets to a maximum elevation of about 22 degrees and as a consequence of that observers are going to have to look through quite a lot of atmosphere to be able to see it as an els say there is an interesting conjunction coming up in them as well we have Mars and Saturn rising together this week so that's a about 3 am You have to stay up to watch that but beyond seeing them rising together they don't reach day peak elevation for observing until 7 am in the morning by which time the sun is up one plan that does remain good for us at the end of March is Venus which should still be visible as a bright evening objects. I think it's about my nature minus 3 a bit brighter than not and if you're looking to see that it's going to be visible low in the West after about 7 pm So this will be after the sun has set and Venus itself or set about an hour to 90 minutes after that has happened. Well it'll about the plight of these. Remain invisible and are quite fun to see because there's lots of them. There so the pie days are one of my favorite astronomical objects to see through a small telescope for that very reason and you can see a lot of them and said these are an interesting object for testing purposes both for us just to look up and see how many you can see in the sky you can use that to gauge but if your eyesight and the quality of the side that you're observing from and so from a dark site and with good eyes you should be able to see all 7 all of the 7 sisters although I am fully myself I've never been able to do this the most I've seen is 6 and so if you're looking at this through a small telescope My advice to you is to use a low magnification I place such that your field of view is that maximized and so you can fit as many stars as possible in the field of view you should be able to see dozens very bargain with some advice or no sky gazing there and it's half past 2 forms it is a long line smart fundamentalisms this is B.B.C. 5 Live believes the news comes from Allison Hughes a fool Morrison spy and his daughter a lucky to have come into contact with the nerve agent at home according to police investigating the poisoning in Salisbury tests reveal the highest concentration of the chemical was found on the front door of Sygate scruples house. Detectives investigating the 2015 Hatton Garden burglary have charged a man Michael seed who's 57 who was arrested in his Linked In on Tuesday morning is due before Westminster Magistrates' later the National Crime Agency says an 18 year old man's been arrested in Hartford on suspicion of sending threatening e-mails to schools and colleges throughout the U.K. It's believed to be linked to a hoax bomb threat that closed hundreds of schools last week. The group representing hospitals and other N.H.S. Trusts in England says standards of patient care will continue to fall below acceptable standards over the next year and it is providers says through shortages of Benson staff are continuing those the news headlines now this bought his dumbass by the Australian head coach Darren Lehmann says the team needs to change its philosophies to win back the respect of their fans Captain Steve Smith and vice captain David Warner have been banned for a year for their part in the ball tampering scandal against South Africa Cameron Bancroft has got a 9 month ban Limon has kept his job after being cleared of any wrongdoing and after apologizing he was keen to remind everyone that there are no winners in this scandal I worry about the 3 guys immensely We love all their powers and they're going through a really tough talk a lot of things being said about myself and my family which is. Expected in in the storm so. It's been really tough for everyone like everyone involved including fans and people back on around the world Meanwhile a former Australian International Marcus North has told 5 Live he wouldn't be surprised if David Warner chooses to walk away from international cricket when his ban is over. It was an historic night in the Champions League for England's women Manchester City are through to the semifinals after their defeat of linchpin $53.73 on aggregate and Chelsea will join them after front Kirby scored twice in their $31.00 victory over Mom Pelley A winning $51.00 on aggregate Robin Cowan saw that game at historic night for Chelsea as they seal the 1st ever Champions League semifinal and continue their progression to becoming one of Europe's elite leading to nil for the 1st leg the talismanic Brian Kirby struck inside the 1st full minutes to settle any nerves former Chelsea forward Sofia Yacob city equalized spectacularly with a skipped British 10 minutes before half time to give telly a some hope but 5 minutes off the restart Chelsea restored their advantage Ramona Bachmann were. The compose Seifert fish Cubbies late penalty make sure of the picture to set up a law school tie kaj German heavyweights will split the side of not shall see out of the previous 2 campaigns this will be the true test of just how fall of a haze aside have come and the women Superleague their wins for Birmingham and reading Sunderland the Everton Drew won all and in the Scottish Premiership St Johnstone beat Hamilton Academical as one. The F.A.'s head of a women's football Campbell says England will enter the running to host the women's European Championship in 2021 they'll be up against Austria and hungry she's also very confident they'll be a women's team G.B. Football side in the Olympics at Tokyo we're a good place really good place we've worked with the home countries and they are really supportive as long as the individual players get the opportunity to be part of a and we're going to make sure that through the way we scout the whole of the G.T.A. We give any player with an aspiration chance to do elsewhere the England number 8 believe in a poll isn't ready to return from a broken arm in time for Sunday's Champions Cup quarter final against the head coach of Saracens Mark McCall says they'll have to be careful with him yeah you can imagine a status we've never seen him which is mix more frustrating for Billy he said I really frustrating season but he's very very close to coming back his arms not quite ready and so political is to take a risk of this point some board in the park he's back for the recall added chances are only 5050 and that's the very latest from B.B.C. Sport. Head of a massive weekend of schooling action you said today with your show from the. Circumstances today possibly before your mom says quick come on let's get this 11 call in my book for you want to know what's going on in his draw you know what yeah you do have to interview otherwise what's the point. I didn't see any last in of life support from across the Premier League and. City with B.B.C. Radio 5 Live life cross the U.K. This is B.B.C. 5. Our next guest Karrie Webb Marr was a linebacker for the New York Giants of the American Football team for 8 seasons between 19021999 in that time he played in 114 games and then Montana he has particularly on and he was Big Sky defensive M.V.P. Most Valuable Player in 1990 he was all America in 1991 and he was offered a place the Shia in the Montana Hall of Fame but he declined because he is worried that his condition which has called C.T.E. a Degenerative brain disease. Is. A sign of a very very difficult career and which he had numerous concussions on the field and he's with us now. Very nice to have you with us well thanks wherever you are were 1st your No I mean what would what would have been lost if you had said OK to the Muntadhar Hall of Fame. We are thinking who are giving the impression you know that football especially for the younger kids who can emulate the players on T.V. That you know if a little kid can make it to the N.F.L. You know they can do it which is true but I don't want to give them a false impression about the safety especially for younger kids and for that I've really distance myself from anything associated with football. When did you stop playing. My last game was in 2000 and. It was really at that point I just kind of stepped away and shortly thereafter I started to realize the players you know retired were struggling to kind of integrate that into society. A lot of difficulties with. Drug use styles of abuse. You know lot of antisocial behavior at the time nobody really knew what a lot of these players were stemming from. Concussions and the micro concussion environment. Would you say that you had a concussion regularly when you were playing. This is what the new evidence is showing. Major concussions or horrible side effects but that Richie micro concussion helmet helmet contact that don't necessarily result in an unconscious. Result from a concussion like I. Was I was unresponsive 1st events by major concussion but it's repeat feeding on the brain that the scientists are discovering can be just as detrimental. Having a single major concussion. Can you tell us from your memory it was like that major concussion when your for several minutes. It was it was horrible. I remember your stop a game you know there's a 1000 people in Giants Stadium and everything for watching. I just I just love the way there for just one to taken from panic at trying to wake me out of our fire which I realized. Carol not to show so it's a sideline the inside of. US really after that I was just. You know. I just had this feeling just being angry you know the mood was. Doing some control while I was setting out for especially you know the people were trying to help me or just it just sort of meaning. That that affects your home life is destroyed and you know my girlfriend within living together for quite a while the trial of the shoes won and. And it just. It changed my attitude about everything added to the of the world. Which is to release these weird feelings and at the time you know this is still in the ninety's early 2000 and nobody really discovered Ficci you know they didn't even know that word can. That was a chronic traumatic and satellite us now is Dr Pettit a Lawlor who discovered actually made a movie concussion story Will Smith for training. His particular story to bring this. Really was a lucid. Disease really brought it to all the scientists and allowed them to start. There was this really horrifying I think study from Dr Ron McKeon Boston last year and and sealing the brains of 111 farmers an F L players which had been to Nathan and she said the 110 of them had traces of C.T.E. When you had that what did you think. It scared me. Because now I'm in a position how do I exclude myself from basically a 100 percent. You know entering you know how can I say that you know it's not going to hurt me or affect me and it really has. Really pushed away all my friends and family I really don't put myself out there in society because you know these injuries affect us differently. You know people have violent behavior they might have the kind of attention deficit type of haze or mood swings that you just don't know what's going to happen cancelling drug abuse the list is almost unlimited when you think about the human emotion and health concussion can really a shaft a person individual there's such a spotlight on the snow the car you have people approached you to to join some of these X. Players organizations which focus on this. I'll be honest Roger timing is absolutely perfect. Just this morning all over the cheesy. The owners for the N.F.L. The National Football League the American Football Association and the coaches and the referees of all them getting together and really trying to improve the sport they want to make it safer so what they're doing is they're increasing the penalties. Either kill decision. Action monetary fine for people who are really using the hell with the helmet contract. As part of a Chakales or they're really trying to eliminate and it's great you know my hat's off to Roger Goodell for really being on top of that really trying to really make the sport safer not just for the professionals so it's college in layers. You know he's a commissioner of the N.F.L. . So that was great in the head of it all happening this morning and to be able to talk to. You know in this overseas market it's it's it's nothing short of being amazing for me. Are you are you at the stage where you can you know go out to a school and actually advise kids not to take out. What I have thought about because it's all going to be addressed as long as people talk about it. And that was my my emphasis when I made that article you know I withdrew my name from a long terrible false trail was to create a dialogue with parents to be more and more informed because in the United States we have usually called clearly. Major 5th graders are 9th graders. And I believe that you know the body just has not grown on the brain has not. Reached its full growth of the chancel. And these kids are. Knocking her brains around a little bit on their super young and then are fine with these injuries they're not just short term injuries these are life foreign injuries that. Quite honestly a lot of my friends in committed suicide. And that are really drawing down a. Different wasn't for the concussions you know they would need to be anywhere near I mean these are these are wonderful beautiful human beings. Are really living a nightmare in the way of color are you getting any kind of set of you getting any sort of help for this this is the big problem is there is no cure or for the city or American stuff was so what happens is the response for this was discovered players were you know self medicating or you know a doctor was shooting a man sorry psychotic drugs or something that was basically just masking a problem that can't be. There and. So. What you do is you can adult check that kind of part of what I do is I have to push my friends away I really don't put myself out there and and have an episode where I might just trying to lose my composure and. Taking a life after you know personally and. You know create a situation so I avoid situations and a lot of players are doing their you know the virus are just right a tractor around the earth for us to realize just or they don't have any grievance society so how do you feel your time I'm sorry how do you occupy yourself. Well you know the difficulty that I was having you know as you know I had to work after football and having a full time job was difficult ready it was just that every day focus I just didn't have it so I do now run as I just had my real estate I can work on it you know as a carpenter plumber Aleck Tricia. And doing actual work around my new sling you know. I have a day that just just not going to work out I just thought you know I don't paint the house or the stalls or waiting. So these are trying to you know ways that players will try to deal with the injury kind of what I do. And you know airily are we to compliment the N.F.L. Owners for for taking on in the sit on on tainting the rules on the helmet to helmet contact but of the N.F.L. Reached out to you I mean they must know that you. You know you get this big interview in Montana. It's known that you know when that you believe that you're suffering from C.T.E. What do the N.F.L. Do for you. That it's a big one or are you know there was a huge litigation. Several years ago and there Telfer some money aside. I'm currently in a litigation with international. That service. It's frustrating to be honest with you are going to an article for a lot of the players get in. But I think the N.F.L. Is just they're just trying to kind of grasp the full spectrum of what's happening and my intention it really wasn't a scorched earth type. Of football together and we just wanted to build a dialogue about this more understand the severity of it. On adults it was wrong it isn't all cause all the information all the information and they can make a decision. If they want to engage in you know kind of a dangerous occupation foreign my emphasis was really for the little kids you know will shift careers 9th graders. You know they really don't have a lot of life experiences so they just want to act like with their. Parents or. You know the uniform in the. Most equate of the helmet is kind of like a magic. Because you know kids feel like they can run into a wall and market her. To have kids of your own you know no that's that's been one of the consequences of actually a lot of suffer through all their lives because. It's really made it difficult for me and relationships because I just my biggest fear or mother's tears is. You know trying to lose my composure lose my control and for somebody to love the most in the world. That my girlfriend that at least our lives with football were still in charge but you know we've talked about this very hard. And it could be related. To force rates in the N.F.L. Or saloon curveball. And I say I was there statistic you know had I gone forward in Mary or my girlfriend. I just knew something was wrong especially a couple years after soup all eyes again city had been to Shari I had said I was Karen calling at carousel Central where players are have such difficulty with their families and their social lives after football Korey the in amazingly open and and forthcoming and I'm sure everybody would join me in wishing you the very best please don't stop talking about this all over her child here this opportunity is absolutely amazing I'm just. Trying you want to call me and use me as a resource if you're people call and have questions about you know somebody that has you know it's kind of that that saying about the cherry in the coal mine the cherry color has died. You know people want to know why. Don't hesitate you know reach out be happy to answer a question. Thank you so very much Paul thanks for Arthur really enjoy thank you of like. Well with what we might we might put up on the 5 live Web site who knows but for the time being let's turn our attentions to the world of science and some of the things which have captured the attention of the anchor the greedy the sweet little Bianca and I realize. Well. Charitable donation is your agenda. Why are you feeling particularly generous. Well. If there's someone was watching me I might so this particular piece of research is looking at whether we're more charitable if other people see us doing it and it turns out that we do actually like to be seen doing good and that makes us do more good which I guess shouldn't come as a surprise but it is actually an area of controversy one might say this is around this notion of altruism So this is doing things that benefit others but at a cost to ourselves and there's a lot of study of this in the wild So for example there's a species of bird in Australia called it and they're often young female effectively. Give up the idea of having their own family and instead they'll help to raise the nation's nephews and so in that situation it's all tourism benefits they genetic family but why do we give to charity for example because it's a cost to ourselves but there's no direct benefit to our take line I guess and one of the ideas is that either that donating to charity makes us Sexy that it makes us more appealing to potential mates and it also makes us potentially makes us more likely to be on the receiving end of charity in the future if we fall on hard times but for either of these 2 to work we need to be saying doing as and so this there needs to be what scientists call observability But there's actually in the studies that have been some done so far this kind of mixed evidence about whether this observability does actually impact what's called pro-social behavior so that's voluntary behavior that helps others or help society and so a group of researchers decided to do what's called a metal Mehta analysis we get all of the studies that have been done in this area kind of dump all. The data into our file and then you analyze the data as a whole and they did find that there is a small but significant relationship between observability and pro-social which means that essentially the more likely we are to be saying doing a good thing now we more likely to do that good thing and now this actually has some really interesting implications for charities because if you if we are more likely to donate money if we know that other people will know that we've donated money then this should actually be considered in fund raising strategies which is you need to make your donors visible and one really interesting example of this is the ice bucket challenge to remember the one that really hit the headlines I think was last year. Yes So in this case individuals are actually nominated publicly on social media so there's no escaping this and I had to make a decision with a consequence which is not only to have a bucket of cold water appended on your head but I also had to do that money and some people didn't do it was kind of obvious but it was a very visible program and it was incredibly successful I mean I think every charity would love for a campaign to go that viral and another example of this actually is around people reusing towels in hotels and you know there's always those signs in a hotel as his plays reuse your town hang them up or use them because it saves X. Amount of water and you know this much chemicals and things. Was a study that found that if that sign actually said something like 80 percent of guests who stayed in this room reuse that tells them people are actually more likely to reuse their towels and if the sign just tries to appeal to your environmental conscience because even though it doesn't make as visible as that motion that oh everybody else is doing it and if I don't do it I'm going to be in that that group that you know that has done that and it's going to be known so it's and this could also work for other things like increasing voter turnout for donating blood through volunteering for picking up rubbish all of these things anything where we think we're going to be sane doing good women. Likely to do good which means that maybe we're not so altruistic After all we still going on it's not really interesting and of course got great implications for the web because I was from enough I was on a website today a charter website which offers you the opportunity to have your name listed them because I was behere the nation in the name of somebody else I said yes but they are there you have it really don't you people maybe people respond to the side that they can get some kind of almost synonymous fame up there you know with a group of people leave they don't know and they never will exactly and there's a lot of a lot of these fund raising sites on the web do actually yeah you do list the down his name a narrow mountain you get you know if you give more or if you're someone who shares that particular donation request a lot then you get high visibility so yeah I think is that there's obviously people who work this out that visibility really councilman makes me wonder about the sort of I don't know a column in the U.K. We call them charity muggers here on the streets where I am the kind of call you want to corner and say please don't and I mean that's very visible so maybe that's maybe it does work even though I always kind of steer clear of them as much as possible sides quite. A lovely story about the way that our brains work when we go to a concert. Absolutely and this ties in with with your really I guess to some degree about you know we are still there's so much that we do not know about our brains and how they work and what goes wrong with them but in this case it is the slightly a happy a scenario which is trying to understand what happens to our brain waves when not only when we look at watching live music but when we're launching watching live music together with a whole pile of other people because there is think something special about being at a music concert and grooving or headbanging old for tapping or whatever it is that you happen to be doing this there's a sense of camera in his or there's a feel good notes to it and and some research is wanted to actually understand what was going on here because they felt that it's not only about the live performance it's also about the being with other people and so they used a technique called Electro and catalog philosophy which I always get wrong which is basically recording brain wise you just stick little electrodes all over the surface of the head in your face and they had 3 parts to the study so in one group of 20 people they were watching in the audience at a live music geek and a crowd of about 80 people so maybe a small pub gig and then the 2nd part of the study they were recording the brainwaves of 20 people in the same sized crowd but who were watching a recording of the concert so it wasn't live and in the 3rd part of the study was measuring brain waves from 20 people watching a recorded musical performance but in pairs so they were paired watch the recording but they went even sitting to get a sound pretty much watching at a line and so they were changing from live to recorded but also changing from being in a group to being by yourself and what they found was that the brain waves the kind of frequency of brain waves that are associated with feeling and moving along to a musical beat We're much more synchronized between the audience members when they're watching a live performance together compared to when they're watching a recording and so what this. Say they found was that they in fact that they Brian ways were synchronized meant that they actually felt more connected not only to the performers and to the music but they also felt more connected to about what Ian Smith So there's actually a feel good factor in this notion of being together and engaging in a musical a live musical performance together that you simply don't get if you're sitting there listening to something by yourself or even if you're sitting and listening to something that's recorded that's not not in a live setting so it's interesting how brains it's almost like a trying to bring us together and make us oldest well just get along it sounds terribly hippy but I'll go with it. So it's all right but you're a road the person next to your concert as it was growing stronger the side. Absolutely thank you very much great thanks Rog. It's 3 o'clock on the B.B.C. News comes from Kevin McGraw and the main is essential the home of an expression inspiring is now the focus of the soul's great poison inquiry and in sport a change of philosophy in Australian cricket. Isn't safe is investigating the nerve agent attacking a former Russian spy and his daughter believed they 1st came into contact with the police and it's OK scruples home on the outskirts of souls break offices say the highest concentration of the nerve agent was found in the front door a correspondent has been and they know the people in Saul's we will see that they're starting not to focus their attention so much on the city center on the park bench on the pub in the restaurant that the strip ounce had been in but very much around his house and.