International review is on air, in the studio fyodor lukyanov. Today the Program Includes international review. Events of the week, chronicle, facts, comments. Surprise attack by hamas, hundreds of hostages captured. New fighting tactics. Ground operation in gaza, blockade of the palestinian enclave. What has the israeli army prepared . Israels friendship with arab countries. The Peace Agreement was put on pause by our program materials. This is a full scale war. This is what the Israeli Defense minister, mashi dayan, called the syrian and egyptian invasion of the dutch heights and the eastern bank of the soed canal. The surprise attack began this morning from the air on this issue, we were going to remember the arabisraeli war in 1973, which broke out half a century ago, but historical studies had to be postponed. The Palestinian Islamic movement hamas, which controls the gaza strip, timed its attack on israel to coincide with the anniversary. An attack of unprecedented audacity and truly barbaric cruelty caught the Israeli Security forces in a state of confusion, even more so than 50 years ago, when the government was also reproached for its unpreparedness for battle. The frontline town of sdyrot, located just 2 km from the border gaza sector, from the palestinian enclave, surfacetosurface missiles reach the city limits in 45 seconds, so City Residents clearly know where the bomb shelters are and when planning their daily routes, Pay Attention to security measures. In just 2 days these walls, buildings, streets will become decorations. The authorities announced the upcoming evacuation of the city of thirty thousand, this coming sunday, and everyone who has not left sdyrot over the past week will leave. The israelis suddenly lost confidence in, albeit relative, security. First the tragic lesson of the events of october 7 was the collapse of illusions. It turned out that it was complex, multistage. The security system, which until recently was so proud, cannot contain saboteurs, the moment will come, it will come very soon, and of course, there will be a debriefing, to understand how this could even happen, because for ten years i could not in this border, how they say, where the border is, where the fence is, a fly flies, when a dove flies, a whole detachment is called, so first of all, no one understands, today no one, well, no one from lets say, not from the general staff, yes, but none of the residents. And citizens of israel understands how this could happen. I would say this, it most likely was, it was the action of hamas, not because he became very selfconfident or selfconfident, most likely, in my opinion, these were death convulsions, since hamas understands that it will come to an end one way or another. Peace agreements and agreements on close cooperation between saudi arabia and the state were about to be concluded. Saudi arabia, as we know, is in fact, a state, the leader of the sunni part of the islamic world. Until recently, no one here could have imagined such a daring, exceptionally brutal raid by militants. And experts are trying to understand the logic of the islamists actions, why hamas needed all this. Tons of humanitarian aid, medical equipment, Construction Materials and Construction Equipment were delivered throughout the gas sector. That is, in other words. Here there was a discrepancy between israels agenda and hamass plans. Israel tried to appease hamas, hamas regarded this as weakness and realized that the time had come to carry out such a massive attack, this paradox was noticed only recently, as soon as the social and Economic Situation in gaza in this overpopulated, almost three million palestinian enclave began to improve the popularity of the Islamist Hamas government, in the eyes of the population begins to fall sharply. Hamas has never wanted to give up its idea of resistance as a strategy for its existence. The palestinian government, which controls. Want security and confidence, on the contrary, hamas feels that in this way it is losing its idea, the idea of resistance, they realized that street protests, pickets, clashes with the police, rallies of thousands and an irreconcilable struggle of ideas are perceived by the enemies as weakness, choosing the moment to attack, i i dont know what the fault is, as they say, but at least, judging by the results, judging by the results, we were really caught, this is our weakest moment, definitely, maybe there were some overlaps connected somewhere with the political, somewhere with a military man, but in fact, in fact, this political weakness was somehow in parallel connected with our military weakness, therefore , as they say, it led to such disastrous results, on the trip of the day today it is not analytics, but war, although according to experts. It was precisely mistakes in analyzing the situation and misunderstanding the logic of the enemy that made the country vulnerable at some point and defenseless against ruthless terrorists. Sergey pashkov, alexander ivanyuk, anastasia demyanets, especially for International Viewing from israel. Arabisraeli the confrontation has been going on for many decades. Its core is the palestinian issue. Everything came together here. Religious passions rooted in the distant past and the fruits of the colonial policy of europe, the ideological battle of the cold war and the recklessness of the builders of the world after its end, the tragedies of peoples and the cynicism of their leaders, and most importantly, no one ever wanted to give in, confident in their rightness and strength. The state of israel was created against the will of the majority of the population. Then palestine and contrary to the will of all surrounding countries, therefore the state of israel had to always rely on military force in order to survive and control those who do not agree with their existence or their policies, including the palestinians, who, well, were mostly expelled, some left themselves, in 1948 , it is these people who are now, their descendants, naturally, in the gaza strip, many are on the west bank of jordan, and they live in completely different conditions than citizens of the state of israel, although israel controls both the economy and the military, of course, aspects, and israeli. Currency is valid throughout this entire territory, that is, you can look at it as one state in which there is half the population without political rights. According to official israeli historiography, the jewish kingdom in palestine was destroyed by the romans in the First Century ad. The jews were expelled and jerusalem was destroyed along with the second temple. Slaves came to palestine. Saraway peninsula only 700 years later. Palestine became part of the first arabmuslim caliphate, from the 16th century behind the courtyards of the ottoman empire, with its collapse after the first world war, Great Britain received the mandate to govern palestine. In 1917, British Foreign secretary arthur balfour, in a letter to the representative of the british jewish community, altar rothschild, expressed support for the idea. National home in palestine. The document was called the balfour declaration. At the same time , jews from europe began to emigrate en masse to palestine. Their banner was zionism a movement whose goal was the revival of the jewish state in the promised land. In november 1947 , the Un General Assembly adopted resolution 181. On the division of palestine into two independent states. And jewish. Jerusalem, as the holy city of three religions, was to become an international zone. Arab countries rejected this decision. Then, in response to this on may 14th. In 1948, the jewish state of israel was proclaimed. The very next day, the arab countries started a war against him, but lost. Israeli troops occupied most of the land allocated to the arab state, which was never created. And that part of palestine that the israelis did not manage to occupy was annexed to jordan. And the gas sector to egypt. As a result, the first arabs of the israeli war, about 7,000 arabs , either left their homes or were expelled by the israelis. They went to egypt, jordan, syria and lebanon, and thus the problem of Palestinian Refugees arose. During the arabisraeli wars of 67 and 73, israel captured the remaining parts of the palestinian territories and the syrian and dutch heights. The number of Palestinian Refugees has increased by another 350,000. Over the past 30 years, attempts. Repeatedly, but none of them were successful. In ninetythree, after the voslo peace talks between Yasser Arafat and Yitzhak Rabin, Peace Agreements were signed. They cost israeli Prime MinisterYitzhak Rabin his life. He was killed at a rally in tel aviv. In 1994, the Palestinian National authority was created. But in 2000 the second intifada began and ended. Only with the death of arafat. After his death, israel completely handed over Palestinian Authority control of jerricho and four other west bank cities, and then withdrew troops of jewish settlers from the gaza strip. Jewish settlements are settlements where Israeli Citizens settle, but they are located in territories occupied after 67, which were supposed to go to the palestinian state. They continue to be built on the west bank. Around jerusalem, but the un and a number of countries consider them occupied territories. The interests of the major powers have always intersected here, but now Regional Forces are beginning to behave independently, external players themselves, it seems, have not yet fully understood what they want, and how willing they are to get involved in risky conflicts. Oliver stopf from austria, the drawing is called cunning iran, a man who looks like an aliyah plays a piano that says middle east. Patrick chapat from switzerland , customs and rules of war, hamas version grab women and Children First shouts a man in a pickup truck imat hajaj from jordan, works for the arabic newspaper alara, which is published in britain. Very briefly called palestinian parachutes. Giusela michela from italy. Israelipalestinian confrontation, a man representing the United States condemningly says well, look what you did, hamas. the work of another italian, marc de angelis. The drawing called eternity was made 35 years ago, but was republished this week. Remains relevant. The developing crisis is dramatic and incredibly multifaceted, it is impossible to cover everything, perhaps the most intriguing point is who is behind the hamas movement, which turned out to be capable of such a largescale act, the palestine liberation organization, or plo, created back in 64, united about forty combat groups, and there was never unity in it. In 1993 , the Palestinian National authority was formed in the gaza strip. All leadership positions in it were occupied by the old guard of yayas arafat from the fatah movement. They were opposed by the Younger Generation of palestinians, supporters of the Muslim Brotherhood banned in egypt, who united in the Islamic Resistance movement, abbreviated in arabic as hamas. Inside palestine, they relied on the poorest segments of the population, because they were representatives recognized by the un. Still receive and distribute the lions share of funds from international sponsors. In fact, the only legal source of livelihood for palestinians. Fatah functionaries are regularly accused of corruption. By speaking out against this, the islamists won the support of ordinary palestinians, and, oddly enough, the Israeli Intelligence services, which supported them in opposition to fatah. Charitable and religious activities of the future leader hamas and ahmed yassin, his organization almujama alisliya received funding from israel. Another source of money was the arab countries, among which we can highlight. The qatar movement created a network of schools, hospitals, kindergartens, and an Islamic University in gaza. Islamist sentiments intensified in palestinian society, which previously had nationalist or even leftist views. The plo abandoned terrorist methods back in 1988, which made it possible to sign the 1993 vosla agreement. Hamas, on the contrary, is beginning terrorist activities. The organizer and spiritual inspirer of hamas, sheikh ahmed yesin, chained to a chair from birth, was killed in a gas rocket fired from an israeli helicopter in 2004, but then the confrontation between the two sides did not reach open hostility; it began in 2006, after the parliamentary elections. Hamas supporters won, but fatah did not give up power. The leaders, Mahmoud Abbas and ismail khane, agreed. Coalition government, but the agreement did not last six months, hamas activists committed a military coup, and then expelled all fatah leadership structures from the sector. Arafats supporters then moved to ramala, where fatah has since ruled the west bank and hamas has ruled the gaza strip. There is no doubt in israel, hamas is a facade. Behind him is a sworn enemy iran. This is what the iranians have been planning for a long time. They understand that they cannot defeat israel in a direct war, so the tactic is to bleed us dry in constant skirmishes. We see the first act. I know there is coordination between different groups. They are all one way or another otherwise associated with iran. Hamas exists partly at the expense of iranian money. Iran is training their military personnel. Iran. Gave gas Rocket Technology to create onsite production. There have always been connections between hamas and iran, they have always existed, but the dynamics of these connections have changed in recent years, and not only in recent years, in principle, in the last 20 years, it is enough to recall that in the same syrian war, hamas initially opposed bashar alassad, that is , irans main ally, but at the same time, of course, the iranians understood that hamas as such is still a certain investment of theirs, this is a certain lever that they can use, again in opposition to israel, they have always supported its military wing in principle, they have always trained it, another thing is that hamas itself cannot in any case be perceived as some kind of organization that is completely, is in complete subordination to tehran, after all, it is an independent organization, and it receives foreign funding, far from only from tehran, and here there may be questions, including to some countries of the persian, arab countries of the persian gulf, for this reason , to say that the current speech was the result of some direct order from tehran, well, we cannot, most likely tehran, what we can agree, he knew about the preparation of a certain action. But again , taking into account what is currently happening in the region, taking into account the difficult relations that iran has with western countries, taking into account the difficult Economic Situation within the country, i think that the conflict of the nature that is unfolding now, but it does not coincide in everything with the interests of iran, although they do not always contradict them, there is no doubt that iran supports both Islamic Jihad and hamas in palestine, this has been happening for many years and is not hidden, the amount of support amounts to 300 million annually. Iran is a sovereign state that has its own interests, its network of contacts, whether this war opens up more opportunities for iran, or creates new threats, depends largely on its behavior and its choices, to what extent get involved. The shiite crescent is a state. A significant part of the population of which are Shiite Muslims lebanon, syria, iran, iraq, bahrain and yemen. Not many shiites live even in saudi arabia, the cradle of sunism. The term shiite crescent was first used by the king of jordan in 2004 in relation to iraq; in 2006, former egyptian president hosni mubararak uttered the historical phrase shiites throughout the middle east. More loyal to iran than to their own countries, this is very close to the truth. Indeed, after the overthrow of sunni, saddam hussein, all subsequent president s of iraq were kurds, shiids much more inclined to iran than to the United States. In multireligious lebanon, since the assassination of rafik hariri in 2005, the proiranian shiite Party Hezbollah and its military wing have enjoyed much more influence than the current and all previous Prime Ministers oriented towards saudi arabia and the United States. Hezbollah completely controls the south of lebanon and says it is ready to open a second front against israel. Despite the presence on the lebaneseisraeli border of over 10,000 un peacekeepers. Syria, even under assad the elder, had a special relationship with iran, but with the outbreak of the civil war in 2011, after the loss of significant territories to the American Occupation of the oil fields beyond the euphrates, tehrans influence on damascus increased significantly. In bahrain in 2011, local shiites attempted to overthrow the ruling alkhalifa dynasty. But troops from saudi arabia arrived on the island via the king fahd bridge. The sheet rebellion was crushed. The big problem for the saudi dynasty on the arrabian peninsula was the Shiite Houthi Group remains in yemen. The houthis believe that yemens sunni majority is ignoring the interests of the shiite minority. Since march 2015 , a Coalition Led by saudi arabia has been fighting the houthis. Riyadh says it is acting on the request. The expresident of yemen, abt rabba mansur hadi, who fled the country in january 1915. Saudi arabia and the United States claim that shiite iran is secretly sending money and weapons to the houthis, and this despite the fact that american ships and planes completely control adon gulf airspace yemen. They dont need a fullfledged war with israel, and here we most likely. Will see, on the one hand, an increase in its risks, since iran also cannot stand aside, anti zionist policy, support for, lets say, the palestinian movement, this is part of the iranian the National Ideology that it renounced cannot be renounced by todays iran, but on the other hand, most likely we will see an active statement on the part of tehran, maybe somewhere there will be some kind of opposition from the outside. Such a scenario can be avoided, although again in in the current unpredictable situation, everything is possible. Iran, of course, is involved, but not in planning the operation, in supplying weapons, training personnel, or expanding hamas missile capabilities. As for the attack itself, it appears to have been developed by a very small group. Those who participated in the preparations did not know what exactly was being prepared, so here, i think, they managed without iran, but the american neoconservatives are trying with all their might to realize their dream, to provoke a war against iran, a strike on nuclear facilities, i dont think that it turns out that secretary of state blinken spoke cautiously, saying there is no evidence against tehran. The american official is indeed evasive, they say in israel. The americans, blinken, say that they have no evidence of iranian participation, because they want to save the nuclear deal, this is their strategy, so they sent an Aircraft Carrier to the eastern mediterranean, hoping to keep iran and hezbollah from taking direct action against israel, further involving proiranian forces torpedoes the nuclear deal that washington worked hard to achieve such efforts, everything remains on the agenda. This is very important for them, they continue the line started by obama, its essence is that iran is given special importance as a regional player who should be given a special role, the assessment is controversial and harsh, but in general can israel rely on america . I will quote the american president , trust, but verify, in International Relations everyone works only for their own interests. We live in an anarchic environment, everyone behaves selfishly, the usa is no exception. America good ally of israel. We have many common interests. But we had, for example, a good ally of france, and then they decided that their priorities had changed. I am a realist, one of the common versions of why the attack happened right now is to disrupt normalization. Israels relations with saudi arabia, as the pinnacle of the Abraham Accords started by trump. Any country that tries now, from the arab world, will try to flirt to one degree or another. With israel, but she is doomed to receive the status of, well, such a renegade, will be rejected, against the backdrop of the raham agreements, the influx of Financial Assistance to hamas, and in principle to palestine it has decreased very seriously, that is, if we look at these last few months, the palestinians have been actively traveling around the region, well, in fact, with an outstretched hand, taking into account the fact that, unfortunately, how if the struggle for the creation of an independent palestinian state there. Had already turned into an outright business in the last decade, then the unleashing of the current instability, again, it was primarily in the interests of the same hamas, to remind ourselves, and also remind ourselves of what could happen if the said organization does not receive money, including from external sponsors, because again , unfortunately, we are operating on rumors, on those rumors that there are, the intigirant has been very generous in helping hamas in recent years, not to mention the egyptians there, and the arab monarchies of the persian gulf , some of them. The gaza strip is a small palestinian enclave on the mediterranean coast. To the north and east it borders with israel, from which it is separated by a fence with checkpoint, in the south the border with egypt, a concrete wall, another rafah checkpoint. Enclave length. Only 40 km, and a width from 6 to 12. At the same time, according to the rent Corporation Research center, it is the Third Largest population density in the world. Almost 2. 5 Million People live on a piece of land slightly smaller than hong kong. For comparison, if on average 400 souls live per square kilometer in israel, then in the gas sector there are about 5,500. These are mainly descendants of rabies who left israel after, according to the cia world fact book, their average age is 18 years, and about 40 of local residents are under 15. The birth rate here is one of the highest in the world. For example here is a list of countries by total fertility rate, this is the average number of children that women give birth to in their lifetime. According to the world bank, this is from 15 to 50. On this list, palestine is in fortythird place, but if we exclude africa from it, which is the leader in this indicator, then gas will be in fourth place. Only afghanistan, Solomon Islands and samua are ahead. There are an average of 3. 5 children per woman here, because of this the population doubles every quarter century. Most live in the north of the region in gaza city. According to some reports, life there does not take into account rent. Almost 17 more expensive than in moscow. The local economy is based on smallscale production, fishing, agriculture, and citrus cultivation. The Palestinian Ministry of economy reported that amid the escalating conflict in ukraine, prices for flour and sugar in gas rose by more than 20 . Eggs, meat and Vegetable Oil became more expensive, and the cost of fuel increased by almost 10 . It is noteworthy that in 2000, during the second antifada, many gazans could go to work in israel, but after the coup in 2007, when hamas came to power, israel established a complete economic blockade. Opportunities to work in israel have dried up, already low exports have ceased, and many Small Businesses have gone bankrupt. Due to restrictions on the movement of palestinians imposed by israel, Human Rights Watch has repeatedly compared life in gaza to a prison. Open air. The shock experienced by israel is so great that the mercilessness the answer is not only not hidden, it is emphasized in every possible way. Now the mood in israel is one of gigantic rage over the atrocities that we discovered when we cleared the areas where there were terrorists. And the second element, a general Firm Understanding that a ground military operation in gaza is necessary, because this is the only way. To destroy the hamas war machine and the people will support the government in this. What hamas did by committing a terrible murder reminded the world of the existence of the palestinian conflict. And the main problem is not with hamas, the organization can be destroyed. And israel will most likely do this, but Something Else will appear in its place. The question is, what next, now at the peak of the war and not