The history of the Middle East and Israel: Tracing the empires that ruled 'the cradle of civilisation'

The region of the Middle East, often dubbed the "Cradle of Civilisation," brought many breakthroughs in fields such as astronomy, mathematics and philosophy. Some of the most prominent ancient civilisations that emerged in this region include Mesopotamia, Egypt, Persia and the Levant.  In the 13th century, a Turkish tribe initiated a series of conquests that ultimately

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